老高考旧教材适用2025版高考英语二轮复习专题一阅读理解考点分类练六推理判断题-文章出处类

考点分类练(六)推理推断题——文章出处类Passage1(2024安徽宣城二模)Haveyoueverfoundpickingoutthefaceofafriendinagroupphotoissometimeshard,especiallywheneveryonecrowdstogether?Inthesameway,itcanalsobehardtoreadapassageoftextwhenthelettersaretooclosetogether.Infact,anewstudyshowsthatspacingthelettersfartherapartcanhelpanyonereadfaster,andpossiblyunderstandmore.Dyslexiaisacommonreadingdisorder.Crowdedtextwasespeciallydifficultforpeoplewithdyslexiatoread.Soresearcherswantedtoseeifincreasingthespacingbetweenletterswouldhelp.StevenStagg,ascientist,studieshowpeoplethinkandlearn.Histeamrecruited59studentsbetween11and15yearsold,thirty-twoofwhomhaddyslexia.Whiletheresearchersrecordedthem,eachstudentreadtwopassagesoutloud.Onepassagewasinitsoriginalformat.Intheother,therewasanincreaseof2.5pointsinthespacingbetweentheletters.Therecordingallowedthescientiststomeasuretheirreadingspeedandcountanymistakes,suchasskippedwords.Peoplewithdyslexiaoftenemployaidstohelpthemread,suchascoloredoverlays(覆盖物).Thistimetheyareofferedbytheresearchers.Thosecoloredoverlaysdidn’thelpeithergroupofkids.Buttheextraspacingdid.Kidswithdyslexiareadthewider-spacedtext13percentfasterthanthetextwithoriginalspacing.Thesekidsalsomadefewermistakes.Studentswithoutdyslexiareadfaster,too,althoughonlyby5percent.Thisisverygoodnews.Itmeansteachersandpublisherscanprintmaterialwithextraspacingbetweenletters.Readerswithdyslexiawon’tfeelsingledoutbyhavingtousespecialaidsforreading.AnorganizationcalledReadabilityMattersisworkingontheseissues.Thegroupistryingtogettechcompaniestomakechangesthatshouldmakereadingeasier.Staggsays,“Somemethodshaveshownmixedresults,butletterspacingseemstobetheonethingthateveryoneisfindingworks.”1.Whatisthepurposeofthefirstparagraph?A.Tomakethearticleinteresting.B.Topresentacommonproblem.C.Toleadtothetopicofthearticle.D.Toprovideanewsolution.2.Whatdoyouknowaboutpeoplewithdyslexia?A.Theymayunderstandeverythingwhilereadingwider-spacedtext.B.Theymayreadfasterthannormalkidswhilereadingwider-spacedtext.C.Theymayfreefromdyslexiaafterincreasingletterspacing.D.Theymayfeelsingledoutwhileusingcoloredoverlaysforreading.3.Inwhichcolumnofanewspapercanweprobablyfindthispassage?A.Sciencestudy.B.Campuslife.C.Starstories. D.Business.4.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.ReadersTrytoImproveReadingSpeedB.YouJustNeedMoreSpaceC.ColoredOverlaysAreHelpfulAidsD.DyslexiaAffectsReadingSpeedPassage2(2024广西桂林梧州一模)Thenumberofweather-relateddisastershasincreasedbyfivetimesoverthepast50years,thelatestreportbytheWorldMeteorological(气象)Organization(WMO)saidonSeptember1st.However,thankstoimprovedearlywarningsystemsanddisastermanagement,thenumberofdeathfromthesehazards(危急)hasbeenalmostthreetimesless.AccordingtotheWMO,from1970to2024,weather,climateandwaterhazardsaccountedfor50percentofalldisasters.Amongthetop10hazardsthatledtothelargestlossofhumanlifeduringthisperiodweredroughts,storms,floodsandextremetemperatures.However,deathsfellfromover50,000inthe1970stolessthan20,000inthe2010s.“Weather,climateandwaterextremesareincreasingandwillbecomemorefrequentandsevereinmanypartsoftheworldasaresultofclimatechange,”saysWMOSecretary-GeneralPetteriTaalas.“Thatmeansmoreheatwaves,droughtandforestfiressuchasthosewehaveobservedrecentlyinEuropeandNorthAmerica.Wehavemorewatervaporintheatmosphere,whichisworseningextremerainfallanddeadlyflooding.Thewarmingoftheoceanhasaffectedthefrequencyandareaofexistenceofthemostintensetropicalstorms.”“Economiclossesareincreasingasexposureincreases.Butbehindthestatisticsliesamessageofhope.Improvedmulti-hazardearlywarningsystemshaveledtoasignificantreductionindeaths.Quitesimply,wearebetterthaneverbeforeatsavinglives,”Taalassaid.5.Whatdoweknowfromthefirstparagraph?A.Disastersconnectedwithweatherhavegoneup.B.Thenumberofweather-relateddisastershasdecreased.C.Thenumberofdeathsfromhazardshasbeenincreasing.D.Earlywarningsystemshavemadedisastersdeclinemuch.6.WhatwillhappenaccordingtoPetteriTaalas?A.Therewillbemoreextremeweather.B.Extremerainfallwillnolongerexist.C.Watervaporintheatmospherewillgodown.D.Humanwillconquerextremeweatherintheend.7.Whatishopefulbehindthebadnews?A.Improvedwarningsystemswillsaveeconomiclosses.B.Economiclossesaregoingdownasexposureincreases.C.Moreliveswillbesavedthankstoearlywarningsystems.D.Improvedearlywarningsystemswillcontrolextremeweather.8.Wheremaythetextbetakenfrom?A.Anovel. B.Abrochure.C.Aguideline. D.Amagazine.Passage3(2024广西南宁二模)Inordertogetridofgoldenrodfromthecity,thegovernmentofWuhanisencouragingresidentstoreportanyfindingsoftheplant,whichisclassifiedasaharmfulalienspecies.Goldenrodisoneofthemostsuccessfulandwidespreadalienplantspecies.Itisoftenreferredtoas“theflowerofthedevil”,asitspreadsextremelyfastandcausesotherplantstodie.BesidesHubeiprovince,theplanthasalsobeenfoundexpandinginotherprovincessuchasJiangxiandZhejiang.Althoughlocalauthoritieshavetriedtogetridoftheplant,itisprovingtobeadifficulttask.Goldenrodrepresentsjustoneofthealienspeciesthatareaggressivetowardsthecountry’snativespecies.Statisticsshowthatby2024,nearly800kindsofalienspecieshadinvadedthecountry,amongwhich638specieshaveinvadedthecountry’sagriculturalandforestryecosystems,causingdirecteconomiclossesofabout200billionyuan($31.36billion).AttheUnitedNationsBiodiversityConferenceheldinKunming,Yunnanprovince,theinvasionofalienspecieswasthesubjectofdiscussions,asitwasregardedasoneofthetwomostimportantfactorsleadingtothelossofbiodiversity,theotherbeinghuman-causedecologicaldamage.ChinapasseditsBiosecurityLawonApril15,2024,whichprovidesthelegalbasisforpreventingtheinvasionofalienspeciesandprotectingbiodiversityinthecountry.Therelevantdepartmentsalsostrictlycarryoutportinspectionsandquarantinessoastokeepharmfulorganismsoutofthecountry,andtheystrengthenearlywarningandmonitoringsystemssoastoaddresstheinvasionasearlyaspossible.However,whilegovernmentdepartmentsaremakingeveryefforttopreventandcontrolthesituation,theparticipationofthepeopleshouldnotbeignored.Itisalsonecessary,asWuhanisdoing,toencouragepeopletopayattentiontoinvasivespeciesandactivelyplayaroleinkeepingthematbay.Preventinganyinvasionbyanalienspeciesandprotectingbiodiversityshouldnotjustbethegovernmentdepartmentsfightingalone,butalsoapeople’swar.

9.Whatcanwelearnaboutgoldenrodfromthetext?A.ItoriginatesinWuhan.B.Itdoesharmtopeople’shealth.C.Itisagreatthreattothesurroundingplants.D.Itcausesaneconomiclossofabout$31.36billion.10.Whatisparagraph5mainlyabout?A.China’seffortstostoptheinvasionofalienspecies.B.Relevantdepartments’warningofgoldenrod.C.Thelegalbasistoprotectbiodiversity.D.Theimportanceofportinspectionsandquarantines.11.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“keepingthematbay”inthelastparagraphmean?A.Keepingtheinvasivespeciesoutofthecountry.B.Buildingsomebarriersforthespecies.C.Preventingtheflowersfromgrowingfast.D.Keepingthealienspeciessafeattheport.12.Inwhichsectionofanewspapercanthistextbefound?A.Business. B.Culture.C.Environment. D.Opinion.

考点分类练(六)推理推断题——文章出处类Passage1【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲解并描述了一项探讨表明增加字母间距有助于帮助患有阅读障碍的人阅读,让无阅读障碍的人阅读速度更快。1.C解析推理推断题。由第一段内容可知,与在合影中分辨挚友的脸有时很难一样,字母靠得太近也让人难以分辨,而探讨表明加大字母间隔能帮助人提高阅读速度,承接下文,引出其次段内容。所以第一段的目的是引出文章的主题。2.D解析推理推断题。由第四段中的“Peoplewithdyslexiaoftenemployaidstohelpthemread,suchascoloredoverlays(覆盖物).”和倒数其次段中的“Readerswithdyslexiawon’tfeelsingledoutbyhavingtousespecialaidsforreading.”可推断出,当阅读障碍患者运用彩色版面阅读时,他们可能会感到被孤立了。3.A解析推理推断题。本文主要是介绍一项科学探讨,会在报纸的“科学探讨”专栏找到这篇文章。4.B解析主旨大意题。本文主要讲解并描述了增加字母间距有助于帮助患有阅读障碍的人阅读,B项“你只须要更多的(字母)空间”符合文意。Passage2【语篇导读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲了极端天气和与此相关的灾难会越来越多,但是人类可以通过早期预警系统挽救更多的生命。5.A解析细微环节理解题。由第一段第一句中的“Thenumberofweather-relateddisastershasincreasedbyfivetimesoverthepast50years”可知,与气候相关的灾难增多了。6.A解析细微环节理解题。由第三段PetteriTaalas说的话可知,PetteriTaalas认为极端天气会增多。7.C解析细微环节理解题。由最终一段中的“Butbehindthestatisticsliesamessageofhope.Improvedmulti-hazardearlywarningsystemshaveledtoasignificantreductionin