新北师大版高中英语必修3UNIT9LEARNING单元复习GRAMMAR课件

Unit9

LearningSectionⅣ单元复习Grammar走近新课一起感知语法探究·一起思考随

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习

走近新课一起感知语法感知选择正确的答案1.Theoldmanplanned

(tobuild/building)anewhousethenextyear.

2.Mysisterisconsidering

(changing/tochange)herpresentjob.

3.Unluckily,theboyfailed

(passing/topass)thefinalexam.

tobuildchangingtopass4.Hepromised

(tooffer/offering)ussomepracticaladvice.

5.Alargeamountofmoney

(was/were)wastedontheproject.

6.Notonlythegirlbutalsoherparents

(is/are)fondofthefilm.

toofferwasare语法探究·一起思考知识脉络语法精讲知识脉络语法精讲一、接动词-ing形式或不定式的动词1.接动词-ing形式的(短语)动词有:admit,advise,avoid,can’thelp,can’tstand,consider,delay,enjoy,fancy,finish,giveup,imagine,keep,mind,miss,practise,putoff,risk,suggest等Ireallycan’tstandworkingwithsuchaselfishperson.我确实无法忍受和这样自私的人一起共事。ThesedaysmybrotherispractisingspeakingEnglish.这些天我哥哥正在练习说英语。2.接不定式的(短语)动词有:afford,agree,appear,arrange,ask,attempt,choose,decide,expect,fail,help,intend,learn,manage,offer,plan,persuade,pretend,promise,refuse,seem,tell,wish,wouldlike/love/prefer等Herparentscouldn’taffordtosendhertoschoolatthetime.当时她的父母没有钱送她去上学。Later,shechosetobeateacherinthecountryside.后来,她选择在乡下做了一名老师。Don’tworry!Hehaspromisedtohelpuswhenwegetintotrouble.不用担心!他已经答应在我们遇到麻烦时帮助我们。【即学即用】

单句语法填空①Doyoumind

(open)allthewindowsnow?

②Intheendtheboyadmitted

(cheat)intheexam.③Whenshegrewup,shechose

(be)adoctor.

④Themandecidedtodelay

(announce)theresult.

⑤Hemanaged

(find)anemptyroomforthehomelesschildren.

openingcheatingtobeannouncingtofind3.既可以接动词-ing形式也可以接不定式的动词有:①begin,continue,intend,start这些动词后跟动词-ing形式或不定式意思上差别不大,或意思相同。Hestartedtobuild/buildinghisownlaboratory.他开始建造他自己的实验室。②hate,like,love,prefer大部分表示“喜欢”或“不喜欢”的动词常跟动词-ing形式,也可以接不定式,但有时在意思上略有区别。Ihatedrivingalongonalongjourney.我不喜欢独自一人长途开车。Hehatestolietohismother.他讨厌对他的妈妈撒谎。③forget,mean,regret,remember,stop,try这些动词后面用动词-ing形式和用不定式意思不同。regrettodosth遗憾地要去做某事regretdoingsth做了此事之后感到后悔Iregrettosaythatthemeetingwasn’tsuccessful.我很遗憾地说,这个会议没有成功。Sheregretsmentioningittome.她后悔向我提及此事。remembertodosth记得要去做某事rememberdoingsth记得曾做过某事Remembertosendanemailtoyourmother.记得给你妈妈发一封邮件。Doyourememberseeinghimthere?你记得在那里见到他了吗?stoptodosth停下正在做的事,开始做另一件事stopdoingsth停止正在做的事情Theystoppedtohavearest.他们停下来休息。Westoppedtalkingbecauseweheardastrangenoiseoutside.我们停止了谈话,因为我们听到外面有奇怪的声音。trytodosth努力、尽力做某事trydoingsth试着做某事,看是否可以达到预期的结果ItriedtoringyoubutIcouldn’tgetthrough.我尽力给你打电话,但是我打不通。I’lltrybakingbreadtonight.今晚我要尝试烤面包。【即学即用】

翻译句子①很遗憾地告诉你,你被解雇了。②我记得被我父母带到公园的事情。Iregrettotellyouthatyouhavebeenfired.Irememberbeingtakentotheparkbymyparents.③很抱歉,但是我的本意并不是要伤害你。④不要忘记在周末给你父母写信。I’msorry,butIdidn’tmeantoharmyou.Don’tforgettowritetoyourparentsatweekends.二、主谓一致英语中主语和谓语保持一致——即谓语动词的形式必须随着主语人称和数的变化而变化——叫主谓一致。英语中的主谓一致常见的有下列几种情况:(一)语法结构的一致1.由连词and或both...and...连接的两个并列成分作主语,其谓语动词一般用复数。BothTomandhislittlebrotherhavepassedtheexam.汤姆和他弟弟都通过了考试。注意

①当and连接的两个词或词组表达的是同一个人、物或概念时,谓语动词用单数。如果这两个词都是名词,则第二个名词前不用冠词。Thepeasantandwriterismakingaspeechinthemeetingroom.那位农民作家正在会议室里发表演讲。②主语后有with,togetherwith,like,but,aswellas,except,including,ratherthan,besides等引导的词或短语时,谓语动词要和前面的主语保持一致。Theteachertogetherwithsomestudentsisvisitingthefactory.老师带着一些学生正在参观工厂。2.两个并列的名词前有each,every等修饰时,谓语动词一般用单数。Eachstudentandeachteacherwasgivenaticket.每个学生和老师都发了一张票。Everymanandeverywomanisatwork.所有人都在工作。3.在正式的文体中,由notonly...butalso...,neither...nor...,either...or...,or等连接两个并列主语时,其谓语动词与其靠近的主语保持一致。therebe句式也是如此。Notonlythestudentsbutalsotheteacherhasn’tcome.学生们和老师都没来。Neitherthechildrennorthemotherlikesthiskindofmusic.孩子们和妈妈都不喜欢这种音乐。EitheryouorIamtoblame.你或我该受责备。Thereisabookandtwopensonthedesk.书桌上有一本书和两支钢笔。【即学即用】

单句语法填空①Thestudent,togetherwithhisclassmates,

(go)totheparkeverySunday.

②Eitherthemanorhisbrothers

(invite)tothepartylastnight.

goeswereinvited③Notonlyfoodbutalsosomeclothes

(send)tothatarea.

④Itisyou,ratherthanyoursister,

(be)toblamefortheaccident.

havebeensentare(二)意义一致原则1.表示时间、金钱、距离、体积、重量、面积等的复数名词作主语时,通常将其视为一个整体,谓语动词用单数。Twomilesistoofarforthechild.两英里路程对这个孩子来说太远了。2.集合名词family,class,crowd,team,government,company,group等作主语时,如果强调整体,谓语动词用单数;如果强调个体,谓语动词用复数。Ourclassisbetterthananyotherclassatplayingfootballinourschool.在我们学校,我们班在踢足球方面比其他任何班都好。(强调整体)Hisfamilyarewaitingforhimtocomebackfromabroad.他的家人正在等他回国。(强调个体)3.当people,police,cattle等词作主语时,谓语动词往往用复数。Thepolicearesearchingforthelostchild.警察正在寻找那个失踪的孩子。4.不定代词anyone,anybody,anything,everyone,everybody,everything,someone,somebody,something,noone,nobody,nothing,each,theother,either,neither等作主语时,谓语动词用单数。Sinceeveryoneishere,let’sbeginourmeeting.既然大家都到了,我们开会吧。5.代词none作主语时,谓语动词用单数还是用复数,主要由说话人的意思来决定。但代表不可数名词时,谓语动词只能用单数。Noneofthemknows/knowtheanswers.他们中没有人知道答案。Noneoftheinformationabouthimhasbeenreceived.没收到一点关于他的消息。6.专有名词作主语表示国家、机构、事件、作品等名称的专有名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数。One

Thousand

and

One

Nightstellspeoplelotsofmysteriousfolklore.《一千零一夜》给人们讲了许多神秘的民间传说。TheUnitedNationsplaysanimportantroleintheinternationalaffairs.联合国在国际事务中起着重要作用。7.动词不定式、动词-ing形式或从句作主语时,谓语动词用单数。Howtosolvetheproblemistobediscussedatthemeeting.如何解决这个问题要在会上讨论。Whetherhewillhelpuswithitdoesn’tmattertoomuch.他是否帮我们处理它关系不大。Readinginthesunisbadforyoureyes.在阳光下读书对你的眼睛有害。【即学即用】

翻译句子①全家人正在吃饭,这时有人敲门。②他们中没有人愿意在台上展示自己。Thefamilywerehavingsupperwhensomeoneknockedatthedoor.Noneofthemarewillingtopresentthemselvesontheplatform.③什么时候举行会议还没决定。④考试前听音乐能使你放松。Whentoholdameetinghasn’tbeendecidedyet.Listeningtomusicbeforetheexamcanmakeyourelaxed.(三)需要注意的几种情况1.当百分数或分数修饰的名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数还是用复数由名词来决定。Aboutthreefourthsofthesurfaceoftheearthiswater.地球表面大约四分之三是水。About50percentofthestudentsinourschoolaregirls.我们学校大约百分之五十的学生是女生。2.由“kind(type,sort,species,portion,series)of”等修饰的主语,其谓语形式取决于这些词的单复数而不是它们后面所跟的名词。Thisnewtypeofbusesisnowonshow.(Busesofthisnewkindarenowonshow.)现在正展出一种新型的公共汽车。Allkindsofdifficultieshavetobeovercome.必须克服各种各样的困难。Aseriesofdebatesbetweenthelecturerswasscheduledforthenextweekend.讲师之间一系列的辩论安排在下周末举行。3.anumberof(许多),avarietyof(各种各样的)和agroupof(一群,一组)修饰名词作主语时,谓语动词要用复数形式。但是thenumberof(……的数目)和thevarietyof(……的种类)修饰名词作主语时,谓语动词要用单数形式。试比较:Anumberofstudentsarefromthesouth.不少学生来自南方。Thenumberofstudentsfromthesouthislarge.来自南方的学生数量很多。Avarietyoftoysareonsaleinthatshop.那个商店出售各种各样的玩具。Thevarietyofgoodsonsaleinthatshopissurprising.那个商店出售的货物品种多得惊人。【即学即用】

单句语法填空①Twothirdsofthemoney

(spend)onthisproject.

②Intheolddays,thiskindofknives

(use)tocutthehardthings.

③Aseriesofaccidents

(happen)inthisstreetsofar.

hasbeenspentwasusedhavehappened翻译句子④参加这个活动的人的数量是500。⑤四分之三的村民现在生活得很幸福。Thenumberofthepeopletakingpartintheactivityis500.Threequartersofthevillagersareleadingahappylifenow.随

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习一、选择正确的答案1.Look!There

(is/are)abagandsomebooksonthelongtable.

答案:is2.Theteacherandwriter

(is/are)talkingtothechildrenkindly.

答案:is3.Anumberofrunners

(was/were)verytiredafterthelongjourney.

答案:were4.Tomysurprise,thegirloffered

(giving/togive)mesomeadvice.

答案:togive5.Theoldmansuggestedus

(borrowing/toborrow)someequipment.

答案:borrowing6.Thethiefattempted

(escaping/toescape)fromthehouse,butfailed.

答案:toescape7.Whenshestayedthere,shepretende