备战2020年高考英语一轮复习第十四套英语6Units3-5单元训练B卷含解析

此卷只装订不密封班级姓名此卷只装订不密封班级姓名准考证号考场号座位号英语6Units3-5注意事项：1.答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。2.选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。3.非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。4.考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。第Ⅰ卷第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)略第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节（共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AIt'sknowntoallthatrainforestsareimportant.Butdoyouknowwhy?Tropicalrainforeststookbetween60and100millionyearstoevolve(进化)andarebelievedtobetheoldestandmostcomplexland­basedecosystemonearth,containingover30millionspeciesofplantsandanimals.That'shalfoftheEarth'swildanimalspeciesandatleasttwo­thirdsofitsplantspecies!Rainforestsstorewater.Infact,itisbelievedthattheAmazonianforestsalonestoreoverhalfoftheEarth'srainwater!Rainforesttreesdrawwaterfromtheforestfloorandreleaseitbackintotheatmosphere.Withoutrainforestscontinuallyrecyclinghugequantitiesofwater,feedingtherivers,lakesandirrigationsystems,droughtswouldbecomemorecommon.Doyouknowthatwealsodependontreestocleanse(净化)ouratmosphere?Theyabsorbthecarbondioxidethatwebreatheout,andprovidetheoxygenweneed.However,whenrainforesttreesareburnt,theyreleasecarbondioxide,whichpollutestheatmosphereandcontributestoglobalwarming.Surprisingly,soilintherainforestisverypoorinnutrients.Thisisbecausethenutrientsarestoredinthehugenumbersoftreesandplantsratherthaninthesoil.Treerootsbindthesoiltogether,whilethecanopy(树荫)protectsthesoilfromheavyrain.Whenatreediesanditstrunkfallstotheforestfloor,itbreaksdownandthenutrientsitcontainsarerecycled.However,iftreesareremovedfromtheforest,thenutrientsareremovedwithit.What'sworse,theunprotectedsoilisthensimplywashedawaybyheavyrain,causingfloodsinlowlandriverswhileleavinguplandriversdry.Manylocalpeoplehavebeenlivinginharmonywiththerainforestforthousandsofyears,dependingonitfortheirfood,shelterandmedicines.Whenoilandloggingcompaniescometoremovevastareasofforest,theybringdiseaseswhichpeopletherehavenoresistancetoandthreatentheirsurvival.Oftentheyarealsoforcedtomoveawayfromtheirhomestounfamiliarplaces,sometimesevenbeingkilledintheprocess.21.WhatcanwelearnaboutrainforestsfromParagraph2?A.Theyareimpossibletorecoveroncedamaged.B.Theyaretoooldandcomplextoevolvethemselves.C.Theyhavefewerwildanimalspeciesthanplantspecies.D.They'reimportanthomestowildanimalandplantspecies.22.Whydoestheauthormentionthepoorsoilintherainforest?A.Tostresstheimportanceoftreestosoil.B.Toencourageimprovementofsoilthere.C.Toexplainaveryinterestingphenomenon.D.Toraisepeople'sawarenessofprotectingsoil.23.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Wecanburnrainforeststomakethelandricher.B.Weshoulddoourbesttopreventglobalwarming.C.Weshouldprotectrainforestsinsteadofdestroyingthem.D.Wecandependonmanythingstocleanseouratmosphere.BAnewstudyhasidentifiedpollutionastheworld'sNo.1killer.Studyorganizerssaypollutionisresponsibleformoreprematuredeathsthanwar,terrorism,naturaldisasters,smokinganddisease.Bysayingprematuredeath,theresearchersmeandyingbeforetheaverageageofdeathwithinapopulationgroup.Manyofthesedeathscanbeprevented.AreportonthestudywaspublishedinthemedicaljournalTheLancet.Theresearcherslookedatpollutionlevels,bothinsideenclosed(封闭的)buildingsandintheworldaroundus.Theyconcludedthatpollutionkilledabout9millionpeoplein2015.Thatwouldrepresentoneofeverysixdeathsworldwide.KartiSandilyahelpedtopreparethereport.Hesaid,“Pollutiondamagesfundamentalhumanrights,suchastherighttolife,health,well­being,safeworkaswellastheprotectionofchildrenandthemostvulnerable(易受伤害的).”Thereportsaidthelargemajorityofpollution­relateddeathstakeplaceindevelopingcountries.Theresearcherssayleadersinthosecountriesaremoreconcernedaboutbuildingtheireconomicsandpublicservicesthanenvironmentalcontrols.SomeofthemostaffectedcountriesareBangladesh,China,Haiti,India,Pakistan,NorthKoreaandSouthSudan.ButRichardFuller,anotherwriterofthereport,saidpollutionistiedtosloweconomicdevelopmentinbothrichandpoornations.Hesaid,“Financeministersstillholdfirmlythatyouhavetoletindustrypollutionorelseyouwon'tdevelop.Whatpeopledon'trealizeisthatpeoplewhoaresickordeadcannotcontributetotheeconomy.Theyneedtobelookedafter.”Thereportsaidthat9millionprematuredeathsayearisonlyaconservativefigure.Itsaidtheactualnumberislikelytobemuchhigher.AseparatestudybytheWorldBanksaidreducingpollutionmustbeatopgoal.Itsaidthatsettlingthisproblemwouldleadtoapproachestootherdangers,includingpoornutrition(营养)andrisingtemperaturesontheEarth'ssurface.24.Whichismainlytoblameforpollutionaccordingtothereport?A.Poorcountries. B.Richcountries.C.Commonpeople. D.Thegovernment.25.Whatdoesthefirstresearchfind?A.Pollutionisseriousinbothrichandpoorcountries.B.Prematuredeathscannotbepreventedworldwide.C.Pollutionhassomethingtodowithslowdevelopment.D.Pollutionhascausedmoreprematuredeathsthanexpected.26.Whyis“Aseparatestudy”mentionedinthelastparagraph?A.Toprovidemoreinformationaboutpollution.B.Tomakethefindingsofthefirststudymoreconvincing.C.Tooffermorespecificapproachestodealwithpollution.D.Toemphasizetherelationshipbetweenpollutionandglobalwarming.27.Whichofthefollowingcanbebestusedasthetitleofthepassage?A.PollutionIstheWorld'sNumberOneKiller.B.PollutionIsBecomingIncreasinglySerious.C.WhatMakesPollutionIncreasinglySerious.D.HowPeopleDealwithPollutionWorldwide.CScientistsaretryingtosavePuertoRico’sendangeredAmazonparrotsafterHurricaneMariadestroyedthebirds’habitatsandfoodsources(来源).ElYunqueisalargenationalforestontheeasternpartofPuertoRico.Justtwoofthe56wildparrotsthatoncelivedtheresurvivedMaria,theCategory-4stormthatstruckPuertoRicoinSeptember2017.Scientistsreportotherforestshaveseengreatdropsinparrotpopulationsaswell.Inthe1800s,thereweremorethanamillionofthebrightgreenparrotslivinginthewildinPuertoRico.Bythe1970s,thenumberwasdowntojust13birdsafteryearsofforestclearing.Aspecialprogramwasstartedin1972tohelpincreasetheparrotpopulation,whichledtothecreationofthreebreeding(繁殖)centers.JustweeksbeforeHurricaneMariahit,scientistscounted56wildparrotsatElYunque.Thatwasthehighestnumberintheprogram'shistory.Scientistssaythateventhoughseveralparrotshavebeenbornincaptivity(笼养)andinthewildsinceMaria,thespeciesisstillindanger.ThePuertoRicanAmazonistheisland’sonlyremainingnativeparrot.Morethan460ofthebirdsarekeptinsidethebreedingcentersatElYunqueandtheRioAbajoforest.Scientistshavenotreleased(释放)anyofthebirdssinceHurricaneMaria.Athirdbreedingcenter,inaforestinthewesternareaofMaricao,hasnotbeeninoperationsincethestorm.Scientistsareconsideringwhethertocatchsomeoftheremainingwildparrotsandputtheminthesamecageasthebirdsthataresettobereleased.Thisway,thecaptivebirdscanlearnfromthewildbirdshowtosurviveintheforests.AnotherconsiderationistoreleasesomecaptiveparrotsinMaricao,whichwasnotasheavilydamagedbyMaria.28.Whyhastheparrotpopulationgreatlydecreasedinthepast200years?A.BecauseofHurricaneMaria.B.Becauseoftoomuchhunting.C.Becauseofthelossofforests.D.Becauseoflackofbreedingcenters.29.WhichofthefollowingistrueaboutHurricaneMaria?A.Itkilled56wildparrotsatElYunque.B.Itgreatlyaffectedparrotsincaptivity.C.Itreducedthenumberofwildparrots.D.Itledtothecreationofthreebreedingcenters.30.WhatcanweinferaboutAmazonparrotsincaptivity?A.Theyhavethehighestnumberinthehistory.B.TheyhavebeenreleasedsinceHurricaneMaria.C.Theyareusedtolivinginthewild.D.Theyarelargerinnumberthanthoseinthewild.31.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.ScientistsWorktoSavePuertoRicanParrots.B.AmazonParrotsareinDangerofDisappearing.C.ASpecialProgramHelpsIncreasetheParrotPopulation.D.HurricaneMariaReducedtheNumberofAmazonParrots.DAntaretica’sice-whiteenvironmentisgoinggreenandfacingotherunexpectedthreats.Scientistssaythatastemperaturesgoupinthepolarregion,invading(入侵)plantsandinsects,includingtheflies,causeamajorconservationthreat.Moreandmoreoftheseinvaders,intheformoflarvae(幼虫)orseeds,aresurvivingincoastalareasaroundtheSouthPole,wherethetemperaturehasrisenbymorethan3℃overthepastthreedecades.Glaciershaveretreated,exposingmorelandwhichhasbeenoccupiedbymossesthathavebeenfoundtobegrowingmorequicklyandthicklythaneverbefore—providingpotentialgreenhomesforinvaders.“ThecommonhousefliesareaperfectexampleoftheproblemtheAntarcticnowfacesfrominvadingspecies,”saidDominicHodgsonoftheBritishAntarcticSurvey.“Itcomesinonships,whereitexistsinkitchensandthenatbasesonthecontinent.ItnowhasanincreasingchanceofsurvivingintheAntarcticasitwarmsup,andthatisaworry.Insectslikethehousefliescarrybacteriathatcouldhaveadeadlyeffectonnativelifeforms.”TheAntarctichasseveralnativespeciesofinsects.Togetherwithitsnativemosses,thesearenowcomingunderincreasedthreatfromthreemajorsources:visitingscientists,increasingnumbersoftouristsandglobalwarming.However,itisglobalwarmingthatisthemaindriverofthegreeningofAntarctica.In2015,morethan38,000touristsvisitedAntarctica.“Thesetouristsareoftenverycarefulaboutnotleavingwasteorhavingmud.ButtheycouldcarryseedsorlarvaeontheirbootswhentheysetfootontheAntarctic,”saidHodgson.MoreandmoreinvasiveinsectsandplantshavebeenfoundontheAntarcticandhaverequiredremoval.“theinsectsandplantsthatarenativetoAntarcticahavesurvivedtheseforthousandsofyears,”saidHodgson.“Wehavegottoactnowifwewanttosavetheenvironment.”32.Whatdoestheunderlinedworld“mosses”inparagraph2referto?A.Akindofplants. B.Houseflies.C.Coastalareas. D.Akindofanimals.33.WhatisthemaincauseoftheAntarcticgoinggreen?A.Scientists’coming. B.Globalwarming.C.Agrowingnumberofvisitors. D.Therapidspreadofnativeplanting.34.WhatdoweknowaboutthehousefliesintheAntarctic?A.TheyarenativetotheAntarctic.B.Theywilldisappearduetothecoldclimate.C.TheyseriouslyaffectedtheAntarcticnativespecies.D.TheydirectlyflytotheAntarcticfromnearbyislands.35.What’sthebesttitleforthetext?A.TheAntarcticIsFacedwithVariousThreats.B.TheAntarcticIsBecomingGreenandEnergetic.C.MoreandMoreScientistsGettoExploretheAntarctic.D.GlobalWarminghasCausedtheTemperatureintheAntarctictoRiseup.第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。IsFreshAirReallyGoodforYou?Weallgrewuphearingpeopletellusto“gooutandgetsomefreshair.”____36____Accordingtorecentstudies,theanswerisabigYES,iftheairqualityinyourcampingareaisgood.___37___Iftheairyou’rebreathingisclean-whichitwouldbeifyou’reawayfromthesmogofcities-thentheairisfilledwithlife-giving,energizingoxygen.Ifyouexerciseoutofdoors,yourbodywilllearntobreathemoredeeply,allowingevenmoreoxygentogettoyourmuscles(肌肉)andyourbrain.Recently,peoplehavebegunstudyingtheconnectionbetweenthenaturalworldandhealing(治愈)._____38_____Intheseplacespatientscangotobenearnatureduringtheirrecovery.Itturnsoutthatjustlookingatgreen,growingthingscanreducestress,lowerbloodpressure,andputpeopleintoabettermood(情绪).Greeneryisgoodforus.HospitalpatientsWhoseetreebranchesouttheirwindowarelikelytorecoveratafasterratethanpatientswhoseebuildingsorskyinstead.______39______Itgivesusagreatfeelingofpeace.___40___Whilethesun'srayscanageandharmourskin,theyalsogiveisbeneficialVitaminD.TomakesureyougetenoughVitaminD—butstillprotectyourskin—putonsunscreenrightasyouheadoutside.Ittakessunscreenaboutfifteenminutestostartworking,andthat'splentyoftimeforyourskintoabsorbaday'sworthofVitaminD.A.Freshaircleansourlungs.B.Sowhatareyouwaitingfor?C.Beinginnaturerefreshesus.D.Anothersidebenefitofgettingfreshairissunlight.E.Butisfreshairreallyasgoodforyouasyourmotheralwayssaid?F.Justasimportantly,wetendtoassociateairwithhealthcare.G.Allacrossthecountry,recoverycentershavebegunbuildingHealingGardens.第三部分：英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Oneevening,Catherinewasathomeasusual.Asher___41___swungbetweenwhatshewasgoingtodowithherlifeandtheirdinnerplansfortheevening,shewasunexpectedly___42___byanurgentcallfromhersister“Getoverhere!TurnonNBCandchecktheseguysout.Theyarejustlikeyou…..”OneFacebookmessageandaphoneinterviewlater,Catherine___43___herselfonabuswith8strangersinthemiddleoftheswelteringdesertheatofUtah,pickinguptrashand___44___awarenessaboutzero-wasteandclimatechange.Withadeep___45___oftheenvironmentandadesiretomakea___46___,Catherine,Davey,andagroupofself___47___“environmentalpick-upartists”wentonacoasttocoastroadsidetrashpick-up.Astheywalked,sometimesonly___48___0.9milesinanentireday,they___49___andsteadilymadetheirwayacrosstheUnitedStatesforthreeyears,pickingupatotalof201,678poundsoftrash.CatherineandDavey____50____withuswonderfulstoriesofhopeandinspirationthatfueledtheir___51___tocontinuetheirjourney.Afterspendingweekssilently____52____howshewouldhaveenough____53____toflyhomefortheirtwo-weekspringbreak,Catherinefoundablank,unidentifiedenvelope____54____with$850cashinthedesert.Justenoughtogetherhomeandback.Aftertheirbus____55____outsideofDenver,theyunexpectedlygot____56____andarrivedinYosemiteNationalParkthreeweekslater,justintimeforthe“YosemiteFacelift”where___57___fromalloverthestatecametogetherwitha____58____ofcleaninguptrashalloverthepark.Beingattherightplaceattherighttimebecamealmostnormal,andtheyrealizedthatmuchofwhatthey___59___wasmorethanjustacoincidence.Together,theirteamlearnedtosimply____60____themselvestotheirtask,andsurrendertothejourney.41.A.hands B.balance C.thoughts D.position42.A.blamed B.interrupted C.moved D.frightened43.A.dropped B.cheered C.found D.taught44.A.abandoning B.shaking C.raising D.hiding45.A.pride B.trust C.fear D.love46.A.difference B.promise C.mistake D.plan47.A.corrected B.described C.repeated D.discovered48.A.driving B.fixing C.riding D.covering49.A.slowly B.secretly C.helplessly D.frequently50.A.heard B.shared C.wrote D.read51.A.efforts B.costs C.problems D.choices52.A.worryingabout B.replyingto C.dependingon D.meetingwith53.A.time B.food C.money D.room54.A.equipped B.supplied C.decorated D.filled55.A.setoff B.brokedown C.headedfor D.heldon56.A.rest B.practice C.understanding D.help57.A.members B.volunteers C.tourists D.reporters58.A.purpose B.question C.decision D.lesson59.A.introduced B.expected C.experienced D.examined60.A.turn B.limit C.compare D.devote第Ⅱ卷第三部分：英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Peoplereleaseballoonsforspecialoccasionslikememorialservicesandgrandopenings.Itisfunandexciting.Butitreallycausesgreatdestructiontotheenvironmentandthreatensthe__61__(life)ofourwildlife.Whenaballoon__62__(fly)intothesky,itdoesn'tendup__63__(stay)there.Iteventuallyburstsandreturnstotheearthasuglylitter.Balloonscaneventravelthousandsofmilesandpollutethemostremoteandpureplaces.More__64__(sad),theycanpresentathreattomanyanimals.Birds,whales,turtlesandotheranimalsoftenmistakeballoons__65__food,whichcandodamagetothembecauseballoonscontain__66__(harm)chemicals.Balloonsevenkillanimals.Whenananimalswallowsaballoon,itcanblockitsintestinaltract(肠道)resultinginstarvation.Partofthereasonwhyreleasingballoons__67__(permit)insomanyplacesisthatsomeballoonsdobreakdowneventually.However,ittakesaboutfouryears__68__(break)downcompletely.Watchinghundredsofballoonsslowlygoingupintotheskymightgiveyouafive­secondthrill,__69__isitworthabunchofdeadanimalsandsomanyplacesfullofrubbish?Absolutelynot.__70__weshoulddoistogetcreativeandcomeupwithalternativewaystocelebrate.第四部分：写作(共两节，满分35分)第一节：短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。WevoluntarilyparticipatedinanactivityorganizedbyourschoolinSaturday.WegottogetherattheGoodwillSquareandhandedoutleafletstopassers-by,tellthemthesignificanceofenvironmentalprotection.Theleafletssoonattracttheattentionofthepublic.Someofusalsodeliveredapublicspeechtotellpeoplesomeknowledgesabouthowtoprotecttheenvironment.Theywerealsotoldwheretotakeactioninaproperlyandefficientway.ThisactivitywasofferedusachancetocontributetooursocietybutIhavelearnedmuchfromit.Ithinksomeoneshouldbeconcernedaboutourenvironmentandtakeactivepartinimprovingit.第二节书面表达(满分25分)我市正在开展全国文明城市创建活动，假定你是我市某外语学校的学生会主席，请你以学生会的名义用英文写一封倡议书，向全校同学发出做文明市民的倡议，内容包括：1.倡议目的；2.倡议内容（如注意个人文明、马路文明、环境卫生等）。注意：1.词数不少于100；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。参考词汇：全国文明城市：NationalCivilizedCityDearfellowstudents,_____________________