高考总复习优化设计二轮用书英语(新高考)满分练5　阅读理解+七选五

满分练(五)阅读理解+七选五(限时:40分钟)Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2023山东聊城三模)TheMostPopularNationalParksintheU.S.Famouslycalled“America’sbestidea”bythenovelistandhistorianWallaceStegner,theU.S.NationalParkSystemoffersfamiliesawonderfullyaffordablewaytovisitAmerica’smostpopularandbeautifullandscapes.HotSpringsNationalParkThisnationalparkisuniquebecauseit’smoreofanurbanparkthanadistantwilderness.LocatedrightnexttothecityofHotSprings,thisisalsothecountry’ssmallestnationalpark,covering5,550acres.Themainattractionsherearethehistoricbathhousesandhotspringsthattheparkwasestablishedtoprotect.AcadiaNationalParkThisparkontheMaineCoastishometovariousplantsandanimalsandthetallestmountainontheAtlanticCoast.TodayvisitorscometoAcadiatohikerockpeaks,bikehistoriccarriageroads,orrelaxandenjoythecoastalscenery.ShenandoahNationalParkOccupiedbysettlersforatleast100years,itcovers200,000acresofVirginiawilderness.The105-mileSkylineDrivetracestheBlueRidgeMountainsandoffersmanyjumping-offpointstoseethebeautyofthispark.Beyondthescenicdrive,youcanexplorethepark’smanyofferingsthroughhiking,biking,andhorsebackriding.IndianaDunesNationalParkStretchingalong15milesofLakeMichiganshorelineandcoveringmorethan15,000acres,thisMidwesternparkisidealforrelaxingonabeach,hikingthe50milesoftrails,andexploringthediverseecosystem.Thesandsarethemainattractionwithrareplants,andvariousbirds.Thenationalparkisfreetovisit.1.WhatistypicalofHotSpringsNationalPark?A.Itseemslikeacitypark.B.Itislocatedinthesuburb.C.Itisn’tafarawaywilderness.D.Itisthecity’slargestnationalpark.2.WhatcanyoudoinShenandoahNationalPark?A.Talkaboutitshistorywithsettlers.B.Recordthebeautyofthispark.C.Rideahorsetoexploreitsbeauty.D.Enjoythepark’scoastalscenery.3.Whichofthefollowingparkscanyouvisitfreeofcharge?A.AcadiaNationalPark.B.HotSpringsNationalPark.C.ShenandoahNationalPark.D.IndianaDunesNationalPark.B(2023河北唐山二模)Likemostpeople,Ihadalotoftimeonmyhandsthesepastfewyears,andIspentmostofitonmyphone.This,togetherwithanxietymedication(药物治疗),hasmademybrainweak.I’veneverhadaverygoodmemory,butbysummerof2021,IsawthelittlememorythatIdidhavedisappearsuddenlywhileGoogling“benafleCkbrtherbad1”.Igrewfrustrated.Icouldn’trememberthenameofJoanHolloway’smilitaryhusbandfromMadMenwithoutlookingitup,orthenameofmycollegefriend,whowouldcomeintomydormregularlytotalkabouthowmuchheworkedout.Noneofthiswasespeciallyusefulorlife-changinginformation,butIwantedtorememberitwithoutmakingashamefulmessofmysearchhistory.Inspiredbyadesiretoimpressmyselfandothers,Idecidedtostoplookingstuffuponlineandseewhathappened.WhenIcouldn’trememberthecharacterfromMadMen,insteadofinstantlyturningtomyphone,Ijustsatthere,thinking,veryhard.(Aha!Gregwashisname.)Andsomynewskillwasborn:StrongBrain.Forafewmonths,Ididn’tmakeanyprogress.SometimesIwouldsitwithoutknowingsomethingforhours,wellafterwhoeverIwaswithhadlookeditupandhadmovedontoknowingthenextthingthatIcouldn’tremember.Iwasfrequentlylaughedatandmadetofeelstupidforsittingwithmyarmscrossed.IwasteasedfornotcomingupwithanswerstothingsthatnooneonearthshouldknowsimplybecauseItookanattitudeagainstlookingthemup.Butwhilethesoundsofmyhatersgotlouderandlouder,mybrainbeefedupinmydefense.AsfriendstriedtorememberthenameoftheactorwhoplayedRobinWilliams’ssweetheartinJumanji,Ispokeunthinkinglywith“BonnieHunt”.Ifyou’relikemeandhavealwayswantedtobetheshiny,prettypersonatapartythateveryoneislisteningtoandsmilingatandwonderingwhereshegotherhaircut,IthinkStrongBrainisthepartytrickforyou.4.Whatdowelearnabouttheauthorfromparagraph1?A.Shewasoverusingthephone.B.Shewastedalotoftimeonthecalls.C.Shewasaddictedtoanxietymedicine.D.Shemademanyspellingerrorswhilesearching.5.Whatdidtheauthordecidetodoafterthesummerof2021?A.Improveherrecall.B.Seekhelpfrommedicine.C.Clearuphersearchhistory.D.Connectwithhercollegefriend.6.Whatdidotherpeoplethinkoftheauthor’snewskilltraining?A.Difficult. B.Important.C.Ridiculous. D.Rewarding.7.Whatisthebesttitleofthetext?A.MyConcernoverAnxietyB.MyWaytoBeBrain-StrongC.MyFightwithHighTechnologyD.MySufferingfromPoorMemoryC(2023湖南怀化二模)Haveyoueverlostsomethinginahard-to-reachspace,likebehindacouchoracupboard?Wouldn’titbenicetojustbeabletosqueezeinandout?Newinnovationsinthefieldofroboticswillsoonbeabletomakethisniceideaintoareality.InastudypublishedonJan.25inthesciencejournalMatter,engineersfromTheChineseUniversityofHongKongandCarnegieMellonUniversityintheUShavedevelopedsmallrobotsthatcanquicklychangebackandforthfromliquidtosolidstates.AccordingtothewebsiteMashable,thescientistswereinspiredbyseacucumbers.Theyareabletochangethestiffness(僵硬度)oftheirbodyorreducethepotentialforphysicaldamage.Therobotsinthestudyweremadefromgallium(镓),asoftmetalwithalowmeltingpointof30℃.Thescientiststhenusedchangesinthemagneticfieldtocontrolthemagneticparticlesinsidethegalliummaterialtoprovideheat.Thisheatthenallowedtherobotstochangebetweensolidandliquidstatesaswellastomovearound.AsthewebsiteTechXplorepointedout,othersimilarmaterialsrequireexternalheatsourcessuchasheatgunsandelectricalcurrentstoinduceachangeofstates;butnow,therobotscanuseaheatsourceinsideitselftochangestatesindependently.Duringtherobots’experimentaltrials,thescientistsconductedanumberoftests.Thesetestsincludedhavingtherobotsmeltintoliquidandre-formtoescapeaprison-likecage.Itcanremoveaforeignobjectfromanddelivermedicinaldrugstoamodelstomach.Therobotisalsoabletobuildandrepairhard-to-reachcircuits.Therobots’abilitytoswitchbetweenstatesofmatterallowsforanumberofpossibleusesandadvancementsindifferentfields,suchasthebiomedicalandcircuitassembly(组装)industries.Still,inthewordsofseniorauthorCarmelMajidiatCarnegieMellonUniversity,fornowthesearealljust“proofsofconcept”whichshowtheabilitiesofthesenewkindofrobots.8.Whycantherobotsswitchbetweensolidandliquid?A.Becausetheyconsistofauniquemetalandmagneticparticles.B.Becausetheycanreducethepotentialforphysicaldamage.C.Becausetheyareabletochangethestiffnessoftheirbody.D.Becausetheyhaveexternalheatsourcesanytimeanywhere.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“induce”inparagraph4probablymean?A.Witness.B.Remove. C.Cause.D.Accept.10.Whatwillbethefunctionoftherobot?A.Tohelpscientistsinspireseacucumbers.B.Toputacouchintoahard-to-reachspace.C.Togetridofforeignobjectsfromanorgan.D.Toassistpeopleinescapingaprison-likecage.11.Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A.Ahealthreport.B.Asciencefiction.C.Achemistrytextbook.D.Ascientificmagazine.D(2023山东泰安二模)Haveyoueverwishedyoucouldbebetterorganizedormoresociable?Ormoreinventiveandoriginal?Perhapsyou’reaconstantworrier,andyou’dprefertobealittlemorecarefree?Ifanyofthesethoughtsringtrue,youarenotalone.Manysurveysshowthatatleasttwo-thirdsofpeoplewouldliketochangetheirpersonality.Inthepast,suchdesiresappearedtobeimpossible.Ourpersonalitieswerethoughttobeformedinchildhoodandtoremainfixedthroughoutlives.Recentresearch,however,suggeststhatwiththerightpsychologicalstrategiesandenougheffort,peoplecansuccessfullymould(塑造)theircoretraitsintotheshapetheydesire.ThatiswhatpsychologyprofessorNathanHudsonandhiscolleagueshaveshownwithstudies.Theresearchhascenteredonfivetraits(特点)thatarethoughttocontainourmostfundamentalcharacteristics.Knownasthe“bigfive”,theyare:extraversion—howoutgoingandsociableyouare;conscientiousness—howorganizedanddisciplinedyouare;agreeableness—howconcernedyouarewithsocialharmony;neuroticism—hownervousandsensitiveyouare;andopennesstoexperience—howimaginativeandcuriousyouare.People’sscoresforthebigfivecanpredictimportantoutcomes.Peoplewhoscorehighlyonconscientiousness,forexample,getbettergradesatschoolandearnmore.Thosewhoscorehighlyonneuroticism,meanwhile,aremoresensitivetostress.Inthestudy,someonewhowishedtobemoreconscientiousmightbeaskedtocarefullyreadanemailbeforesendingit,ortowriteato-dolistbeforegoingtobed.Aneuroticpersonmightbegivenexercisestoimproveemotionalregulation,suchaswritingdownfeelingswhentheyarehardtocontrol.Theaimisforthethinkingpatternsandbehaviourstheymaketobecomehabitual.Andtheevidencesofarsuggestsitworkswell.Similarresultscouldbeseeninalaterexperiment,whichusedasmartphoneapptocoachparticipantsintheirdesiredbigfivetraits.AsAristotlearguedmorethan2,300yearsago,webecomewhatwerepeatedlydo.12.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A.Personalityremainsfixedinlife.B.Personalitychangeispossible.C.Personalitykeepschangingwithage.D.Personalityvariesfrompersontoperson.13.Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?A.Theaimoftheresearch.B.Themethodoftheresearch.C.Thefocusoftheresearch.D.Theimportanceoftheresearch.14.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardstheresearch?A.Favourable. B.Doubtful.C.Disapproving. D.Indifferent.15.Whichofthefollowingsayingscanwelearnfromthestudy?A.Characterdeterminesdestiny.B.Custommakesallthingseasy.C.Habitdeterminescharacter.D.Afoxmaygrowgray,butnevergood.Ⅱ.七选五(2023山东德州二模)TheSurprisingHabitsthatAreStoppingYoufromLosingWeightYou’vecutoutsnacksandstartedexercising,butwhycan’tyoushiftthosestubbornpounds?Readontodiscoverthesurprisingreasonsyoustruggletostayslimandsimple,science-backedsolutions.You’reeatingtoolate.Doyouregularlyeatdinnerafter8:00pmorsnackthroughtheevening?Astudyfoundthatlate-nighteatingmadepeoplehungrierthefollowingday.1Avoideatingbetween8:00pmand8:00am.

You’renotatthegymfrequentlyenough.Workingoutactivelybutnotseeingresults?Considerhowactiveyouareoutsidethegym.2Thereare168hoursinaweek,soifyoudoone-hourworkoutsthreetimesaweekinthegym,you’reonlyexercisingfor2%oftheweek.Instead,beingactivethroughoutyourdayhasaccumulativeeffectonfatloss.

You’reeatingtoofast.Thefasteryoueat,themorerapidlysugarentersyourbloodstream.Peoplewhoeatfastertendtohaveahigherweightandenergyintakethanslow-eaters.I’malwaystellingmychildrennottowolffood,butlistentotheirhungersignals.3

YoudropoffwiththeTVon.4SleepingwiththeTVonisn’trestful.Stage1sleepisverylightsoitcanbeeasilydisturbedbyTVsound.Long-termlackofsleepimpactsyourappetite,increasesfoodintakeanddecreasesenergyconsumption.Therefore,inthehourbeforebed,avoidscreensandallbrightlight.

5

“Healthy”plant-basedfoodlikefakemeatsandnon-dairydessertsmayactuallyruinyourweight-lossefforts,warnnutritionscientists.Despitetheirhealthfulclaims,they’reactuallyhighinenergy,sugarandsaturatedfats.Theprocessingmethodsforsuchfoodoftenbreakdowningredients’cellstructures.Moreenergycanbestoredinthebody.So,switchtofoodlikebeans,nutsandseeds.A.You’vegoneplant-based.B.It’sgoodadviceforeveryone.C.Tofixit,cutouteveningsnacks.D.Celebrateaspecialdayoreventoccasionally.E.Everythingfeelsright,butyouknowsomethingiswrong.F.Thisbedtimehabitcanmakeithardertofallasleepatnight.G.Limitedexerciseisn’tthebestwaythatyoucanloseweight.答案：满分练(五)阅读理解+七选五Ⅰ.A[语篇解读]本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个在美国最受欢迎且适合家庭出行的国家公园。1.A细节理解题。根据HotSpringsNationalPark部分的“Thisnationalparkisuniquebecauseit’smoreofanurbanparkthanadistantwilderness.”可知,HotSpringsNationalPark的特别之处在于它看起来更像一个城市公园。2.C细节理解题。根据ShenandoahNationalPark部分的“Beyondthescenicdrive,youcanexplorethepark’smanyofferingsthroughhiking,biking,andhorsebackriding.”可知,在ShenandoahNationalPark可以通过徒步旅行、骑自行车和骑马等方式探索公园。3.D细节理解题。根据IndianaDunesNationalPark部分的“Thenationalparkisfreetovisit.”可知,游览IndianaDunesNationalPark是免费的。B[语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要通过讲述作者因为长期玩手机导致记忆力下降,因此就利用最强大脑(StrongBrain)来让自己增强记忆力。4.A细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Likemostpeople,Ihadalotoftimeonmyhandsthesepastfewyears,andIspentmostofitonmyphone.”可知,作者大部分时间都花在了手机上,即她过度使用手机。5.A推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知,作者在2021年夏天开始训练自己,提高记忆力。6.C推理判断题。根据第四段“Iwasfrequentlylaughedat...againstlookingthemup.”可知,其他人认为作者的行为很荒唐可笑。7.B主旨大意题。这篇文章主要讲述作者是如何通过最强大脑来提高自己的记忆力的,B项“我的最强大脑之路”适合作文章标题。C[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。来自香港中文大学和美国卡内基梅隆大学的工程师开发出了能够快速从液态到固态来回切换的小型机器人。8.A细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Therobotsinthestudyweremadefromgallium(镓),asoftmetalwithalowmeltingpointof30℃...movearound.”可知,这种热量使机器人能够在固态和液态之间变化是因为它们是由独特的金属和磁性粒子组成的。9.C词义猜测题。根据第三段“Thisheatthenallowedtherobotstochangebetweensolidandliquidstatesaswellastomovearound.”,第四段画线词的上文“heatgunsandelectricalcurrents(热枪和电流)”和下文“changeofstates(物态变化)”可知,上文“热枪和电流”是导致下文“物态变化”发生的原因,可推理出画线词应为“引起;导致”之意。10.C细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Itcanremoveaforeignobjectfromanddelivermedicinaldrugstoamodelstomach.”可知,这种机器人在将来可能会具有的功能是清除器官中的异物。11.D推理判断题。这篇文章是一篇讲述最新科技发明的说明文,最有可能出现在科技杂志中。D[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。最近的研究表明,通过正确的心理策略和足够的努力,人们可以成功地将他们的核心特征塑造成他们想要的形状,从而达到改变性格的目的。12.B细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Recentresearch,however,suggeststhatwiththerightpsychologicalstrategiesandenougheffort,peoplecansuccessfullymould(塑造)theircoretraitsintotheshapetheydesire.”可知,我们可以从文中了解到性格改变是可能的。13.C主旨大意题。根据第二段中的“Theresearchhascenteredonfivetraits(特点)thatarethoughttocontainourmostfundamentalcharacteristics.”可知,第二段主要讲述研究的重点。14.A推理判断题。根据最后一段“AsAristotlearguedmorethan2,300yearsago,webecomewhatwerepeatedlydo.”可推知,作者对研究的态度是赞成的。15.C细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Inthestud