河南省新乡市2024-2025学年高二英语上学期期中试题含解析

PAGEPAGE27河南省新乡市2024-2025学年高二英语上学期期中试题（含解析）考生留意：1.本试卷共150分，考试时间120分钟。2.请将各题答案填写在答题卡上。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案C。1.WhenwillTomcome?A.4:50.B.4:30.C.4:20.2.Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?A.Athome.B.Inarestaurant.C.Atthemarket.3.Whatdidthemandolastnight?A.Hestayedathometalkingwithhisfriend.B.Hewatchedtelevisionwithhisfriend.C.Hewenttoseehisschoolmate.4.Whatdoesthemanmean?A.Hemusthandinareportaboutthemuseum.B.Hehasalreadyvisitedthemuseum.C.Heistoobusytogowiththewoman.5.Whyisthemanunabletoanswerthewoman'squestionsnow?A.Hedoesn'thavetime.B.Heistootiredafterclass.C.Heisshopping.其次节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.WhatdoesthewomanthinkofworkinginIT?A.Theworkisnotgood.B.Theworkisveryhard.C.Theworkhastwoadvantages.7.Whatsuggestiondoesthewomangivetotheman?A.Don'tworkinIT.B.Avoidhighbloodpressure.C.Takebettercareofhimself.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Workmates.B.Husbandandwife.C.Fatheranddaughter.9.WhydidthemangotoFortaleza?A.Togoonabusinesstrip.B.Toenjoythescenery.C.Todosomeshopping.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Aperformance.B.Agreatmusician.C.Arockband.11.Whydidthemannamehisband“TheSand”?A.Sandcancoolonedown.B.Sandistoughandindependent.C.Sandissmallandcannotbeshaped.12.Whydidthebandgetanewmemberyearsago?A.Oneofitsmembersdied.B.Itsaudiencebecamelarger.C.Themarketforrockmusicwasgrowing.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.WhereisDonnynow?A.Athome.B.Onhisway.C.Inacinema.14.WhydidDonnyfailtoanswerthephoneat8:00?A.Hisphonewasn'ton.B.Hewasbusy.C.Hedidn'thearit.15.WhatwasDonnydoingat9:00?A.Hewasbuyingaticket.B.Hewaswatchingafilm.CHewasdrinkingcoffee.16.WhatdidDonnytalkaboutwiththemanager?A.Makingacomplaint.B.Applyingforajob.C.Gettinghismoneyback.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whatdidthespeakertreatpaintingasinthebeginning?A.Ajob.B.Adream.C.Ahobby.18.Howoftendoesthespeakerpaintnow?A.Threedaysaweek.B.Fivedaysaweek.C.Everyevening.19.Whendidthespeakerstartherpainting?A.Inthehighschool.B.Inthemiddleschool.C.Intheprimaryschool.20.Whatwillthelistenersdoafterwatchingavideo?A.Haveacoffeebreak.B.Leaveforanotherplace.C.Learntopaint.其次部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ATakeyourselfonanexcitingtripjustbyreadingoneofthesestories.TheBoyWhoBikedtheWorldbyAlastairHumphreysFeelingthattheremustbemoretolifethanschool,Tomsetsoutonajourneytocyclearoundtheworld.Inthefirstpartofhisadventures,hetravelsfromtheUKthroughEurope,andallthewaytothetipofSouthAfrica.VoyageoftheSparrowhawkbyNatashaFarrantAftertheFirstWorldWar,twochildrensetoutonajourneytofindtheirlostfamily.CanLottiandBenmakeitallthewayacrosstheEnglishChanneltoFranceaboardaboatwiththepoliceontheirtrail?Thisisawonderfulstoryoffriendship,braveryandhope.GoSaddletheSeabyJoanAikenWhen12-year-oldorphanFelixisgivenaparcelincludingaletterfromhisdeadfather,hedecidestoleavehisunhappylifeinSpainandtrackdownhislong-lostEnglishfamily.Heheadstothecoast-butthejourneyacrossmountainsandseasdoesn'tproveeasy.RacetotheFrozenNorthbyCatherineJohnsonTellingthereal-lifestoryofexplorerMatthewHenson,thisisthetaleofanordinarymanwhohasthechancetosetoutonawonderfuladventure.WhenhemeetsRobertPeary,HensonsoondecidestosetoutonajourneytotheNorthPole.1.WhydidLottiandBenstarttheirtrip?A.Theythoughtlifewasmorethanschool.B.Theytriedtogetbacktheirlovedpets.C.Theyhopedtofindtheirlostfamily.D.TheywantedtoexploretheNorthPole.2.WhichbookiswrittenbyCatherineJohnson?A.TheBoyWhoBikedtheWorld.B.VoyageoftheSparrowhauwk.C.GoSaddletheSea.D.RacetotheFrozenNorth.3.Whatdothesefourbookshaveincommon?A.Theyareallaboutadventure.B.Theyareallforchildren.C.Theyareallwrittenbyancientwriters.D.TheyarewrittenduringWorldWarⅡ.【答案】1.C2.D3.A【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了四本关于冒险的书，通过阅读其中任何一个故事，能让自己踏上一段激烈人心的旅程。【1题详解】细微环节理解题。依据VoyageoftheSparrowhawkbyNatashaFarrant中“AftertheFirstWorldWar,twochildrensetoutonajourneytofindtheirlostfamily.（第一次世界大战后，两个孩子踏上了找寻失散家人的旅程。）”可知，Lotti和Ben起先他们的旅行，希望找到失散的家人。故选C项。【2题详解】细微环节理解题。依据“RacetotheFrozenNorthbyCatherineJohnson（凯瑟琳·约翰逊著作的《奔向冰天雪地的北方》）”可知，凯瑟琳·约翰逊写了《奔向冰天雪地的北方》这本书。故选D项。【3题详解】推理推断题。依据第一段中“Takeyourselfonanexcitingtripjustbyreadingoneofthesestories.（通过阅读其中的一个故事，让自己踏上一段激烈人心的旅程。）”；TheBoyWhoBikedtheWorldbyAlastairHumphreys中“Inthefirstpartofhisadventures,hetravelsfromtheUKthroughEurope,andallthewaytothetipofSouthAfrica.（在他冒险的第一部分，他从英国到欧洲，一路旅行到南非。）”；VoyageoftheSparrowhawkbyNatashaFarrant中“AftertheFirstWorldWar,twochildrensetoutonajourneytofindtheirlostfamily.（第一次世界大战后，两个孩子踏上了找寻失散家人的旅程。）”；GoSaddletheSeabyJoanAiken中“Heheadstothecoast-butthejourneyacrossmountainsandseasdoesn’tproveeasy.（他前往海边——但穿越山脉和海洋的旅程并不简洁。）”；以及RacetotheFrozenNorthbyCatherineJohnson中“thisisthetaleofanordinarymanwhohasthechancetosetoutonawonderfuladventure（讲解并描述了一个一般人有机会起先一场奇异的冒险）”可知，这四本书它们都是关于冒险的。故选A项。BHundredsofyearsagotherewasakingofScotlandwhosenamewasRobertBruce.ThekingofEnglandwasatwarwithhim,andhadledagreatarmyintoScotland,Bruceledhispeopleinthedefenseoftheircountry.BattleafterbattlehehadfoughtwithEngland.SixtimesBrucehadledhisbravelittlearmyagainsthisenemies.Sixtimeshismenhadbeenbeaten.AtlastthearmyofScotlandwasentirelydefeated,andthekingwasforcedtohideinthewoodsandinlonelyplacesamongthemountains.Onerainyday,Brucelayinacave,tiredandfeltsickatheart,readytogiveupallhope,seemedtohimthattherewasnouseforhimtotrytodoanythingmore.Ashelaythinking,henoticedaspideroverhishead,gettingreadytoweaveherweb.Hewatchedherassheworkedslowlyandwithgreatcare.Sixtimesshetriedtothrowherinthreadfromoneedgeofthecavewalltoanother.Sixtimesherthreadfellshort.“Poorthing!”saidBruce.“You,too,knowwhatit’sliketofailsixtimesinarow.”Butthespiderdidnotlosehope.Withstillmorecare,shewasreadytotryforaseventhtime.Robertalmostforgothisowntroubleashewatched,fascinated.Sheswungherselfoutontheslenderthread.Wouldshefailagain?No!Thethreadwascarriedsafelytothecaveall,andfastenedthere.“Yes!”criedBruce“I,too,willtryaseventhtime!”Sohegotupandcalledhismentogether.Hetoldthemofhisplans,andsentthemoutwithhopefulmessagestocheerthediscouragedpeople.Soontherewasanarmyofbravemenaroundhim.Aseventhbattlewasfought,andthistimetheKingofEnglandwasforcedtoretreatbacktohisowncountry.4.HowdidKingBrucefeelafterhisarmywasbeatensixtimes?A.Easy. B.Cheerful. C.Angry. D.Hopeless.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“slender”inparagraph6mean?A.Thick. B.Thin. C.Short. D.Smooth.6.WhatencouragedKingBrucetofightagain?A.Hispowerfularmy.B.People’sserviceandsupport.C.Aidfromneighboringcountries.D.Thespider’seffortstoweavetheweb.7.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A.Nevergiveup.B.Thingsofonekindcometogether.C.Asonedoorcloses,anotherdooropens.D.Allthingsintheirbeingaregoodforsomething.【答案】4.D5.B6.D7.A【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章通过讲解并描述苏格兰的布鲁斯国王六战六败，受到蜘蛛织网不放弃的启发，第七次最终胜利战胜了英格兰国王的入侵，保卫了自己国家的故事。【4题详解】推理推断题。依据第三段“Onerainyday,Brucelayinacave,tiredandfeltsickatheart,readytogiveupallhope,seemedtohimthattherewasnouseforhimtotrytodoanythingmore.（一天下雨天，布鲁斯躺在一个山洞里，乏累不堪，心里特别难过。他打算放弃一切希望，好像觉得再做任何事情都没有用了。）”可知，布鲁斯国王的军队被战胜六次后，他感到无望。故选D项。【5题详解】词句揣测题。依据第六段中“Sheswungherselfoutontheslenderthread.Wouldshefailagain?No!Thethreadwascarriedsafelytothecaveall,andfastenedthere.（她在_____网线上纵身一跃。她会再次失败吗？不！这根网线被平安地运到网里，并牢牢地系在那里。）”可知，蜘蛛不畏惧失败，用纤细的丝结网，最终胜利。所以划线词slender意为“瘦长的，纤细的”。故选B项。【6题详解】细微环节理解题。依据第六段中“Wouldshefailagain?No!Thethreadwascarriedsafelytothecaveall,andfastenedthere.（她会再次失败吗？不！这根网线被平安地运到网里，并牢牢地系在那里。）”以及第七段中““Yes!”criedBruce,“I,too,willtryaseventhtime!”（“是啊！”布鲁斯叫道，“我也要试第七次!”）”可知，蜘蛛织网的努力促使布鲁斯国王再次参战。故选D项。【7题详解】推理推断题。依据其次段中“SixtimesBrucehadledhisbravelittlearmyagainsthisenemies.Sixtimeshismenhadbeenbeaten.（布鲁斯率领他那支英勇的小军队六次对抗敌人。六次他的人被战胜了。）”；第七段中““Yes!”criedBruce,“I,too,willtryaseventhtime!”（“是啊！”布鲁斯叫道，“我也要试第七次!”）”；以及最终一段中“Aseventhbattlewasfought,andthistimetheKingofEnglandwasforcedtoretreatbacktohisowncountry.（第七场战役打响了，这一次英国国王被迫撤退回自己的国家。）”可知，文章通过讲解并描述了布鲁斯国王六战六败，受到蜘蛛织网不放弃的启发，第七次最终胜利保卫了自己国家的故事，告知了我们“永不放弃”的道理。故选A项。CDoesjustthinkingaboutsteppinginsideagymmakeyoufeelexhausted?Ifso,here'ssomegoodnews.Oneoftheworld'slargeststudiesonphysicalactivityhasfoundthatdoinghouseholdchores（家务事）canbejustaseffectiveasrunningorworkingoutwhenitcomestocuttingyourriskofheartdiseaseandextendingyourlife.Ateamofresearchersdiscoveredthatpeopleenjoyedthesamehealthbenefitswhethertheyweregoingtothegym,walkingtoworkordoinghouseholdchores.Indeed,performing30minutesofanykindofphysicalactivityfivedaysaweekcouldreduceyourriskofdyingfromanycausesby28%andyourrateofheartdiseaseby20%.And,again,thepositiveeffectswerethesamewhethersomeonewasworkingout,walkingordoingchoressuchasmoppingthefloororgardening.“Walkingforatleast30minutesmostdaysoftheweekhasamassivebenefit,andhighlevelsofphysicalactivityisassociatedwithevenlowerriskofillness,"leadresearcherScottLearsaidaboutthefindings.“Byincludinglowandmiddle-incomecountriesinthisstudy,wewereabletodeterminethebenefitofactivitiessuchashavinganactivejoborevendoinghouseholdchores,”Learsaid.Henotedthat1in4peopleworldwidedonotget30minutesofexerciseaday,fivetimesaweek.Interestinglyenough,theCanadianstudyfoundnoceilingonthebenefitsofexerciseand"norisksassociatedwithextremelyhighlevelsofphysicalactivity",definedasmorethan2,500minutes,ormorethan41hoursperweek.Learsaidthatthosewhospentmorethan750minuteswalkingquicklyeachweekloweredtheirriskofprematuredeathby36%.8.Whatcanweinferaboutthestudyfromparagraph1?A.Womenshoulddomorehouseworkthanmen.B.Doinghouseworkmayhelptolivelongandhealthy.C.Peoplewithheartdiseasehadbetterdolesshousework.D.Doinghouseworkmakespeoplefeellesstiredthangoingtogym.9.WhatdoesScottLearsayabouthisfindingsonhealth?A.Sittinglongwilltakethehealthaway.B.Theexerciseswillmakelifemeaningful.C.It'sagoodideatowalklessthan30minutesaday.D.Highlevelsofphysicalactivitycanreducediseaserisk.10.Whatisthestudyinthetextmainlysupportedby?A.Statistics. B.Voices.C.Examples. D.Experiments.11.Whichisthebesttitleforthetext?A.ExerciseMovesforBetterStrengthandBalanceB.RisksFromHighLevelsofPhysicalActivityC.HouseholdChoresMayBeaSecrettoLivingLongerD.TheTwoFactorsDeterminetheBenefitofActivities【答案】8.B9.D10.A11.C【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了探讨发觉，做家务和体育熬炼一样，能够降低患心脏病的风险和延长寿命。【8题详解】推理推断题。依据文章第一段“Oneoftheworld'slargeststudiesonphysicalactivityhasfoundthatdoinghouseholdchores（家务事）canbejustaseffectiveasrunningorworkingoutwhenitcomestocuttingyourriskofheartdiseaseandextendingyourlife.(世界上最大的关于体育活动的探讨之一发觉，在降低患心脏病的风险和延长寿命方面，做家务和跑步或熬炼一样有效。)”可推知，做家务和熬炼一样有助于长寿和健康。故选B。【9题详解】细微环节理解题。依据文章第四段““Walkingforatleast30minutesmostdaysoftheweekhasamassivebenefit,andhighlevelsofphysicalactivityisassociatedwithevenlowerriskofillness,"leadresearcherScottLearsaidaboutthefindings.(首席探讨员ScottLear对探讨结果表示：“一周中大多数日子至少步行30分钟会有很大好处，而高水平的体育熬炼甚至可以降低患病风险。”)”可知，ScottLear认为高水平的体育活动可以降低患病风险。故选D。【10题详解】推理推断题。依据文章其次段“Indeed,performing30minutesofanykindofphysicalactivityfivedaysaweekcouldreduceyourriskofdyingfromanycausesby28%andyourrateofheartdiseaseby20%.(事实上，每周熬炼五天，每次30分钟，任何形式的体育活动都能使你因任何缘由死亡的风险降低28%，心脏病发病率降低20%。)”、第四段“Henotedthat1in4peopleworldwidedonotget30minutesofexerciseaday,fivetimesaweek.(他指出，全世界四分之一的人每周熬炼五次，每天熬炼30分钟。)”和最终一段“Interestinglyenough,theCanadianstudyfoundnoceilingonthebenefitsofexerciseand"norisksassociatedwithextremelyhighlevelsofphysicalactivity",definedasmorethan2,500minutes,ormorethan41hoursperweek.Learsaidthatthosewhospentmorethan750minuteswalkingquicklyeachweekloweredtheirriskofprematuredeathby36%.(好玩的是，加拿大的这项探讨发觉，熬炼的好处没有上限，而且“极高水平的体育运动也没有风险”。超高水平的体育运动定义为每周超过2500分钟，或超过41小时。李尔说，那些每周快速步行超过750分钟的人将他们过早死亡的风险降低了36%。)”可推断，文章中探讨的主要依据是数据。故选A。【11题详解】主旨大意题。依据文章第一段“Oneoftheworld'slargeststudiesonphysicalactivityhasfoundthatdoinghouseholdchores（家务事）canbejustaseffectiveasrunningorworkingoutwhenitcomestocuttingyourriskofheartdiseaseandextendingyourlife.(世界上最大的一项关于体育活动的探讨发觉，在降低患心脏病的风险和延长寿命方面，做家务和跑步或熬炼一样有效。)”及全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了探讨发觉，做家务和体育熬炼一样，能够降低患心脏病的风险和延长寿命。所以“HouseholdChoresMayBeaSecrettoLivingLonger(做家务可能是长寿的秘诀)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选C。DMorethanhalfoftheworld’swildtigerpopulationarethreatenedbyroadsbuiltdangerouslyclosetotheirhabitats,andgiantprojectsplannedacrossAsiacouldputtigersatevengreaterrisk.Tigers’habitatshavereducedby40%since2006,leavingfewerthan4000oftheanimalsinthewild.Thoselivingnearroadsareparticularlyattackedbecausetheyareatriskofbeinghitbyvehicles,havemoredifficultiesfindingfood,andareeasiertobekilled.Usingaglobaldataset,NeilCarterattheUniversityofMichiganandhiscolleaguescalculatedthatthetiger’scurrentrange,whichmostlydistributedinsouthandsouth-eastAsia,contains134,000kilometresofroads.Theyestimatedthat57%oftigerslivewithin5kilometresoftheseroads,whichisconsidereddangerouslyclose.Thisclosetoroadscouldbedecreasingtheworld’stigerpopulationbymorethan20%,theresearchers’modellingsuggests.Nearly24,000kilometresofnewroadsareplannedforconstructionwithinthetiger’srangeby2050,whichwillmakeitevenharderfortheanimalstoavoidtheserisks.“Newroadscouldbemademoretiger-friendlybybuildingthemawayfromkeytigerpopulations,banningovernighttraffic,installingroadsignstowarndriversofthepresenceoftigers,andbuildingtiger-friendlycrossingssothatwildanimalscansafelycrossforestsonbothsidesoftheroad,”saysCarter.ThesehavebeenbuiltonroadsandhighwaysinMalaysia.In2010,all13countrieswithwildtigerpopulationscommittedtoaplantodoublethetigerpopulationby2024.By2024,researchsuggestedthattheglobalwildtigerpopulationstoppeddecliningandhadincreased.“Buildingtiger-friendlyroadswillbecrucialtoreachingthisgoal,”saysCarter.12.Whatdoesparagraph2mainlyshow?A.Tigersareendangeredspecies.B.Tigersaretoolazytogoaround.C.Tigers’habitatshavebeenthreatened.D.Thetigers’populationhasdecreasedalot.13.What’sCarter’ssuggestionaboutincreasingthetigerpopulation?A.Buildingfewernewroads.B.Buildingprotectionareasfortigers.C.Buildingspecialroadsfortigerstogothrough.D.Improvingthelivingconditionsoftigers.14.WhatattitudedoesCarterhavetowardsthefutureoftigers?A.Worried. B.Optimistic.C.Conservative. D.Critical.15.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.Howtoprotecttigers.B.Howtobuildtiger-friendlyroads.C.Wildtigerpopulationwillincrease.D.Road-buildingthreatensthetigers’habitats.【答案】12.C13.C14.B15.D【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了道路修建威逼到了老虎的栖息地这一现象。探讨人员建议修建特地的道路供老虎通过，削减危急。【12题详解】主旨大意题。依据其次段中“Tigers’habitatshavereducedby40%since2006,leavingfewerthan4000oftheanimalsinthewild.Thoselivingnearroadsareparticularlyattackedbecausetheyareatriskofbeinghitbyvehicles,havemoredifficultiesfindingfood,andareeasiertobekilled.（自2006年以来，老虎的栖息地削减了40%，野生老虎数量不足4000只。生活在马路旁边的老虎特殊简洁受到攻击，因为它们有被车辆撞到的危急，更难以找到食物，更简洁被杀害。）”可知，本段主要说明白老虎的栖息地已经受到了威逼。故选C项。【13题详解】细微环节理解题。依据第四段中“andbuildingtiger-friendlycrossingssothatwildanimalscansafelycrossforestsonbothsidesoftheroad（并且修建老虎友好型的道路以便野生动物可以平安地穿过森林两边的路）”可知，Carter建议修建特地的道路供老虎通过。故选C项。【14题详解】推理推断题。依据最终一段中“By2024,researchsuggestedthattheglobalwildtigerpopulationstoppeddecliningandhadincreased.“Buildingtiger-friendlyroadswillbecrucialtoreachingthisgoal,”saysCarter.（到2024年，探讨表明，全球野生虎的数量停止了下降，起先增长。“建设对老虎友好的道路对实现这一目标至关重要，”Carter说。）”可知，Carter对老虎的将来持乐观的看法。故选B项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，特殊是依据第一段中“Morethanhalfoftheworld’swildtigerpopulationarethreatenedbyroadsbuiltdangerouslyclosetotheirhabitats,andgiantprojectsplannedacrossAsiacouldputtigersatevengreaterrisk.（世界上超过一半的野生虎数量受到道路建设的威逼，而在它们的栖息地旁边，亚洲各地安排的大型项目可能使老虎面临更大的危急。）”可知，本文主要讲解并描述了道路修建威逼到了老虎的栖息地。故选D项。其次节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）依据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Howtoprotectyourselfagainsttheflu?Nowwearefrightenedbyfluallovertheworld.____16____.Buthowcanweavoidit?Herearesomeways.___17___“Washyourhands”ispracticallywhatweoftenhearthesedays.Makesuretowashyourhandswithsoapforaminimumof20secondsanddryyourhandsonacleantowel.Inpublicrestrooms,avoidairdryers,whichblowdirtydustallovertheplace.Exercisecanhelpyoupreventtheflu___18___.Regularexercise,whichcanincludetakingfastwalks,hasbeenshowntoimproveyourimmunesystem,thusdecreasingyourlikelihoodofdevelopingacoldortheflu.Drinkgreentea.AccordingtoananalysispublishedinMolecules,greenteamayboostimmunity（免疫力）,helpingfightbothcoldandfluviruses.____19____.Drinkinggreentearegularlymayalsohelppreventinfectionshappeningagain—andcouldmakeyoulesslikelytogetoneinthefirstplace.Don'tcountonherdimmunityYoumayhavereadthatyoucanskipgettingvaccinated（接种疫苗的）ifyouliveinaplacewheremostpeoplehavehadthedisease,allowingyoutotakeadvantageofherdimmunity.Buteffectiveherdimmunityrequiresthatmorethan90%ofthepopulationbevaccinatedagainstadisease.Theexactpercentagedependsontheinfectionofthedisease,andthefluishighlyinfectious.Peopleshouldnotcountonherdimmunitytoprotectthem.____20____.A.Idon'tthinksoB.HerdimmunityprotectsnobodyC.Don'tskipyourregularworkoutD.ManypeoplehavebeeninfectedwithitE.ItcanwipeoutallthebacteriaeasilyF.SoapandwaterreallyarethebestdefenseG.Drinkinggreentearegularlyhelpsyourecoverfromacold【答案】16.D17.F18.C19.G20.B【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了预防流感的方法。【16题详解】依据前句“Nowwearefrightenedbyfluallovertheworld.(现在全世界的人都被流感吓坏了。)”可知，胆怯 流感，是因为好多人感染上流感。所以选择项D“Manypeoplehavebeeninfectedwithit.(许多人都感染了它。)”符合上下文语境。选择项中的代词it代指前句中的flu。故选D。【17题详解】考查本段小标题。依据下文“Makesuretowashyourhandswithsoapforaminimumof20secondsanddryyourhandsonacleantowel.(确保用肥皂洗手至少20秒，然后用干净的毛巾擦干手。)”及本段内容可知，本段主要介绍用肥皂洗手来防卫流感。所以选择项F“Soapandwaterreallyarethebestdefense.(肥皂和水的确是最好的防卫)”符合上下文语境。选择项中的“Soapandwater”和下文中的“washyourhandswithsoap”相一样。故选F。【18题详解】依据本段小标题“Exercisecanhelpyoupreventtheflu(运动可以帮助你预防流感)”和后句“Regularexercise,whichcanincludetakingfastwalks,hasbeenshowntoimproveyourimmunesystem,thusdecreasingyourlikelihoodofdevelopingacoldortheflu.(有规律的熬炼，包括快走，已经被证明可以改善你的免疫系统，从而降低你患感冒或流感的可能性。)”可知，要坚持有规律的熬炼。所以选择项C“Don'tskipyourregularworkout(不要忽视你有规律的熬炼。)”符合上下文语境。选择项中的“regularworkout”和后句中的“Regularexercise”相一样。故选C。【19题详解】依据前句“AccordingtoananalysispublishedinMolecules,greenteamayboostimmunity（免疫力）,helpingfightbothcoldandfluviruses.(依据发表在《分子》杂志上的一项分析，绿茶可以增加免疫力，帮助对抗感冒和流感病毒。)”和后句“Drinkinggreentearegularlymayalsohelppreventinfectionshappeningagain—andcouldmakeyoulesslikelytogetoneinthefirstplace.(常常喝绿茶还可以防止感染的再次发生，也可以让你从一起先就不太可能感染。)”可知，这里陈述喝绿茶的好处。所以选择项G“Drinkinggreentearegularlyhelpsyourecoverfromacold.(常常喝绿茶可以帮助你从感冒中复原。)”符合上下文语境。选择项中的“greentea”与前后句中的“greentea”相一样。故选G。【20题详解】依据本段小标题“Don'tcountonherdimmunity(不要希望群体免疫)”及前句“Peopleshouldnotcountonherdimmunitytoprotectthem.(人们不应当希望群体免疫来起到爱护作用)”可知，群体免疫不确定奏效。所以选择项B“Herdimmunityprotectsnobody.(群体免疫不能爱护任何人。)”符合上下文语境。选择项中的“Herdimmunity”和小标题及前句中的“herdimmunity”相一样。故选B。第三部分语言学问运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Everymorning,TerrillHaigler,30,putsonhisuniformandpreparesforhisday.Hetieshisworkboots,throwsonhisgreen____21____vest（背心）andputsonhisworkglovesforajobheloves:beingagarbageman.Thesanitation（卫生）workerknewthathehadto____22____thegapbetweensanitationworkersonthefrontlineslikehimselfandthecommunity.SoHaiglerstarted____23____andpostingvideosonInstagramto____24____theeverydaylivesofwhatsanitationworkersare____25____duringthepandemic（流行病）。“Ifeelthatthepublicdon'tunderstandwhythetrash____26____arebadforpeople'shealth,”Haiglersaid."So,IstartedanInstagrampagejusttogivepeoplea（n）____27____ofwhatitistobeasanitationworker."Haiglerwantspeopletoknowhow____28____agarbagemanis.Peoplestartedwatchingthe____29____.Andoncehisfollowingrose,Haiglersetoutto_____30_____hisfellowemployees.He_____31_____aT-shirtwithatrashmanlogo.Injustafewweeks,Haiglerhassoldmorethan1,000T-shirtsandhas_____32_____morethan$25,000.Heusesthemoneytobuy_____33_____protectiveequipmentandcleaning_____34_____forsanitationworkersinthecity.Now,hehasmorethan18,000_____35_____.Withhissocialmediafollowersincreasing,Haiglerstartedreceiving_____36_____fromfans.Theysentthingslikedrinkingwater,foodandcoldtreat.Sincethestartofthepandemicthe_____37_____oftrashhasincreasedatleast30%.Withthisincrease,notonlyisheworkingharderandlonger,healsoconstantlyworriesabouthis_____38_____,ashedoesnotknowwhosetrashhe'spickinguporifthatpersonistestedpositiveforCOVID-19."We're_____39_____fightingthepandemiclikeeverybodyelse.Sogiveussomesupportandgiveusalittle_____40_____,"headded.21.A.activity B.reality C.safety D.anxiety22.A.discover B.fill C.repair D.bridge23.A.recording B.copying C.following D.watching24.A.show B.find C.indicate D.suggest25.A.breakingthrough B.goingthrough C.lookingthrough D.cuttingthrough26.A.recycles B.deliveries C.treatments D.delays27.A.try B.idea C.relief D.interview28.A.important B.poor C.simple D.smart29.A.cartoons B.films C.videos D.shows30.A.help B.teach C.promote D.train31.A.spotted B.purchased C.recognized D.created32.A.borrowed B.raised C.spent D.included33.A.spiritual B.casual C.personal D.natural34.A.supplies B.energies C.pipes D.pictures35.A.colleagues B.listeners C.followers D.employees36.A.letters B.emails C.telephones D.donations37.A.quality B.waste C.amount D.level38.A.money B.health C.wealth D.study39.A.frequently B.actually C.gradually D.strangely40.A.time B.control C.hope D.respect【答案】21.C22.D23.A24.A25.B26.D27.B28.A29.C30.A31.D32.B33.C34.A35.C36.D37.C38.B39.B40.D【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲解并描述环卫工人海格勒在Instagram上录制并发布视频，展示在流行病期间环卫工人的日常生活，希望人们给与环卫工人更多的支持和敬重。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他系好工作靴，穿上绿色平安背心，戴上工作手套，起先了他酷爱的工作：清洁工。A.activity活动；B.reality现实；C.safety平安；D.anxiety焦虑。作为环卫工人，须要穿上平安背心。故选C。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：环卫工人知道他必需缩短像他一样在第一线工作的环卫工人和社区之间的差距。A.discover发觉；B.fill装满；C.repair修理；D.bridge缩短……差距。依据“SoHaiglerstarted____3____andpostingvideosonInstagramto____4____theeverydaylivesofwhatsanitationworkersare____5____duringthepandemic（流行病）。”可知，海格勒在Instagram上录制并发布视频的目的就是让人们更加了解环卫工人，缩短与社区之间的差距。故选D。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，海格勒起先在Instagram上录制并发布视频，展示在流行病期间环卫工人的日常生活。A.recording记录；B.copying复制；C.following跟随；D.watching观看。依据“andpostingvideosonInstagram”可知，先录制视频，再发布。故选A。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，海格勒起先在Instagram上录制并发布视频，展示在流行病期间环卫工人的日常生活。A.show展示；B.find发觉；C.indicate指示；D.suggest建议。海格勒起先在Instagram上发布视频的目的是向人们展示在流行病期间环卫工人的日常生活。故选A。【25题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：因此，海格勒起先在Instagram上录制并发布视频，展示在流行病期间环卫工人的日常生活。A.breakingthrough突围；B.goingthrough经验；C.lookingthrough阅读；D.cuttingthrough克服。依据“duringthepandemic（流行病）。”可知，展示环卫工人在流行病期间的经验。故选B。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我觉得公众不明白为什么垃圾处理的延迟对人们的健康有害。A.recycles回收；B.deliveries递送；C.treatments对待；D.delays耽搁；延迟。依据“arebadforpeople'shealth”可知，垃圾处理的延迟会对人们的健康有害。故选D。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以，我在Instagram上开了一个页面，让人们了解什么是环卫工人。A.try尝试；B.idea想法；C.relief欣慰；D.interview采访。依据“IstartedanInstagrampage”可知，海格勒在Instagram发布视频的目的是让人们更加了解环卫工人。givesb.anideaof让某人了解。故选B。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：海格勒想让人们知道清洁工的重要性。A.important重要的；B.poor贫困的；C.simple简洁的；D.smart聪慧的。依据“IstartedanInstagrampagejusttogivepeoplea（n）____7____ofwhatitistobeasanitationworker.”可知，让人们更加了解环卫工人的目的是让人们知道清洁工的重要性。故选A。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：人们起先看视频。A.cartoons卡通；B.films电影；C.videos视频；D.shows表演。依据上文“SoHaiglerstarted____3____andpostingvideosonInstagram”提示可知，人们起先看海格勒的视频。故选C。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他的追随者增加时，海格勒起先帮助他的同事们。A.help帮助；B.teach教；C.promote促进；D.train训练。依据下文“Heusesthemoneytobuy____13____protectiveequipmentandcleaning____14____forsanitationworkersinthecity.”可知，海格勒起先帮助和他一起做环卫工作的同事们。故选A。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他创建设计了一件印有“垃圾工”标记的T恤。A.spotted认出；B.purchased购买；C.recognized分辨；D.created创建。依据“Injustafewweeks,Haiglerhassoldmorethan1,000T-shirts”可知，这是海格勒自己创建设计的T恤。故选D。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在短短几周内，海格勒就卖出了1000多件T恤，并筹集了2.5万美元的善款。A.borrowed借；B.raised筹集；C.spent花费；D.included包括。依据“Injustafewweeks,Haiglerhassoldmorethan1,000T-shirts”可知，海格勒通过卖T恤筹集的资金。故