山东省青岛市三区市2021-2022学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题

2021—2022学年度第二学期期末学业水平检测高二英语(考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分)注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将答题卡交回。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案划在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题分，满分分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdidthemanthinkofthebook?A.Outofdate. B.Unsuitableforstudents. C.Worthreading.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:IfinishedthenovelGonewiththeWindthatyougaveme.Itwasreallygood!Iwishourteacherscouldremendmorebookslikethisinschool!W:Great!MygrandmotherreadthisbooktomewhenIwasyoung.Ilikeitsomuch.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whichcountrydothespeakersprobablylivein?A.China. B.TheU.K. C.TheU.S.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:I’veheardthatgreatprogresshasbeenmadeinselfdrivingcars.SomeengineersaretestingthemnowinChinaandtheU.S.M:TheofficialsintheU.K.areworkingonlawsaboutselfdrivingcars.Maybewe’llsoonseepeopledrivingtheminourtown.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whydoesthewomanwanttochangeherbooking?AToprepareforameeting. B.Togohomeearlier. C.Toattendaparty.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:I’mLilyBrown.Ibookedasingleroomonline.M:Letmecheck…ItshowsthatthereisaroomfromFridaytoSundayunderyourname.W:Sorry,therearesomechangesnow.Afterthemeeting,I’llgotoaparty.SoI’mgoingtoleaveforhomenextMonday.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whydidn’tthemangotothediningroomatlunchtime?A.Hehadtoseeadoctor.B.Heneededtohavearest.C.Hehadlunchoutwithhisdaughter.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Howwasyourlunchbreak,Vince?Ididn’tseeyouinthediningroom.M:Ididn’tgotherebecauseI’mtootiredtoday.Mydaughterwassicklastnight,soIhadtotakecareofher.W:Oh,Ihopeshewillgetwellsoon.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Whentodoexercise. B.Howtostartaday. C.Wheretomeetfriends.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Forme,onehourofexerciseinthemorningisagoodwaytostartaday.ButifIdon’tshoweraftergoingtothegym,I’llfeelunfortablealldaylong.M:Well,Ialwaysdoexerciseonweekendafternoonswithmyfriends.第二节(共15小题;每小题分，满分分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.Howdoesthemanfeel?A.Excited. B.Anxious. C.Confident.7.Whatdoesthewomansuggestdoingintheend?A.Talkingwithteachersandfriends.B.Learningtocontrolemotions.C.Listeningtomorespeeches.【答案】6.B7.B【解析】【原文】W:Idon’tlikepushingyoutoprepareforthespeechpetition,butIwantyoutoenjoytheexperienceofsharingyourideaswithothers.M:Thanks,Tina.ButI’monlygoodatwritingpoems.It’dbeeasierformetopublishthesepiecesinsteadofdeliveringaspeechtoanaudience.W:Iknowhowyoufeel.Butourteachersandfriendswillbeexcitedtohearyouspeak.M:I’mworried,Tina.I’mjustnotthatconfidentlikeyou.W:Almostallpeoplefeelnervouslikeyoubeforegivingspeeches.Butsomepeoplelearnhowtomanagetheiremotions.Practicewithme,andI’llshowyoutheway.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8Wherearethespeakers?A.Athome. B.Inacar. C.Inarestaurant.9.Whatdoesthemanwanttodointhepark?A.Haveafternoontea. B.Relaxonthegrass. C.Flykites.10.Whatwillthespeakersprobablydonext?A.GotoJack’shome. B.Buyapieceofcloth. C.Drivetoacoffeeshop.【答案】8.A9.B10.A【解析】【原文】W:It’s20degreesoutside!WhatagoodchancetoenjoythespringtimeinCanada!Let’sgototheparkforapicnic.Manypeopleflykitesthere.M:Butwehadtoworkfromhomeuntil5:00p.m.Thesunsetwillbearound6:00p.m.Westillhavethreehoursuntilthen.W:OK.Ihaveabagwithpotatochipsandchocolatebars.Shouldwebringsomecoffeeortea?M:Idon’tneedanyfoodordrinks.Ijustwanttoliedownonthegrassandhaveabreathoffreshair.W:ThatsoundslovelyWealsoneedalargepieceofclothtolayonthegroundinthepark.M:Let’sstopbyJack’sapartmentontheway.Ashejusthadapicniclastweek,hemusthavewhatwewant.W:Good.Buthishomeiswithinwalkingdistance,sowecanwalkinsteadofdriving!听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】11.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Teacherandstudent. B.Brotherandsister. C.Classmates.12.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.Keepstudyingliterature.B.Chooseamajorshelikes.C.Talkwithherteachers.13.Whichsubjectdoesthewomanwanttolearn?A.Translation. B.Education. C.Math.【答案】11.B12.B13.C【解析】【原文】W:Ilovestudyingliterature,butI’mnotsureifIshouldkeepthismajorthroughtherestofmycollegeyears.It’saharddecisiontomake.M:Well,doyouhaveanyproblemswithyourclasses?W:Actually,theclassesaregreat,andIhavearelaxingschedule.I’mconsideringchoosingsomeothercourses.ButIdon’twanttoletMomandDaddown.M:Don’tworry.AlthoughMomandDadchoseliteratureastheirmajorwhentheywereincollege,youstillcanchooseanythingyouwant!They’llbehappyforyou.SoamI.W:Thanks.Ourfamilyhasapositiveimpactonmyinterests.Iknowyouwanttobeeatranslatorafteryougraduatenextyear.ButIjuststarteduniversityandwanttoconsiderotherdirections.M:That’sgreat.Whatabouteducation?W:Italkedwithmyteachersaboutthisbefore,butI’dliketotakemorecoursesinmathandscience.M:Ineverstudiedthosesubjectsmuch.Butifyou’dliketotrythem,you’llalwayshavemysupport!听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】14.Whatisthepurposeofthewoman’scall?A.Tohaveabusinesstalk.B.Totalkaboutherworkplan.C.Toknowabouttheman’sjobexperience.15.Whereisthemanworking?A.Atabank. B.Ataputershop. C.Ataforeigntradepany.16.Whatisthewoman’smainconcern?A.Howlongpeoplecanwork.B.Howmuchsheshouldpay.C.Howmanysalespersonssheneed.17.Whowillthemanprobablytalktonext?A.Asecretary. B.Asalesdirector. C.Ahiringmanager.【答案】14.C15.A16.A17.C【解析】【原文】W:Hello,isthatPatrickJones?M:Yes,Iam.W:Hi,thisisMrs.Norman.I’mcallingtoconfirmtheapplicationyousenttoourpany.You’dbeagoodfitforourteam.CanIhearmoreaboutyourworkexperience?M:Absolutely.Istudiedputertechnologyatuniversity.Butaftergraduating,Ichangedmyplan.Recently,I’vebeenstudyingbusinessandworkingatabank.W:Youappliedforasalesposition.Howdidtheideaeintoyourmind?M:Myroommateisasalespersoninaforeigntradepany.Hehasalwaystalkedabouthowtosellgardentoolsabroad.ThenIdecidedtofollowinhisfootsteps.W:Interesting,Patrick.We’reanewpanyandwanttofindyoungsalespeople.Onethingwecareaboutishowlongyou’dliketoworkhere.M:AsI’mayoungworker,it’smygoaltofindmywaywithinapanyinthefollowingyears.W:Great,Patrick.I’llinviteyoutomeetoursalesdirectornextweek.Butwhileyou’reonthephone,couldyoubrieflychatwithourhiringmanager?M:Sure,soundsgreat.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】18.WhathappenedtoSamanthalastmonth?A.Shelostherpetdog. B.Shewroteawarmstory. C.Shebegananewproject.19.WhendidthespeakerfirstmeetSamantha?A.Halfamonthago. B.Onemonthago. C.Oneyearago.20.WhatisSamanthaprobablydoing?A.Drivingtoafarm. B.Visitingapetshop. C.Goingtothestudio.【答案】18.A19.A20.C【解析】【原文】WeletoLocalLife.TodaywehaveawarmstoryaboutayounggirlnamedSamantha.Oneyearago,herprojectontheenvironmentbecamewellknownaroundourtown.Now,astoryaboutherdogisinspiringusagain.Lastyear,sheboughtherdogRoverfromapetshopinanothercity.Onedaylastmonth,sheleftRoveraloneinherhouse.Butwhenshecameback,shecouldn’tfindhim.Shewassosad.SoSamanthapostedinformationonlineandsearchedlocalparkswithsomevolunteers.Twoweeksago,shecameintoourstudiotomakeanewsannouncement.ThiswasthefirsttimeImetSamantha.Finally,becauseofSamantha’svariousefforts,Roverhasbeenfound.Thismorning,amansawadogwhilehewasworkingonhisfarm100kilometersnorthoftown.Then,herecognizedRoverfromthenews.HegotRoveronhistruckanddrovehimtoourTVstation.Now,he’sherewithRover.WearewaitingforSamanthahere,andwe’llupdatetheendofthisstory—sodon’tgoanywhere!Butfirst,let’slookattheweatherconditionstomorrow.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(15个小题;每题分，满分分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ATherearealotofmuseumsinLondon.Ofcourse,thereareworldfamousnamesliketheBritishMuseumandNaturalHistoryMuseum.Butthentherearemanytinyplainpeculiarmuseumsineverycornerofthecity.18StaffordTerraceTheKensingtonaddressprovidesachancetoseealateVictorian,middleclasshomethathassurvivedlargelyunchanged.Thehousewaspassedonfromonegenerationofthefamilytothenextandalmostalltheoriginaldecorationremainsunchanged.Thehouseclosesduringsummerformaintenance.Openinghours:2pm—5:30pmWed,Sat,SunBrunelMuseumAnexhibitioncelebratestheThamesTunnelasthebirthplaceofthetubesystem,andtheGreatEasternsteamshipasthefirstmodernoceanliner.ThesiteisaScheduledAncientMonumentandInternationalLandmarkSiteabovetheoldesttunnelintheUnderground,whichtellsthestoryofthemenwhoworkedinthedark,dodgingflamesandrawsewageeveryday.Openinghours:Daily10am—5pmTheCinemaMuseumThiscollectionofartifacts,memorabiliaandequipmenttellingthehistoryofcinemafromthe1890stothepresentisopenbytour(advancebookingrequired)whilethemuseumraisesfundstosecureitsfuture.Amongthedisplaysarecinemaseatsandsigns,stillsandposters,projectorsandothermachinery.Openinghours:11am—5pmMonFribyappointmentonlyDennisSevers’HouseDennisSevers’Houseisatimecapsuleattractioninwhichvisitorsareimmersedinauniqueformoftheatre.Thetourtakesyouthroughthecellar,kitchen,diningroom,smokingroomandupstairstothebedrooms.Itfeelsasthoughtheinhabitantshaddesertedtheroomsonlymomentsbefore.TheDennisSeversHousetourisunsuitableforchildrenastoursareconductedinsilence.Openinghours:Wed,Fri5pm—9pm21.IfyouareinterestedinthelifeofVictorian,whichmuseumshouldyouchoosetovisit?A.18StaffordTerrace. B.BrunelMuseum.C.TheCinemaMuseum. D.DennisSevers’House.22.WhatareyourequiredtodobeforevisitingTheCinemaMuseum?ALearnthehistoryofcinema. B.Bookahead.C.Raisemoney. D.Collectposters.23.Whatdothelistedmuseumshaveinmon?A.Theyareworldfamous. B.TheyareaccessibleonWednesday.C.Theyfeaturetubesystem. D.Theyaresuitableforchildren.【答案】21.A22.B23.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了位于伦敦的四个博物馆。【21题详解】推理判断题。根据“18StaffordTerrace”部分关键句“TheKensingtonaddressprovidesachancetoseealateVictorian,middleclasshomethathassurvivedlargelyunchanged.”（肯辛顿的住址让我们有机会看到维多利亚晚期的中产阶级住宅，它基本上没有发生变化。）可知，在18StaffordTerrace我们有机会看到维多利亚晚期的中产阶级住宅，由此可知，如果你对维多利亚时代的生活感兴趣，你应该选择参观18StaffordTerrace。故选A项。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据“TheCinemaMuseum”部分关键句“Openinghours:11am5pmMonFribyappointmentonly”（开放时间：周一至周五上午11点至下午5点（仅限通过预约））可知，只有提前预约才能参观TheCinemaMuseum，由此可知，参观TheCinemaMuseum之前，你需要提前预订。故选B项。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据“18StaffordTerrace”部分关键句“Openinghours:2pm5:30pmWed,Sat,Sun”（开放时间：星期三、星期六、星期日下午2:005:30）可知，18StaffordTerrace的开放时间中包含星期三；根据“BrunelMuseum”部分关键句“Openinghours:Daily10am5pm”（开放时间：每天上午10点至下午5点）可知，BrunelMuseum的开放时间中也包含星期三；根据“TheCinemaMuseum”部分关键句“Openinghours:11am5pmMonFribyappointmentonly”（开放时间：周一至周五上午11点至下午5点（仅限通过预约））可知，TheCinemaMuseum的开放时间中也包含星期三；根据“DennisSevers’House”部分关键句“Openinghours:Wed,Fri5pm9pm”（开放时间：星期三、星期五下午5:009:00）可知，DennisSevers’House的开放时间中也包含星期三，综上所述，文中列出的博物馆的共同点是它们都可以在星期三进入参观。故选B项。BEarthDayisApril22.Everyyear,peoplearoundtheworldobservethedaybyhelpingtocarefortheenvironment.Theycarryoutallkindsofactivitiesinanefforttobettertheplanet’sheath.Onewaytosupportthisgoalistogrowplantsnativetoyourarea.Thishelpswildlifelikebirdsandinsectsthatevolvedalongsidenativeplants.Formanyoftheseanimals,plantpollen(花粉)istheirfood.Nativepollinatorsoftencannotrecognizenonnativeplantsasfood.Thismeanstheydonotcollectthepollenorspreadplants’seeds.Plantingnonnativespeciescreatessocalled“fooddeserts”forpollinatorsincludingbees,birds,bats,butterfliesandmore.DougTaamyisaprofessorofentomologyattheUniversityofDelaware.Entomologyisthestudyofinsects.Hefoundthatnonnativeplantspeciescanharmthenaturalfoodchain,whichcanleadtoacollapseoftheenvironment.“Plantchoicematters,”hesaid.“Theplantswechoosetolandscapeourpropertiesshouldbedeterminedbyhowmuchlifecanlivethere.”Humansdependstronglyoninsects.Withoutthem,wewouldhavenofloweringplants,whichwouldharmthefoodwebthatsupportsimportantanimals.Birds,forexample,dependonplantsforfoodandspreadtheirseedswhilekeepingthepopulationsofharmfulinsectsdown.Insectssupportplantsthatprovideoxygen,cleanourwater,capturecarbonandaddnutrientstothesoil.Thatbuildstopsoilandpreventsflooding.Withoutinsects,thebiosphere—thelivingpartsoftheEarth—wouldrotbecauseofthelossofinsectdeposers.Humanssimplycouldnotsurvivethat,Tallamysaid.Inadditiontoprovidingfoodandhabitatforinsectsandotherwildlife,nativeplantsareabletogroweasilyanddonotrequiremuchcare.Thatmeanslesswateringandlessfertilizing.Thesituationisawinwinforgardenersandpollinators.24.Whichsectionofawebsiteisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A.Aroundtheglobe. B.Technologyreport.C.Thesecretofnature. D.HealthyLifestyle.25.Whyshouldweavoidplantingnonnativespecies?A.Theyattractmoreinsects. B.Theydoharmtonativeplants.C.Theyturnsoilintodesert. D.Theybreakthebalanceofnature.26.Inwhataspectarenativeplantssuperiortononnativeplants?A.Theyproducemoreoxygen. B.Theypreventfloodingmoreeffectively.C.Theyneedlesscare. D.Theyaddmorenutrientstothesoil.27.Whatdoestheauthoradviseustodo?A.Takeeffectivemeasurestoprotectinsects.B.RaiseenvironmentalawarenessonEarthDay.C.Makegreatefforttobettertheplanet'shealth.D.Plantnativeplantstosupportlocalenvironment.【答案】24.C25.D26.C27.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了为什么种植本地植物有助于改善地球的健康状况，保护环境。【24题详解】推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了为什么种植本地植物有助于改善地球的健康状况，所以本文是一篇环境保护类文章，可能出自网站的“大自然的秘密”部分。故选C项。【25题详解】细节理解题。由第二段中的“Plantingnonnativespeciescreatessocalled“fooddeserts”forpollinatorsincludingbees,birds,bats,butterfliesandmore.(种植非本土植物为包括蜜蜂、鸟类、蝙蝠、蝴蝶等在内的传粉者创造了所谓的“食物沙漠”)”和第三段中的“Hefoundthatnonnativeplantspeciescanharmthenaturalfoodchain,whichcanleadtoacollapseoftheenvironment.(他发现，非本土植物物种会损害自然食物链，从而导致环境崩溃)”可知，非本土植物物种会损害自然食物链，打破自然的平衡，所以要避免种植非本土植物物种。故选D项。【26题详解】细节理解题。由最后一段中的“Inadditiontoprovidingfoodandhabitatforinsectsandotherwildlife,nativeplantsareabletogroweasilyanddonotrequiremuchcare.(除了为昆虫和其他野生动物提供食物和栖息地外，本地植物能够轻松生长，不需要太多照料)”可知，比起非本地植物，本地植物需要更少的照顾。故选C项。【27题详解】推理判断题。由第一段中的“Theycarryoutallkindsofactivitiesinanefforttobettertheplanet’sheath.(他们开展各种活动，努力改善地球的健康状况)”，第二段中的“Onewaytosupportthisgoalistogrowplantsnativetoyourarea.(支持这一目标的一种方法是种植本地植物)”和最后一段“Inadditiontoprovidingfoodandhabitatforinsectsandotherwildlife,nativeplantsareabletogroweasilyanddonotrequiremuchcare.Thatmeanslesswateringandlessfertilizing.Thesituationisawinwinforgardenersandpollinators.(除了为昆虫和其他野生动物提供食物和栖息地外，本地植物能够轻松生长，不需要太多照料。这意味着减少浇水和施肥。这种情况对园丁和传粉者来说是双赢的)”可知，种植本地植物有好处，为了改善地球的健康状况，可得出作者建议我们种植本地植物以支持当地环境。故选D项。CWhenyouwereatschool,wereyouevertoldtostopdaydreamingandconcentrate?Itwaseasyforyourmindtowanderifyouweren’tinterestedinwhatyouwerelearningorifyouhadbetterthingstothinkabout.Stayingfocusedcanstillbeachallengeinadultlife,butunderstandinghowtodoit,andknowingwhatisdistractingyou,canhelp.Scientistshavelookedatwhatmakesusdistractandfoundanumberofwaystohelpusstayinthezone.Oneofthemostobviousthingsiseliminatingnoise.ResearchbyScienceFocusmagazinefoundsilenceisbestforconcentration.Italsofoundturningoffnotificationsonyourphone,orswitchingitoffaltogether,removesamajordistractionandhelpsusfocusonthetaskathand.Anotherpossiblecureforashortattentionspan(持续时间)isbraintraining.Psychologistsareincreasinglyinterestedinourabilitytogetdowntobusinessandhavelookedatwhatwecanchangeinsideourheadtomakeusconcentrate.AnarticleforBBCFuturebyCarolineWilliamssaysthat“AttentionResearcherNiliLavieofUniversityCollegeLondonhasfoundthatmakingataskmorevisuallydemandingtakesupmoreprocessingpowerandleavesthebrainnothinglefttoprocessdistractions.”So,keepingyourmindbusymightbetheanswer.Therearemorepracticaltipsonkeepingyourmindfocused.Theseincludemakingalistortimetableofthetasksyouhavetodo,findingaworkspacewhereyou’renottemptedtodootherthings,orchewingsomegum!It’spossiblethemovementinyourmouthoccupiespartsofthebrainthatmightotherwisegetdistracted.ButaccordingtoScienceFocusmagazine,“ifwewerealwayssofocusedthatwenevergotdistracted,we’dmisspotentialchanges,suchasthreats,inourenvironment.Distractionisvitalforsurvival.”28.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“stayinthezone”inparagraph2mean?A.Stayfocused. B.Keepsteady. C.Staycalm. D.Becareful.29.Howcanweextendattentionspan?A.Todovisualtask. B.Tomakethetaskeasier.C.Totrainprocessingdistraction. D.Tokeepyourmindbusy.30.Whatinformationdoesthelastparagraphconvey?A.It’shardtogetridofdistraction. B.Distractionisn’tallbad.C.Stayingfocusedcanavoiddangers. D.Beingsensitivetochangesisimportant.31.Whydoestheauthorwritethispassage?A.Todiscussthephenomenonofdaydreaming.B.Toshowtheharmofdistraction.C.Toofferhelpinkeepingconcentrated.D.Tointroducetheneweststudyresults.【答案】28.A29.D30.B31.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些帮助我们保持专注的方法。【28题详解】词句猜测题。根据画线短语下文“Oneofthemostobviousthingsiseliminatingnoise.ResearchbyScienceFocusmagazinefoundsilenceisbestforconcentration.”（最明显的事情之一是消除噪音。《科学焦点》杂志的研究发现，沉默最有利于注意力的集中。）可知，下文介绍了保持专注的方法之一是消除噪音，由此可知，画线单词所在句指的是科学家们找到了一些方法来帮助我们保持专注，方法之一是消除噪音，“Stayfocused”意为“保持专注”，能够表达画线短语在句中所要表达的意思。故选A项。【29题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段关键句“Anotherpossiblecureforashortattentionspan(持续时间)isbraintraining.”（另一种可能治疗注意力持续时间短的方法是大脑训练。）和“So,keepingyourmindbusymightbetheanswer.”（因此，让你的大脑保持忙碌可能是答案。）可知，治疗注意力持续时间短的方法是大脑训练。我们可以通过让大脑保持忙碌状态来延长注意力持续时间，由此可知，延长注意力持续时间的方法是让你的大脑忙碌起来。故选D项。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段内容“ButaccordingtoScienceFocusmagazine,“ifwewerealwayssofocusedthatwenevergotdistracted,we’dmisspotentialchanges,suchasthreats,inourenvironment.Distractionisvitalforsurvival.””（但据《科学聚焦》杂志称，“如果我们总是如此专注，以至于从不分心，我们就会错过环境中的潜在变化，例如威胁。分心对生存至关重要。”）可知，分心可以让我们意识到环境中的潜在变化，例如威胁，这对生存至关重要，由此可知，最后一段内容告诉我们分心并不全是坏事，分心可以让我们意识到环境中的潜在变化，对生存至关重要。故选B项。【31题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段关键句“Oneofthemostobviousthingsiseliminatingnoise.ResearchbyScienceFocusmagazinefoundsilenceisbestforconcentration.”（最明显的事情之一是消除噪音。《科学焦点》杂志的研究发现，沉默最有利于注意力的集中。）、第三段关键句“Anotherpossiblecureforashortattentionspan(持续时间)isbraintraining.”（另一种可能治疗注意力持续时间短的方法是大脑训练。）和第四段关键句“Therearemorepracticaltipsonkeepingyourmindfocused.”（关于保持注意力集中，还有更多实用的技巧。）可知，文章主要介绍了一些帮助我们保持专注的方法，例如消除噪音和大脑训练等，由此可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是帮助我们保持注意力集中。故选C项。DHandingpowertoolsovertoyoungstudentscouldresultinsomedisastroussituations.Butifthosetoolsarebinedwitheffectivesupervisionandteaching,thestudentscanlearnvaluablenewskillsandmightevenfindanewcareerpath.Onesuchprogram,inWashington,D.C.,aimstoteachwoodworkingandfinishedcarpentryskillstoteensandyoungadults.Itincludesawoodshop,pletelyhousedinsideatruck,whichactsasakindof“classroomonwheels.”TheMobileWoodshopprogramwasstartedbythenonprofitZenithmunityArtsFoundation.MargeryGoldberg,Zenith'sdirector,isanartist,woodsculptor,Shehadlongdreamedofcreatingamobilewoodshoptoasststudents.Thatdreamfinallycametruein2020,whenthecitygaveher.alargegrantfortheprogram.Goldbergbelieveswoodshopprogramscanhelppreparethenextgenerationofwoodworkers.StudentsatBalloucanlearnthesameskillsasabeginningcarpenterwould.Theseincludecutting,marking,measuring,nailingandhowtousedifferenttools.Thetruckisequippedwithalltheinstructionalmaterialsandtoolsnecessarytooperateasapletemobileclassroom.Mobileworkstationsarealsoavailablesostudentscanworkonprojectsoutsidethetruck.Ifstudentspasstheclass,theycanseektoentertheunionapprenticeship(学徒)programInsteadofausualfouryearapprenticeship,graduatesofthemobilewoodshopcanfinishinlesstime.JoeLargessisateacheratthewoodshop.Hesaidmuchoftheclasscentersonteachingstudents“softskills”Theseareskillsthataredesirableinalljobs,suchasteamwork,beingabletofollowinstructionsandarrivingtoworkontime.Studentsalsolearnbasicskillslikemathandhowtoreadaruler.LargesssaidtheclassatBallouseeks“tohelpsomepeoplewhowouldn’thavethechancetoevengetintotheapprenticeshipprogram,andgivethemalegup”.That,headded,can“hopefullyhelpthemwithabetterfuture”.32.WhydidMargeryGoldbergstarttheprogram?A.Tohelpadultsfindjobs.B.Togetgrantfromthegovernment.C.Toassiststudentsforthefuturecareer.D.Tospreadtheartofwoodsculpture.33.Howdoestheprogramrun?A.Thelocalcarpenters’unionisinchargeofteaching.B.Studentslearnonthetruckallthetime.C.Studentsbeginfromthebasicskillsofcarpentry.D.Studentscanentertheunionapprenticeshipprogramdirectly.34.WhatcanbelearnedfromJoeLargess’swords?A.Basicskillsforalljobsarethecenterofteaching.B.Studentsattheclassareslowlearners.C.Theclasshelpspeopleprepareforthefuture.D.TheapprenticeshipprogramisnotftforstudentsatBallou.35.Whichisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.ClassroomonWheels B.SkillsforaBetterFutureC.LearningtoFindaGoodJob D.MargeryGoldberg,anArtistandWoodSculptor【答案】32.C33.C34.C35.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了一个向青少年和年轻人传授木工和木工技能的学习项目，把木工车间安装在卡车里，供学生实践，充当“车轮上的教室”。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Butifthosetoolsarebinedwitheffectivesupervisionandteaching,thestudentscanlearnvaluablenewskillsandmightevenfindanewcareerpath.(但如果这些工具与有效的监督和教学相结合，学生可以学到有价值的新技能，甚至可能找到新的职业道路。)”以及第二段中“Onesuchprogram,inWashington,D.C.,aimstoteachwoodworkingandfinishedcarpentryskillstoteensandyoungadults.(华盛顿特区就有这样一个项目，旨在向青少年和年轻人传授木工和木工成品技能。)”可知，MargeryGoldberg要开办这个项目是为学生将来的职业发展提供帮助。故选C项。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“StudentsatBalloucanlearnthesameskillsasabeginningcarpenterwould.Theseincludecutting,marking,measuring,nailingandhowtousedifferenttools.(在Ballou的学生可以学习与初级木匠相同的技能。这些包括切割、标记、测量、打钉以及如何使用不同的工具。)”可知，学生从基本的木工技能开始这个学习项目。故选C项。【34题详解】推理判断题。根据第六段中“Hesaidmuchoftheclasscentersonteachingstudents‘softskills’Theseareskillsthataredesirableinalljobs,suchasteamwork,beingabletofollowinstructionsandarrivingtoworkontime.(他说，课程的大部分内容都集中在教授学生‘软技能’，这些技能在所有工作中都是需要的，比如团队合作、能够听从指示以及按时上班。)”以及最后一段中“That,headded,can‘hopefullyhelpthemwithabetterfuture’.(他补充说，这‘有望帮助他们拥有一个更好的未来’。)”可知，从JoeLargess的话中我们了解到这个课程帮助人们为未来工作做准备。故选C项。【35题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其根据第二段“Onesuchprogram,inWashington,D.C.,aimstoteachwoodworkingandfinishedcarpentryskillstoteensandyoungadults.Itincludesawoodshop,pletelyhousedinsideatruck,whichactsasakindof‘classroomonwheels.’(华盛顿特区就有这样一个项目，旨在向青少年和年轻人传授木工和木工技能。它包括一个完全装在卡车里的木工车间，充当一种‘车轮上的教室’。)”可知，本文主要讲述了一个向青少年和年轻人传授木工和木工技能的学习项目，把木工车间安装在卡车里，供学生实践，充当“车轮上的教室”。选项A“车轮上的教室”符合文章主题，适合做标题。故选A项。第二节(共5小题;每小题分，满分分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Inallone’slifetimeitisoneselfthatonespendsthemosttimebeingwithordealingwith.Butitisjustyourselfthatonehastheleastunderstandingof.Whenyouaregoingupwardsinlifeyoutendtooverestimateyourself.____36____Whenyouaregoingdownhillyoutendtounderestimateyourself.Togainacorrectviewofoneselfandbearealistisimportant.Youmaylookforwardhopefullytothefuturebutbesurenottoexpecttoomuch,foridealscanneverbefullyrealized.____37________38____Whetheryouthinkyouareatoweringtreeorabladeofgrass,ahighmountainorasmallstone,yourepresentastateofnaturethathasitsownreasonofexistence.Ifyouearnestlyadmireyourselfyou’llhavearealsenseofselfappreciation,whichwillgiveyouconfidence.Assoonasyougainfullconfidenceinyourself,you’llbeenabledtofightanydifficulty.____39____Showyourselflovingconcernaboutyourhealthanddailylife.Unlessyouknowperfectlywellwhenandhowtodoyourselfafavor,youwon’tbeconfidentandreadyenoughtoresisttheattackofillness.Asyouareaware,whatapersonphysicallyhasisbutahumanbodythat’svulnerable(脆弱的)whenexposetotheelements.____40____Inaword,togetathoroughunderstandingofoneselfistogetafullcontrolofone’slife.Thenonewillfindone’slifefullofcolorandflavor.A.Bepatientwithyourself.B.Thenyouneedturntoothersforhelp.C.Doingyourselfafavorwhenit’sneeded.D.Itseemsthateverythingyouseekforiswithinyourreach.E.Soifyoufallill,it’suptoyoutotakeagoodcareofyourself.F.Togetathoroughunderstandingofoneselfneedsselfappreciation.G.Youmaybecourageoustomeetchallengesbutkeepinmindyourlimitationaswell.【答案】36.D37.G38.F39.C40.E【解析】【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。本文告诉我们，不必妄自菲薄，也不用高估自己，要学会真正了解自己，自我肯定，学会排解情绪，掌控生活。【36题详解】根据上文“Whenyouaregoingupwardsinlifeyoutendtooverestimateyourself.(当你的生活积极向上时，你往往会高估自己)”并结合常识可知，人在顺利时会高估自己。D选项“似乎你所寻求的一切都在你力所能及的范围内。”与上文承接自然。故选D项。【37题详解】由上文“Togainacorrectviewofoneselfandbearealistisimportant.Youmaylookforwardhopefullytothefuturebutbesurenottoexpecttoomuch,foridealscanneverbefullyrealized.(正确认识自己，做一个现实主义者很重要。你可以满怀希望地展望未来，但不要期望太多，因为理想永远不会