初升高英语暑假衔接第08讲 Welcome Unit 核心单词知识句型 （教师版）

第08讲WelcomeUnit目标1掌握重点单词和词块的用法。目标2认识并运用重点句型。核心单词讲解1.exchangen.交换；交流vt.交换；交流；交易；兑换●inexchangefor交换anexchangestudent一名交换生●exchange...for…用……来交换……exchangesthwithsb与某人交换某物designn.设计；设计方案；意图vt.设计；筹划●bedesignedfor为……而设计bedesignedtodosth目的是做某事●bydesign有意地，故意地●designern.设计者【联想】表示“故意与偶然”的词语小结∶故意地∶①bydesign②onpurpose③deliberately偶然地∶①bychance②byaccident③accidentallyanxiousadj.焦虑的；不安的●beanxiousabout/for为……担心/担忧beanxioustodosth渴望做某事●anxietyn.担心焦虑渴望withanxiety焦虑地●anxiouslyadv.焦虑地eg.IwastoldtheLearningCentreprovideshelpforstudentsandI'manxioustogethelpfromyou.（求助信）我被告知辅导中心可以给学生提供帮助，我急于想从您那儿得到一些帮助。annoyedadj.恼怒的；生气的（angry）●beannoyedwithsb对某人感到生气beannoyedat/aboutsth因某事生气●annoyvt.使恼怒；打扰Whatannoyssbmostisthat...最让某人生气的是……●annoyingadj.使人不高兴的；恼人的annoyancen.恼怒；烦人的事物eg.（2021·全国乙卷书面表达）Whatannoysmanyparentsmostisthatstaringatthescreenforalongtimeisharmfultotheirchildren'seyes.（发言稿）最让许多家长烦恼的是长时间盯着屏幕对孩子的眼睛有害。frightenedadj.惊吓的；害怕的●befrightenedtodosth害怕做某事befrightenedtodeath吓死●frighteningadj.令人恐惧的；可怕的●frightenvt.使惊吓，使惊恐；吓唬frightensbinto/outof（doing）sth吓得某人做/不敢做某事【同义】scared，terrified，shocked，afraidsenioradj.级别（或地位）高的n.较年长的人（elderly）beseniorto…比……年长（资深），级别高于……bejuniorto…比……年轻（资浅），级别低于……besuperiorto比……优越（更好、强）beinferiorto低于，不如……，在……之下【联想】①freshman大一新生②sophomore大二学生③junior大三学生④senior大四学生Impressionn.印象感想●make/leavea(n)...impressiononsb给某人留下一个……的印象●impressvt.使钦佩；给……留下深刻的好印象vi.留下印象；引人注目impresssbwithsth=impresssthon/uponsb使某人牢记某事beimpressedby/at/with...对……印象深刻●impressiveadj.给人印象深刻的eg.Mynewteacher'srichknowledgeandnewteachingmethodleftadeepimpressiononus.（人物介绍）新老师渊博的知识和新颖的教学方法给我们留下了深刻的印象。concentratevi.&vt.集中（注意力）；聚精会神●concentrateon集中精力于concentrateone'smind/attentionon集中某人的注意力于；致力于；专心于●concentrationn.集中；专心concentratedadj.集中的；全力以赴的eg.Playingcomputergamescanmakeusrelaxed,butasstudentswemustconcentrateonourstudies.（学校生活）玩电脑游戏可以使我们放松，但是作为学生我们必须集中精力于学习。leave...alone不打扰；不惊动leavebehind遗留；把...抛在后面；超过leaveaside搁置一边；不考虑leavefor...动身去...leaveout省略；遗漏eg.He'sinabadmoodrightnow,sowe'dbetterleavehimalone.他现在情绪很槽糕,因此我们最好不要打扰他•confidentadj.自信的,有把握的(convinced)•beconfidentabout/of…对....有信心，beconfidentthat...对....有把挺•confidencen.信心haveconfidencein…在....方面充满信心。withconfidence肯定地，有把握地【联想】-ent结尾形容词转换成-ence结尾名词①confident-*confidence信心②silent-*silence沉默③different*-*difference差异，不同④absent—absence缺席⑤intelligent-*intelligence智慧=6\*GB3⑥violent-*violence暴力，暴行⑦convenient—convenience便利；方便⑧evident-*evidence证据⑨consequent-*consequence结果⑩competent-*competence能力；胜任lookforwardto盼望，期待(to为介词)lookback(on)回忆，回顾lookinto调查；向......里看lookoutfor注意察着，留心lookdownon/upon轻视，瞧不起lookupto尊敬，敬仰【联想】to为介词的短语荟萃①be/getusedto习惯于②be/getaccustomedto可慣于③objectto反对④beaddictedto对……上瘾⑤beopposedto反对⑥stickto坚持⑦payattentionto注意……⑧leadto导致takenotes记笔记●makeanote做笔记takenoteof注意；记笔记●notedown记录某事eg.Itisagoodhabittotakenoteswhilelisteningandreading.边听边读边做笔记是个好习惯。organise（又作organize）vt.组织；筹备；安排；组建vi.组建；成organisationn.组织；机构；团体organisern.组织者organisedadj.有组织的；有条理的eg.HowdoesLiMingorganisehisthoughts?李明是怎样整理他的思绪的?I'llinvitepeopleifyoucanorganisefoodanddrinks.如果你能备办饮食，我就负责请人。Youshouldtryandorganiseyourtimebetter.你应该尽量更有效地安排你的时间。Theseactivitieswereorganisedbyourschool,whichreallyprovideduswithmuchpleasure.（报道）这些活动是由我们学校组织的，这真的为我们提供了很多欢乐。【联想】动词去e加后缀“-ation”变名词聚会①organise→organisation组织②determine→determination决心③motivate→motivation动机④celebrate→celebration庆祝⑤translate→translation翻译⑥combine→combination联合⑦examine→examination考试；审查⑧imagine→imagination想象⑨invite→invitation邀请⑩observe→observation观察⑪prepare→preparation准备goaln.目标（target）；球门；射门achieveone'sgoal实现目标setagoal确立一个目标eg.Althoughhefailedmanytimes,hewouldfacethechallengebravelyandtriedtoachievehisgoal.（人物介绍）虽然他失败了很多次，但他会勇敢地面对挑战，努力实现自己的目标。improvevi.&vt.改进；改善●improvein在……方面有改进improveoneself自我完善；提高自己improvethequalityoflife提高生活质量●improvedadj.改良的；改进过的improvementn.改进，改善；提高eg.（2020·新高考卷I写作）Aftertherace，wefeltthatnotonlydidtheeventimproveourphysicalandpsychologicalquality,butitalsohelpedusbuildapositiveattitudeto-wardslife.（报道）比赛结束后，我们感到这次比赛不仅提高了我们的身体和心理素质，也帮助我们建立了一种积极的生活态度。curiousadj.好奇的；求知欲强的●becuriousabout对……感到好奇becurioustodosth渴望去做某事●curiosityn.好奇心；求知欲withcuriosity好奇地outofcuriosity出于好奇●curiouslyadv.好奇地eg.Ifyouarecuriousaboutthehistoryofourschoolorconcernedaboutit’sfuture,youmustn'tmissthisexcellentopportunity!（邀请信）如果你对我们学校的历史感到好奇或者关心学校的未来，你不要错过这次好机会。二、重点词块速记extra-curricularactivities课外活动jointheMusicClub参加音乐俱乐部3.afreshmanatseniorhighschool高中一年级学生4.areallybigchallenge确实是一个巨大的挑战5.signupforadvancedliterature报名高级文学课程6.handoutfoodtohomelesspeople把食物分发给无家可归的人7.keepupwiththeotherstudents跟上其他学生8.takecourses上课9.bewellpreparedforuniversity为大学做好准备10.getusedtoseniorhighschoollife适应高中生活11.makeaworkableschedule制定一个可行的时间表12.improvemyspokenEnglish提高我的英语口语水平13.havefun玩得开心14.spendtoomuchtimeonline花太多时间上网15.concentrateonschoolandfamilylife专注于学校和家庭生活16.encourageyourfriendstotrynewhobbies鼓励你的朋友尝试新的爱好重点句型剖析1.Whatifnoonetalkstome?（Whatif...?要是……会怎么样呢）要是没人跟我说话怎么办呢2.Itakenoteswhilelisteningandreading.（省略句）我边听边读边做笔记。3.IfI'mnotinclass,I'meitherinthelibraryorinthecomputerlab.（either…or…要么……要么……）如果我不在上课，我要么在图书馆，要么在计算机实验室。4.Imissmyfriendsfromjuniorhighschool,butIbelieveIwillmakenewfriendshere,andthere'salottoexploreatseniorhigh.(Therebe+n./pron.＋todosth)我想念我初中的朋友们，但我相信我会在这里结交到新朋友，而且高中会有很多事物等待着我去探索。Ifoundmostofmyclassmatesandteachersfriendlyandhelpful.我发现我的大多数同学和老师都很友好且乐于助人。句型公式|find+宾语+宾补find+宾语+宾补（形容词/副词/名词/介词短语/不定式/动词-ing形式/动词-ed形式）（2）find＋it＋形容词/名词＋todo…（it是形式宾语，todo..是真正的宾语）①Youwillfindpapercuttingveryeasyifyoukeeppractisingit.如果你坚持练习，你就会发现剪纸很简单。②Eventhebestwriterssometimesfindthemselveslostforwords.甚至最好的作家有时候也会发现自己表达不出来。③Withtheworldbecomingaglobalvillage,IfinditisnecessarytohaveagoodcommandofEnglish.（语言学习）随着世界变成了地球村，我觉得学好英语很有必要。考点一、核心单词拼写一.单词拼写1.I

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one.

4.Manywomenearnlessthantheir（男性的）colleagues.5.Someuniversitystudentschoosetoliveintheapartmentsoutsidetheir（校园）.6.I'mfofwalkinghomealoneinthedark.7.Heusedtobequiet,butnowheisveryo.8.Withouthishelp,Iwouldn’tdothe（实验）well.9.Alaughcanhelppeopleovera（n）（令人尴尬的）situation.10.Assoonaswearrivedontheislandwewereeagerto（探索）.11.Asudden（闪光）oflightningliteverythingupforasecond.12.Weshouldworkoutasfordealingwiththeproblem.13.Someoftheseexercisescanbedonealone,butothersyouhavetodowithap.14.Ifallofusworktogether,theremustbesomethingwecandotoitheenvironment.15.Iwillputmy（个性）,interestandabilityintothestudytogo.16.Beforehandinginyourhomework,besuretoritcarefully.1.exchange2.lecture3.register4.male5.campus6.frightened7.outgoing8.experiment9.awkward10.explore11.flash12.strategy13.partner14.improve15.personality16.revise考点二、重点词汇选词填空1.WecallpeoplefromChina,Chinese.Thisistheir（nation）.2.Iwanttobeanexcellentadvertising（design）.3.Weareallanxioustheclimber'ssafety.4.Hemissedthetrain,which（annoy）himverymuch.5.Ifwecanhavegoodhandwriting,otherswouldhaveagoodimpressionus.6.Ifyouconcentratetheproject,youcanfinishitontime.7.Weshouldencouragehimtohave（confident）inhimself.8.MyfamilyandIlookforwardto（see）younextmonth.9.Thewomanintheshoplookedatthem（curious）.10.Whatisthebestwayforyou（solve）thisproblem?nationality2.designer3.about4.annoyed5.onon7.confidence8.seeing9.curiously10.tosolve三．单句写作1.Itwastheirfirstmeeting,andRichardwasdeterminedto(给人留下好印象).Asa（初中学生）,Ihavesomehomeworktodoeveryday.（终于）hesucceededinclimbingupthedifficultmountain.Theheadmasterisbusyathisdesk.You'dbetter（别打扰他）.Shetookouthernotebookandbeganto（记笔记）.“Whatif（要是......会怎么样？）Ican'tfinishthebook?”,littleTomaskedhisfatheranxiously.1.makeanimpression.2.Juniorhighschoolstudent3.Atlast4.leavehimalone5.takenotes6.Whatif阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。【2022年新高考全国Ⅰ卷】TheChinesegovernmentrecentlyfinalizedaplantosetupaGiantPandaNationalPark(GPNP).___36___(cover)anareaaboutthreetimes___37___sizeofYellowstoneNationalPark,theGPNPwillbeoneofthefirstnationalparksinthecountry.Theplanwillextendprotectiontoasignificantnumberofareasthat___38___(be)previouslyunprotected,bringingmanyoftheexistingprotectedareasforgiantpandasunderoneauthority___39___(increase)effectivenessandreduceinconsistenciesinmanagement.Afterathree-yearpilotperiod,theGPNPwillbeofficiallysetupnextyear.TheGPNP___40___(design)toreflecttheguidingprincipleof“protectingtheauthenticityandintegrity(完整性)ofnaturalecosystems,preservingbiologicaldiversity,protectingecologicalbufferzones,___41___leavingbehindpreciousnaturalassets(资产)forfuturegenerations”.TheGPNP’smaingoalistoimproveconnectivitybetweenseparate___42___(population)andhomesofgiantpandas,and___43___(eventual)achieveadesiredlevelofpopulationinthewild.Giantpandasalsoserve___44___anumbrellaspecies(物种),bringingprotectiontoahostofplantsandanimalsinthesouthwesternandnorthwesternpartsofChina.TheGPNPisintendedtoprovidestrongerprotectionforallthespecies___45___livewithintheGiantPandaRangeandsignificantlyimprovethehealthoftheecosysteminthearea.【答案】36.Covering37.the38.were39.toincrease40.isdesigned41.and42.populations43.eventually44.as45.that【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国政府决定建立的大熊猫国家公园(GPNP)的计划。【36题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：该公园占地面积约为黄石国家公园的三倍，将成为中国首批国家公园之一。设空处在句中作非谓语，cover和句子的逻辑主语theGPNP为逻辑的主动关系，应用现在分词的形式作状语，首字母大写。故填Covering。【37题详解】考查冠词。句意：该公园占地面积约为黄石国家公园的三倍，将成为中国首批国家公园之一。本句的结构为：倍数+thesizeof+比较成份。故填the。【38题详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量以前未受保护的地区，将许多现有的大熊猫保护区纳入一个管理机构，以提高效率，减少管理上的不一致性。设空处在that引导的限制性定语从句中作谓语，先行词为asignificantnumberofareas，先行词在从句中作主语，根据“previously(之前地)”可知从句的时态应为一般过去时，根据主谓一致，从句主语复数，从句谓语复数形式。故填were。【39题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量以前未受保护的地区，将许多现有的大熊猫保护区纳入一个管理机构，以提高效率，减少管理上的不一致性。设空处在句中作非谓语，做目的状语，应用动词的不定式的形式。故填toincrease。【40题详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：GPNP旨在体现“保护自然生态系统的真实性和完整性，保护生物多样性，保护生态缓冲区，为子孙后代留下宝贵的自然资产”的指导原则。设空处在句中作谓语，和句子的主语TheGPNP之间为被动关系；叙述客观事实，应用一般现在时。故设空处应为一般现在时的被动语态，主语单数，谓语单数形式。故填isdesigned。【41题详解】考查连词。句意：GPNP旨在体现“保护自然生态系统的真实性和完整性，保护生物多样性，保护生态缓冲区，为子孙后代留下宝贵的自然资产”的指导原则。设空处前后为并列关系，应用and。故填and。【42题详解】考查名词。句意：GPNP的主要目标是改善不同种群和大熊猫家园之间的联系，最终达到理想的野生大熊猫数量水平。设空处和and后的复数名词homes并列在句中作宾语，应用可数名词population(种群)的复数的形式。故填populations。【43题详解】考查副词。句意：GPNP的主要目标是改善不同种群和大熊猫家园之间的联系，最终达到理想的野生大熊猫数量水平。设空处后为动词achieve，设空处应用副词eventually作状语，修饰动词achieve。故填eventually。【44题详解】考查介词。句意：大熊猫还扮演着保护伞的角色，为中国西南和西北地区的许多动植物带来保护。固定短语：serveas(充当)。故填as。【45题详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意：该计划旨在为生活在GiantPandaRange的所有物种提供更有力的保护，并显著改善该地区的生态系统健康。设空处为关系词引导限制性定语从句，先行词等于关系词，设空处在从句中作指物的主语，先行词为species，且先行词前为all修饰，只能用关系代词that。故填that。一、用单词的适当形式完成句子1．What’syour______(nation)?Inotherwords,whichcountryareyoufrom?(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】nationality【详解】考查名词。句意：你的国籍是什么?换句话说，你来自哪个国家?形容词性物主代词修饰名词，由下文“Inotherwords,whichcountryareyoufrom?”可知，此处询问“国籍是什么”，用名词nationality“国籍”，根据句意，此处用单数，故填nationality。2．Ireallyget_______(annoy)atthosewhocutinline.【答案】annoyed【详解】考查形容词。句意：我真的很讨厌那些插队的人。分析句子可知，get是系动词，接形容词作表语，说明人的感受用annoyed“烦恼的”，故填annoyed。Hermotherpraisedhergood________(behave)infrontoftheguests.【答案】behavior【详解】考查名词。句意：她母亲表扬了她在客人面前的良好行为。分析句子可知，good为形容词，意为“好的”，后接名词，behave意为“表现”，动词词性，对应的名词为behavior，意为“行为”，此处表抽象意义，不可数，在句中作宾语。故填behavior。4．Tocatchtheearly________(fly),weorderedataxiinadvanceandgotupveryearly.【答案】flight【详解】考查名词。句意：为了赶上早班飞机，我们提前订了一辆出租车，起得很早。此处作宾语，表示“航班”，应用名词flight，此处特指某次的航班应用单数。故填flight。Theheavytraffichasseriouslyinfluencedpeople’sdailylifeand_______(economy)development.【答案】economic【详解】考查形容词。句意：拥挤的交通严重影响了人们的日常生活和经济发展。此处修饰名词development，应用形容词economic，作定语。故填economic。二、汉译英（整句）1．人们在正式场合以更礼貌的方式说话。【答案】Peoplespeakinamorepolitewayinformalsituations.【详解】考查短语和时态。ina...way以……的方式；informalsituations在正式场合。陈述客观事实，用一般现在时。根据句意，故翻译为Peoplespeakinamorepolitewayinformalsituations.2．我的指导老师建议我选修高级文学，因为我喜欢英语而且成绩不错。【答案】MyadviserrecommendedthatIshouldsignupforadvancedliteraturebecauseIlikeEnglishandI’mgoodatit.【详解】考查短语、时态和虚拟语气。signup(forsth)报名(参加课程)；begoodat擅长。动词recommend作为“建议”之意，后接宾语从句，从句用should+动词原形的虚拟语气，should可以省略。because引导原因状语从句。陈述过去事情，用一般过去时。根据句意，故翻译为MyadviserrecommendedthatI(should)signupforadvancedliteraturebecauseIlikeEnglishandI’mgoodatit.3．努力学习并不总是那么有趣,但我会为未来上大学或是任何其他要来的事情做好充分准备.【答案】Studyinghardisn'talwaysfun,butI'mwellpreparedforuniversityandwhateverelsecomesmywayinthefuture.【详解】考查时态，非谓语动词和从句。分析句子可知，用一般现在时，且可以译为but连接的并列句，“努力学习”studyinghard，动名词作主语，谓语动词用单数，“总是那么有趣”bealwaysfun，加not表示部分否定；“为……做好准备”bewellpreparedfor；“大学”university；“任何其他要来的事情”译为whateverelsecomesmyway，whatever引导宾语从句，comeone'sway“发生在某人身上”；“在未来”inthefuture。故答案为：Studyinghardisn'talwaysfun,butI'llbewellpreparedforuniversityorwhateverelsecomesinthefuture.4．正因为是这个原因西班牙语是秘鲁主要官方语言。【答案】ItisforthisreasonthatSpanishisthemainofficiallanguageofPeru.【详解】考查短语、时态和强调句型。forthisreason因为这个原因；officiallanguage官方语言。强调句的结构为：Itis/was+强调部分+that从句。句子陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时。结合其他句意提示，故翻译为ItisforthisreasonthatSpanishisthemainofficiallanguageofPeru.5．到达目的地后，您将有一天时间来探索这座令人叹为观止的古城。【答案】Afterreachingyourdestination,youwillhaveadaytoexplorethisamazingancientcity.【详解】考查时态和非谓语。表示“到达目的地后”可用after作介词，后接动名词短语reachingyourdestination作宾语，构成介词短语作时间状语；表示“您将有一天时间来探索这座令人叹为观止的古城”应用一般将来时，谓语动词为will+动词原形，表达为youwillhaveadaytoexplorethisamazingancientcity，句式havetimetodosth意为“有时间做某事”，不定式作定语，形容词amazing意为“令人叹为观止”。故可翻译为Afterreachingyourdestination,youwillhaveadaytoexplorethisamazingancientcity.四、阅读理解Passage1(湖北省宜城一中、枣阳一中等六校联考2022-2023学年高一上学期期中)MynameisMichelleRogers.FormostofmylifeIhadbeenfightingwithmybodyweight.Iwaseithergainingweightortryingtoloseit.Iwasn’thappywithmyself,andIcertainlywasn’tabletofullyenjoylife.NotonlydidIfeelbadphysically,butIfeltterribleemotionally.IalsoknewIwasn’tabletobethebestIcouldbe,andwithfailureafterfailureinlosingweight,Ijustfeltsohopelesstomakeit.Onedayin2008,Iwaslookingthroughadsonlineandsawatreadmill(跑步机)for$100.ThistimeIdecidedtostartsmallandkeepitdoable.ThefirstweekIstartedwalking15minutesonthetreadmillatafixedtimeeveryday.ThenextweekIdid16minutes.EachweekIaddedaminute.Gradually,Iincreasedspeedaswellastime.OnceIgotto30minutes,theweightstarteddroppingoff.Ididn’tloseweightatfirst,butIdidn’tgiveuplikeIdidinthepast.IrealizedIstartedfeelingbetter.Mylegsweregettingstronger.Ididn’tfeelpainfullikeIusedtowhenIgotupfrommydesk.AlltheeffortsI’dbeenputtingintofitnessmademewanttostarteatinghealthier,too.Ibeganwithsmallchangesaswell.AftertheseyearsIstartedlisteningtomybody.Itwasrefusingfoodandhabitsthatwerebadforme.Today,theextraweightisgone.Istillexerciseeverymorning.IlookandfeelthebestIhaveneverdone.Everyareaofmylifehasimprovedandbenefitedfromthischangeinme.NotonlydoIhavemyyouthfulenergy,looksandhealthback,butalsoIhavemoreconfidencethanIhaveeverhad.1．HowdidMichellefeelaboutlosingweightbefore2008?A．Confident. B．Hopeless. C．Addicted. D．Annoyed.2．HowmanyweekshadpassedbeforeMichelle’sweightbegandropping?A．15weeks. B．20weeks. C．25weeks. D．30weeks.3．WhatisNOTmypracticenow?A．Doingexerciseregularly. B．Eatinghealthier.C．Refusingbadfoodandhabits. D．Gainingextraweight.4．WhatcanwelearnfromMichelle’sstory?A．Timeiseverything.B．Interestisthebestteacher.C．Startwithsmallthings.D．Nothingismoreimportantthanconfidence.【答案】1．B2．A3．D4．C【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者与肥胖抗争的故事。1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“IalsoknewIwasn’tabletobethebestIcouldbe,andwithfailureafterfailureinlosingweight,Ijustfeltsohopelesstomakeit.(我也知道我不可能成为最好的自己，在一次又一次的减肥失败之后，我只是觉得没有希望做到这一点)”和第二段中“Onedayin2008,Iwaslookingthroughadsonlineandsawatreadmill(跑步机)for$100.(2008年的一天，我在网上浏览广告，看到一个100美元的跑步机)”可知，在2008年前，作者认为减肥是没有希望的。故选B。2．细节理解题。根据第二段中“ThefirstweekIstartedwalking15minutesonthetreadmillatafixedtimeeveryday.ThenextweekIdid16minutes.EachweekIaddedaminute.Gradually,Iincreasedspeedaswellastime.OnceIgotto30minutes,theweightstarteddroppingoff.(第一周，我开始每天在固定的时间在跑步机上步行15分钟。第二周我跑了16分钟。每周我都会增加一分钟。渐渐地，我增加了速度和时间。当我坚持了30分钟，体重开始下降)”可知，作者第一周跑15分钟，以后每周增加一分钟，在跑30分钟时，体重开始下降，由此可计算出，30-15=15，即作者花了15周体重才开始下降，故选A。3．推理判断题。根据第三段中“AlltheeffortsI’dbeenputtingintofitnessmademewanttostarteatinghealthier,too...Itwasrefusingfoodandhabitsthatwerebadforme.(我在健身上付出的所有努力让我也想开始吃得更健康……拒绝对我不好的食物和习惯)”和最后一段中“Today,theextraweightisgone.Istillexerciseeverymorning.IlookandfeelthebestIhaveneverdone.(今天，多余的体重消失了。我仍然每天早上锻炼。我看起来和感觉起来都最好，这是我以前从来没有过的)”可知，作者如今减肥成功，没有了多余的体重，看起来和感觉起来都最好。由此推知，他会继续保持，坚持锻炼，健康饮食，拒绝不好的习惯和饮食。D项“增加额外的体重”不是他现在的做法。故选D。4．推理判断题。根据第三段“Ididn’tloseweightatfirst,butIdidn’tgiveuplikeIdidinthepast.IrealizedIstartedfeelingbetter.Mylegsweregettingstronger.Ididn’tfeelpainfullikeIusedtowhenIgotupfrommydesk.AlltheeffortsI’dbeenputtingintofitnessmademewanttostarteatinghealthier,too.Ibeganwithsmallchangesaswell.AftertheseyearsIstartedlisteningtomybody.Itwasrefusingfoodandhabitsthatwerebadforme.(一开始我没有减肥成功，但是我没有像过去那样放弃。我意识到我感觉好多了。我的腿越来越强壮了。我不像以前从桌子旁起来时那么痛苦了。我在健身方面付出的所有努力也让我想要开始吃得更健康。我也从小的改变开始。这么多年过去了，我开始倾听自己的身体。拒绝对我不好的食物和习惯)”可知，作者从最开始的减肥困难，到后来有了小的变化，然后坚持并取得了成效，说明做事要从小事做起，坚持做下去，就会取得成功。由此推知，从Michelle的故事中我们可以学到的是C项“从小事开始。”故选C。Passage2（2022秋·江西宜春·高一江西省宜丰中学校考期中）Sportisnotonlyphysicallychallenging,butcanalsobementallychallenging.Criticism(批评)fromcoaches,parentsandotherteammates,aswellaspressuretowincancreatetoomuchanxietyorstressforyoungathletes.Stresscanbephysical,emotional,orpsychologicalandresearchhasindicatedthatitcanleadtoburnout.Burnouthasbeendescribedasdroppingoutoforquittinganactivitythatwasatonetimeenjoyable.Theearlyyearsofgrowthareimportantyearsforlearningaboutoneselfandthesportsettingisonewherevaluableexperiencescantakeplace.Youngathletescan,forexample,learnhowtocooperatewithothers,makefriends,andgainothersocia1skillsthatwillbeusedthroughouttheirlives.Coachesandparentsshouldbeaware,atalltimes,thattheirfeedbacktoyoungsterscangreatlyaffecttheirchildren.Youngstersmaytaketheirparentsandcoaches’criticismstoheartandfindfaultsinthemselves.Coachesandparentsshouldalsopayattentionthatyouthsportparticipationdoesnotbecomeworkforchildren.Theoutcomeofthegameshouldnotbemoreimportantthantheprocessoflearningthesportandotherlifelessons.Intoday’syouthsportsetting,youngathletesmaybeworryingmoreaboutwhowillwininsteadofenjoyingthemselvesandthesport.Followingagame,manyparentsandcoachesfocusontheoutcomeandfindfaultswithyoungsters’performances.Positivesupportshouldbeprovidedregardlessoftheoutcome.Researchindicatesthatpositivesupportencouragesandhasagreatereffectonlearningthancriticism.Again,criticismcancreatehighlevelsofstress,whichcanleadtoburnout.5．Whatisthemainideaofthefirstparagraph?A．Stressshouldbemadeless. B．Sportcanbementallychallenging.C．Mentalstressshouldbereduced. D．Sportshouldbemadelesscompetitive.6．Whyissportimportantforyoungpeopleaccordingtothepassage?A．Itenablesthemtocriticizethemselves.B．Itc