2013英语考研真题以及答案解析

2013年全国硕士研究生入学考试英语一真题及答案

SectionIUseofEnglish

Directions:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,C

orDonANSWERSHEET1.(10points)

Peopleare,onthewhole,pooratconsideringbackgroundinformationwhenmakingindividualdecisions.

Atfirstglancethismightseemlikeastrengththat1theabilitytomakejudgmentswhichareunbiasedby

2factors.ButDr.UriSimonsohnspeculatedthataninabilitytoconsiderthebig3wasleading

decision-makerstobebiasedbythedailysamplesofinformationtheywereworkingwith.4,hetheorised

thatajudge5ofappearingtoosoft6crimemightbemorelikelytosendsomeonetoprison7hehad

alreadysentencedfiveorsixotherdefendantsonlytoforcedcommunityserviceonthatday.

Tb8thisidea,heturnedtotheuniversity-admissionsprocess.Intheory,the9ofanapplicantshouldnot

dependonthefewothers10randomlyforinterviewduringthesameday,butDr.Simonsohnsuspected

thetruthwas11.

Hestudiedtheresultsof9,323MBAinterviews12by31admissionsofficers.Theinterviewershad13

applicantsonascaleofonetofive.Thisscale14numerousfactorsintoconsideration.Thescoreswere

15usedinconjunctionwithanapplicant'sscoreontheGraduateManagementAdmissionTest,orGMAT,

astandardizedexamwhichis16outof800points,tomakeadecisiononwhethertoaccepthimorher.

Dr.Simonsohnfoundifthescoreofthepreviouscandidateinadailyseriesofintervieweeswas0.75

pointsormorehigherthanthatoftheone17that,thenthescoreforthenextapplicantwould18byan

averageof0.075points.Thismightsoundsmall,butto19theeffectsofsuchadecreaseacandidate

couldneed30moreGMATpointsthanwouldotherwisehavebeen20.

1.[A]grants[B]submits[C]transmits[D]delivers

2.[A]minor[B]objective[C]crucial[D]external

3.[A]issue[B]vision[C]picture[D]external

4.[A]Forexample[B]Onaverage[C]lnprinciple[D]Aboveall

5.[A]fond[B]fearful[C]capable[D]thoughtless

6.[A]in[B]on[C]to[D]for

7.[A]if[B]until[C]though[D]unless

8.[A]promote[B]emphasize[C]share[D]test

9.[A]decision[B]quality[C]status[D]success

10.[A]chosen[B]studied[C]found[D]identified

11.[A]exceptional[B]defensible[C]replaceable[D]otherwise

12.[A]inspired[B]expressed[C]conducted[D]secured

13.[A]assigned[B]rated[C]matched[D]arranged

14.[A]put[B]got[C]gave[D]took

15.[A]instead[B]then[C]ever[D]rather

16.[A]selected[B]passed[C]marked[D]introduced

17.[A]before[B]after[C]above[D]below

18.[A]jump[B]float[C]drop[D]fluctuate

19.[A]achieve[B]undo[C]maintain[D]disregard

20.[A]promising[B]possible[C]necessary[D]helpful

SectionIIReadingComprehension

PartA

Directions:

Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.Markyour

answersonANSWERSHEET1.(40points)

Text1

Inthe2006filmversionofTheDevilWearsPrada,MirandaPriestly,playedbyMerylStreep,scoldsher

unattractiveassistantforimaginingthathighfashiondoesn'taffecther,Priestlyexplainshowthedeep

bluecoloroftheassistanfssweaterdescendedovertheyearsfromfashionshowstodepartmentsstores

andtothebargainbininwhichthepoorgirldoubtlessfoundhergarment.

Thistop-downconceptionofthefashionbusinesscouldn'tbemoreoutofdateoratoddswiththe

feverishwouldbedescribedinOverdressed,ElizabethCline'sthree-yearindictmentof“fastfashion".In

thelastdecadeorso,advancesintechnologyhaveallowedmass-marketlabelssuchasZara,H&M,and

Uniqlotoreacttotrendsmorequicklyandanticipatedemandmoreprecisely.Quickerturnaroundsmean

lesswastedinventory,morefrequentrelease,andmoreprofit.Theselabelsencouragestyle-conscious

consumerstoseeclothesasdisposable-meanttolastonlyawashortwo,althoughtheydon'tadvertise

that-andtorenewtheirwardrobeeveryfewweeks.Byofferingon-trenditemsatdirt-cheapprices,Cline

argues,thesebrandshavehijackedfashioncycles,shakinganindustrylongaccustomedtoaseasonal

pace.

Thevictimsofthisrevolution,ofcourse,arenotlimitedtodesigners.ForH&Mtooffera$5.95knit

miniskirtinallits2,300-piusstoresaroundtheworld,itmustrelyonlow-wageoverseaslabor,orderin

volumesthatstrainnaturalresources,andusemassiveamountsofharmfulchemicals.

Overdressedisthefashionworld'sanswertoconsumer-activistbestsellerslikeMichaelPollan'sThe

Omnivore'sDilemma.uMass-producedclothing,likefastfood,fillsahungerandneed,yetisnon-durable

andwasteful,"Clineargues.Americans,shefinds,buyroughly20billiongarmentsayear-about64

itemsperperson-andnomatterhowmuchtheygiveaway,thisexcessleadstowaste.

TowardstheendofOverdressed,Clineintroducedherideal,aBrooklynwomannamedSarahKate

Beaumont,whosince2008hasmadeallofherownclothes-andbeautifully.ButasClineisthefirstto

note,ittookBeaumontdecadestoperfecthercraft;herexamplecan'tbeknockedoff.

Thoughseveralfast-fashioncompanieshavemadeeffortstocurbtheirimpactonlaborandthe

environment-includingH&M,withitsgreenConsciousCollectionline-Clinebelieveslastingchange

canonlybeeffectedbythecustomer.Sheexhibitstheidealismcommontomanyadvocatesof

sustainability,beitinfoodorinenergy.Vanityisaconstant;peoplew川onlystartshoppingmore

sustainablywhentheycan'taffordnotto.

21.Priestlycriticizesherassistantforher

[A]poorbargainingskill.

[B]insensitivitytofashion.

[C]obsessionwithhighfashion.

[D]lackofimagination.

22.AccordingtoCline,mass-marketlabelsurgeconsumersto

[A]combatunnecessarywaste.

[B]shutoutthefeverishfashionworld.

[C]resisttheinfluenceofadvertisements.

[D]shopfortheirgarmentsmorefrequently.

23.Theword"indictment"(Line3,Para.2)isclosestinmeaningto

[A]accusation.

[B]enthusiasm.

[C]indifference.

[D]tolerance.

24.Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?

[A]Vanityhasmoreoftenbeenfoundinidealists.

[B]Thefast-fashionindustryignoressustainability.

[C]Peoplearemoreinterestedinunaffordablegarments.

[D]Pricingisvitaltoenvironment-friendlypurchasing.

25.Whatisthesubjectofthetext?

[A]Satireonanextravagantlifestyle.

[B]Challengetoahigh-fashionmyth.

[C]Criticismofthefast-fashionindustry.

[D]Exposureofamass-marketsecret.

Text2

Anoldsayinghasitthathalfofalladvertisingbudgetsarewasted-thetroubleis,nooneknowswhichhalf.

Intheinternetage,atleastintheory,thisfractioncanbemuchreduced.Bywatchingwhatpeoplesearch

for,clickonandsayonline,companiescanaim"behavioural"adsatthosemostlikelytobuy.

Inthepastcoupleofweeksaquarrelhasillustratedthevaluetoadvertisersofsuchfine-grained

information:Shouldadvertisersassumethatpeoplearehappytobetrackedandsentbehaviouralads?

Orshouldtheyhaveexplicitpermission?

InDecember2010America'sFederalTradeCommission(FTC)proposedaddinga"donottrack"(DNT)

optiontointernetbrowsers,sothatuserscouldtelladvertisersthattheydidnotwanttobe

followed.Microsoft'sInternetExplorerandApple'sSafaribothofferDNT;Google'sChromeisduetodo

sothisyear.InFebruarytheFTCandDigitalAdvertisingAlliance(DAA)agreedthattheindustrywould

getcrackingonrespondingtoDNTrequests.

OnMay31stMicrosoftSetofftherow:ItsaidthatInternetExplorer10,theversionduetoappear

windows8,wouldhaveDNTasadefault.

Itisnotyetclearhowadvertiserswillrespond.GettingaDNTsignaldoesnotobligeanyonetostop

tracking,althoughsomecompanieshavepromisedtodoso.Unabletotellwhethersomeonereally

objectstobehaviouraladsorwhethertheyarestickingwithMicrosoft'sdefault,somemayignoreaDNT

signalandpressonanyway.

AlsouncleariswhyMicrosofthasgoneitalone.Afterall,ithasanadbusinesstoo,whichitsayswill

complywithDNTrequests,thoughitisstillworkingouthow.IfitistryingtoupsetGoogle,whichrelies

almostwhollyondefaultwillbecomethenorm.DNTdoesnotseemanobviouslyhugesellingpointfor

windows8-thoughthefirmhascomparedsomeofitsotherproductsfavourablywithGoogle'sonthat

countbefore.BrendonLynch,Microsoft'schiefprivacyofficer,blogged:"webelieveconsumersshould

havemorecontrol."Coulditreallybethatsimple?

26.Itissuggestedinparagraph1that“behavioural”adshelpadvertisersto:

[A]easecompetitionamongthemselves

[B]lowertheiroperationalcosts

[C]avoidcomplaintsfromconsumers

[D]providebetteronlineservices

27.“Theindustry**(Line6,Para.3)refersto:

[A]onlineadvertisers

[B]e-commerceconductors

[C]digitalinformationanalysis

[D]internetbrowserdevelopers

28.BobLiodiceholdsthatsettingDNTasadefault

[A]manycutthenumberofjunkads

[B]failstoaffecttheadindustry

[C]willnotbenefitconsumers

[D]goesagainsthumannature

29.WhichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtoParagraph.6?

[A]DNTmaynotserveitsintendedpurpose

[B]AdvertisersarewillingtoimplementDNT

[C]DNTislosingitspopularityamongconsumers

[D]Advertisersareobligedtoofferbehaviouralads

30.Theauthor'sattitudetowardswhatBrendonLynchsaidinhisblogisoneof:

[A]indulgence

[B]understanding

[C]appreciation

[D]skepticism

Text3

Upuntilafewdecadesago,ourvisionsofthefuturewerelargely-thoughbynomeansuniformly-

glowinglypositive.Scienceandtechnologywouldcurealltheillsofhumanity,leadingtolivesof

fulfillmentandopportunityforall.

Nowutopiahasgrownunfashionable,aswehavegainedadeeperappreciationoftherangeofthreats

facingus,fromasteroidstriketoepidemicfluandtoclimatechange.Youmightevenbetemptedto

assumethathumanityhaslittlefuturetolookforwardto.

Butsuchgloominessismisplaced.Thefossilrecordshowsthatmanyspecieshaveenduredformillions

ofyears-sowhyshouldn'twe?lakeabroaderlookatourspecies*placeintheuniverse,anditbecomes

clearthatwehaveanexcellentchanceofsurvivingfortens,ifnothundreds,ofthousandsofyears.Look

upHomosapiensinthe"RedList"ofthreatenedspeciesoftheInternationalUnionfortheConversation

ofNature(IUCN),andyouwillread:"ListedasLeastConcernasthespeciesisverywidelydistributed,

adaptable,currentlyincreasing,andtherearenomajorthreatsresultinginanoverallpopulationdecline.1'

Sowhatdoesourdeepfuturehold?Agrowingnumberofresearchersandorganizationsarenowthinking

seriouslyaboutthatquestion.Forexample,theLongNowFoundationhasitsflagshipprojectamedical

clockthatisdesignedtostillbemarkingtimethousandsofyearshence.

Perhapswillfully,itmaybeeasiertothinkaboutsuchlengthytimescalesthanaboutthemoreimmediate

future.Thepotentialevolutionoftoday'stechnology,anditssocialconsequences,isdazzlingly

complicated,andit'sperhapsbestlefttosciencefictionwritersandfuturologiststoexplorethemany

possibilitieswecanenvisage.That'sonereasonwhywehavelaunchedArc,anewpublicationdedicated

tothenearfuture.

Buttakealongerviewandthereisasurprisingamountthatwecansaywithconsiderableassurance.As

sooften,thepastholdsthekeytothefuture:wehavenowidentifiedenoughofthelong-termpatterns

shapingthehistoryoftheplanet,andourspecies,tomakeevidence-basedforecastsaboutthesituations

inwhichourdescendantswillfindthemselves.

Thislongperspectivemakesthepessimisticviewofourprospectsseemmorelikelytobeapassingfad.

Tobesure,thefutureisnotallrosy.Butwearenowknowledgeableenoughtoreducemanyoftherisks

thatthreatenedtheexistenceofearlierhumans,andtoimprovethelotofthosetocome.

31.Ourvisionofthefutureusedtobeinspiredby

[A]ourdesireforlivesoffulfillment

[B]ourfaithinscienceandtechnology

[C]ourawarenessofpotentialrisks

[D]ourbeliefinequalopportunity

32.TheIUCN's"RedListMsuggestthathumanbeingare

[A]asustainedspecies

[B]athreatentotheenvironment

[C]theworld'sdominantpower

[D]amisplacedrace

33.WhichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtoParagraph5?

[A]Archelpslimitthescopeoffuturologicalstudies.

[B]Technologyofferssolutionstosocialproblem.

[C]Theinterestinsciencefictionisontherise.

[D]OurImmediatefutureishardtoconceive.

34.lbensurethefutureofmankind,itiscrucialto

[A]exploreourplanetsabundantresources

[B]adoptanoptimisticviewoftheworld

[C]drawonourexperiencefromthepast

[D]curbourambitiontoreshapehistory

35.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?

[A]UncertaintyaboutOurFuture

[B]EvolutionoftheHumanSpecies

[C]TheEver-brightProspectsofMankind

[D]Science,TechnologyandHumanity

Text4

Onafivetothreevote,theSupremeCourtknockedoutmuchofArizona'simmigrationlawMonday-a

modestpolicyvictoryfortheObamaAdministration.ButonthemoreimportantmatteroftheConstitution,

thedecisionwasan8-0defeatfortheAdministration'sefforttoupsetthebalanceofpowerbetweenthe

federalgovernmentandthestates.

InArizonav.UnitedStates,themajorityoverturnedthreeofthefourcontestedprovisionsofArizona's

controversialplantohavestateandlocalpoliceenforcefederalimmigrationlaw.TheConstitutional

principlesthatWashingtonalonehasthepowerto"establishauniformRuleofNaturalization"andthat

federallawsprecedestatelawsarenoncontroversial.Arizonahadattemptedtofashionstatepolicies

thatranparalleltotheexistingfederalones.

JusticeAnthonyKennedy,joinedbyChiefJusticeJohnRobertsandtheCourfsliberals,ruledthatthe

stateflewtooclosetothefederalsun.Ontheoverturnedprovisionsthemajorityheldthecongresshad

deliberately"occupiedthefield"andArizonahadthusintrudedonthefederaPsprivilegedpowers.

However,theJusticessaidthatArizonapolicewouldbeallowedtoverifythelegalstatusofpeoplewho

comeincontactwithlawenforcement.ThafsbecauseCongresshasalwaysenvisionedjoint

federal-stateimmigrationenforcementandexplicitlyencouragesstateofficerstoshareinformationand

cooperatewithfederalcolleagues.

TwoofthethreeobjectingJustice-SamuelAlitoandClarenceThomas-agreedwiththisConstitutional

logicbutdisagreedaboutwhichArizonarulesconflictedwiththefederalstatute.Theonlymajorobjection

camefromJusticeAntoninScalia,whoofferedanevenmorerobustdefenseofstateprivilegesgoing

backtotheAlienandSeditionActs.

The8-0objectiontoPresidentObamaturnsonwhatJusticeSamuelAlitodescribesinhisobjectionas“a

shockingassertionoffederalexecutivepower".TheWhiteHousearguedthatArizona'slawsconflicted

withitsenforcementpriorities,evenifstatelawscompliedwithfederalstatutestotheletter.Ineffect,the

WhiteHouseclaimedthatitcouldinvalidateanyotherwiselegitimatestatelawthatitdisagreeswith.

Somepowersdobelongexclusivelytothefederalgovernment,andcontrolofcitizenshipandtheborders

isamongthem.ButifCongresswantedtopreventstatesfromusingtheirownresourcestocheck

immigrationstatus,itcould.Itneverdidso.Theadministrationwasinessenceassertingthatbecauseit

didn'twanttocarryoutCongress'simmigrationwishes,nostateshouldbeallowedtodosoeither.Every

Justicerightlyrejectedthisremarkableclaim.

36.ThreeprovisionsofArizona'splanwereoverturnedbecausethey

[A]deprivedthefederalpoliceofConstitutionalpowers.

[B]disturbedthepowerbalancebetweendifferentstates.

[C]oversteppedtheauthorityoffederalimmigrationlaw.

[D]contradictedboththefederalandstatepolicies.

37.OnwhichofthefollowingdidtheJusticesagree,accordingtoParagraph4?

[A]Federalofficers,dutytowithholdimmigrantsInformation.

[B]States*independencefromfederalimmigrationlaw.

[C]States1legitimateroleinimmigrationenforcement.

[D]Congress'sinterventioninimmigrationenforcement.

38.ItcanbeinferredfromParagraph5thattheAlienandSeditionActs

[A]violatedtheConstitution.

[B]underminedthestates1interests.

[C]supportedthefederalstatute.

[D]stoodinfavorofthestates.

39.TheWhiteHouseclaimsthatitspowerofenforcement

[A]outweighsthatheldbythestates.

[B]isdependentonthestates,support.

[C]isestablishedbyfederalstatutes.

[D]rarelygoesagainststatelaws.

40.Whatcanbelearnedfromthelastparagraph?

[A]ImmigrationissuesareusuallydecidedbyCongress.

[B]JusticesintendedtocheckthepoweroftheAdministration.

[C]JusticeswantedtostrengthenitscoordinationwithCongress.

[D]TheAdministrationisdominantoverimmigrationissues.

PartB

Directions:

Inthefollowingarticle,somesentenceshavebeenremoved.ForQuestions41-45,choosethemost

suitableonefromthelistA-Gtofitintoeachofthenumberedblank.Therearetwoextrachoices,which

donotfitinanyofthegaps.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.(10points)

Thesocialsciencesareflourishing.Asof2005,therewerealmosthalfamillionprofessionalsocial

scientistsfromallfieldsintheworld,workingbothinsideandoutsideacademia.AccordingtotheWorld

SocialScienceReport2010,thenumberofsocial-sciencestudentsworldwidehasswollenbyabout11%

everyyearsince2000.

Yetthisenormousresourceinnotcontributingenoughtotoday'sglobalchallengesincludingclimate

change,security,sustainabledevelopmentandhealth.(41)Humanityhasthenecessary

agro-technologicaltoolstoeradicatehunger,fromgeneticallyengineeredcropstoartificialfertilizers.

Here,too,theproblemsaresocial:theorganizationanddistributionoffood,wealthandprosperity.

(42)____Thisisashame——thecommunityshouldbegraspingtheopportunitytoraiseitsinfluenceinthe

realworld.ToparaphrasethegreatsocialscientistJosephSchumpeter:thereisnoradicalinnovation

withoutcreativedestruction.

Today,thesocialsciencesarelargelyfocusedondisciplinaryproblemsandinternalscholarlydebates,

ratherthanontopicswithexternalimpact.

Analysesrevealthatthenumberofpapersincludingthekeywords"environmentalchanged"or"climate

change"haveincreasedrapidlysince2004,(43)____

Whensocialscientistsdotacklepracticalissues,theirscopeisoftenlocal:Belgiumisinterestedmainlyin

theeffectsofpovertyonBelgiumforexample.Andwhetherthecommunity'sworkcontributesmuchtoan

overallaccumulationofknowledgeisdoubtful.

Theproblemisnotnecessarilytheamountofavailablefunding(44)____thisisanadequateamountso

longasitisaimedintherightdirection.Socialscientistswhocomplainaboutalackoffundingshouldnot

expectmoreintoday'seconomicclimate.

Thetrickistodirectthesefundsbetter.TheEuropeanUnionFrameworkfundingprogramshavelonghad

acategoryspecificallytargetedatsocialscientists.Thisyear,itwasproposedthatsystembechanged:

Horizon2020,anewprogramtobeenactedin2014,wouldnothavesuchacategory,Thishasresultedin

protestsfromsocialscientists.Buttheintentionisnottoneglectsocialscience;rather,thecomplete

opposite.(45)____Thatshouldcreatemorecollaborativeendeavorsandhelptodevelopprojectsaimed

directlyatsolvingglobalproblems.

[A]Itcouldbethatweareevolvingtwocommunitiesofsocialscientists:onethatisdiscipline-oriented

andpublishinginhighlyspecializedjournals,andonethatisproblem-orientedandpublishingelsewhere,

suchaspolicybriefs.

[B]However,thenumbersarestillsmall:in2010,about1,600ofthe100,000social-sciencespapers

publishedgloballyincludedoneoftheseKeywords.

[C]theideaistoforcesocialtointegratetheirworkwithothercategories,includinghealthand

demographicchangefoodsecurity,marineresearchandthebio-economy,clear,efficientenergy;and

inclusive,innovativeandsecuresocieties.

[D]thesolutionistochangethemindsetoftheacademiccommunity,andwhatitconsiderstobeitsmain

goal.Globalchallengesandsocialinnovationoughttoreceivemuchmoreattentionfromscientists,

especiallytheyoungones.

[E]Theseissuesallhaverootcausesinhumanbehavior.Allrequirebehavioralchangeandsocial

innovations,aswellastechnologicaldevelopment.Stemmingclimatechange,forexample,isasmuch

aboutchangingconsumptionpatternsandpromotingtaxacceptanceasitisaboutdevelopingclean

energy.

[F]Despitethesefactors,manysocialscientistsseemreluctanttotacklesuchproblems.AndinEurope,

someareupinarmsoveraproposaltodropaspecificfundingcategoryforsocial-scienceresearchand

tointegrateitwithincross-cuttingtopicsofsustainabledevelopment.

[G]Duringthelate1990s,nationalspendingonsocialsciencesandthehumanitiesasapercentageofall

researchanddevelopmentfunds-includinggovernment,highereducation,non-profitandcorporate

-variedfromaround4%to25%;inmostEuropeannations,itisabout15%.

SectionIIITranslation

46.Directions:

ReadthefollowingtextcarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsegmentsintoChinese.Your

translationshouldbewrittenclearlyonANSWERSHEET2.(10points)

Itisspeculatedthatgardensarisefromabasicneedintheindividualswhomadethem:theneedfor

creativeexpression.Thereisnodoubtthatgardensevidenceanimpossibleurgetocreate,express,

fashion,andbeautifyandthatself-expressionisabasichumanurge;(46)Yetwhenonelooksatthe

photographsofthegardencreatedbythehomeless,itstrikesonethat,foralltheirdiversityofstyles,

thesegardensspeakofvariousotherfundamentalurges,beyondthatofdecorationandcreative

expression.

Oneoftheseurgeshadtodowithcreatingastateofpeaceinthemidstofturbulence,a“stillpointofthe

turningworld,^^toborrowaphrasefromT.S.Eliot.(47)Asacredplaceofpeace,howevercrudeitmaybe,

isadistinctlyhumanneed,asopposedtoshelter,whichisadistinctlyanimalneed.Thisdistinctionisso

muchsothatwherethelatterislacking,asitisfortheseunlikelygardens,theformerbecomesallthe

moreurgent.Composureisastateofmindmadepossiblebythestructuringofone'srelationtoone's

environment.(48)Thegardensofthehomelesswhichareineffecthomelessgardensintroducefrominto

anurbanenvironmentwhereiteitherdidn'texistorwasnotdiscernibleassuch.Insodoingtheygive

composuretoasegmentoftheinarticulateenvironmentinwhichtheytaketheirstand.

Anotherurgeorneedthatthesegardensappeartorespondto,ortoarisefromissointrinsicthatweare

barelyeverconsciousofitsabidingclaimsonus.Whenwearedeprivedofgreen,ofplants,oftrees,(49)

mostofusgiveintoademoralizationofspiritwhichweusuallyblameonsomepsychologicalconditions,

untilonedaywefindourselvesingardenandfeeltheexpressionvanishasifbymagic.Inmostofthe

homelessgardensofNewYorkCitytheactualcultivationofplantsisunfeasible,yetevensothe

compositionsoftenseemtorepresentattemptstocallarrangementofmaterials,aninstitutionofcolors,

smallpoolofwater,andafrequentpresenceofpetalsorleavesaswellasofstuffedanimals.Ondisplay

herearevariousfantasyelementswhosereference,atsomebasiclevel,seemstobethenaturalworld.

(50)ltisthisimplicitorexplicitreferencetonaturethatfullyjustifiestheuseofwordgardenthoughina

,,liberated^^sense,todescribethesesyntheticconstructions.Inthemwecanseebiophilia-ayearningfor

contactwithnonhumanlife—assuminguncannyrepresentationalforms.

SectionIVWriting

PartA

51.Directions:

Writeane-mailofabout100wordstoaforeignteacherinyourcollege,invitinghim/hertobeajudgefor

theupcomingEnglishspeechcontest.

Youshouldincludethedetailsyouthinknecessary.

YoushouldwriteneatlyontheANSWERSHEET2.

Donotsignyourownnameattheendofthee-mail,Use"LiMingMinstead.

Donotwritetheaddress.(10points)

PartB

52.Directions:

Writeanessayof160-200wordsbasedonthefollowingdrawing.Inyouressayyoushould

1)describethedrawingbriefly

2)explainitsintendedmeaning,and

3)giveyourcomments

YoushouldwriteneatlyonANSWERSHEET2.(20points)

参考答案

SectionIUseofEnglish

1.A.grants

2.D.external

3.C.picture

4.A.Forexample

5.B.fearful

6.B.on

7.A.if

8.D.test

9.D.success

10.A.chosen

11.D.otherwise

12.C.conducted

13.B.rated

14.D.took

15.B.then

16.C.marked

17.A.before

18.C.drop

19.B.undo

20.C.necessary

SectionIIReadingComprehension

PartA

Text1(Inthe2006)

21.B.insensitivitytofashion

22.D.shopfortheirgarmentmorefrequently

23.A.accusation

24.D.pricingisvitaltoenvironment-friendlypurchasing

25.C.criticismofthefast-fashionindustry

Text2(Anoldsaying)

26.B.lowertheiroperationalcosts

27.D.internetbrowserdevelopers

28.C.willnotbenefitconsumers

29.A.DNTmaynotserveitsintendedpurpose

30.D.skepticism

Text3(Nowutopia)

31.B.ourfaithinscienceandtechnology

32.A.sustainedspecies

33.D.ourimmediatefutureishardtoconceive

34.C.drawonourexperiencefromthepast

35.C.theever-brightprospectsofmankind

Text4(Onafivetothree)

36.C.oversteppedtheauthorityoffederalimmigration

37.C.states*legitimateroleinimmigrationenforcement

38.D.stoodinfavorofthestates

39.A.outweighsthatheldbythestates

40.D.TheAdministrationisdominantoverimmigrationissues.

PartB

41.E.Theseissuesallhaverootcausesinhumanbehavior...

42.F.Despitethesefactors...

43.B.However,thenumbersarestillsmall...

44.G.Duringthelate1990s...

45.C.Theideaistoforcesocialtointegrate...

SectionIIITranslation

46.然而，看着无家可归者绘制出的花园图片时，人们会突然意识到，尽管这些花园风格多样，它们都显

示了人类除了装饰和创造性表达之外的其他各种基本诉求47.一块神圣的和平之地，不管它有多么粗糙，

它都是一种人类本能的需求，和庇护所相反，那只是动物的本能需求。

47.无论地方多么简陋不堪，寻求一片静谧圣土是人类特有的需求，而动物需要的仅是仅是避难栖息之地。

48.无家可归者描绘的花园实质上是无所依附的，这些花园把一种形式引入城市环境中，而这样的城市环

境中，形式要么根本不存在，要么就完全不是以这种明显的方式存在。

49.我们大多数人会深陷于精神萎靡的状态，并常常将此归咎为一些心理原因，直到某天我们发现自己置

身花园中，感到如魔法般烦闷尽消。

50.正是对自然的这种或隐晦含蓄或清晰直