高中英语语法分专题全面复习第十二讲宾语从句和表语从句讲解与练习

宾语从句

宾语从句在句子中起宾语作用。宾语从句分为三类:动词的宾语从句,介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句.学习宾语从句要抓住三要素：连接词、语序和时态。1.连接词连接词一般都是that(指事务或人),which（指事）,who（指人）1．从句为陈述句，常选择连接词that或将that省略，直接与主句相连。2．从句为一般疑问句，常选择连接词if或whether。在whether…ornot结构中不能用if替换。3．从句为特殊疑问句，常选择what,when,where,which,who,how等的疑问代、副词作连接词。注意：当who为主语时，句式为：who+谓语+其他2.判断时态情况：1.主句是一般现在时，从句为各种时态情况。eg．Hesays(that)hewillleaveamessageonmydesk.Theyknow(that)heisworkinghard.2.主句是一般过去时，从句为各种相应过去时态注意：从句是客观真理时，用一般现在时。Heansweredthathewaslisteningtome.Fathertoldmethatpracticemakesperfect.3.注意：A宾语从句必须用陈述语序。Heiswonderingwhenhecanfinishthisdifficultjob.B有时候可以用it作形式宾语，而把真正的宾语从句放在后面。Ithoughtitimpossiblethathecouldfinishthisjobinjusttwohours.YoumaydependonitthatIshallalwayshelpyou,C带有宾语从句的复合句的否定形式一般是否定主句。Idon’tthinkhelikestheEnglishteacher.注意：引导词that在宾语从句中的用法（that不能省略的情况）当一个动词带有两个或两个以上宾语从句时,此时第一个that可以省略,第二个that不可以省略;eg．Ibelieve（that）youhavedoneyourbestandthatthingswillgetbetter．当宾语从句有it做形式宾语时eg．Shemadeitclearthatshehadnothingtodowithhim．当主语谓语动词(包括非谓语动词)与宾语从句之间有插入语时;if,whether在宾语从句中的用法①if和whether在作“是否”解时,引导宾语从句常放在动词know,ask,care,wonder,findout等之后,介词后一般不用if②whether后可以加ornot,但是if不可以③.在不定式前只能用whether.如：Ican’tdecidewhethertostay.我不能决定是否留下④避免歧异时,我们常用whether而不用if表语从句定义：表语从句就是用一个句子作为表语。位于系动词之后，说明主语身份，特征，属性或状态。Theproblemispuzzling.Theproblemiswhenwecangetapayrise.主语

连系动词

形容词作表语主语连系动词一个句子作表语---表语从句结构：主句+系动词+表语从句连接表语从句与主句的关系词主要有三类：1.

从属连词：that（无有词义，不可省略）,whether（表示是否时，只能用whether引导表语从句）2.

关系代词：who（主格）whom（宾格）,whose（所有格what（什么）,which（哪个，哪些）3.

关系副词：when（什么时候）where（什么地方）why（为什么）,how（怎样）例如：Thefactisthatwehavelostthegame.That’sjustwhatIwant.Thisiswhereourproblemlies.Thatiswhyhedidn’tcometothemeeting.Itlooksasifitisgoingtorain.注意：（重点看）1.

表语从句要用陈述语序。如：

Thatiswherethefamousscientistwasborn.Thisiswhysheissohappytoday

2.

that和what在引导表语从句时，that本身没有词义，在句中只起连接作用，不充当句子成分；

what则表示“所……的（人或事）”，在表语从句中充当主语或宾等。3.记住两个常用句型:A.Thereasonisthat.....B．Thatiswhy（because）....意为“这就是……的原因/因此……”1.ThesewildflowersaresospecialIwoulddo_____Icantosavethem.A.whatever B.thatC.which D.whichever2.Acomputercanonlydo_________youhaveinstructedittodo.A.how B.after C.what D.when3.Ireadaboutitinsomebookorother,doesitmatter_______itwas?A.where B.what C.how D.which4.—Ithinkit’sgoingtobeabigproblem.—Yes,itcouldbe.—Iwonderwecandoaboutit.A.if B.how C.what D.that5.Thisdependson_________theweatherisfine.A.which B.whether C.if D.that6.CouldIspeakto____isinchargeofInternationalSalesplease?A.who B.what Cwhoever D.whatever7.Parentsaretaughttounderstand______importanteducationistotheirchildren’sfuture.A.that B.how C.such D.so8.Theroadiscoveredwithsnow.Ican’tunderstand______theyinsistongoingbymotor-bike.Awhy Bwhether Cwhen Dhow9.Theotherday,mybrotherdrovehiscardownthestreetat_________Ithoughtwasadangerousspeed.A.as B.which C.what D.that10.Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachild_______heorshewants.A.however B.whatever C.whichever D.wherever11.Theshopkeeperdidnotwanttosellfor______hethoughtwasnotenough.A.where B.how C.what D.which12.Iwassurprisedbyherwords,whichmademerecognize___sillymistakesIhadmade.A.what B.that C.how D.which13.Thewayhediditwasdifferentwewereusedto.A.inwhich B.inwhat C.fromwhat D.fromwhich14.Thepooryoungmanisreadytoaccept___________helphecanget.A.whichever B.however C.whatever D.whenever15.Marywroteanarticleontheteamhadfailedtowinthegame.A．why B．what C．who D．that16.Somepeoplebelieve___iseasierforsmallcountriestobecomestrongandrichthanforlarge____.A.that;country B.it;one C.that;countries D.it;ones17.Idon’tknow________Mr.Greenwillcometoseeus.He’llhelpuswithourEnglish.A.why B.when C.how D.where18.—Becareful!Don’tbreakthebottles.Doyouhear______Isaid?David?—Yes,MumA.what B.that C.why D.if19.—Doyouknow_______Mr.Black’saddressis?—HemayliveatNO.18orNo.19ofBridgeStreet.I’mnotsureof______.A.where,which B.where,what C.what,which D.what,where20.Areyouinterestedin_____?A.howdidhedoit B.hedidithow C.howhedidit D.hehowdidit21Thehow-tobookcanbeofhelpto___wantstodothejob.A.who B.whomever C.nomatterwho D.whoever22.Ifind_____importantthatwepracticeEnglisheveryday.A.it B.this C.that D.what23.—Whatdidyouparentsthinkaboutyourdecision?—Theyalwaysletmedo_______IthinkIshould.A.when B.that C.how D.what24.Pleaseremindme_________hesaidhewasgoing.Imaybeintimetoseehimoff.A.where B.when C.how D.what25.Marywroteanarticleon_________theteamhadfailedtowinthegame.A．why B．what C.who D.that26.SomeoneisringingthedoorbellGoandsee________.A.whoishe B.whoheis C.whoisit D.whoitis27.Iwanttoknow_______hecancomehereontime.A．who B.when C.where D.if28.I’dlikeknow_______youwantbest.A.that B.what C.which D.where29.Theteacheraskedthenewstudent________classhewasin.A.which B.where C.if D.that30.—Haveyoufinishedthebook?---No,I’vereadupto_________thechildrendiscoverthesecretcave.A.which B.what C.that D.where31.Hismotherinsistedthathe___thecoatwhengoingout.A.puton B.putson C.toputon D.puttingon32.ThedoctoradvisedthatMr.Malan____anoperationrightawaysoastosavehislife.A.had B.wouldhave C.have D.wasgoingtohave33.Weshouldrespectfoodandthinkaboutthepeoplewhodon’thavewehavehereandtreatfoodnicely.A.that B.which C.what D.whether34.Asanewgraduate,hedoesn’tknowittakestostartabusinesshere.A.how B.what C.When D.which35.Howmuchoneenjoyshimselftravellingdependslargelyonhegoeswith，whetherhisfriendsorrelatives？A．what B．who C．how D．why36.IwanttobelikedandlovedforIaminside.A.who B.where C.what D.how37.Beforethesalesstart,Imakealistof______mykidswillneedforthecomingseason.A.why B.what C.how D.which38.Theteachertoldthechildrenthatthesunround.A.wasB.isC.wereD.are39.Idon’tknowtovisittheoldman.A.whetherB.ifC.thatD.who40.Thesoldierssoonreachedwasonceanoldtemplethevillagersusedasaschool.A.which;whereB.what;whichC.where;whichD.what;where41.Thequestionis________wewillhaveoursportsmeetnextweek.A.thatB.ifC.whenD.whether42．Thereasonwhyhefailedis________hewastoocareless.A.becauseB.thatC.forD.becauseof43.Goandgetyourcoat.It’s________youleftitA.whereB.thereC.therewhereD.wherethere44．Theproblemis_________totaketheplaceofTedA.whocanwegetB.whatwecangetC.whowecangetD.thatwecanget45.WhatIwanttoknowis______helikesthegiftgivenbyus.A.thatB.ifC.whetherD.不填46.Thereasonis_________Imissedthebus.A.thatB.whenC.whyD.what47.Thatis_____wewerelatelasttime.A.thatB.whenC.whyD.what48.Shelooked_________sheweretenyearsyounger.A.thatB.likeC.asD.asthough49.—Ifellsick!--Ithinkitis_______youaredoingtoomuch.A.whyB.whenC.whatD.because50.Thereasonwhyhehasn’tcomeis___________.A.becausehismotherisillB.becauseofhismother’sbeingillC.thathismotherisillD.forhismotherisill51.—Hewasbornhere.--Thatis_______helikestheplacesomuch.A.thatB.whatC.whyD.how52.Thatis______LuXunoncelived.A.whatB.whereC.thatD.why53．_______yourfatherwantstoknowis________gettingonwithyourstudies.A.What;howareyouB.That；howyouareC.How；thatyouareD.What；howyouare54.Thetroubleis__________weareshortoftools.A.whatB.thatC.h