高考英语一轮复习考案5必修五练习含解析外研版

一轮复习精品资料(高中)PAGEPAGE1必修五综合过关规范限时检测第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1．Howmanypeoplearethereaccordingtotheconversation？BA．2. B．3.C．4.2．Whatdoesthewomanplantodo？AA．Changeherjob.B．Startacompany.C．Interviewanewcomer.3．Whatisthemandoing？AA．Cashinghischeque.B．Bookinghisroom.C．Payingforhismeal.4．Wheredoestheconversationtakeplacemostprobably？CA．InarestaurantB．Athome.C．Inahotel.5．WhatmightMariahopetodo？CA．Travelfordeliciousfood.B．SaveenoughmoneyforEaster.C．Findacloserplacefortheholiday.第二节(共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6．Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout？AA．Theholidayplan.B．AfriendinAustralia.C．TheseasonsofAustralia.7．What'stheweatherlikeinBrisbanenow！CA．Cold. B．Hot.C．Cool.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8．What'stheoriginalcoloroftheshirt？CA．Red. B．White.C．Darkblue.9．Whydidthemangototheshop？AA．Togetthemoneyback.B．Toexchangetheshirt.C．Tomakeaquarrel.10．Howlongwillthemanwaittogetanothersatisfyingshirt？BA．Twodays. B．Twoweeks.C．Aweek.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11．Whatwillthewomandofirst？CA．Goshopping.B．Eatattheburgerplace.C．Buysomevitamins.12．Whydoesthewomaninsistoneatingvitamins？AA．Theyprovidesomemissingnutrients.B．Theyarehardtogetfromfood.C．Theyhelpadiettobebalanced.13．Whatkindofvitaminbuildsupyourbones？BA．VitaminA． B．VitaminD.C．VitaminC.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14．WhatdoesJeddo？BA．Aninventor. B．Ajournalist.C．Astudent.15．HowdoesJedfindwing­clothes？AA．Expensive. B．Outdated.C．unattractive.16．Whatistheproblemwiththesolarwaterequipment？CA．Itcan'tgetwatercleanenough.B．Itisacomplexdevice.C．Itlacksmoneytoproduce.17．Whoinvented“Enabletalkgloves”？CA．Italian. B．Chinese.C．Ukrainian.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18．WhatistheweatherlikeinwesternOregonnow？CA．Rainy. B．Sunny.C．Cloudy.19．Whereisitlikelytosnowtomorrow？AA．NorthernOregon.B．EasternOregon.C．SouthernOregon.20．WhenwillwinddieawayineasternOregon？BA．Intheevening. B．Intheafternoon.C．Atnight.附听力原文：Text1W：Hereyouare,anicetablefortwo.CanIbringyousometeafirst?M：Oh,no,thanks.Idon'tcarefortea.Andyou,dear?Text2M：Whatmadeyouchooseourcompany?W：Yourcompanyhasagoodreputation,whichIthinkwillprovidemewithmoreopportunitiesthantheoneIamworkingfor.Text3W：Alright.Howwouldyouliketogetthisamountof$300?M：One$100bill,two$50billsandfive$20bills,please.Text4M：Excuseme，howlongisitfromheretothetrainstation?W：Ifyoutakeataxi,itwillbe20minutes.M：Thenpleasegivemeawake­upcallat7：00.Text5M：WhatabouttravellingtoEnglandforEaster,Maria?Theweatherisalwayssunnyandthefoodisgreatthoughtravellingthereisveryexpensive.W：Well,that'snottheproblem.Actually,it'stoofarforourone­weekholiday.Text6W：Ihearyou'llhaveaholidaynextweek.Whatdoyouintendtodo?M：MaybeI'llgotoaforeigncountryjustforachangeofscene.W：Whichcountryareyougoingtothen?M：IliketheblueskyofBrisbaneinAustralia.Afriendlivingtherehasinvitedme.W：Nowit'ssummerherewhileit'swinterinAustralia.It'scoolbutnevercoldinBrisbane.It'sjusttherightplacetotraveltointhisseason.Text7W：Goodmorning.CanIhelpyou?M：Yes,Ihaveacomplainttomake.Iboughtthisshirtinyourstorelastweek.Whatafamousbrandisthat!Theziphadbroken,andwhatdrivesmecrazyisthatitisfading.Atfirst,itisdarkblue,butnowitisnearlywhite.W：Well,doyouwashitcorrectly?M：Ofcourse,Iwashitaccordingtothedirections.Anyway,I'dliketoaskforarefundforthisshirt.W：I'msorry.Theyarenotrefundable.Butwecanexchangeitforyou,OK?M：OK.W：Waitforamoment.Ithinkwehaveanotherone...Hereyouare.M：Butthisoneisred.W：Sorry,Sir.Thisistheonlyonewe'vegotnow.Ifyouarenotinahurrytowear,youcancometwoweekslatertogetablueone.M：Allright.W：Comealongthenandbringthisreceiptwithyou.Text8M：I'mhungry!Doyouwanttogototheburgerplaceandgetsomethingtoeat?W：Sure.ButIneedtostopatthedrugstorefirst.Ineedsomevitamins.M：Whydoyouwanttowasteyourmoney?Vitaminpillsdon'treallyhelpyou.W：Chris,that'snottree!Actuallymorepeopleshouldtakethembecausetheyplayavitalroleingoodhealth.M：How?W：Manypeopledon'teathealthyfoodanddon'thaveabalanceddiet.Sovitaminpillscanprovidesomeofthemissingnutrients.M：Iread,though,thatit'sbettertogetallyournutrientsfromfood,notfrompills.W：Yourdietconsistsoffastfoodandsoftdrinks.That'snothealthy!M：Well...EvenifIwantedtotakevitamins，it'stooconfusingwithsomanytochoosefrom.HowwouldIknowwhichonetotake?W：Forinstance,VitaminAisgoodforyoureyes,VitaminChelpsyourbodyheal,andVitaminDstrengthensyourbones.Text9W：Welcometo“Tech­Today”！SoweaskerJed,oursciencereporter,togiveusaround­upofnewinventions.M：Hi,yes,wing­clothes,thoseclothesthatlooklikebatsandallowpeopletofly,orglide,atleast.W：But,they'renotverynew,arethey?M：Well,no,butthemodernonesarebetterthaneverandlastOctoberwasthefirsteverworkchampionshipinChina.Thepriceiscomingdown,too.Nowyoucanbuyoneof$600to$2000.It'sstilltooexpensiveforme,butIsupposeit'llkeepcomingdown.W：OK,whataboutusefulnewinventions?M：There'snewsolarwaterequipmentcreatedbyItalianGabrieleDiamanti.Youpourinsaltywaterandletthesundotheworkforafewhours.Then，youhavecleanwater!It'saverysimpledeviceandfairlycheaptoproduce.However,theystillneedhelpwithinvestmenttostartproducingitproperly.W：Absolutely.M：“Enabletalkgloves”wereinventedbysomeUkrainianstudents.Theglovesusesensorstotranslatesignlanguageintotext,thenintospokenlanguageusingasmartphone.W：Yes,thatcouldbenefitthousandsofpeople.Text10Goodafternoonandwelcometotheweatherforecast.Let'stakealookattheweatheroutsidenow.What'sitlike?Well,it'scurrentlyrainingandcloudyinsouthernOregonwhilenorthernOregoniscoldandclear.Thesunisshining,butit'srathercolduphereintheNorth!Thetemperatureiscurrently45degreesinthesouthernOregonandonly30degreesintheNorth.ThecloudsaregatheringinwesternOregonandperhapsitwillraininashorttimewhileeasternOregonissunnyandwarm，likethearrivalofthespringthere.Shallweseewhattheweatherwillbeliketomorrow?Well，itwillberainyinthemorninginsouthernOregonandwindyinnorthernOregon.Intheafternoon,theSouthwillseecloudyweatherwithsomerainlaterintheday.NorthernOregonwillalsoseerainturningtosnowandquitewindy,withwindscomingfromtheNorth­East.ThestrongwindswilldiedownintheafternoonineasternOregon,butitstillremainscoldasitis.GoodnewsforwesternOregon,foritwillenjoythesunshinealldayalongtomorrow.That'stheweatherforecastforthisafternoon.Haveagoodday!第二节到此结束。第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。A(2021·南京市高三学情调研)DonQuijotebyMigueldeCervantesMuchreadingandbooklearningcandriveyoutotryandbecomeoneofthecharactersinyourfavoritenovels.ThisiswhathappenstoDonQuijote,whoattemptsmanyknightly(骑士的)actswhilestoppedbyaworldthathasrejectedknightlyvirtues.Cervantescombinesallthreeelements—madness,comedy,andfantasy—inbetweenconversationsandadventures.ATreatiseofHumanNaturebyDavidHumeExploringthescientificallyappliedmoralphilosophyisthegoalofthistreatise.Buildingonearlycomplaintsagainsttheendlessguessesandargumentsbetweenphilosophers,thisworkpromotesamoveawayfrommetaphysicalspeculation(形而上学的猜测)andapermanentshifttowardsystemsbasedonobservationalfacts.NonebyB．KovnerEinstein'sfavouritereadingduringhislastfewmonthsofhislifewashumorousstoriesofB．Kovner.Kovnerwroteaseriesofhumorousstories.TheBrothersKaramazovbyDostoevskyInthebook,eachcharacterisrepresentativeofoneoftherulingclasses.ThereisthefatherFyodor,thelandownerwhoiscarelessabouthisland,butgreedyinusingitsproduceforhimself.There'sDmitri,whohasbeenpassedaroundfromhousetohouse,andgentleAlyosha,themysteriouspeacemaker.Thethemesoflove,law,anddutymakeitoneofthebestDostoevsky'sbookstoread.文章大意：本文介绍了四本书，包括其作者、故事梗概等相关信息。21．Whichbookprobablyexploresthelinkbetweenscienceandhumannature？CA．None.B．DonQuijote.C．ATreatiseofHumanNature.D．TheBrothersKaramazov.〖解析〗考查理解具体信息的能力。根据题干中的关键词scienceandhumannature定位到原文中ATreatiseofHumanNature中的“Exploringthescientificallyappliedmoralphilosophyisthegoalofthistreatise.”可知，写作《人性论》的目的就是探索科学应用的道德哲学，即探索科学与人性之间的关系。故C项正确。22．WhichofthefollowingcontributestothepopularityofTheBrothersKaramazov？CA．Richimagination.B．Humorappliedtowriting.C．Themesoflove，lawandduty.D．Charactersrepresentingrulingclasses.〖解析〗考查理解具体信息的能力。根据题干中的关键词popularity定位到原文TheBrothersKaramazov中的“Thethemesoflove，law，anddutymakeitoneofthebestDostoevsky'sbookstoread.”可知，爱、法律和责任的主题使《卡拉马佐夫兄弟》成为陀思妥耶夫斯基最好的读物之一。故C项正确。23．What'sthepurposeofthepassage？AA．Toinformreadersofthebooks.B．Tosharestudiesofthebooks.C．Toevaluatethecontentsofthebooks.D．Tocomparethefeaturesofthebooks.〖解析〗考查理解目的的能力。本文介绍了四本书，包括其作者、故事梗概等相关信息。故A项正确。B(2021·武汉市部分学校高三起点质检)Twentyyearsago,Ibecameinvolvedinpettherapy(治疗)work.Withdiggingdeeperintothejob,Ihadanurgetobearecorderofthepets'dailyworktoletmoreandmorepeopleknowtheireffortsandcontributions.Afterall，theycouldnotsayourlanguages.ItwaswhenIgotfamiliarwiththeworkthatIgotmygoldenretriever(金毛寻回犬),whomInamedAngel.Asshematuredandwentthroughobediencetraining,Irealizedthatshewouldbeagoodpartner.Angelistennowandstillworkseveryweek.Asarule,shevisitstwohospitals,adaycarecenterfortheelderly,andourlibrary'sPAWSforReadingprogram.Angelhasalsohelpedoutatachildren'sspecialneedscamp.Sheissopopularthateverywherewegopeoplerecognizeher,especiallythekidsshehasworkedwith.Wehaveseensomeveryspecialthingsthroughourpettherapywork.IbroughtAngeltoourlocalhospitaltovisitawomanwhowascompletelyparalyzed(瘫痪的)onherrightsidefromastroke.Oneday,myhusband,JackaskedherifshewantedtogiveAngelatreat.Shenoddedandgentlytookthetreat,raisedherrighthandandstartedpettingAngel.Herfriendwasintheroomandsaid,“Shehasn'tbeenabletomovethathandsinceshehadherstroke！”SomehowitseemsappropriatethatwhenAngelvisitsthehospital,shealsoperformstricksforthepatientswithherpaws.Thebestoneiswhenshecrouchesonthefloorandcrossesherpaws.Shestaysstillanddoesn'tmoveuntilJacksays“Bestwishes”.It'sthebestwishesforallthepeopleAngelmeetsaswellasforherself.文章大意：本文讲述了金毛寻回犬Angel拜访、治疗病人的故事。通过它的拜访与治疗，一位右半身完全瘫痪的中风病人竟然能活动右手。24．Whydoestheauthorwanttobearecorder？CA．Petscannotrecordthemselves.B．Petsshouldbehighlypraised.C．Pets'laborshouldbemadeawareof.D．Pets'dailyworkisimportant.〖解析〗考查理解具体信息的能力。根据第一段第二句“Withdiggingdeeperintothejob，Ihadanurgetobearecorderofthepets’dailyworktoletmoreandmorepeopleknowtheireffortsandcontributions.”可知，作者想记录下这些宠物的日常工作，是为了让越来越多的人知道它们的努力和贡献。故C项正确。25．HowisAngel'swork？AA．Busybutrewarding.B．Interestingbuttiring.C．Funnyandamusing.D．Importantanddemanding.〖解析〗考查推断的能力。通读第二段可知，Angel仍然每周工作，它要拜访两家医院、一家老人日托中心、图书馆，还要在一个“儿童特需营”帮忙。据此可以判断，Angel很忙碌。通读第三段可知，Angel帮助一位因中风而右半身完全瘫痪的女士，使其能活动右手，据此可以判断，Angel的工作对人们很有用。故A项正确。26．WhatdidAngeldofortheparalyzedwoman？BA．Shecuredherdisease.B．Shevisitedherattimes.C．Shegaveherbestwishes.D．Sheplayedtricksonher.〖解析〗考查理解具体信息的能力。根据第三段第二句“IbroughtAngletoourlocalhospitaltovisitawomanwhowascompletelyparalyzed(瘫痪的)onherrightsidefromastroke.”可知，作者带着Angel到当地的医院去看望一位因中风而右半身完全瘫痪的女士。又结合第二段提到的Angel每周都拜访两家医院和第四段中的“whenAngelvisitsthehospital，shealsoperformstricksforthepatientswithherpaws”可知，在作者的带领下，Angel不时去看望这位中风的女士。故选B。27．Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage？CA．Aloyaldog B．SelflessloveC．Asilentangel D．Greatdevotion〖解析〗考查理解文章主旨要义的能力。通读全文可知，本文第一段第二句“Withdiggingdeeperintothejob，Ihadanurgetobearecorderofthepets’dailyworktoletmoreandmorepeopleknowtheireffortsandcontributions.”为全文的主题句，作者想让越来越多的人知道“不会讲话的宠物的努力和贡献”，文章讲述了金毛寻回犬Angel拜访、治疗病人的故事。通过它的拜访与治疗，一位右半身完全瘫痪的中风病人竟然能活动右手。据此可以判断，“沉默的天使”最适合作本文标题。故选C。C(2021·山东新高考第一次模拟)Chinaisoneofthefirstcountriestobreedamedicalculture.IncomparisonwithWesternmethods,traditionalChinesemedicine(TCM)adoptsavastlydifferentapproach.Forthousandsofyears,Chinesepeoplehaveaccumulatedrichexperienceinfightingallsortsofdiseases,thereforeformingauniquemedicaltheoryundertheguidanceofancientChinesephilosophies.ThecorebehindTCMisthatthehumanbody'slifeistheconsequenceofthebalancebetweenYinandYang.Yangfunctionstosafeguardusagainstouterharm,andYinistheinnerbasetostoreandprovideenergy.Whenthebalancebetweenthetwoaspectsisdisturbed,peoplefallill.OneofthetraditionaltechniquesofTCM,acupuncture(针刺疗法),meansinsertionofneedlesintosuperficialstructuresofthebody—usuallyatacupoints(穴位)—torestoretheYin­Yangbalance.Itisoftenaccompaniedbymoxibustion(灸法)，whichinvolvesburningthemugwortonorneartheskinatanacupoint.ThefirstknowntextthatclearlytalksaboutsomethinglikeacupunetureandmoxibustionasitispracticedtodayisTheYellowEmperor'sInnerCanon.ItistheearliestandmostimportantwrittenworkofTCMandisconsideredthemostrepresentativemedicaltextinChina.Acupunctureandmoxibustionhavearousedtheinterestofinternationalmedicalsciencecircles.AndTCMisgraduallygainingworldwiderecognition.TheWHOissuedadocumentin2002thatappealedtomorethan180countriestoadoptTCMasanalternativeintheirmedicalpolicies.In2010,acupunctureandmoxibustionoftraditionalChinesemedicinewereaddedtotheRepresentativeListoftheIntangibleCulturalHeritageofHumanitybytheUNESCO.Presently,TCMhasbeenbackinthenewsforitseffectivenessinimprovingthecurerateoftheCOVID­19sinceitsoutbreakinJanuary2020.文章大意：本文首先介绍了中医独特的理论和疗法，随后指出中医正在获得世界范围内的认可，且因其在提高新冠肺炎治愈率上的有效性而重新出现在新闻中。28．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“It”inParagraph3referto？BA．TCM. B．Acupuncture.C．Yin­Yangbalance. D．Moxibustion.〖解析〗考查理解词汇的能力。第三段第一句讲的是针刺疗法的相关内容，根据语境可知，此处表示针刺疗法经常伴随灸法，故It指的是Acupuncture。故选B。29．WhatcanwelearnaboutTheYellowEmperor'sInnerCanonfromthetext？DA．Itdistinguishesacupuncturefrommoxibustion.B．It'safoundationofworldmedicalresearch.C．Itstressestheimportanceofusingacupoints.D．ItgreatlybooststhedevelopmentofTCM.〖解析〗考查推断的能力。根据第四段内容可知，第一部明确谈到针刺疗法和灸法的文献就是《黄帝内经》，它是最早和最重要的中医书面著作，并被认为是中国最具代表性的医学文本。故选D“它极大地促进了中医的发展。”30．Whatisthewriter'spurposeofwritingthepassage？AA．TointroduceTCMtotheworld.B．ToreviewthedevelopmentofTCM.C．TotellTCMandWesternmedicineapart.D．TocommentonTCMinfightingCOVID­19.〖解析〗考查理解目的的能力。文章前半部分介绍了中医独特的理论和疗法，后面说中医逐渐受到世界范围内的认可，由此可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是向人介绍中医。故选A。31．Whatmightbetalkedaboutintheparagraphfollowingthetext？CA．WhyTCMgetsrecognitionfromWHO.B．WhyTCMisgainingpopularity.C．HowTCMhelpsinthecurrentsituation.D．HowothercountriesadoptTCMwell.〖解析〗考查推断的能力。由最后一段最后一句可知，自2020年1月新冠肺炎疫情爆发以来，因其在提高治愈率上的成效，中医再次出现在新闻当中，故可推知下面一段内容将围绕中医如何帮助解决目前情况而展开。故选C。D(2021·山东部分重点中学高三第一次综合考试)LovethewayyouwalkListencarefullytothefootsteps,andyoucanworkoutwhoiswalking.Thefeaturescommonlyusedtoidentifypeoplearefacesandfingerprints.Butthewaytheywalkisalsoagiveaway.Researchershaveusedvideocamerasandcomputerstoanalyzepeople'sgaits(步态).Buttranslatingsuchknowledgeintoapracticalidentificationsystemcanbetricky.Camerasareoftenvisible,requiregoodlightingandmayhavetheirviewblockedbyotherpeople.AteamledbyDr.OzanyanandDr.Scullyhavebeenlookingforabetterwaytorecognizegaits.Theiranswer:pressure­sensitivemats.Suchmatsarenothingnew.Theyhavebeenpartofsecuritysystems.ButOzanyanandScullyuseacomplicatedversionthatcanrecordtheamountofpressureappliedindifferentplacesassomeonewalksacrossit.Theresearchersturntoanartificialintelligencesystemtorecognizesuchpatterns.Inastudyin2018,theytestedthesystemonadatabaseoffootstepsof127people.Theyfounditserrorrateinidentifyingwhowaswhowasamere0.7%.AndScullysaysevenwithoutadatabaseoffootsteps,thesystemcandeterminesomeone'ssexandasubject'sage.Oneapplicationofthemat­basedgait­recognitionsystemmightbeinhealthcare,particularlyfortheelderly.Amatplacedinanursinghomeoranoldperson'sownresidencecouldmonitorchangesinanindividual'sgaitthatindicatecertainillnesses.Thatwouldprovideearlywarningofsomeonebeingatgreaterriskoffallingover.Gaitanalysismightalsobeusedasasecuritymeasureintheworkplace,monitoringaccesstorestrictedareas,suchaspartsofmilitarybases,serverfarmsorlaboratoriesdealingwithdangerousmaterials.Perhapsthemostinterestinguseofthemats,though,wouldbeinpublicplaces,suchasairports.文章大意：脸和指纹常被用来识别人，其实人们走路的方式也可以用来识别人。本文介绍了通过人的步态识别人的“压力感应垫”的工作原理以及使用前景等。32．WhatismainlytalkedaboutinParagraph2？BA．Researchequipment. B．Researchbackground.C．Researchassumptions. D．Researchfindings.〖解析〗考查理解段落主旨要义的能力。通读第二段可知，该段说明研究人员使用过摄像机和电脑来分析人们的步态，但由于受光线和视线等因素的影响，摄像机使用很不方便。因此Dr.Ozanyan和Dr.Scully带领的团队一直在寻找一种更好的步态识别方法，并给出〖答案〗压力感应垫。据此可知，第二段介绍了“压力感应垫”的研究背景。故B项正确。33．Whatisthematusedfor？AA．Collectingdata. B．Ensuringsafety.C．Determiningage. D．Analyzingpressure.〖解析〗考查理解具体信息的能力。根据第三段第三句“ButOzanyanandScullyuseacomplicatedversionthatcanrecordtheamountofpressureappliedindifferentplacesassomeonewalksacrossit.”可知，当人们走过时，这种垫子可以记录在不同地方施加的压力数据；据此可知，垫子是用来搜集压力数据的。故A项正确。34．Whatmightthegait­recognitionsystembeappliedto？BA．Monitoringsecurityworkprogress.B．Detectingpotentialhealthproblems.C．Keepingtrackoftravellingfrequency.D．Warningpassengersofpossibledangers.〖解析〗考查理解具体信息的能力。根据尾段，尤其是该段第二、三句可知，这种垫子用在养老院或老人家里可以监测老人步态变化，从而为人们提供某些疾病的早期预警。故B项正确。35．Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage？DA．Tocomparedifferentwaystoidentifypeople.B．Toshowpeopletheimportanceoftechnology.C．Topersuadepeopletobuythemat.D．Toinformpeopleofsomethingaboutpressure­sensitivemats.〖解析〗考查理解目的的能力。通读全文可知，本文介绍了一种通过人的步态来识别人的“压力感应垫”；文章重点介绍了”压力感应垫”的工作原理以及使用前景等。据此可知，D项正确。第二节阅读七选五(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。(2021·惠州市高三第一次调研)Howdoyouwakeupinthemorning?Ifyousetanalarmonyourphoneorclockthatsoundslikethis:beep­beep­beep,thathard,unpleasantsoundmaybemakingithardertoshakeoffthesleepyfeelinginthemorningknownasgrogginess(昏昏沉沉).36.C？Arecentstudysaysyes.Theanswerismusic.Researcherssayalarmsthathaveamelodycanhelppeoplefeelfresherinthemorning.Thestudy,carriedoutbyresearchersinAustralia,involved50people.Theyansweredquestionsaboutthealarmsoundtheyliketowakeupto.37.G.Sleepinertia(惯性)isanothertermforgrogginess.38.F，andhastroublegettingmovingagainaftersleeping.Peopleneedtobetterunderstandsleepinertia'sharmfuleffectsonhumanperformancelaterintheday.Thegrogginesswemayfeelinthemorningusuallylastsforupto30minutes,butsomemaylastfromtwotofourhours.Noteveryonewillexperiencethefulleffect.39.E，especiallywhentheyperformdutiesthatrequireatopperformancewithinthisperiodorforpeoplewhoworkindangeroussituationsshortlyaftertheywake.So,whatmakesmusicalalarmsbetterforwakingup?40.A.A．PossiblythedifferenttonesinitB．Simplythesinglesoundof“beeping”C．So,isthereabetterwaytowakeupD．So,whatisabetterwaytowakeupE．Butforthosewhodo,careshouldbetakenF．ItmeansapersonhasaheavyfeelingwhenwakingupG．Theyalsoexpressedhowtheyfeelaboutthatsoundandhowtheyfeelwhentheywakeup文章大意：研究人员发现，更容易让人早上感到清醒的不是手机设置的令人讨厌的“嘟嘟”声，而是美妙的音乐声。〖解析〗36．考查上下文衔接。根据下文“Arecentstudysaysyes.Theanswerismusic.”以及空后的问号可知，空处为一问句且为一般疑问句，内容承接上文提及的手机嘟嘟声难以让人甩掉早上昏昏沉沉的感觉的内容，故此处问的是有没有更好的叫醒方式。故C项正确。37．考查上下文衔接。由前一句“Theyansweredquestionsaboutthealarmsoundtheyliketowakeupto.”可知，参加研究者回答了关于他们想要醒来时伴随的铃声的问题。据此可以判断，与该句中的sound呼应，空处应说明他们还表达了自己对这种声音的感受以及醒来后的感受。故G项正确。38．考查上下文衔接。根据该句后半句“andhastroublegettingmovingagainaftersleeping”并结合语境可推知，此处应是解释什么是grogginess(昏昏沉沉)。故F项“它意味着在醒来时，人们会有沉重的感觉”与此处匹配。39．考查上下文衔接。上文提到不是所有人都会经历整个影响过程，结合下文可推断，空处讲述经历该过程的人应该如何应对。下文中的forpeople和E项中的forthose相呼应。故E项正确。40．考查上下文衔接。根据空前的问句“So，whatmakesmusicalalarmsbetterforwakingup？”可知，空处应是回答该问题；结合上文和常识可知，音乐闹钟更适合唤醒可能是因为它有不同的音调。故选A。第三部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。(2021·黑龙江省哈六中高三期中)Abeggarwassleepinginthedoorwayofafruitshop.Theshopowner,whofeltangry,walkeduptohimand41.Dhimtogoawayinarudemanner,butthebeggardidnotseemto42.Chimandlaystillthere.Theshopownergotmuch43.A，yellingthathewasabeggarindisguiseand44.Bcheatedpassers­byformoneybymakinguseoftheirkindness.Atthattime,itwasthebusiestmomentofadayandthemarketwas45.Awithshoppers.Theyallblamedthebeggarfor46.B.Showingfear,thebeggar47.Ahisfaceinanoldblanket.Whathereceivedwasbitter48.Cratherthanhelp.Thenextmorning,itwasdrizzling.Anoldman,whowenttothemarketearly,foundthebeggar49.Dontheground.Hewokethebeggarupand50.Daskedwhetherhewascoldornot,butthebeggarmadeno51.B.Thentheoldman52.Chishandsgently,sayingthattheyfelt53.A.Withthesewords,heranhomeinahurry,returnedwithapileof54.B，pickedoutasweaterandurgedthebeggarto55.Ditonagainandagain.Seeingwhathappened,manyotherpassers­bysurroundedthebeggarandgavehimchangeoneafteranother,showing56.Bforhim.Itwasnotlongbeforethebeggarreceivedahandfulof57.A.Inmanycasesourbehaviormayhaveagreat58.Conthepeoplearoundusbecausetheytendto59.Dus.Therefore,weshouldpayspecialattentiontowhatwedoandsay,tryingtoinfectotherswithpositivewordsinsteadof60.Cones.文章大意：这是一篇记叙文。本文的作者主要通过讲述面对一个乞丐，店主和老人采取了不同的行动而取得了不同的效果，说明了人们的行动会对周围的人产生很大影响，因此，我们应该特别注意我们所做的和所说的，尽量用积极的话去感染别人，而不是消极的话。41．A.persuaded B．encouragedC．expected D．ordered〖解析〗考查动词词义辨析。句意：店主很生气，走到他面前，粗鲁地命令他走开，但乞丐似乎没有听到他的话，躺在那里一动不动。A.persuaded说服；B.encouraged鼓励；C．expected期望；D.ordered命令。根据后文“himtogoawayinarudemanner”可知，店主是粗鲁地命令这个乞丐走开。故选D。42．A.approach B．speakC．hear D．agree〖解析〗考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.approach接近；B.speak讲话；C.hear听到；D.agree同意。结合后文“himandlaystillthere”可知，虽然上文店主粗鲁地命令乞丐走开，但是乞丐像是没听见(hear)一样继续躺在那里。故选C。43．A.angrier B．happierC．sadder D．moreworried〖解析〗考查形容词词义辨析。句意：店老板更生气了，大叫着说他是假扮的乞丐，只是为了利用路人的善良骗钱。A.angrier更生气的；B.happier更幸福的；C.sadder更悲伤的；D.moreworried更担心的。结合上文“Theshopowner,whofeltangry”可知，店主本来就对乞丐跑到自己门口睡觉很生气，命令乞丐走他却一动不动，让店主更加生气了。故选A。44．A.still B．onlyC．never D．indeed〖解析〗考查副词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.still更；B.only只是，仅仅；C.never从不；D.indeed的确。根据后文“cheatedpassers­byformoney”可知，店主说他假扮乞丐只是(only)为了骗路人的钱。故选B。45．A.crowded B．coveredC．provided D．equipped〖解析〗考查动词词义辨析。句意：那时是一天中最繁忙的时刻，市场上挤满了购物者。A.crowded挤满；B.covered覆盖；C.provided提供；D.equipped装备。根据上文“itwasthebusiestmomentofaday”可知，那时是一天中最繁忙的时刻，由此推知，那时市场上挤满了来购物的人。becrowdedwith“挤满”。故选A。46．A.laziness B．dishonestyC．inability D．mistake〖解析〗考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们都指责那个乞丐不诚实。A.laziness懒惰；B.dishonesty不诚实；C.inability无能；D.mistake错误。根据第一段中“cheatedpassers­byformoney”可知，店主说这个人是假扮乞丐来骗钱，所以大家都指责他不诚实。故选B。47．A.buried B．raisedC．closed D．bent〖解析〗考查动词词义辨析。句意：乞丐惊恐地把脸埋在一张旧毯子里。A.buried埋葬；B.raised提升；C.closed关闭；D.bent弯腰。根据后文“hisfaceinanoldblanket”可知，此处指把脸埋在旧毯子里应用buryone’sfacein。故选A。48．A.admiration B．curiosityC．scold D．praise〖解析〗考查名词词义辨析。句意：他得到的是尖刻的责骂，而不是帮助。A.admiration羡慕；B.curiosity好奇；C.scold责备；D.praise表扬。根据上文“Theyallblamedthebeggar”可知，乞丐得到的是大家的责骂。故选C。49．A.crying B．eatingC．playing D．sleeping〖解析〗考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个老人很早就去了市场，发现乞丐睡在地上。A.crying哭泣；B.eating吃；C.playing玩耍；D.sleeping睡觉。结合上文“Thenextmorning,itwasdrizzling.Anoldman,whowenttothemarketearly”可知，老人早上很早就去了市场，由此推知，他发现乞丐睡在地上，其他选项不符合语境。故选D。50．A.loudly B．rudelyC．firmly D．kindly〖解析〗考查副词词义辨析。句意：他叫醒了乞丐，亲切地问他冷不冷，但乞丐没有回答。A.loudly大声地；B.rudely粗暴地；C.firmly认真地；D.kindly亲切地。根据后文“askedwhetherhewascoldornot”可知，老人问乞丐冷不冷，对乞丐态度亲切。故选D。51．A.comment B．answerC．introduction D．bet〖解析〗考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.comment评论；B.answer回答；C.introduction介绍；D.bet打赌。结合上文“askedwhetherhewascoldornot,butthebeggarmadeno”可知，but表示转折，说明乞丐没有回答老人的话。故选B。52．A.lifted B．kissedC．held D．threw〖解析〗考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后老人温柔地握着他的手，说他的手很冷。A.lifted举起；B.kissed亲吻；C.held举行，握住；D.threw扔。结合后文“hishandsgently”可知，老人温柔地握着(held)乞丐的手。故选C。53．A.freezing B．warmC．sleepy D．comfortable〖解析〗考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A.freezing极冷的；B.warm温暖的；C.sleepy昏昏欲睡的；D.comfortable舒适的。根据上文乞丐在市场的地上睡觉，以及后文老人给乞丐拿来了衣服，由此推知，乞丐的手是冰的，乞丐很冷。故选A。54．A.books B．clothesC．pictures D．money〖解析〗考查名词词义辨析。句意：说完，他匆匆跑回了家，回来时拿着一堆衣服，挑了一件毛衣，一遍又一遍地催促乞丐穿上。A.books书；B.clothes衣服；C.pictures图画；D.money金钱。结合后文“pickedoutasweater”可知，老人从家里拿来了衣服给乞丐。故选B。55．A.show B．takeC．get D．put〖解析〗考查动词短语辨析。句意同上。A.showon显示；B.takeon承担，呈现；C.geton上车；D.puton穿上。结合上文“pickedoutasweaterandurgedthebeggarto”可知，老人挑出一件毛衣，催促乞丐穿上，此处为短语putsth.on“穿上”。故选D。56．A.respect B．pityC．affection D．appreciation〖解析〗考查名词词义辨析。句意：看到发生的一切，许多路人围住了乞丐，纷纷给他零钱，表示同情。A.respect尊重；B.pity同情；C.affection喜爱；D.appreciation欣赏，感激。结合上文路人都给乞丐零钱可推知，路人都对乞丐表示同情。故选B。57．A.coins B．foodC．fruit D．sand〖解析〗考查名词词义辨析。句意：不久，乞丐就得到了一把硬币。A.coins硬币；B.food食物；C.fruit水果；D.sand沙子。结合上文“gavehimchange”可推知，乞丐得到了一把硬币。故选A。58．A.change B．viewC．effect D．impression〖解析〗考查名词词义辨析。句意：在很多情况下，我们的行为可能会对我们周围的人产生很大的影响，因为他们倾向于模仿我们。A.change“改变”；B.view“观点”；C.effect“影响”；D.impression“印象”。上文的故事是想告诉我们，我们的行为会对周围的人产生很大的影响，短语haveagreateffectonsb.“对某人有很大影响”。故选C。59