2016届高考英语阅读理解考点专题复习检测11

阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Sometimes,thesimplestideasarethebest.Forexample,toabsorbheatfromthesuntoheatwater,youneedlarge,flat,blacksurfaces.Onewaytodothatistobuildthosesurfacesspecially,ontheroofsofbuildings.Butwhygotoallthattroublewhencitiesarefullofblacksurfacesalready,intheformofasphalt(柏油)roads?Tenyearsago,thisthoughtcameintothemindofAriandeBondt,aDutchengineer.Hefinallypersuadedhisbosstofollowitup.Theresultisthattheirbuildingisnowheatedinwinterandcooledinsummerbyasystemthatreliesonthesurfaceoftheroadoutside.Theheat-collectorisasystemofconnectedwaterpipes.Mostofthemrunfromonesideofthestreettotheother,justundertheasphaltroad.Some,however,divedeepintotheground.Whenthestreetsurfacegetshotinsummer,waterpumpedthroughthepipespicksupthisheatandtakesitundergroundthroughoneofthedivingpipes.Atadepthof100metresliesanaturalaquifer(蓄水层)intowhichseveralheatexchangers(交换器)havebeenbuilt.Thehotwaterfromthestreetrunsthroughtheseexchangers,warmingtheground-water,beforereturningtothesurfacethroughanotherpipe.Theaquiferisthususedasaheatstore.Inwinter,theworkingsystemischangedslightly.Waterispumpedthroughtheheatexchangerstopickuptheheatstoredduringsummer.Thiswatergoesintothebuildingandisusedtowarmtheplaceup.Afterperformingthattask,itispumpedundertheasphaltanditsremainingheatkeepstheroadfreeofsnowandice.1.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothefirsttwoparagraphs?A.AriandeBondtgothisideafromhisboss.B.Large,flat,blacksurfacesneedtobebuiltincities.C.TheDutchengineer’ssystemhasbeenwidelyused.D.Heatcanalsobecollectedfromasphaltroads.2.Forwhatpurposearethedivingpipesused?A.Toabsorbheatfromthesun.B.Tostoreheatforfutureuse.C.Toturnsolarenergyintoheatenergy.D.Tocarryheatdownbelowthesurface.3.Fromthelastparagraphwecanlearnthat.A.somepipeshavetobere-arrangedinwinterB.thesystemcandomorethanwarmingupthebuildingC.theexchangerswillpickupheatfromthestreetsurfaceD.lessheatmaybecollectedinwinterthaninsummer4.Whatismostlikelytobediscussedintheparagraphthatfollows?A.Whatweshalldoifthesystemgoeswrong.B.Whatweshalldoiftherearenoasphaltroads.C.Howthesystemcoolsthebuildinginsummer.D.Howthesystemcollectsheatinspringandautumn.【参考答案】1-4DDBC阅读理解。阅读下列短文,从给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。Withoutproperplanning,tourismcancauseproblems.Forexample,toomanytouristscancrowdpublicplacesthatarealsoenjoyedbytheinhabitantsofacountry.Iftouristscreatetoomuchtraffic,theinhabitantsbecomeannoyedandunhappy.Theybegintodisliketouristsandtotreatthemimpolitely.Theyforgethowmuchtourismcanhelpthecountry'seconomy.Itisimportanttothinkaboutthepeopleofadestinationcountryandhowtourismaffectsthem.Tourismshouldhelpacountry,keepthecustomsandbeautythatattracttourists.Tourismshouldalsoadvancethewealthandhappinessoflocalinhabitants.Toomuchtourismcanbeaproblem.Iftourismgrowstooquickly,peoplemustleaveotherjobstoworkinthetourismindustry.Thismeansthatotherpartsofthecountry'seconomycansuffer.Ontheotherhand,ifthereisnotenoughtourism,peoplecanlosejobs.Businessescanalsolosemoney.Itcostsagreatdealofmoneytobuildlargehotels,airports,airterminals,first­classroads,andothersupportfacilities(配套设施)neededbytouristattractions.Forexample,amajorinternationalclasstourismhotelcancostasmuchas50thousanddollarsperroomtobuild.Ifthisroomisnotusedmostofthetime,theownersofthehotellosemoney.Buildingahotelisjustabeginning.Theremustbemanysupportfacilitiesaswell,includingroadstogettothehotel,electricity,sewerstohandlewaste,andwater.Allofthesesupportfacilitiescostmoney.Iftheyarenotusedbecausetherearenotenoughtourists,jobsandmoneyarelost.1．Whichofthefollowingdoyouthinkhasbeendiscussedinthepartbeforethisselection?A．Itisextremelyimportanttodeveloptourism.B．Buildingroadsandhotelsisessential.C．Supportfacilitiesarehighlynecessary.D．Planningisofgreatimportancetotourism.答案：D本文一开始便讲如果没有适当的计划，旅游业会带来的各种问题，可见前文叙述适当计划的好处，以正反两方面来阐述。2．Theunderlinedword“inhabitants”(inParagraph1)probablymeans________.A．tourists B．passengersC．population D．citizens答案：D文中提到太多游客来该国inhabitants喜欢的地方，可见它指本国本土的居民。3．ToomuchtourismcancausealltheseproblemsEXCEPT________.A．abadeffectonotherindustriesB．achangeoftourists'customsC．over­crowdofplacesofinterestD．pressureontraffic答案：B本文提到旅游业过于兴旺会带来的各种后果中提到了A、C、D，但没有说会改变游客的风俗习惯。4．Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthat________.A．theauthordoesn'tliketourismdevelopingsofastB．localpeoplewillbenefitfromtouristattractionC．otherpartsofacountry'seconomywon'tbenefitfromtourismmuchD．wecan'tbuildtoomanysupportfacilities答案：B从文中的讲述可以推知，旅游业会使当地人获益。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。Asthenewsemesterbegins,millionsofcollegestudentsacrossthecountryaretryinghardtorememberhowbesttowriteapaperor,morelikely,howbesttodelaythatpaper.Procrastinationisthethiefoftimeandalotofstudentssufferfromit.Theycanspendwholedaysinthelibrarydoingnothingbutstaringintospace,eatingsnacks,surfingtheInternet,watchingvideosandlookingatotherstudentssittingaroundthem,who,mostlikely,aredoingnothingeither.Paralyzedbytheirhabittoprocrastinate,theywritemicroblogsabouttheirfears,askingtheironlinefriendsiftheysometimeshavethesameissue.Butthisdoesnothingtobreakthespell(魔咒).Accordingtoarecentreport,95percentofusprocrastinateatsomepointand20percentoftheworld’spopulationarealwaysprocrastinating.Thefiguresaredisappointing.Procrastinatorsarelesswealthy,lesshealthyandlesshappythanthosewhodon’tdelay.Procrastinatorsliketofindexcuses"tojustifytheirbehavior,butBBCcolumnistRowanPellingsaystheyareallwrong.Manyprocrastinatorstellthemselvestheyareperfectionistswhoworkbestunderpressure.Pellingsaysthisisnonsense,asworkdoneatthelastminuteismorelikelytohavemistakesthanworkdoneontime.Thebehaviorofprocrastinatorsoftenmakesthemfeelashamed,inconveniencesothersandannoyslovedones.Pellingalsopointsoutthatprocrastinationfeelsparticularlydelinquent(过失的）inasocietythatthinksofswiftactionasadmirable,and,attimes,evenasamoralgood.Fortunately,socialscientistshavethrowntheirweightbehindeffortstounderstandthisbehavioralmistakeandofferstrategiestocontrolit.PiersSteel,aCanadiansocialscientistandauthorofTheProcrastinationEquation,believeshumanis“designed”toprocrastinate.Nevertheless,hesuggestsacoupleofgoodwaystogetthroughthetaskathand.41.Fromthefirsttwoparagraphswecanlearnthat_____.A.procrastinationisbeneficialtomanystudentsB.manystudentsareundergreatpressureintheirstudyC.lotsofcollegestudentsareworkinghardtowritegoodarticlesontimeD.manystudentsaregettingintothehabitofdelayingfinishingtheirtasks【答案】D【解析】段落大意题。根据中心句Procrastinationisthethiefoftimeandalotofstudentssufferfromit.可知许多学生都有拖延完成任务的时间的习惯，故选D。42.Accordingtothepassage,procrastinationprobablyrefersto_____.A.abadhabitB.aseriousillnessC.adifficulttaskD.aformofentertainment【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。根据Procrastinationisthethiefoftimeandalotofstudentssufferfromit.Paralyzedbytheirhabittoprocrastinate,可知拖延是一种坏的习惯，故选A。43.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisWRONG?A.Procrastinationmakespeoplewastetheirtime.B.Procrastinatorsusuallycompletetheirtasksperfectly.C.Swiftactionisconsideredasamoralstandardinthesociety.D.Procrastinationiscommonamongpeople.【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。根据Manyprocrastinatorstellthemselvestheyareperfectionistswhoworkbestunderpressure.Pellingsaysthisisnonsense,asworkdoneatthelastminuteismorelikelytohavemistakesthanworkdoneontime.拖延时间完成作业有可能因为时间紧，会出现更多的错误，选项B叙述的是拖延时间有可能完成工作更好，这与原文不符，故选B。44.Whichbehaviorbelongstoprocrastination?A.Neverdreamawaythetime.B.Alwayscompletethetasksaheadoftime.C.Neverputofftilltomorrowwhatshouldbedonetoday.D.Alwayswaittoworkuntilthe“goodmood”or“goodtime”.【答案】D【解析】细节理解题。根据Procrastinationisthethiefoftime拖延时间就是开始有任务时不做，等到自己感觉有好心情了，有好时机了在做，故选D。45.Whatismostlikelytobediscussedintheparagraphthatfollows?A.Measurestodealwithprocrastination.B.Approachestohandlingthestudypressures.C.Moreexamplestoillustrateprocrastination.D.IntroductiontothebookTheProcrastinationEquation.【答案】A【解析】推理判断题。根据Nevertheless,hesuggestsacoupleofgoodwaystogetthroughthetaskathand.既然存在拖延时间的坏习惯，那么就应该采取措施处理这种坏习惯，故选A。2015高考英语（附解析答案）Ⅰ.单项填空1．He'sperfectly________toliveinthemountainandpaintpicturesallday，thoughheisbadlyoff.A．curious B．proud C．anxious D．content解析考查形容词词义辨析。curious好奇的；proud骄傲的；anxious焦急的；content满足的。句意：尽管他清贫，但对于能够住在大山里面整天作画，他感到非常满足。答案D2.The________lookonhisfaceshowedthathehadn'texpectedit.A．astonished B．astonishingC．beingastonished D．havingastonished解析考查形容词作定语。astonishedlook(因看到、听到或知道某事而)感到震惊的表情；astonishinglook(表情本身)令人吃惊的表情。句意：他脸上吃惊的表情说明他是始料未及的。可知应选A项。答案A3．Hewasrobbedlastnight,but________hedidn'thavemuchonhimthen.A．fortunately B．eventuallyC．certainly D．surprisingly解析fortunately幸运地；eventually最终；certainly当然；surprisingly吃惊地。句意：昨晚他被抢了，但幸运的是当时他没带多少钱。答案A4．—Jane,Peterhasgotawell­paidjobinaforeigncompany.—Youmeanheis________thanheusedtobe.A．badlyoff B．welloffC．worseoff D．betteroff解析由句意“……你的意思是他比以前有所好转了”可知应选betteroffthan...比……富有；worseoffthan...比……更差。答案D5．Wewereastonished______thetemplestillinitsoriginalcondition.A．finding B．tofindC．find D．tobefound解析考查含不定式的固定句式的用法。掌握“主语＋adj.＋todosth.”这一句式是解题的关键。难度较低。句意：我们惊讶地发现那座寺庙还是原来那个状况。“主语＋adj.＋todosth.”为固定句式，不定式在句中作原因状语，该句式中的不定式通常用其主动形式。答案B6．Don'tgiveup!Ifyouworkhard,youwill________thisproblem.A．defeat B．respond C．inspect D．overcome解析考查动词词义辨析。defeat打败；击败；respond回应；答复；inspect视察；检察；overcome克服(困难)。句意：不要放弃，只要你努力，你会克服这一问题的。答案D7．Withthegoodcaretakenbydoctorsandnurses,manypatientsarebeginningto________.A．pickout B．turnupC．turnout D．pickup解析考查动词短语辨析。句意：因为有医生和护士们的精心照料，很多病人都处于康复当中。可知应选D项。答案D8．ItwassodarkinthecinemathatIcouldhardly______myfriend.A．turnoutB．bringoutC．calloutD．pickout解析句意：电影院里是那么黑以至于我几乎辨认不出我的朋友。turnout—appear出现，露面；bringout—causesth.toappear；publishsth.使显出，出版；callout—shout，cry大声叫喊，大声说出；pickout—distinguishsb./sth.fromsurroundingpeopleorthings分辨出某人(某物)。从句意判断，答案应为pickout。答案D9．Ifthere'salotofwork________，I'mhappytojustkeeponuntilitisfinished.A．todo B．tobedoingC．done D．doing解析句意：如果还有一些工作要做，我乐意坚持做完。不定式todo表示将要做的事情，故选A。答案A10．Dogshaveaverygood______ofsmellandareoftenusedtosearchforsurvivorsinanearthquake.A．senseB．viewC．meansD．idea解析句意：狗有很好的嗅觉，常常用于搜寻地震中的幸存者。sense感官，感觉，如：asenseofsmell/hearing/taste/touch嗅/听/味/触觉。view观点，看法；means方法；idea主意，想法。答案A11．Theteacherst