Unit3TheworldofScienceDevelopingideas课件高中英语

Theworldofscience-developingideasBook3Unit3WhoisheBenjaminFranklinWhatdidhedoHehelpeddrafttheDeclarationofIndependenceandtheUSConstitution（宪法）.《theDeclarationofIndependence》独立宣言apartfrom除了...beknownas作为...而文明PART.02BenjaminFranklinFoundingFathersoftheUSDeclarationofIndependenceleadingauthor,printer,publisher,diplomat,scientistandinventor.HeisundounbtedlyimportanttoAmericans.WhatmadehimfamousReadLearningtolearnandanswerthequestions.WhatisthefeatureofanessaytitleWhatdoyouusuallyknowfromanessaytitlefocuson

集中注意力于...PART.02FRANKLIN’SEXPERIMENT:HowMuchIsTrueHowdoyoudescribethispictureWhatistheweatherlikeWhatisthetallermandoingWhataretheobjectscircledPART.02Accordingtothetitle,whatdoyouthinkthispassageismainlyaboutAccordingtothetitle,doyouthinkFranklin’sexperimentistrueornotReadthetitleanddiscussthequestions.HowMuchIsTruePART.02WhatisthetextmainlyaboutA.ThestoryofFranklin'sexperimentistrueornot.B.TheaimofFranklin'sexperiment.C.TheprocedureofFranklin'sexperiment.D.TheeffectofFranklin'sexperiment.Carefulreading1.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardsFranklin’sexperimentA.skepticalB.optimisticC.criticalD.positiveReadPara.1andanswerthequestions.2.UnderlineasupprtingsentenceinPara.1ReadPara.2andfillintheexperimentreport.ExperimentThekitelightningexperimentAimMaterialProcedureConclusionLightningwasaformofelectricity.AkitewithastringandametalkeyFirst,Franklinflewakitewithastringandametalkey.Then,whenaflashoflightninghitthekite,electricitywasconductedthroughthestringtothekey.Finally,touchingthekey,Franklingotanelectricshock.Totestiflightningwasreallyproducedbyelectricity.ReadPara.3-5andanswerthequestion.Findoutchangesofpeople’sattitudestowardsFranklin’sexperiment.2.Numberthestatements.Franklin'sspiritofscientificexplorationisstillconsideredaninspiration.PeopleareamazedatandinspiredbyFranklin'sexperiment.ScientistsquestionwhatreallyhappenedinFranklin'sexperiment.PART.02BeginThenFinalPeopleareamazedatandinspired

by

Franklin’sexperiment.Scientists

question

whatreallyhappened

inFranklin’sexperiment.Franklin’sspiritofscientificexploration

isstillconsideredaninspiration.

6Admittedly,fictionisoftenmoreinterestingthanthetruth.PeoplehavebeenmoreinspiredbyFranklin’sspiritofscientificexplorationthanbythefactsthemselves.Butinscience,factsshouldbeprovedbyexperimentsandresearch,andweshouldnotalwaysbelieveeverythingwereadorhear–evenifitisagreatstory.ReadPara.6andgetmoredetailedinformation.HowMuchIsTruePART.02What’sthepurposeofthepassageA．Tellusafunnystory.B．Tellusastoryofagreatscientist.C．Tellusthatweshouldn’talwaysbelieveeverythingwereadorhear.D．Telluslightningisreallyproducedbyelectricity.Para.1IntroductionPara.2WhatistheexperimentPara.3-5People’sattitudeshavechangedoveryears.Para.6Conclusiontrue:Franklin’sexperimentdidtakeplace.Thedetailaboutthestringandthekeyistrue.untrue:Whatreallyhappenedisquestioned.MaybeFranklindidn’ttouchthekeybecausehewouldcentainlyhavediedfromtheelectricshock.WhatmaybetrueanduntrueinFranklin’sexperimentrespectively各自、分别地WhyPART.02Think&share1.DoyouthinkitmattersthatFranklin’sexperimentmightnotbetrueWhyItdepends.Althoughtheexperimentisnottrue,itamazedusbyFranklin’sbravery,hisscientificapproachtolookingforthetruthandhisspiritofscientificexploration.However,forthedevelopmentofscience,experimentsmustbebasedonfacts.eg:2.Whatisyouropinionaboutthestatement陈述“...weshouldnotalwaysbelieveeverythingwereadorhear—evenifitisagreatstory”Think&shareeg.Sometimesareallygreatstorymaynotbetrue,andweneedtohavecriticalthinking.3.Whatqualitiesdoyouthinkagreatscientistshouldhaveobservantbraveobjectivepersistentcuriousdevotedimaginative...Think&share4.InwhatwaysdoscientistscontributetosocietyThink&shareFirstly,scientificdiscoveriespromotethedevelopmentofoursociety.Secondly,thecontributionsofscientistsinmedicineextendourlifespan.Thirdly,scientistshaveinventedalotofsurprisingtoolsthatfundamentallyimproveourlivingstandards.THANKS1.Apartfrombeingasuccessfulstatesman,hewasalsowellknownasaleadingAmericanauthor,printerandpublisher,successfuldiplomat,creativescientistandinventor.他除了是一位成功的政治家外，还是一位杰出的美国作家、印刷商和出版商、成功的外交官、富有创造力的科学家和发明家。e.g.Wedidn'tseeanyoneallday,apartfromacoupleofkidsonthebeach.

Apartfromhisearningsasafootballcoach,healsoownsandrunsachainofsportsshops.apartfrom:exceptfor除……以外

aswellas除……以外（还）;此外apartfrom,inadditionto/besides与except易混词(组)用法例句apartfrom“除了……(还)”，当指“包括在内”时相当于besides，当指“不包括在内”时相当于except(for)Apartfromtheending,it’sreallyagoodfilm.inadditionto/besides“除了……之外”，强调除这些之外还包括其他SheunderstandsFrenchbesides/inadditiontoEnglish.except“除……之外”，指从整体中除去一部分，除去的部分要排除在外，其后可接that/when引导的从句HegetsupearlyeverydayexceptSunday.【语境应用】选词填空。1)Somepeoplechoosejobsformoney,whileotherpeoplechoosejobsforreasons_____________(besides/except)moneythesedays.2)Thesunisshiningbright,andthewindfeelssoft.Everythingisperfect______________(apartfrom/besides)thetrafficjam.3)_____________________________(apartfrom/besides/inadditionto)LiHua,eightstudentsaregoingtotakepartinthesportsmeetingtobeheldthisFriday.besidesapartfromApartfrom/Besides/Inadditionto2.However,newresearchsuggeststhatthestorymaybefictioninsteadoffact.然而，新的研究表明，这个故事可能是虚构的，不是事实。e.g.CanwerecyclethepaperinsteadofdumpingitLet'splaycardsinsteadofwatchingtelevision.insteadof:inplaceof；ratherthan而不是，代替后接名词、代词或动名词形式作宾语。insteadof与instead易混词(组)用法例句insteadof介词短语，后面一般接名词(短语)、代词、动名词(短语)作宾语Insteadofbeingannoyed,heseemedquitepleased.instead副词，单独使用MrWangisill.MrLiwilltakehisplaceinstead.【语境应用】选词填空：instead与insteadof1)Hedecidedthathewoulddriveallthewayhome____________puttingupatahotelforthenight.2)Jackdidn’thavenoodlesforlunch.___________,hehadriceandfish.insteadofInstead3.Thewell-knownstoryisthattheAmericanFoundingFatherandscientistflewakiteduringastormin1752.这一广为人知的故事讲述了这位美国开国元勋和科学家在1752年的一场暴风雨中放风筝的经历。

that引导的表语从句，that只起引导作用，在从句中不做成分。flyakite放风筝4.Heraisedthekitewithapieceofstringtiedtoit.他在风筝上面系了一根绳子，把风筝放上天。本句中“with+宾语+宾语补足语”的复合结构作定语，宾语补足语可以是名词、形容词、介词短语、副词、动词-ing形式（表主动进行）、动词-ed形式（表被动完成）、动词不定式（表将来）等。这种结构常在句中常用作状语，表示伴随情况或行为方式等。withapieceofstringtiedtoit是“with+宾语+宾语补足语”的复合结构，该结构作定语，修饰thekite，动词过去分词短语tiedtoit作宾语补足语。e.g.Themanwithhisarmscrossedonhischestistheheadmasterofourschool.双臂交叉在胸前的那个人是我们学校的校长。Ourteachercameinwithabookinhishand.我们的老师手里拿着一本书进来了。Withaboyleadingtheway,theystartedtowardsthevillage.由一个小男孩领着路，他们朝那个村子去了。Ihavetogotobedwithnothingtodo.

由于没有什么事情可以做，所以我只好上床睡觉。Thecityliesinavalleywithhighmountainsaroundit.这座城市位于一个由高山环抱的山谷中。

【语境应用】单句语法填空。1)Ilivedinthehousewithitsdoor________(face)tothesouth.2)Lisawaspunishedbyhermotherbecauseshewentouttoplaywithoutherhomework________(finish).facingfinished仿写下列句子。1)他头枕着胳膊睡着了。2)有这么多盘子要洗，我不能出去了。Hewasasleepwithhisheadonhisarms.Ican’tgooutwithsomanydishestowash.5.Ametalkeywasattachedtothestring.

细绳上绑着一把金属钥匙。attachv.tofasten,joinorconnect;toplaceorfixinposition

系;绑;贴;固定;连接;附上toconsidersthhavethatquality

认为……有（重要性、价值、意义等）e.g.Thehospitalisattachedtothefamousmedicalschool.Weneedtoattachgreatimportancetoprotecting

ourenvironment.attachto把……系在……上，把……附在……上attachgreatimportance/significance/valueto重视attachedadj.

依恋；依附于beattachedto附属于；依恋/爱慕……attachmentn.

连接；附属物，附件；依恋，爱慕e.g.Heissoattachedtothenetworkgamesthatheoftenmissedtheclasses.Infantsmayformattachmentstoanycaregiver.Pleasefindmyapplicationletterandresume(简历)intheattachment.attach,join与connect词条用法例句attach“系上；缚上；附加；连接”，指把局部接在整体上面、小的接在大的上面、活动的接在固定的上面Weusedpastetoattachourdesignstotheposter.join“连接，联结”，侧重把原来不相连的物体紧密地连接在一起，但仍可再分开；也指把分散的人联合起来，或加入某团体中去Ithasadormerroofjoiningbothgableends.connect“连接，联结”，指使两事物在某一点上相连接，二者有联系但彼此又保持独立；有时可与join替换使用Connectthehosetothetapandturnonthetap.【语境应用】单句语法填空。Iwillattachadocument__________theletter.Pleasesignitandmailitbacktomeassoonaspossible.用attach,join与connect的适当形式填空。1)Theopenedlinkisusedto__________thetwoendsofthechain(链条).2)Icannot__________thetwothingsinmymind.3)Ahorsewas__________toapost.tojoinconnectattachedapproachn.amethodofdoingsomethingordealingwithaproblem方法,途径

movementtowardsorneartosomething靠近;接近6.Morethanonegenerationofschoolchildrenhasbeenamazedbyhisbraveryandhisscientificapproachtolookingforthetruth.

数代的学生都叹服于他的勇气和寻找真理的科学方法。anapproachto(doing)sth……的方法；通往……的道路attheapproachof…在接近……的时候theapproachof………的来临approachv.tomovetowardsornearertosomeoneorsomething

走近，靠近，接近tobegintodealwithasituationorproblem对付，处理e.g.Thehunterwascuriouslyapproaching,butwestillcan’tdecidewheretogo.Itmightbepossibletoapproachtheprobleminadifferentway.e.g.Asthefinalexamapproaches,wearebusypreparingforit.Theyaretryingtofindnewapproachtosolvingtheirconflicts.Attheapproachoftheinterview,hebecamerathernervousandupset.【语境应用】单句语法填空。1)Thebestapproachto_________(build)upyourbodyistodoexerciseeveryday.2)Theapproach_________winterbringscoldweather.3)Wehavefoundanewapproach_________thestudyofEnglish.4)Manykindsofbirdsflysouth_________theapproachofwinter.buildingoftoatapproach,way,means,method与manner词条用法approach指待人接物或思考问题的方式、方法或态度，常见于短语theapproachtosth/doingsth中way使用范围很广，但较多地用在具体的事情上或口语中，常见于inthisway,thewaytodosth,thewayofdoingsth等短语中means指实现目的的任何手段，或采用某种交通工具，常见于bymeansof等短语中method指有条理的、系统的方法，特别指新的方法，常见于短语themethodof(doing

)sth中manner指特殊的或独特的方式、方法，与行为、动作有关7.Franklin,alongwithmanyotherscientists,hasinspiredusandtaughtusthatscientificexperimentsareimportantinordertoestablishthetruthandtocontributetowardslaterscientificdiscoveriesandinventions.富兰克林与许多其他科学家一道，激励并教导我们科学实验对于推定真理与推动后来的科学发现及发明而言都至关重要。

当主语后有alongwith引导的短语时，谓语动词的数与主语保持一致。that引导的宾语从句，作taught的直接宾语。inordertoestablishthetruth和tocontributetowards…是and连接的两个并列目的状语。8.AlthoughithasbeenprovedthatFranklin’sexperimenttookplace.Morethanonescientisthasquestionedwhatreallyhappened.虽然已经证明富兰克林的实验发生了，但是不止一个科学家对实验真相提出了质疑。e.g.WhendoesyourweddingtakeplaceThegeneralstriketookplacein1923.takeplace:to

happen,tooccur,especiallyafterpreviouslybeingarrangedorplanned(根据计划或安排)发生takeplace,happen,occur,breakout与comeabout词条用法takeplace表示按照事先的安排或计划发生、进行，多指运动、变化、进步、会议或婚礼等happen指某事偶然发生，常带有未能预见的意思；happento常用来表示“遭到；遇到”occur“发生；想起”Sthoccurstosb(=Itoccurstosbthat…)“某人突然想起某事”breakout指战争、火灾、疾病等“突然爆发”comeabout“发生，产生”，多指事情已经发生了，但还不知道为什么发生；常用于疑问句和否定句中，多与how连用e.g.Thedisasteroccurred/happenedatmidnight,whenmostpeopleweresleep.Sosomethingbadhappenedtomanypeople.Althoughanemergencyrescuetookplace,yetsomepeoplewerekilled.Doyouknowhowthecaraccidentcameabouttaketheplaceof 代替(动词短语)takeone’splace 代替某人；就座inplaceof 代替(介词短语)inplace 在正确位置；准备妥当由place构成的其他短语【语境应用】用happen,takeplace,occur,comeabout与breakout的适当形式填空。1)Theidea______________tohiminadreamlastnight.2)Greatchangeshave______________inourcityduringthepasttenyears.3)Howdidthatsituation______________4)Abigfire______________lastnight.5)Abadaccident______________tothatfamily.occurredtakenplacecomeaboutbrokeouthappened9.SomehaveevenquestionedthestoryabouttheapplethatfellonNewton’sheadandledhimtocomeupwithhistheoryofgravity.有个故事讲了牛顿的头被一个掉落的苹果砸中了，这让他提出了(万有)引力定律。有些科学家甚至质疑这个故事(的真实性)。comeupwith:tothinkof,toofferortoproduce想出或提出(主意、计划、方案等)e.g.Shecameupwithanewideaforincreasingsales.putupwith 容忍catchupwith 赶上keepupwith 跟上endupwith 以……结束makeupwith 与……和好“动词+upwith”型的其他短语【语境应用】用comeupwith,putupwith,keepupwith与endupwith的适当形式填空。1)MymainreasonforsubscribingtoNewScientististo____