江苏省镇江市2024-2025学年高二英语下学期期末考试试题含解析

PAGE25-江苏省镇江市2024-2025学年高二英语下学期期末考试试题（含解析）考生留意：1.本试卷共150分，考认时间120分钟。2.请将各题答案填写在答题卡上。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题，每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C.1.Whatwillthewomando?A.Haveawalk.B.Gotosleep.C.Talkwiththeman.2.Whatistheweatherlikenow?A.Rainy.B.Cloudy.C.Sunny.3.WhenwillthemanprobablyhaveameetingwithMrs.Jones?A.At9:00.B.At9:15.C.At10:00.4.Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.ThemanshouldbookacheaperhotelB.Shewillrentanapartmentfortheman.C.Themancanliveinherparentsapartment5.Wheredoesthisconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inalibrary.B.Inaclassroom.C.Inabookstore.其次节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatdoweknowabouttheman'scamera?A.It'seasytouse.B.It'smoreexpensivethanNikonZ7.C.It'sbetterthanNikonZ77.Whatdoesthemanpromisetodoforthewoman?A.Chooseacameraforher.BTakesomephotosofher.C.Watchatennisgamewithher.听第7段材料，回答第8.9题。8.Inwhichsubjectdidthemandoworsethanthewoman?A.English.B.Math.C.Biology.9.Whatdothespeakersdecidetodo?A.Competeagainnexttermforgrades.B.Choosedifferentcoursesthisterm.C.Havedinnertogether.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.What'stherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Teacherandstudent.B.Husbandandwife.C.Schoolmates.11.Whathappenedtothewoman?A.Shesetupaschool.B.Shedidwellinherjob.C.Shehasleftherjob.12.Whatdoesthemanwanttobe?A.Asinger.B.Adancingtrainer.C.Anactor.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whatistheman'sproblem?A.Hishairisgettingless.B.Hehasn'tsleptfordays.C.Hisheadacheisgettingworse.14.Howmanyhoursadaydoesthemanworknow?A.About9hours.B.Atleast10hours.C.About8hours.15.Whatmaycausetheman'sproblem?A.Toomuchwork.B.Toomuchexercise.C.Toomuchcoffee16.Whatshouldthemando?A.Eatless.B.Dosomeexercise.C.Stopworking.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whatisthespeaker?A.Ateacher.B.Astudent.C.Amanager.18.Wheredoestheswimmingclasstakeplace?A.Inthepool.B.Inthelake.C.Intheriver.19.Howlongdotheclassesrunoneday?A.2hours.B.6hours.C.3hours.20.Whatdoesthespeakersayaboutthemeals?A.Theyarefree.B.Theyaredelicious.C.Theyarehealthy.其次部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A.B.C.D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ATheBestFamilyReunionSpotinEveryStateThelocationforyourfamilyreunioncouldmaketheevent.Chooseoneoftheseuniqueandcomfortablespotsineverystate.Alabama—DoubleheadResort,TownCreekYoucan’tbeatthewaterfrontcottagesavailableatDoubleheadResort.Eachhasawasherandafullkitchen.Acottagecansleeptenpeople,makingthisresorttheperfectrelaxinglocationforyourfamilyreunion.Thiscouldbethesettingforanotherfunnyfamilyvacationstory.Arkansas—WhitneyMountainLodge,GarfieldThisNorthwestArkansashotelhasabreathtakingviewofBeaverLake.LocatedbetweentheRockiesandtheAppalachians,thispeacefulsiteistheperfectplacetoescapewithyourfamily.Theyhavethreeprivatediningrooms,allavailableforrentforyourevents.Arkansasmightnotbethefirstfamilyreuniondestinationthatcomestomind,butithasoneofthecoolesthiddensightseeing.California—TheAlisalGuestRanchandResort,SolvangIfbudgetisn’tanissue,bookafamilyreunionattheAlisalGuestRanchResortintheSantaYnezValley.This10,000-acrecattleranch(牧场)istheidealreunionspotforhorse-back-ridingfamilies,andthere’salsoaspaforthefamilymemberswhowouldprefertorelax.Delaware—CapeHenlopenStatePark,LewesEnjoyabeachsidereunionatoneofDelaware’smostscenicstateparks.Thepavilion(大帐篷)isavailableforrent,somakeyourbasecampatthegroupsiteasyouhavefunatthetwobeachesand18-holegolfcourse.Youcanalsoclimbuptoaformermilitarybunker(碉堡)forabriefhistorylesson.1.WhatisDoubleheadResortspecialabout?A.Theweather. B.Thesightseeing.C.Itsstories. D.Itscottages.2.Whichspotoffershistoryeducation?A.DoubleheadResort. B.WhitneyMountainLodge.C.CapeHenlopenStatePark. D.TheAlisalGuestRanchandResort.3.Inwhichsectionofamagazinecanyoureadthetext?A.Dailylife. B.Travelguide.C.Entertainment D.Environment.【答案】1.D2.C3.B【解析】本文是一篇说明文。家庭聚会的地点可能会成为一个重要的因素。文章介绍了美国四个州里最好的家庭团聚场所。【1题详解】细微环节理解题。依据Alabama—DoubleheadResort,TownCreek部分中的Youcan’tbeatthewaterfrontcottagesavailableatDoubleheadResort.可知，你无法击败DoubleheadResort的水边小屋。由此可知，DoubleheadResort的村舍很特殊。故选D。【2题详解】细微环节理解题。依据Delaware—CapeHenlopenStatePark,Lewes部分中的Youcanalsoclimbuptoaformermilitarybunker(碉堡)forabriefhistorylesson.可知，你也可以爬上一个曾经的军事掩体来上一堂简短的历史课。由此可知，CapeHenlopenStatePark能够供应历史教化。故选C。【3题详解】推理推断题。依据文章标题TheBestFamilyReunionSpotinEveryState(每个州最好的家庭团聚场所)及文章中对美国四个州里最好的家庭团聚场所的介绍可知，你可能会在一本杂志的旅游指南版块读到这篇文章。故选B。BIenjoylifebecauseIamendlesslyinterestedinpeopleandtheirgrowth.Myinterestleadsmetowidenmyknowledgeofpeople,andthisinturnmakesmebelieveinthecommongoodnessofmankind.Ibelievethatthenormalhumanheartisgoodsincetheirbirth.Thatis,it’sbornsensitiveandfeelingeagertobeapprovedandtoapprove,hungryforsimplehappinessandthechancetolive.LikeConfucius,Iamabsorbedinthewonderoftheearth,andthelifeonit.Withagreatfaithinthehumanheartanditspowertogrowtowardthelight,Ifindherearereasonsenoughforhopeandconfidenceinthefutureofmankind.Thecommonsenseofpeoplewillsurelyprovethatmutual(相互的)supportandcooperationareonlysensibleforthesecurityandhappinessofall.Suchfaithkeepsmecontinuallyreadytodowhatonepersoncantowardshapingtheenvironmentinwhichthehumanbeingcangrowwithfreedom.Thisenvironment,Ibelieve,isbaseduponthenecessityforsecurityandfriendship.Itakeheartinapromisingfactthatthefutureworldwillcontainfoodsuppliesenoughfortheentireearthpopulation.Ourknowledgeofmedicalsciencewillbesufficienttoimprovethehealthofthewholehumanrace.Ourresourcesandeducation,ifadministeredonaworldscale,willlifttheintelligenceoftherace.Halfacenturyago,fewpeoplethoughtofworldfood,healthandeducation.Manyarethinkingtodayofthesethings.NowIfindmyonlyquestionsaboutthis:Arethereenoughpeoplenowwhobelieve?Isthereenoughtimeleftforthewisetoact?Itisacontestbetweenignoranceanddeath,orwisdomandlife.Myfaithinhumanitystandsfirm.4.Whatresultsintheauthor’sbeliefinpeople’sgoodness?A.Hisunderstandingofpeople. B.Hisdesireforhappiness.C.Hissensitiveattitudetolife. D.Hiskindnesstopeople.5.Whatshouldpeopledotobuildasecureandhappyworld?A.Getreadytodevelopmorefriendship. B.Competewithothersineverything.C.Defeatotherstogetenoughfreedom. D.Helpandcooperatewitheachother.6.Whatdoestheauthorwanttoexpressinparagraph3?A.Hisdemandforthepresentlife. B.Hisexpectationofthefutureworld.C.Hisbeliefinbetterenvironment. D.Hishopeofhumanrelationships.7.Whatmaybethebesttitleofthetext?A.HumanNatureIsGood B.BelieveinOurselvesC.LiveaHappyLife D.HelpPeopleinNeed【答案】4.A5.D6.B7.A【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章说明白作者对人深化的了解，促使作者信任人性是美妙的，并对将来充溢了信念。【4题详解】细微环节理解题。依据文章第一段Myinterestleadsmetowidenmyknowledgeofpeople,andthisinturnmakesmebelieveinthecommongoodnessofmankind.(这一爱好使我不停地了解更多的人，而对人的深化了解则促使我信任人之初，性本善)可知，作者对人的了解使他信任人是和善的。故选A。【5题详解】细微环节理解题。依据文章第一段Thecommonsenseofpeoplewillsurelyprovethatmutual(相互的)supportandcooperationareonlysensibleforthesecurityandhappinessofall.(人类的常识肯定在将来的某一天向他们证明，相互支持与合作只会对全人类的平安和华蜜有实际意义)可知，作者认为，人们只有相互合作与帮助，才能建立一个平安华蜜的世界。故选D。【6题详解】主旨大意题。依据文章第三段Itakeheartinapromisingfactthatthefutureworldwillcontainfoodsuppliesenoughfortheentireearthpopulation.Ourknowledgeofmedicalsciencewillbesufficienttoimprovethehealthofthewholehumanrace.Ourresourcesandeducation,ifadministeredonaworldscale,willlifttheintelligenceoftherace.(我对将来充溢信念：世界的食物能供给人类；我们的医学学问足以改善人类的健康状况；我们的教化资源，若在世界范围内统一管理，将提高各种族的智力)可知，本段作者表达了他对将来世界的期望。故选B。【7题详解】主旨大意题。依据全文内容可知，文章说明白作者对人深化的了解，促使作者信任人性是美妙的，并对将来充溢了信念。所以用HumanNatureIsGood(人性是美妙的)作为文章标题最为恰当。故选A。CYoumaynotpaymuchattentiontoyourdailyelevatorride.Manyofususealiftseveraltimesduringadaywithoutreallythinkingaboutit.ButLeeGray,PhD,oftheUniversityofNorthCarolina,US,hasmadeithisbusinesstoexaminethisoverlookedformofpublictransport.Heisknownasthe“ElevatorGuy”.“Theliftbecomesaninterestingsocialspacewhereetiquette(礼仪)issortofstrange,”GraytoldtheBBC.“Theyaresociallyveryinterestingbutoftenveryawkwardplaces.”Wewalkinandusuallyturnaroundtofacethedoor.Ifsomeoneelsecomesin,wemayhavetomove.Andhere,accordingtoGray,lift-usersunthinkinglygothroughasetpatternofmovements.HetoldtheBBCwhathehadobserved.Heexplainedthatwhenyouaretheonlyoneinsidealift,youcandowhateveryouwant—it’syourownlittlebox.Iftherearetwoofyou,yougointodifferentcorners,standingdiagonally(对角线地)acrossfromeachothertocreatedistance.Newcomerstotheliftwillneedtosizeupthesituationwhenthedoorsslideopenandthenactquickly.Oncein,formostpeopletheruleissimple—lookdown,orlookatyourphone.Whyarewesoawkwardinlifts?“Youdon’thaveenoughspace,”ProfessorBabetteRenneberg,aclinicalpsychologistattheFreeUniversityofBerlin,toldtheBBC.“Usuallywhenwemeetotherpeople,wehaveaboutanarm’slengthofdistancebetweenus.Andthat’snotpossibleinmostelevators.”Insuchasmall,enclosedspaceitbecomesveryimportanttoactinawaythatcannotbeconsideredtobethreateningorstrange,“Theeasiestwaydothisisavoideyecontact,”shesaid.8.Whatispeople’sresponsetotheliftetiquetteaccordingtoGray?A.Thinkingmuchofit. B.Avoidingitonpurpose.C.Researchingitcontinuously. D.Ignoringitunconsciously.9.WhatdoesGraythinkofridingalift?A.It’sfunnyandquick. B.It’sstrangeanddangerous.C.It’sinterestingbutawkward. D.It’sconvenientbutboring.10.Whatmaymostpeopledoiftheystayinthelift?A.Talkloudlytoeachother. B.Keepstillandsilence.C.Usemobilephones. D.Keepaclosedistance.11.What’stheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A.Toshowhowtorideeachelevators.B.Tointroducesomerulesofelevatoretiquette.C.Toshowhowtobreakawkwardnessofridinglifts，D.Toanalyzethereasonsforkeepingelevatoretiquette.【答案】8.D9.C10.C11.B【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章作者介绍了乘坐电梯时，应当留意的一些礼仪。【8题详解】推理推断题。依据第三段中的Andhere,accordingtoGray,lift-usersunthinkinglygothroughasetpatternofmovements.可知，依据格雷的说法，电梯运用者会毫不迟疑地经验一组动作模式。由此可知，格雷认为人们无意识地忽视了电梯礼仪。故选D。【9题详解】细微环节理解题。依据其次段中的Theyaresociallyveryinterestingbutoftenveryawkwardplaces.可知，这些地方在社交上很好玩，但通常也很尴尬。由此可知，格雷认为乘电梯很好玩，但也很尴尬。故选C。【10题详解】细微环节理解题。依据第五段中的Oncein,formostpeopletheruleissimple—lookdown,orlookatyourphone.可知，一旦进入，对大多数人来说，规则很简洁——低头，或者看你的手机。由此可知，假如人们呆在电梯里，大多数人可能会运用手机。故选C。【11题详解】推理推断题。依据第一段中的ButLeeGray,PhD,oftheUniversityofNorthCarolina,US,hasmadeithisbusinesstoexaminethisoverlookedformofpublictransport.(但美国北卡罗来纳高校的李•格雷博士却致力于探讨这种被忽视的公共交通形式)及其次段“Theliftbecomesaninterestingsocialspacewhereetiquette(礼仪)issortofstrange,”GraytoldtheBBC.(“电梯变成了一个好玩的社交空间，在这里礼仪有点惊奇，”格雷告知BBC)及下文介绍可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是为了介绍一些电梯礼仪的规则。故选B。DAnewpaperpublishedinEnvironmentalResearchLettershassomewarningnewsforpeoplelivinginthelower48states:Youmaybeatriskfromriverfloodingandnotevenknowituntilthewaterstartstorise.Infact,thestudy,estimatesofpresentandfuturefloodriskintheUnitedStates,foundthat41millionU.S.residentsareatriskfromfloodingalongrivers.That’sthreetimesmorethancurrentestimatesbasedonthefloodmapsproducedbytheFederalEmergencyManagementAgency(FEMA),whichprimarilymapstheareasatriskfor1-in-100-yearfloodsinpopulous(人口众多的)riverbasins.Whydoesthebigdifferencecomeintobeing?Asalways,it’sallaboutthedata.Generally,FEMAprioritizesrisk-assessmentareasbasedontheirpopulation;reservingexpensivefield-workmethodologies(探讨方法)forthemorepopulousriverbasins,butmanyotherrivershavenotyetbeenmappedatall.ThesizeoftheUSAmeansthatfloodmapsmadeinthiswayareincomplete.Itwouldbetooexpensiveandtime-consumingtosurveyeveryriverbasininAmerica.Thenational-scalefloodmapsproducedbyFEMAleavethefloodriskofmanypartsofthecountryunaccountedfor.Forthisresearch,scientistsfromTheNatureConservancyadoptedapioneeringmethodologythatavoidsthedefectsoftheFEMAapproach,whereindividualcatchments(流域)arestudiedbymakinguseofbigdata.Thestudyusedanewhigh-resolutionmodel,producedbytheflood-mappingorganizationFathom,whichcopiesfloodsonallriversacrosstheentirecontinentalUnitedStates.“WewereallsurprisedbyhowmanypeopleareactuallyexposedtofreshwaterfloodingintheUSA,”saidOliverWing,leadresearcheronthestudyandaPhDstudentattheUniversityofBristol.“It’sparticularlyworrisomeconsideringthatmostofthesepeoplearen’tevenawareoftherisktheyface.Thisstudyhelpsfillthatcriticalinformationgap.”12.Whatdidthenewpaperintendtotellreaders?A.ThemistakesmadebyFEMA.B.Theserioussituationoftheflood.C.ThepopulousriverbasinsoftheUSA.D.TheunseenriskofthefloodintheUSA.13.WhyisthemapproducedbyFEMAincomplete?A.It’sdangeroustoresearchalltherivers.B.ThesizeoftheUSAistoobig.C.Itignoreslesspopulousrivers.D.Theefficiencyofmakingitislow.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“defects”inparagraph5mean?A.Shortcomings. B.Potential.C.Consumption. D.Contributions.15.WhatattitudedoesOliverWinghavetothestudy?A.Critical. B.Supportive.C.Cautious. D.Uncaring.【答案】12.D13.C14.A15.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家们通过了一项开创性的方法，对美国目前和将来洪水风险作出新的评估，让人们削减遭遇洪水的威逼。【12题详解】推理推断题。依据文章第一段“AnewpaperpublishedinEnvironmentalResearchLettershassomewarningnewsforpeoplelivinginthelower48states:Youmaybeatriskfromriverfloodingandnotevenknowituntilthewaterstartstorise.(发表在《环境探讨快报》上的一篇新论文对居住在美国本土48个州的人们提出了一些警告:你可能面临河流洪水的威逼，但直到洪水起先上涨时你才意识到。)”可推断，这份新报纸准备告知读者在美国有很多看不见的洪水风险。故选D。【13题详解】细微环节理解题。依据文章其次段“AGenerally,FEMAprioritizesrisk-assessmentareasbasedontheirpopulation;reservingexpensivefield-workmethodologies(探讨方法)forthemorepopulousriverbasins,butmanyotherrivershavenotyetbeenmappedatall.(一般来说，联邦应急管理局依据人口对风险评估领域进行优先排序;为人口较多的河流流域保留昂贵的野外探讨方法，但很多其他河流还没有绘制地图。)”可推断，联邦应急管理局制作的地图不完整是因为它忽视了人口较少的河流。故选C。【14题详解】词义揣测题。依据文章第五段“Forthisresearch,scientistsfromTheNatureConservancyadoptedapioneeringmethodology(为了这个探讨，美国自然爱护协会的科学家采纳了一种开创性的方法)”并结合上文可知，原来洪水地图的绘制是不科学的，所以此方法避开联邦紧急事务管理局探讨方法的缺陷。可以揣测defects为“缺陷”之意。故选A。【15题详解】推理推断题。依据文章最终一段“Thisstudyhelpsfillthatcriticalinformationgap.(这项探讨有助于填补这一关键的信息空白。)”可推断，OliverWing对此探讨的看法是支持的。故选B。【点睛】阅读理解通常都会出现词义揣测题。设题时，常会考查生词或短语的词义推断题，要求考生从上下文理解中概括诞生词或短语的词义。考生作此类题型时，首先要找到所揣测词所在文章的位置，然后在理解文章大意的基础之上，对此词前后句反复研读，最终依据前后句揣测出词义。例如小题3要求揣测出defects的含义，就是依据文章第五段“Forthisresearch,scientistsfromTheNatureConservancyadoptedapioneeringmethodology(为了这个探讨，美国自然爱护协会的科学家采纳了一种开创性的方法)”并结合上文可知，原来洪水地图的绘制是不科学的，所以此方法避开联邦紧急事务管理局探讨方法的缺陷。可以揣测defects为“缺陷”之意。其次节（共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。TheHealthBenefitsofGardeningGardeningispopularinmanypartsoftheworld.Thisoutdooractivitygivesusbeautifulplants,pleasantsmellingflowersandfreshfruitsandvegetables.Butitalsogivesusmanyhealthbenefits.___16___Gardeningconnectspeople.Whenyouaregardening,youareoutdoors.Soitisaperfecttimetosocializewithyourneighbors.Gardeningcangreatlywidenaperson’scommunity.Somepeoplemaynothavetheresourcestohavetheirowngardens.So,manycitiesandtownshavecommunitygardens.Youcaneithervolunteerorjustvisittolearnmore.___17___Gardeningisagreatactivitytodowithchildren,Itgetsfamiliesoutdoorsandoffcomputers,televisionsandotherelectronics.Gardeningcanbeagreatteacher.Childrencanlearnaboutnatureandwildlife.Gardeningcanteachachildaboutwherefoodcomesfromandhealthyeating.GettingVitaminDWhenyouareinyourgarden,youmightfeelthesunshineonyourskin.ThismeansyouaregettingVitaminD.VitaminDhelpsyourbodiesusecalcium(钙).___18___.VitaminDalsohelpsyoufightdiseases.DoingmoreexerciseAlso,whenyougarden,youmustmovearound,Allthedifferentmovementsneededforgardening—bending,twisting,stretchingandlifting-worksmallmusclesinthebody.___19___.Reducingstress___20___.AstudybytheNetherlandsfoundthatgardeningmayreducethestresshormonecortisol(激素皮质醇)inthebrain.Scientistssaythathighlevelsofcortisolinthebodyinterfere(干扰)withlearningandmemory.Itcanalsoincreaseaperson’sweight,bloodpressureandcholesterollevels.A.ReducinglonelinessB.GettingalongwithchildrenC.ThatisnecessarytokeepbonesstrongD.GardeningmayhelpyoustayenergeticE.GardeningmayalsohelpyoutofeelcalmandhappyF.Whatyougrowinagardenusuallylooks,smells,feelsandtastesreallygoodG.Andyoucaneasilygetagoodworkoutwhenyouarediggingholesorpullingweeds【答案】16.A17.B18.C19.G20.E【解析】本文是说明文，介绍了园艺对人们身体健康方面的几个作用。【16题详解】分析文章结构，文章从其次段起每段都有小标题，也是该段的主题句；小标题的形式都是动名词短语；该空位于段落开头，应当是该段的小标题；该段下文提到“园艺将人们联系起来”“这是一个与你的邻居社交的完备时间。”该段的主题是关于园艺对促进人与人之间关系方面的好处。选项A意思为：削减孤独，符合该段的主题。故选A项。【17题详解】该空位于段落开头，应当也是该段的小标题；该段下文提到“园艺可以让一家人走出家门，远离电脑。”“园艺可以是一个好老师，教会孩子们了解大自然、教会孩子食物的来源和健康饮食。”该段的主题是关于园艺可以让孩子走出家门，对孩子的教化方面的好处。选项B意思为：与孩子相处，符合该段的主题。故选B项。【18题详解】该空线索是代词指代。选项C意思为：这对保持骨骼强壮是必要的。选项C中“this”指代空前一句“维生素D有助于你的身体对钙的利用”。选项C是顺承空前一句的话题。故选C项。【19题详解】该段小标题是“做更多的熬炼”；选项G意思为：当你挖洞或拔草时，你可以很简洁地得到很好的熬炼。选项G是关于园艺对身体熬炼方面的好处，符合该段的主题。故选G项。【20题详解】该段小标题是“削减压力”；选项E意思为：园艺也可以帮助你感到安静和欢乐。选项C是关于园艺在削减压力、安静人的心情方面的好处，符合该段的主题。故选E项。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C.D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。We'vebeentravelingforacoupleofmonthsnowandonethingweweremostexcitedaboutwasdoinglaundry.Our____21____inCorfu,Greece,wasabsolutelyadorable-AngelaisaprofessorofAncientGreek.Shemetusbyherplaceand____22____showedusaroundtheapartmentwe'd____23____onAirbnbforafewdays.Wehadn'tstayedinaplacewitha(n)____24____forweeks,soweallhadanunpleasantsmellaroundusandwereinurgent___25___ofwashingclothes.ButwhenAngelagottothewashingmachine,she_____26_____beforereplying."I'msosorry,"shesaid,"Thewashingmachineisbrokenandnobodycouldcometo____27____it."IwasalittleangrywhenIheardthis,shemusthaveseenmyface____28____."Butifyouneedany___29___done,youcanjustgiveittomeandIwillcleanitand____30____itallforyouinmyhome,"shetoldus.Wewere_____31_____andthankful.AsanAirbnbhost,shewentaboveandbeyond.Adaylater,she_____32_____withfreshlypressedclothesandwecouldn'thavebeenmore_____33_____.Sowhenweleftintheearlyhoursofthemorning,I____34____heranoteand€50.Shemadeourday,sowewantedtomakehers______35______21.A.friend B.cousin C.companion D.host22.A.unwillingly B.suddenly C.kindly D.frequently23A.rented B.bought C.recommended D.decorated24.A.refrigerator B.washingmachine C.sewingmachine D.airconditioner25.A.queue B.process C.need D.honour26.A.continued B.hesitated C.persuaded D.confused27.A.conduct B.fix C.correct D.find28.A.cure B.complain C.cheer D.fall29.A.poster B.note C.laundry D.shopping30.A.iron B.dry C.change D.ignore31.A.alarmed B.inspired C.puzzled D.relieved32.A.witnessed B.returned C.apologized D.prepared33.A.thrilled B.fragile C.disappointed D.curious34.A.took B.lent C.showed D.left35.A.invain B.inreturn C.inadvance D.inturn【答案】21.D22.C23.A24.B25.C26.B27.B28.D29.C30.A31.D32.B33.A34.D35.B【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲解并描述作者租了一套公寓急需清洗衣服，但是洗衣机坏了，房东表示可以亲自清洗熨干，作者深表感谢，最终额外答谢了房东的付出。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们在希腊科夫的房东，Angela是一名古希腊语教授，她肯定是可爱的人。A.friend挚友；B.cousin堂兄弟姐妹；C.companion同伴；D.host主子。由最终一段的其次句“AsanAirbnbhost,shewentaboveandbeyond.”可知，作为一个爱彼迎的房东，她已经超越标准了。由此可见，Angela是我们在希腊科夫的房东。故选D。【22题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：她在她的居处和我们见面，然后爱护地带我们参观我们在爱彼迎租用了一些天的公寓。A.unwillingly不情愿地；B.suddenly突然；C.kindly爱护地；D.frequently频繁地。由前一句“Our____1____inCorfu,Greece,wasabsolutelyadorable-AngelaisaprofessorofAncientGreek.”可知，我们在希腊科夫的房东，Angela是一名古希腊语教授，她肯定是可爱的人。由此可见，Angela是一个不错的人，她会爱护地带我们参观公寓。选项C.kindly爱护地，和前一句中的“adorable可爱的”相呼应，符合语境。故选C。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她在她的居处和我们见面，然后爱护地带我们参观我们在爱彼迎租用了一些天的公寓。A.rented租用；B.bought购买；C.recommended举荐；D.decorated装饰。由本句中的“onAirbnb在爱彼迎租用平台”可知，这个公寓是我们在爱彼迎租用平台租用的。故选A。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们在没有洗衣机的地方待了数周，所以我们一身都是难闻的气味，并且急需清洗衣服。A.refrigerator冰箱；B.washingmachine洗衣机；C.sewingmachine缝纫机；D.airconditioner空调。由本句中的后半部分“soweallhadanunpleasantsmellaroundusandwereinurgent___5___ofwashingclothes.”可知，所以我们一身都是难闻的气味，并且急需清洗衣服。由此可见，我们身上都是难闻的气味，急需洗衣服是因为始终没有洗衣机洗衣服。故选B。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们在没有洗衣机的地方待了数周，所以我们一身都是难闻的气味，并且急需清洗衣服。A.queue队列；B.process过程；C.need须要；D.honour荣誉。由第三段的最终一句“"Butifyouneedany___9___done,youcanjustgiveittomeandIwillcleanitand___10___itallforyouinmyhome,"shetoldus.”可知，她告知我们，“但是假如你们须要任何衣服清洗，你可以给我，我将会在我家里为你们清洗干净，然后熨衣服。”由此可见，清洗衣服是我们现在急需做的事。故选C。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是当Angela到达洗衣机的时候，她在回答之前迟疑了下。A.continued接着；B.hesitated迟疑；C.persuaded劝服；D.confused困惑。由前一句“Wehadn'tstayedinaplacewitha(n)____4____forweeks,soweallhadanunpleasantsmellaroundusandwereinurgent___5___ofwashingclothes.”和后一句“"I'msosorry,"shesaid,"Thewashingmachineisbrokenandnobodycouldcometo____7____it."”可知，我们在没有洗衣机的地方待了数周，所以我们一身都是难闻的气味，并且急需清洗衣服。她说，“我特别愧疚，这个洗衣机坏了，没有人能过来修理它。”由此可见，Angela在知道我们须要清洗衣服的需求时候，她对要告知我们洗衣机坏了不能满意我们的需求表示迟疑。选项B.hesitated迟疑，符合语境。故选B。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她说，“我特别愧疚，这个洗衣机坏了，没有人能过来修理它。”A.conduct实施；B.fix修理；C.correct订正；D.find发觉。由本句中的“Thewashingmachineisbroken”可知，这个洗衣机坏了。由此可见，后半部分要表达的是没有人修理洗衣机。选项B.fix修理，符合语境。故选B。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我听到这个，我有点生气，她肯定是看到我的脸下沉。A.cure解决，治疗；B.complain埋怨；C.cheer欢呼；D.fall落下。由本句的前半部分“Iwasalittleangry”可知，我有点生气。由此可见，我的脸是下沉，和前面的生气相呼应。选项D.fall落下，符合语境。故选D。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她告知我们，“但是假如你们须要任何衣服清洗，你可以给我，我将会在我家里为你们清洗干净，然后熨衣服。”A.poster海报；B.note便签；C.laundry清洗的衣服；D.shopping购物。由本句中的后半部分“Iwillcleanit”可知，我将会清洗它。由此可见，前半部分表达的是假如有任何衣服要清洗。选项C.laundry清洗的衣服，符合语境。故选C。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她告知我们，“但是假如你们须要任何衣服清洗，你可以给我，我将会在我家里为你们清洗干净，然后熨衣服。”A.iron熨衣服；B.dry弄干；C.change变更；D.ignore忽视。由最终一段的第三句“Adaylater,she____12____withfreshlypressedclothesandwecouldn'thavebeenmore____13____.”可知，一天之后，她归还了新压平的衣服，我们实在太兴奋了。由此可见，新压平的衣服是因为Angela熨平了衣服。选项A.iron熨衣服，符合语境。故选A。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们感到安心的和感谢的。A.alarmed恐慌的；B.inspired受鼓舞的；C.puzzled困惑的；D.relieved感到安心的。由第三段的最终一句“"Butifyouneedany___9___done,youcanjustgiveittomeandIwillcleanitand___10___itallforyouinmyhome,"shetoldus.”可知，她告知我们，“但是假如你们须要任何衣服清洗，你可以给我，我将会在我家里为你们清洗干净，然后熨衣服。”由此可见，当我们听到Angela可以为我们清洗衣服，解决了我们的问题，我们最终可以安心了。选项D.relieved感到安心的，符合语境。故选D。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天之后，她归还了新压平的衣服，我们实在太兴奋了。A.witnessed目击；B.returned归还；C.apologized致歉；D.prepared准备。由第三段的最终一句“"Butifyouneedany___9___done,youcanjustgiveittomeandIwillcleanitand___10___itallforyouinmyhome,"shetoldus.”可知，她告知我们，“但是假如你们须要任何衣服清洗，你可以给我，我将会在我家里为你们清洗干净，然后熨衣服。”由此可见，一天之后，Angela帮我们清洗熨平了衣服，然后把熨平的衣服归还给我们。选项B.returned归还，符合语境。故选B。【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一天之后，她归还了新压平的衣服，我们实在太兴奋了。A.thrilled激烈的，兴奋的；B.fragile脆弱的；C.disappointed悲观的；D.curious新奇的。由本句的前半部分“she____12____withfreshlypressedclothes”可知，她归还了新压平的衣服。由此可见，当我们看到新熨平的衣服，我们的心情是激烈的。选项A.thrilled激烈的，兴奋的，符合语境。故选A。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以当我们在凌晨时分别开的时候，我给她留了张纸条和50欧元。A.took拿；B.lent借给；C.showed展示；D.left留下。由本句中的前半部分“Sowhenweleftintheearlyhoursofthemorning”可知，当我们在凌晨特别别开的时候，我们并没有和Angela相见，给她留了张纸条告知她。选项D.left留下，符合语境。故选D。【35题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：她令我们过的快乐，所以我们想要让她的付出有所回报。A.invain徒劳，无用；B.inreturn作为回报；C.inadvance预先，提前；D.inturn依次，反过来。由前一句“Sowhenweleftintheearlyhoursofthemorning,I___14___heranoteand€50.”可知，所以当我们在凌晨时分别开的时候，我给她留了张纸条和50欧元。由此可见，她令我们过的快乐，我们在离开的时候，给她50欧元作为回报。选项B.inreturn作为回报，符合语境。故选B。其次节（共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。ScientistsfromBritainandKenyamayhavefoundawaytocontrolmalaria(疟疾)andpossiblydestroyoneoftheworld’smostdangerous____36____(disease).Thescientistssaytheyhavefoundamicrobe(微生物)thatpreventsmosquitoesfrombeinginfectedwiththeorganism____37____causesthedisease.AreportontheresearchwaspublishedinNatureCommunications.Itsaysthemicrobe____38____(complete)protectstheinsectsfrominfection.Themicrobe____39____(call)MicrosporidiaMB.Thescientistsfounditinsidethebodyofmosquitoes____40____(live)aroundLakeVictoriainKenya.Expertssaytheydonotknowhowthemicrobepreventsthemosquitoesfromcarryingthemalaria.Buttheysuspectthatitaffectsthemosquito’s____41____(nature)defensessotheinsectdoesnotbecome____42____(infect).Theresearcherssaythenextstepistostudywaystoreleasethemicrobe-carryingmosquitoes____43____thewild.Malariakillsabout400,000peopleeveryyear.Thediseasespreadstopeoplethroughmosquitobites.Mosquitonetsandinsect-killingchemicals____44____(help)peoplefightagainstmalariaoverthepast20years.ThisisespeciallythecaseinAfricancountries