Unit1单词讲解课件人教版英语八年级上册

WordsandExpressionsUnit111.

anyonepron.复合不定代词=anybody①常用于疑问句和否定句中，意为“某人”，代替someone/somebodye.g.Ididn'tseeanyoneinthetheater.Doesanyoneliveonthisisland?Hetoldhernottotellanyone.②用于肯定句中，意为“任何人；无论谁，随便哪个人”e.g.Anyone

withfevermustbe

completely

separatedfromothersassoonaspossible.※辨析anyone与anyoneanyone仅指人；其后不能接表示范围的of短语e.g.Doesanyonewantadrink?

anyone既可指人，也可指物；其后可接表示范围的of短语。e.g.-Whichpenwouldyoulike?-Anyonewilldo.2anyonee.g.Itmayhappentoanyone.anyonee.g.Idon'tknowanyoneofthem/theteachers.*本单元另外三个表示人的复合不定代词：

everyone=everybody

意为“每人；人人；所有人”e.g.Everyoneshouldwashhisorherhandeveryday.someone=somebody

意为“某人”，通常用于肯定句中。e.g.Someoneisringingthedoorbell.MaybeitisBill.noone=nobody

意为“没有人”=not...anyone/anybodye.g.Nooneknowswhatwillhappennext.3※复合不定代词someone/somebody,

anyone/anybody,everyone/everybody和noone/nobody作主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式；被形容词等定语修饰时，定语要后置。e.g.Therewasn'tanyone

elseonthislonelyisland.荒凉的

-Isthereanyone

elseintheclassroom?-It'sempty.Everyone

is

listeningtoaspeechintheschoolhall.

Everyone

hastherighttoliveinhisownway.每个人都有权按自己的方式生活。

42.

anywhere

①adv.复合不定副词

A.常用于疑问句和否定句中，意为“在某处，到某处”，代替somewhere。e.g.Didyougoanywhere

interestingduringyoursummervacation?

Icannotfindmypenanywhere.=Icanfindmypennowhere.B.用于肯定句中，意为“在任何地方；无论何处；随便那个地方”e.g.Peoplecansendtheelectronicredpacket

anywhere

atanytime.②pron.

任何地方复合不定代词作主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式；被形容词等定语修饰时，定语要后置。e.g.Anywhere

isOK.＊含-where的其他复合不定副词

somewhere在某处常用于肯定句5everywhere到处；各个地方相当于hereandthere,可用于各种句式中。nowhere无处；哪里都不相当于not...anywheree.g.Theoldmanwantstomovesomewhere

quiet.It'sluckywebookedaroom;otherwisewewillhavenowheretostaynow/willnothaveanywheretostay.3.

wonderful

adj.

精彩的；绝妙的wonder

(n.

惊叹；惊奇)+

-ful

(形容词后缀)e.g.Whatawonderful4-Dfilmitis!haveawonderful/good/greattime(in)doingsth.

做某事愉快/开心*-ful用于构成形容词，一般加在名词之后。care

(n.

小心)+-ful

=careful(adj.

小心的；仔细的)help

(n.

帮助)+-ful

=helpful(adj.

有帮助的)6*wonder①n.

奇迹；奇观

[C]e.g.Doyouknowaboutthesevenwondersoftheworld?②n.惊讶；惊叹

[U]e.g.Thechildrenwerefilledwith

wonder

atthesight.孩子们对此情景惊叹不已。③v.

想知道；琢磨e.g.Iwonderwhoheis.4.

quiteafew

相当多；不少=

many

修饰可数名词复数e.g.Quiteafewstudentstookpartinthesportsmeeting(whichis)heldinourschool.*quitealittle

相当多；不少=

much修饰不可数名词e.g.Wehadquitealittlebreadforbreakfast.75.

most①pron.

大多数指代可数名词或不可数名词，常与of连用。若mostof后接复数名词作主语，谓语动词用复数形式；若接单数名词或不可数名词作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。e.g.Mostofmyfriends/them

likepopmusic.大部分的我的朋友

Mostofthebuilding/water

isyellow/clean.这座楼/水的大部分②adj.(数量上)最多，最大many和much的最高级，后跟可数名词复数或不可数名词。e.g.Whodoyouthinkwillgetthemostvotes?

插入语

Linglinggetsthemostmoneyofthethree.③adj.

大多数，大部分后接可数名词复数或不可数名词e.g.MostChinesethinkthecolorredisthesymbolofgoodluck.

8④adv.最修饰动词或用于构成多音节或部分双音节形容词或副词的最高级e.g.JiaoziiswhatImissmostwhenIamabroad.Moneyisthemostimportantthinginlife.Fishingisoneofthemostpopularactivitiesamongthemiddle-agedpeople.⑤adv.最多e.g.ThefoodIeatmostispasta.6.

something

pron.

某事；某物复合不定代词常用于肯定句中作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。e.g.Linda,Iwanttotellyousomethingabouttheschooltrip.

Something

iswrongwithmynewcomputer.Ihavesomethingmoretotellyouabouttheplanfortomorrow.9*含-thing的其他复合不定代词：anything意为“某事；某物”，常用于否定句或疑问句中。e.g.Doyouhaveanythingtosay?意为“任何事；任何物”，用于肯定句中。e.g.Youcandoanythingyoulike.nothing意为“没有什么；没有一件东西”。=not...anythinge.g.Thereisnothinginthefridge.everything意为“所有事物；一切”。e.g.Everyhtinggoeswell.10e.g.Thereissomethingunderthetable.Idon'tknowanyhtingaboutit.=Iknownothingaboutit.Didshetellyouanyhting

interesting?Idecidedtotellhereverything.※当something，anyhting，everything和nothing作主语时，谓语动词要用单数第三人称形式；被形容词等定语修饰时，定语后置。e.g.Thereis

something

newonthefirstpage.Don'tworryaboutme.Everythinghereisfine.Let'sdosomething

excitingafterfinishingthisterm.HowaboutgoingtoShanghaiDisneyland?※在表示请求、建议或期望得到肯定回答的疑问句中，常用something,

而不用anything。e.g.-Wouldyoulikesomethingtoeat?-Yes,somebread.

117.

Ofcourse!当然！=

Sure!/Certainly!常用作肯定答语e.g.-Canyouhelpmetorepairmycomputer?-Ofcourse!-Wouldyouliketohaveapicnicwithus?-Ofcourse!*Ofcoursenot!

当然不!；不介意，不反对e.g.-It'scoldoutside.Do/Wouldyoumindclosingthewindow?

-Ofcoursenot!Iwilldoit

atonce.

-Wouldyoumindhandingmeapairofservingchopsticks?

-Ofcoursenot!Hereyouare.128.

myself

pron.

我自己；我本人反身代词my+self[self意为“自己”，加在人称代词宾格后(第三人称)或形容词性物主代词后(第一/二人称)构成反身代词。表示复数用selves。]e.g.Icanlookafter

myself.

BecauseoftheoutbreakoftheCOVID-19,IhavetoteachmyselfEnglish

online.*反身代词：第一人称第二人称第三人称单数myselfyourselfhimself,herself,itself复数ourselvesyourselvesthemselves13①反身代词多用于动词或介词后作宾语，表示“某人自己”。(all)byoneself

某人独自，单独foroneself

亲自teachoneself

(sth./todosth.)

=

learn(sth./todosth.)byoneself

自学saytooneself

自言自语dressoneself

自己穿衣服helponeself(tosth.)

自助(取食物等)hurtoneself

受伤e.g.Helearnedtorideabicycle

byhimself.

Itaughtmyselftoswim.②反身代词应与它所指代的名词或代词在人称和数上保持一致。e.g.Petershouldbeashamedof

himself.为感到羞耻149.seem(tobe)+n./adj.

似乎;好像用于说明主语的特征或状态，seem是连系动词，意为“好像，似乎，看来”。e.g.Tomseems(tobe)acleverboy/veryhappy.

Computersandrocketsalsoseemed

impossible100yearsago.①seemlike+n.似乎;好像e.g.Itseemslikeagoodidea.②seemtodosth.

似乎做某事；好像做某事e.g.Theyoungmandoesn'tseemtocatchthebus.③Itseems/seemed+that从句看起来好像/似乎=

seemtodosth.e.g.Itseemsthatnooneknowsthenews.=Noone

seemsto

knowthenews.

1510.bored

adj.

厌倦的；烦闷的be/feel/getbored感到厌烦

be/feel/getboredwith.../todosth.

对(做)感到厌烦=

betiredof...e.g.SomeyoungChineseare/feel/getboredwithsomeshortvideos.Shefeelsboredtodotheboringwork.※辨析bored和boringbored厌倦的；烦闷的常作表语，用来描述人的感受。boring没趣的；令人厌倦(或厌烦)的可作表语或定语，常用来描述事物。e.g.Doingtheboringhouseworkmakesmebored.Inthefuture,robotswilldoboringjobsinplaceofpeopleinordernottogetusbored.代替16*在英语中，以-ed结尾的形容词通常用来描述人，以-ing结尾的形容词通常用来描述事物。beinterestedin...

(人)对感兴趣interesting

adj.

(人/物)有趣的berelaxedabout...

(人)对...感到放松relaxing

adj.

(物)令人放松的beexcitedabout...

(人)对感到激动/兴奋exciting

adj.

(物)令人激动/兴奋的

beworriedabout...

(人)对感到担忧/焦虑worrying

adj.

(物)令人担忧的besurprisedat...

(人)对感到惊讶/惊奇surpring

adj.

(物)令人好奇/惊奇/惊讶的11.

diary

n.

日记；记事簿keepadiary

记日记

1712.enjoyable

adj.

有乐趣的；令人愉快的enjoy(v.

享受)+-able(形容词后缀)e.g.Skippingisanenjoyableexerciseform.跳绳是一种有趣的锻炼方式。

Watchingtheteapreparationisjustasenjoyableasdrinkingtheteaitself.n.

预备；准备

同位语*enjoy

v.

享受；喜爱enjoysth./doingsth.

喜欢某物；喜欢做某事enjoyoneself玩得高兴；过得愉快e.g.Lucyenjoysdancingtomusic.WeenjoyedourselvesattheEnglishpartylastweekend.*enjoyment

n.

乐趣；乐事

enjoyably

adv.

令人愉快地

1813.decide

v.

决定；选定decide(not)todosth.

决定(不)去做某事decide+“特殊疑问词+不定式”decide+宾语从句e.g.BecauseoftheCOVID-19,theteachersdecidedtoteachEnglishonlineonweekdays.Mr.Chouisgoodatcooking,andhedecidestoopen

hisownrestaurant.Hecannotdecidewhentoleave.Ican'tdecidewhereIshouldgo.

*decision

n.

决定；抉择makeadecision(todosth./onsth.)=decidetodosth./onsth.做决定e.g.Imadeadecision/decidedtoreadEnglisheveryday.

1914.try①vt.

尝试；设法；努力trytodosth.

尽力做某事指努力去做trydoingsth.尝试做某事含有看看某种方法是否能成功的意思，不一定付出努力tryone'sbesttodosth.

竭尽全力做某事=takeeveryefforttodosth.trysth.on

试穿e.g.Hetriedhisfortuneinanothercity.Thefoodisverydeliciousinthatrestaurant.Wecouldgoandtryit.Theyaretryingtosolvethisproblem.Tomistryingworkingoutthismathprobleminthisway.Youshouldtryyourbesttomakeprogress.

Trythisdresson,itwillfityouwell.

20②n.

尝试

[C]haveatry

试一试e.g.Shedidn'tmanageto

breaktherecord,butitwasagoodtry.That'snotdifficult.Youcanhaveatry.15.paragliding

n.

滑翔伞运动e.g.Adventuroustravellerscangoheli-skiing,paraglidingandbungeejumping.喜欢冒险的旅行者可以去直升机滑雪、伞翼滑翔和蹦极。*以-ing结尾的文体运动类名词：singingdancingdrawingswimmingskating

滑冰skiing

滑雪highjumping

跳高bungeejumping

蹦极rockclimbing攀岩mountaincliming

登山skateboarding

滑板运动

2116.feellike

①给的感觉；感受到feellikesth./doingsth.

感觉像(在做)

feellikethat+宾语从句感觉像

e.g.Ifeellikeafish(swimming)

inthesea.The3-Dfilmcanmakeyoufeellikebeing

intherealsituation.

处于一种真实的环境中Hefeltlikethathelostthewholeworld.②想要feellikesth./doingsth.=

wouldlikesth./todosth.=wantsth./todosth.想要某物/做某事e.g.Doyoufeellikeanotherdrink?It'srainingoutside.Idon'tfeellikegoingout.

2217.wonder

①v.

想知道

=wanttoknowwonder+宾语从句想知道

宾语从句要用陈述语序e.g.Roseiswonderingwhodidthewashing.Hewonderedif/whethertheirfriendshipwouldcontinue.②n.[C]奇迹；奇观e.g.TheGreatWallisoneofthesevenwondersaroundtheworld.③n.[U]惊讶；惊奇e.g.Iwaslisteningtohisstorywithwonder.吃惊地*wonderful

adj.

精彩的；绝妙的

2318.

difference

n.

差别；差异[C]/[U]makeadifference(to...)(对)有影响；有作用e.g.Thereisnodifferencebetweenthetwobooks.Thetwosweaterslookthesamebutthereisabigdifferenceinprice.Mrs.ThompsonmademefeelimportantandshowedmethatIcouldmakeadifference.有所作为Pleaselookatthesetwodifferentpictures,class,andcirclethedifferencesbetweenthem.*different

adj.

不同的；有差异的[OPP]sameadj.相同的bedifferentfrom...

与不同[OPP]

bethesameas...

与相同

differently

adv.

不同地

2419.

top

①n.

顶部[OPP]

bottom

n.

底部on/atthetop/bottomof...

在顶/底部fromthetoptothebottom

从上到下e.g.Thereisabirdonthetopofthehouse.Pleasewriteyournameatthetopofthepage.②n.

表面e.g.Canyoupolish

thetopofthetable?擦亮③adj.

(位置、级别或程度)最高的e.g.PekingUniversityisoneofthetopuniversitiesinChina.

2520.waitv.等待；等候waitforsb./sth.

等待某人/某物wait(forsb./sth.)todosth.等着(某人/某物)做某事】can'twaittodosth.

迫不及待地想做某事waitaminute/moment/second

稍等一下e.g.Wearewaitingformyfathertohavedinner.However,heiswaitingforabus.Ican'twaittoeat.Butmymomsays,“Waitaminute.”21.becauseof

因为

because连词，后只能接句子，表明直接、明确的原因。becauseof短语介词，后可接n./pron./名词性成分26e.g.Theboyisunhappybecausehehasnofriends.Iliketheboybecauseofhiskindnature.品性

Hedidn'tcometoschooltodaybecausehewasill.=Hedidn'tcometoschooltodaybecauseofhisillness.※because和so不能同时出现在一个句子中。22.below①adv.

在下面；到下面e.g.Pleasereadtherulesbelow.②prep.A.(空间或方位)在下面

[OPP]aboveprep.

在上面e.g.Therestandsachairbelowthewindow.B.(数量、程度、地位等)在以下，低于

27e.g.Thetemperatureinourhomtownusuallydropsbelowzeroinwinter.※辨析below与undere.g.Hedivedbelow

thesurfaceofthewater.他潜入了水中。Hestoodunderatree.

Flyinginthesky,wecanseethefascinating(迷人的)citybelow.

现在分词伴随状语

below表示在某物的下方，但不一定是在正下方（即可以是在正下方或非正下方)

[OPP]

aboveunder表示在某物的正下方

[OPP]

over2823.

enough①adj.

足够的；充足的；充分的修饰名词，放在名词前e.g.Therewillbeenoughtimetorelaxwhenyoufinishyourwork.②adv.

足够地；充足地；充分地用在形容词、副词和动词之后e.g.Ididn'trunfastenoughtocatchthebus.DoctorsandnursesarebraveenoughtoprotectusfromCOVID-19.