2023年职称英语等级考试全真模拟试题第三套

2023全国职称英语等级考试全真模拟试题.理工类_A级（三）

一、词汇选项（共15题，共15.。分）

下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请从每个句子背

面所给欧I4个选项中选择1个与划线部分意义最相近日勺词或短语。答案一律涂在

答题卡对应的位置上。

1.Laserbeamscanbeusedtoboremetalsandotherhardmateria1s.

[A]trim[B]melt[C]drill[D]slice

2.ThecostofelectionsintheUnitedStatesisbornebyboththeg

overnmentandtheprivatesector.

[A]known[B]fought[C]exposed[D]assumed

3.Acknowledgedasthemaincauseofhayfeverthepollenofragweedisvery

bothersome.

[A]intriguing[B]annoying[C]potent[D]significant

4.Theygotinquiteabrawl.

[A]snit[B]fight[C]ba11y[D]littering

5.Byprovidinglegalrepresentation,theAmericanCivi1LibertiesUnion

workstodefendcitizensagainstbreachesoftheircivilrights.

[A]branches[B]exercises[C]perusals[D]violations

6.Thefirststepinplanningamarketingstrategyforanewproductisto

analyzetheb「eakdownofsalesfiguresforcompetitiveproducts.

•[A]decreasein[B]reorderingof[C]itemizationo

f[D]coIlapsein

7.Thebricklayerisworkingonthehousetoday.

•[A]carpenter[B]plumber[C]electrician[D]mason

8.Brilliant1ycoloredflowersattractinsects.

•[A]Delicately[B]Sensibly[C]Harmonious1y[D]Brightly

9.Onthebrinkofmatrimony,hefledtoadesertisland.

•[A]ship[B]proposal[C]edge[D]evasion

10.Definedmostbroadly,folk1oreincludesa11thecustoms,beliefsan

dtraditionsthatpeoplehavehandeddownfromgenerationtogeneration.

•[A]faneifully[B]liberally[C]quaintly[D]dry1y

11.MariaChapman,abolitionistandc1oseassociateofWi11iamL1oyedGarr

ison,wrotemanybrochurescondemningsiavery.

•[A]slogans[B]shortpoems[C]sentiments[D]shortpam

phiets

12.It'sevidentthatherhand1ingofthemhasbruisedthepeaches.

•[A]promulgated[B]infatuated[C]damaged[D]infuriate

13.Messalina'snamehasbeeomeabywordfornotoriousbehavior.

•[A]anepithet[B]anabstraction[C]anindication[D]an

oration

14.ThecaliberofF.ScottFitzgerald,swritingwasreassessedby1iterarycri

ticsinthe1950's.

•[A]idealism[B]creativity[C]quality[D]imagery

15.Peop1efishingonalakemustwaitcalmlysoasnottoscarethefish

away.

•[A]considerately[B]hungri1y[C]alertly[D]quietly

二、阅读判断（共7题，共7.0分）

阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。假如该

句提供的是对口勺信息，请在答题卡上把A涂黑；假如该句提供的|是错误信息,请在答题卡上

把B涂黑；假如该句的信息在文章中没有提及，请在答题卡上把C涂黑。

LearningDisorder-Dyslexia

Asmanyas20%ofal1chi1drenintheUnitedStates

sufferfromsomeformofthelearningdisorderca11eddyslexia,AE

xpertsondyslexiasaythattheprob1emisnotadisease.Theysay

thatpersonswithdyslexiauseinformationinadifferentway.

Oneoftheworld,sgreatthinkersandscientistsAlbertEinstein

wasdyslexic.Einsteinsaidthatheneverthoughtinwordstheway

thatmostpeopledo.Hesaidthathethoughtinpicturesinstead.

TheAmericaninventorThomasEdisonwasalsodyslexic.Dys1ex

iafirstwasrecognizedinEuropeandtheUnitedStatesmoret

han80yearsago.Manyyearspassedbeforedoctorsdiscoveredt

hatpersonswiththedisorderwerenotmentallyslowor

disabled.Thedoctorsfoundthatthebrainsofpersonswith

dyslexiaaredifferent.Inmostpeopie,theleftsideofthebrain-the

partthatcontro1slanguage-is1argerthantherightside.Inper

sonswithdyslexia,therightsideofthebrainis

bigger.Doctorsarenotsurewhatcausesthisdifference.However,

researchhasshownthatdyslexiaismorecommoninmalesthaninf

emales,anditisfoundmoreofteninpersonswhoareleft-handed.

Nooneknowsthecauseofdyslexia,butsomescientistsbelievethati

tmayresuitfromchemicalchangesinababyTsbodylongbefo

reitisborn.Theyaretryingtofindwaystoteachpersonswithd

yslexiaDyslexicpersonsthinkdifferentlyandneedspecialkindso

fteachinghelp.Aftertheyhavesolvedtheirprob1emswith

language,theyoftenshowthemseIvestobeespeciallyintelligentor

ereative.

16OneoutoffiveAmericanchi1drensuffersfromdys1exia.

[A]Right[B]Wrong[C]Notmentioned

17.Manygreatthinkersandscientistsintheworldaredysl

exic.

•[A]Right[B]Wrong[C]Notmentioned

18.ThefirstcasesofdyslexiainEuropewerediscoveredlessth

anacenturyago.

•[A]Right[B]Wrong[C]Notmentioned

19.The1eftsideofthebraininadyslexicpersonisbiggertha

ntherightside.

•[A]Right[B]Wrong[C]Notmentioned

20.Generallyspeaking,dyslexiaismorecommoninleft-handedm

alesthaninright-handedfema1es.

•[A]Right[B]Wrong[C]Notmentioned

21.Itisbe1ievedthatdyslexiaisrelatedtothebadhabits

ofababsmother.

•[A]Right[B]Wrong[C]Notmentioned

22.Dyslexicpeop1eoftenturnouttobeinte1ligentorcreati

veoncetheyhavelearnedtohandlelanguageproperly.

•[A]Right[B]Wrong[C]Notmentioned

三、概括大意与完毕句子（共8题，共8.0分）

阅读下面这篇短文,短文后有2项测试任务：（1）第23〜26题规定从所给的6个选项中为第

1〜4段每段选择1个对的的小标题；（2）第27〜30题规定从所给的6个选项中选择4个对

的选项,分别完毕每个句子。请将答案涂在答题卡对应的位置上。

HowtoLearnLanguageSuccessfu11y

1Somepeopleseemtohaveaknackforlearning1anguages.

Theycanpickupnewvocabulary,masterrulesorgrammar,and1earnt

owriteinthenew1anguagemorequicklythanothers.Theydonot

seemtobeanymoreinte11igentthanothers,sowhatmakeslanguage

learningsomucheasierforthem?Perhapsifwetakeac1oselo

okatthesesuccessfullanguagelearners,wemaydiscoverafewo

fthetechniqueswhichmakelanguage1earningeasierforthem.

2Firstofall,successfullanguage1earnersareindependent

learners.Theydonotdependonthebookortheteacher；theydi

scovertheirownwaytolearnthelanguage.Insteadofwaitingforthe

teachertoexplain,theytrytofindthepatternsandtherule

sforthemseIves.Theyaregoodguesterswholookforcluesand

formtheirownconclusions.Whentheyguesswrong,they

guessagain.Theytrytolearnfrommistakes.3-ASUCCessful1angu

agelearningisactive1earning.Therefore,successfu11earnersd

onotwaitforachancetousethelanguage;they1ookforsuch

achance.Theyfindpeop1ewhospeakthelanguageandtheyaskthes

epeopletocorrectthemwhentheymakeamistake.Theywi11

tryanythingtocommunicate.Theyarenotafraidtorepeatwhat

theyhearortosaystrangethings;theyarewillingtomakemistakes

andtryagain.Whencommunicationisdifficult,theycanacceptinfo

rmationthatisinexactorincomplete.Itismoreimportantfor

themtolearntothinkinthe1anguagethantoknowthem

eaningofeveryworid.-^4Fina1ly,successful1anguage1earne

rsarelearnerswithapurpose.Theywanttolearnthelangu

agebecausetheyareinterestedinthelanguageandthepeopiew

hospeakit.Itisnecessaryforthemtolearnthe1anguageinorderto

communicatewiththesepeopleandtolearnfromthem.Theyfind

iteasytopracticeusingthe1anguageregularlybecausetheywant

to1earnwithit.

5Whatkindof1anguagelearnerareyou?Ifyouareasuccessfu

1language1earner,youhaveprobablybeenlearningindependentl

y,actively,andpurposefu11y.Ontheotherhand,ifyourlan

guage1earninghasbeenlessthansuecessfu1,youmightaswe11

trysomeofthetechniquesoutlinedabove.

23Paragraph1

24.Paragraph2

25.Paragraph3

26.Paragraph4

•[A]WaystoLearnaLanguageSuccessfu1ly

•[B]LearningaLanguagePurposefu11y

•[C]LearningaLanguageActively

•[D]LearningaLanguageIndependently

•[E]LearningfromMistakes

•[F]LearningtoThinkintheTargetLanguage

27.Successful1anguage1earnersderiveconelusions

28.Independent1anguage1earnersrelyonthemselves

29.Active1anguagelearnersseizeeveryopportunity

30.Theauthorwrotethistext

[A]todiscoversenteneepatternsandgrammatica1rules

[B]toexpandvocabu1ary

[C]tousethetarget1anguage

[D]toencourageunsuccessfu1language1earnerstolearni

ndependent1y,activelyandpurposefully

•[E]fromclues

•[F]tosaystrangethings

四、阅读理解（共15题，共45.0分）

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每题背面有4个选项。请仔细阅读短文并根据短文

回答其背面的问题，从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案涂在答题卡对应的位置上。

RenewableEnergySources

Todaypetroleumprovidesaround40%oftheworld'senergy

needs,mostiyfuellingautomobiles.Coalissti11used,mostlyin

powerstations,tocoverone-quarterofourenergyneeds,butit

istheleastefficient,unhea1thiestandmostenvironmentally

damagingfossilfuel.NaturalgasreservescouIdplugsomeofthe

gapfromoi1,butreservesofthatwil1notlastintothe22ndcent

uryeither.Mostexpertspredictwewillexhausteasilyacces

siblereserveswithin50years.Wecouldfastreachanenergycris

is.Weneedtorapid1ydevelopsustainableso1utionstofuelourfu

ture.Less-poilutingrenewableenergysourcesofferamorep

ractica1long-termenergysolution.Theymaybenefittheworl

d'spoortoo."Renewable“referstothefactthattheseresou

rcesarenotusedfasterthantheycanberep1aced.aTheChi

neseandRomansusedwatermillsover2023yearsago.Butthef

irsthydroelectriedamwasbuiltinEnglandin1870.Hydroe1e

ctriepowerisnowthemostcommonformofrenewab1eenergy,supplyin

garound20%ofworIdelectricity.China'sThreeGorgesDam,

whichhasjustbeencompleted,isthelargestever.Atfivetimest

hesizeoftheUS'sHooverDam,its26turbineswillgeneratet

heequivalentenergyof18coa1-firedpowerstations.Itwi11sa

tisfy3%ofChina,sentireelectricitydemand.Surprisingly,s

omearguethathydroelectricdamssignificant1ycontributegreen

housegases.

In2023,thefirstcommercia1powerstationtoharness

tidalcurrentsintheopenseaopenedinNorway.Itisdesigned

likewindmill,butotherstaketheformofturbines.AASp

ricesfall,windpowerhasbecomethefastestgrowingtype

ofe1ectricitygeneration-quadruplingworldwidebetween1999and

2023.Modernwindfarmsconsistofturbinesthatgenerateelec

tricity.Thoughitwi11bemoreexpensive,thereismorethan

enoughwindtoprovidetheworld,entireenergyneeds.Windf

armscomeinonshoreandoffshoreforms.Theycanoftenendupatsp

otsofnatura1beauty,andareoftenunpopularwithresident

s.Andturbinesarenottotallybenign一theycaninterferewith

radarand1eaveasignificanteco1ogicalfootprint,a1tering

climateandkillingseabirds.Migratingbirdsmayhavemoreluckav

oidingthemScotlandisbuildingEuropeJslargestwindfarm,

whichwillpower200,000homes.TheUK'sgoalistogenerateone

—fifthofpowerfromrenewablesources,main1ywind,by2023.Bu

tthismaycauseprob1ems,becausewindisunreliab1e.

31.Whataretheenergyresourcesthatarenotrenewableaccording

tothearticle?

•[A]Petroleumandcoal.

•[B]Naturalgas.

•[C]Windandwater.

•[D]AandB.

32.China'sThreeGorgesDam

•[A]isthefirsthydroelectricdamintheworid.

•[B]isofthesamesizeoftheUS'sHooverDam.

•[C]isthelargestofa11thehydroe1ectricdamsinthew

orid.

[D]suppliesaround20%oftheworldelectricity.

33.Whichisthecountrywiththefirstcommercialpowerstationt

hatmakesuseofoceancurrentsproducedbytides.

•[A]China.

•[B]Norway.

•[C]England.

•[D]America.

34.Whichofthefoilowingstatementsistrueofwindpower?

•[A]Thereispientyofwindtoprovidetheworld'sent

ireenergyneeds.

•[B]Itisthemostrapid1ygrowingtypeofelectricityproducti

on.

•[C]Itmaynotbereliab1e.

•[D]Alloftheabove.

35.Accordingtotheartic1e,resourcessuchaswind

•[A]aresustainab1ebutnotrep1aceable.

•[B]arerenewablesosustainable.

•[C]aresustainablesorenewable.

•[D]areirrep1aceable.

ImmigrationandProblems

Hundredsofthousandsofpeoplesupportingimmigrationri

ghtsintheUSfilledstreetsalloverAmericainearly202

3.ManyheldsignsandAmericanflagsandaskedtobetreatedasc

itizens-notcriminaIs.Manyofthesesupported1egis1ation

fromSenatorJohnMcCainthatwouldopenapathtocitizenshipt

oimmigrantswhowerealreadyinthecountryillegaily.Proposed

legislationfromotherpoliticianscalledforstrictermeasur

es-includingroundingupundocumentedimmigrantsandsendingth

embacktotheirhomecountries,aCanadianofficia1s

saythatimmigrationapp1icationscontinuetorise.Somewantto

keepthedoorsopen.Theyneedthelabor.About400,000immigrants

werea11owedintothecountryin2023,accordingtotheCanadian

Governmentstatistics.However,a11thisgrowthmeansthatciti

esneedtoadapt.Newcomersdon'taIwaysmakeasmoothtransi

tionintojobsforwhichtheyareskilled.Soindustriesareus

ingmentoringprogramstohelpnewimmigrantsfindproperjo

bs.

WiththelargenumbersofundocumentedAfricanimmigrants

arrivingintheCanaryIsiandsandshowingnosignofabating,t

heSpanishGovernmenthasdecidedtogettough.Therewi11benom

oremassamnestiesforillegal,andanyonecomingtoSpainwithout

permissionwillbesentback,thegovernmenthasannounced.Abo

ut23,000migrants1andedontheislandsin2023,andriots

haveeruptedinsomecrowdedreceptioncenters.Thishaspromoted

localauthoritiestoappea1totheUnitedNationsforhel

J

p.AFrancesnewimmigrationandintegration1awgiv

esthegovernmentnewpowerstoencouragehigh-skilledmigration.

Ittakeseffectin2023.Thenewlawauthorizesthegovernmentt

oidentifyparticu1arprofessionswhereFraneehasata1ent

shortage.Thenthegovernmentwillhelptheseidentifiedemp

1oyersfindimmigrantworkerswithneededski11sorqualific

ations.Theselectedforeignemp1oyeeswillbegranted'ski

1Isandta1ents,visas,validforthreeyears.Butsomeconcern

thatit,11causebraindrainindevelopingcountries.

36.ManyimmigrantsswarmedintostreetsintheUSinearly2023,d

emandingthattheyshou1dbetreatedas.

•[A]anima1s[B]citizens[C]civilians[D]crimina1s

37.SomeCanadianofficialswanttokeepthedooropenbeca

use.

•[A]Canadaisindesperateneedoftalentedpeopie

•[B]Canadacanfeedamuchlargerpopulation

•[C]Canadaissufferingfromlaborshortage

•[D]Canadaisamu1ticulturalcountry

38.WhathastheSpanishGovernmentdecidedtodo?

•[A]Heipimmigrantsfindproperjobs.

•[B]Letimmigrantsfreelyenterthecountry.

•[C]IntegrateimmigrantsintotheSpanishculture.

•[D]Taketoughmeasuresagainsti11ega1immigration.

39.AfterFrance'snewimmigrationandintegrationlaw

takeseffect,itwi11.

•[A]lureoverseasstudentsbackhome

•[B]underminetheunityofthecountry

•[C]draindevelopingcountriesoftalent

•[D]indueeresentmentamongtheFrenchworkers

40.Thephrasalverbroundingupinparagraph1couldbebe

strep1acedby・

•[A]capturing

•[B]encircling

•[C]separating

•[D]frightening

AntsHaveBigImpactonEnvironmentas“EcosystemEngineers”aRe

searchbytheUniversityofExeterhasrevealedthatantshavea

bigimpactontheirlocalenvironmentasaresultoftheiracti

vityas“ecosystemengineers”andpredators.Thestudy,pub1ished

intheJournalofAnimalEcology,foundthatantshavetwodistincte

ffectsontheir1oca1environment.^Firstly,throughmoving

ofsoilbynestbuiIdingactivityandbycollectingfoodthey

affectthelevelofnutrientsinthesoil.Thiscanindirectlyim

pactthe1oca1popu1ationsofmanyanimalgroups,fromdecomp

oserstospeciesmuchhigherupthefoodchain.ASecond1y,th

eypreyonawiderangeofotheranimals,inc1udinglargerpreyw

hichcanbeattaekedbyvastnumbersofantworkers.

DirkSanders,anauthorofthestudyfromtheuniversity,sC

entreforEcologyandConservation,said："Antsareveryeffect

ivepredatorswhichthriveinhugenumbers.They,realsoveryt

erritorialandveryaggressive,defendingtheirresourcesand

territoryagainstotherpredators.Al1ofthismeanstheyh

aveastronginfluenceontheirsurroundingarea."A"Inthisresea

rch,westudiedforthefirsttimehowbigthisimpactisandthesu

btletiesofit.Whatwefoundisthatdespitebeingpredator

s,theirpresencecanaIsoleadtoanincreaseindensityandd

iversityofotheranima1groups.Theygenuinelyplayakeyr

oleinthelocalenvironment,havingabiginfluenceonthegras

slandfoodweb,“Sanderssaid.

Thestudy,carriedoutinGermany,studiedtheimpactofthepre

senceofdifferentcombinationsanddensitiesofblackgarden

antsandcommonredants,bothspecieswhichcanbefoundacross

Europe,includingintheUK.Itfoundthata1owdensityof

antsinanareaincreasedthediversityanddensityofother

animalsintheloca1area,particularlythedensityofherb

ivoresanddecomposers.Athigherdensitiesantshadnoorthe

oppositeeffect,showingthatpredationiscounteractingthepositive

influence.

DrFrankvanVeen,anotherauthoronthestudy,said:aWhatwe

findisthattheimpactofantsonsoi1nutrientleve1shasapos

itiveeffectonanimalgroupsatlow1evels,butasthenumberofa

ntsincreases,theirpredatoryimpactshavethebiggereffect

—therebycounteractingthepositiveinfluenceviaecosysteme

ngineering.”

Antsareimportantcomponentsofecosystemsnotonlybecausethe

yconstituteagreatpartoftheanima1biomassbutalsobecau

setheyactasecosystemengineers.Antbiodiversity6isincredibly

highandtheseorganismsarehighlyresponsivetohumanimpact,whic

hobvious1yreducesitsrichness.However,itisnotclearh

owsuehdisturbancedamagesthemaintenanceofantservicesto

theecosystem.Antsareimportantinbe1owgroundprocessesthro

ughthea1terationofthephysica1andchemicalenvironmenta

ndthroughtheireffectsonplants,microorganisms,andother

soi1organisms.

41.Whyareantscomparedtoecosystemengineers?

•[A]Becausetheycollectfood.

•[B]Becausetheybuildtheirownnests.

•[C]Becausetheyarepredators.

•[D]Becausetheiractivityaffectstheenvironment.

42.Aspredators,ants

•[A]collectfoodasdecomposers.

•[B]preyonsmallaswe11aslargeanimals.

•[C]collectnutritiousfoodfromthesoil

•[D]preyonspeciesmuchhigherupthefoodchain.

43.DirSanders'studycenteredonhowants

•[A]producesuchabigimpactontheenvironment.

•[B]attackthoseinvadinganimaIsforsurvival.

•[C]canmanagetothriveinhugenumbers.

[D]def