StrategicGears-中东和北非的人工智能 Artificial Intelligence in the Middle East and North Africa 2024

Artificial

Intelligence

intheMiddleEastandNorthAfrica

SraegicGears

Managementconsultancy

CONTENTS

Contents2

TheKeyTakeaways

3

Introduction4

AIandtheWorldofBusiness

5

AIinMENA10

BenchmarkofAIstrategies11

AIMarketPotentialandEconomicValue14

SectorsadoptingAI16

Casestudy:AIinEgypt25

ProgressofAIStrategyinEgypt29

AIforGovernment30

AIforDevelopment32

AIforHumanCapacityBuilding41

AIforInternationalActivities44

InsightsfromCompaniesinEgypt45

Movingforward:LessonsforEgypt47

References49

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KeyTakeaways

TheArtificialIntelligence(AI)intheMiddleEastand

NorthAfrica(MENA)reportreviewsthelandscape

ofAIacrosstheMENAregionandfeaturesacase

studyofEgypt.Thereporthighlightsthepromise

ofAIandhowitisbeingintegratedacrosssectors

inMENAcountriesandassessesEgypt’sprogress

inimplementingthefourpillarsofitsNationalAI

Strategy:AIforgovernmentagencies,developmentalsectors,humancapacity,andinternationalactivities.Belowarethekeytakeaways:

AItechnologyistransformingthewaycompanies

operate,pushingtheboundariesofgrowth.By

leveragingAItoolstomakedecisionsbasedondata,automatetasksusingmachinelearning,tighten

cybersecurity,andstreamlinebusiness-to-customermanagementsystems,businessesareacquiring

productivitygainsandunlockinggreatergrowthprospects.

Thedigitalgapremainsaperennialchallengefor

non-richeconomiesintheMENAregion.WhileGCC

countrieshaveinvestedsizablyinmakinginternet

connectivitymoreaccessible,middleandlower-

incomeonesdonothavethefiscalresourcestodoso,ultimatelyconstrainingthepotentialreturnonAIfortheregion.

MENAeconomiesareprojectedtogenerateUSD

320billioninAIrevenuesby2030.Amongthese

economies,SaudiArabiaissettoreapthegreatestshare,accountingfor42%ofthetotalAIrevenues,followedbytheUAEat30%,andEgyptat13%.

ThepolicyenvironmentforAIinMENAcountriesis

maturing,withninestatesintheregionratifying

nationalAIstrategies.Whilethesophisticationof

AItechnologiesvariesacrosscountriesandsectors,notablestepstowardwiderintegrationinSaudi

Arabia,UAE,Bahrain,Jordan,Qatar,Tunisia,Algeria,Morocco,andEgyptarebeingmade.

EgyptisphasingAItodiversesectorsinalignment

withthefourpillarsoutlinedinitsAIstrategy.The

integrationofAIinEgyptiscoveringgovernment

agenciesandindustrieslikeagriculture,healthcare,manufacturing,andfinance,propellingthecountrytorankfirstinNorthAfrica,secondinAfrica,seventhintheMENAregion,and62ndoutof194countries

globallyintermsofpreparednesstoimplementAI,accordingtotheGovernmentAIReadinessIndex2023.

EgyptisadvancingAIinitspolicyagendawithout

disregardingthecountry’schallengingeconomic

conditions.InadditiontoendorsingtheNationalAIStrategyin2021,Egyptadoptedastructuralreformprogramthatprioritizesprivatesectoractivity,

inclusivegrowth,bettergovernance,anddigital

transformation,echoingacommitmenttoitsVision2030andmacroeconomicstabilization.

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ArtificialIntelligence

intheMiddleEastandNorthAfrica

Introduction

Overthelastdecade,digitaltransformationhasgainedtractionintheagendasofgovernmentsworldwide.Thismomentumwasonlycatalyzed

followingtheCovid-19pandemicandsurfaced

technologieslikeArtificialIntelligence(AI)thatcarrieddisruptivepotentialfortheprivateandpublicsectorsalike.Today,digitaltransformationsitsatthecenter

stageforpolicymakers,withaformidablemandate

ofdesigningregulationsthatallowAItoyieldpositive

welfareeffectsfordevelopedanddevelopingeconomies.

ThepromiseofAI,definedastheabilityofcomputer

softwaretoperformactivitiesthatpreviouslynecessitatedhumancognition,isremarkable.

ProductivitygainsfromtheuseofgenerativeAI

tools,likeChatGPTandCopilot,couldyieldbetween$2.6trillionand$4.4trilliontotheglobaleconomy

everyyearaccordingtorecentestimates.1More

so,largeenterprisesareincreasinglyreceptiveto

automationtechnologies,as42%offirmsindevelopedanddevelopingeconomiesarealreadyadopting

AIintheirbusinessesand40%areconsideringandattemptingtodoso.2

MENAcountriesarenotsittingidleamidthis

transformationanduntappedpotential.TheregionisembracingAI,notonlybykeepingwithglobaltrends,butalsobyaligningitwithitsdomesticagendathatisanchoredineconomicdiversificationandsocietalprogress.Asof2023,nineMENAcountrieshave

alreadyratifiednationalAIstrategies,andtheregionasawholeispoisedtogenerate$320billioninAI

revenuesby2030.

AmongMENAcountries,Egyptismakingstridesin

advancingAIinitspolicyagendawithoutdisregardingthecountry’seconomicchallenges.Inadditionto

committingtoacorrectivemacroeconomicprogramwiththeInternationalMonetaryFund,EgyptendorsedfoundationalbuildingblocksforanAIpolicy,namelythenationalAIcouncil,thenationalAIstrategy,and

thecharterforresponsibleAI.Asitstands,thecountryhasthesecond-highestannualmarketgrowthrate

forAIintheMENA,trailingMorocco,standingat28%comparedtotheregion’saverageof25%.

Thisreportaddressesthreethemes.First,thereportunpackshowAIcanperformbusinessfunctionstogenerateeconomicvalue.Second,ithighlightsAI’sgrowthprospectsforMENAeconomiesandthe

region’sstepstowardintegratingAItechnologies.Andthird,thereportprovidesacasestudyon

Egyptandassessesthecountry’sprogressin

implementingitsNationalAIStrategyacrossitsfourpillars:government,developmentalsectors,humanresources,andinternationalactivities.

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AIandtheWorldofBusiness

Itisamatterofwhen,notwhether,businesseswillintegrateAIintotheirworkflows

ThecontributionofAItoenterprisesispervasivealongthebusinessvaluechain,spanningoperationsand

strategy.ThevaluethatAIbringstobusinessesincludesgeneratingcontent,enhancingefficiency,andanalyzinginsights,whichfreesupmentalspaceandtimeforbusinessleadersandemployeestoperformmorecreativeandproblem-solvingactivities.Simplyput,firmsadoptingAIbenefitfromacompoundingeffectofproductivitygains,ultimatelyendowingthemwithacompetitiveadvantagecomparedtofirmsthatareAI-averse.

ThissectionassessesfivebusinessfunctionsthatAIcanelevateforenterprisesacrossindustries.

1.AI-drivendecision-making

2.Automationusingmachinelearning

3.Productdevelopmentandcustomerexperience

4.Cybersecurity

5.Customerrelationshipmanagement(CRM)systems

:1.AI-drivendecision-making

Traditionally,businessdecisionsweremadebyleadersbasedonintuitionandhuman-

analyzeddata,aprocessinherentlyexposedtocognitivebiasesanddatalimitations.AI

hasthepotentialtoreducebothconstraintsbyprocessinglargedatasetsandmodelingscenarios.Byanalyzinghistoricaldata

quickly,AIcanunlockinsightsthatwouldhaveotherwisebeeninaccessiblefor

businesses,includingsmallones.

a.Fromdata-driventoAI-drivendecisionmaking:AIcanimproveworkflows,reducehumanerrors,andprovidebusinessleaderswithmorethroughputstomakedecisions.3

b.ByleveragingAIinstagesfromproduct

developmenttodigitalmarketing,businessescanimprovestrategydevelopment.

Example

AIRCanadaisharnessingAI-drivenpredictive

modeling,whichstreamlinesintricatesystemsbyremovingunnecessarydetailsandforecaststhe

consequencesofeventswithrapidresponsiveness,allowingforproactivemanagementofdisruptions.

AILabstoimproveforecastinganddecision-making.

Boeing787Dreamlinerwithitspredictive

maintenancesystem,whichassistsindoingregularlyscheduledchecksandpredictingmaintenanceofcomponents.4

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2.Automationusingmachinelearning.

Thebenefitsofmachinelearningcutacrossdifferentindustries,including:5

a.Retail:Machinelearningcanadvancethe

understandingofconsumerbehaviorandanalyzedeterminantsofconsumerpurchasinghabits,

markettrends,andpopularproductsthroughpriceoptimization,demandprediction,andcustomer

segmentation.

Example

b.Finance:Machinelearningcanbeintegratedintofinancialanalysistobetterpredictbusiness

expenses,performcostanalysis,andprocess

complextaskssuchasalgorithmictradingandfrauddetection.

c.Manufacturing:Machinelearningcanandunlockscalabilityandsavetimeduringthemanufacturingstagebyoptimizingthemanufacturingprocesstoidentifyandaddresspainpointspredictably.

Teslautilizesmachinelearningtooffloadsomeof

themonitoringandvulnerabilityassessmenttasksto

anautomatedalgorithm,whichisemployedinthe

developmentofself-drivingcars.Automatedalgorithmsanalyzesensordatatoenhancetheautomotiveindustry

throughAIchipsandAdvancedDriverAssistanceSystems(ADAS).

AIchips&Self-DrivingTechfortrainingmachinelearningmodels(Nvidia-Dojo)

•Helpingtrainmodelstorecognizeavarietyofitemsfromvideofeedscollected.

•Developingautonomousvehiclesoftware.6

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3.ProductDevelopment&CustomerExperience

AIhelpsengineersadoptasystematic

methodologyateachstageoftheproductdevelopmentandlaunchcycles,from

planninganddesigningtotestingandpromoting.7

a.ResourceManagement:UsingAI-poweredtoolstoestimatetheallocationofresourcesandestablishbudgetrequirements.

b.TranslatingStrategytoTasks:AIgathersproject

requirementsandconvertsuserstoriesinto

functionalrequirements,whichhelpsintheproductexecution

Example

Unilevercoordinatedartificialintelligenceasa

featureofproductenhancementattheorganization,withrobotsworkingcooperativelywith250Research

anddevelopmentspecialiststoautomatethedevelopmentofscience-backedproducts.

AI-powereddataanalysis

•Creatingperformance-boostingenzymesforuseinhomecareproducts.

•Helpingidentifyalternativeingredientsthatcanstrengthentheresilienceofthesupplychain.

•Makingformulationsmoresustainableandcost-efficient8

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4.Cybersecurity

Asabyproductofdigitaltransformation,

cyberattackshavebecomeagrowingthreat.ThedevelopmentofpracticalAItoolsand

algorithmsfordigitalsafety,suchassearchenginesandfacialrecognitionsoftware,isaprominentaspectofAI’sintegrationintocybersecurity.9

walmart*

Example

Walmartusessimulatedintelligencetofurtherdevelopitssecuritypostureandprotectitscustomersand

employeesfromcyberattacks.10

a.Duetodifferenthackers’tactics,threatscanbeoverwhelming.Tomitigatethis,companiesrelyonanAI-basedsecurityloganalysis,whichhelpsorganizationsidentifypotentialthreats.

b.AIincybersecuritygoesoverenormousvolumesofdatatofindpossiblerisksbyremovingbehaviorsthatdonotpresentahazard.

GenerativeAIsystems-GrinchBots.

•Findingpatternsandmakingsenseofthetrillionsofpiecesofdatageneratedeachyear.

•Blockinghundredsofmillionsofpotentialattacksannually.

•Allowinganalyststohuntforspecificfactorsthatmightindicatesuspiciouscyberactivity.

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5.CustomerRelationshipManagementSystems

BusinessesincorporateAIintotheirCRM

platformstoimprovecommunicationwith

clients,renderingitmorepersonalized

andpersuasive.Thereturnoninvestment

forintegratingAIinCRMisalsoalready

establishedforfirmsregardlessoftheirsize,estimatedat245%.11

Basedoncustomersegmentationand

spendinghabits,well-integratedAI-

Example

WiththerewardsprogramthatStarbuckslaunched,thecompanystartedusingacloud-basedAIenginetocustomizeexperiencesandenhancecustomeroverallexperiences.12

AIAnalytics

Helpingtobetterpredictwhatcustomersmaybeinthemoodforbyconsideringsuchfactorssuchasweather,location,anduserpreferences.

poweredCRMsystemsassistsbusinessesinexecutingsmartermarketingcampaigns,

whileAI’spredictiveanalyticsalsoimprovescompanies’directinteractionswith

customersviacustomerservice,ultimately

boostingclientretentionandcapitalizingonleads.

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AIinMENA

DigitaltransformationandAIsitcenterstagefortheMENAregion,yetprogresstowardsinclusionisprimarilyledbyGCCeconomies.

AfundamentalstepinunlockingthepotentialofAIandensuringitservesbusinessesandpeoplealike

istomakeitinclusive.13Inthisregard,theMENA

regionisnotahomogenousgroup.14RicheconomiesintheGCCwithamplefiscalcapacity,likeSaudi

ArabiaandQatar,haveinvestedinInformationand

CommunicationsTechnology(ICT)tomakeinternetuseandsubscriptionmoreaffordableandaccessibleto

differentdemographicgroups.Whilemiddleandlower-incomeMENAcountriesstillfacepersistentconstraintslikeundevelopedinfrastructure,largepopulationgroupsvulnerabletodigitalilliteracy,andoutdatedregulations.

Inparallel,AItechnologyisadvancinginMENA’slistof

priorities,withitsgrowthintheregion(45%)outpacing

theglobalaverage.15UnlikesomedevelopedeconomieswheretheAIagendaisdrivenbytheprivatesector,

intheMENAregiongovernmentsaredrivingthe

momentumtoadvanceanAIpolicythatisalignedwithbestpractices.AccordingtorecentglobalrankingsofgovernmentAIstrategies,SaudiArabiaranksfirstin

termsofmostcapableAIstrategy,aheadoftheUnitedStatesandChina,whileEgyptranks23rdandUAE24th,among62countries.16

ThissectionreviewsthelandscapeofAIadoptioninMENAcountriestoidentifythedevelopmentstatusofeachcountry’snationalAIstrategy,AI’sgrowth

prospects,andthesectorsintegratingAI.Morespecifically,thesectionisstructuredasfollows:

1.BenchmarkofAIstrategies

2.AI’smarketpotentialandeconomicvalue

3.ThesectorsadoptingAI

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BenchmarkofAIstrategies

ThepolicyenvironmentforAIinMENAismaturing,championingninenationalAIstrategiesintheregion.

AISTRATEGYRATIFIED

MENAcountrieswithanAIstrategy

SaudiArabia

UAE

Qatar

Bahrain

Jordan

Egypt

Tunisia

Algeria

Morocco

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SaudiArabia

NationalStrategyforData&AI17

•LaunchAIanddata-relatedinitiatives&events

•Implementnationalmulti-tierdata&AIworkforcecertificationprogram.

•Activateregulatoryframeworksfordata&AI

activities&incentiveschemestoattractdata&AIcompanies&talents.

•Buildtargetedfunds&investorsupportprogramstoattract&guidedomestic/foreigninvestmentsindata&AI.

UAE

Qatar

TheUAENationalStrategyforArtificialIntelligence203118

•BuildareputationasanAIdestination.

•IncreasetheUAE›scompetitiveassetsinprioritysectorsthroughthedeploymentofAI.

•DevelopafertileecosystemforAI.

•AdoptAIacrosscustomerservicestoimprovelivesandgovernment.

•AttractandtraintalentforfuturejobsenabledbyAI.

•Bringworld-leadingresearchcapabilitytoworkwithtargetindustries.BecomeatestbedforAI.

•Ensurestronggovernanceandeffectiveregulation.

Qatar’sNationalAIStrategy19

•Developingdatagovernancerulesandguidelinesthatfacilitatebroadaccessandsharingofdata.

•AimingforAItechnologytohaveanimpacton

thefutureofemploymentandoccupationsinthecomingyears.

•UsingAItotransformtheeconomicandbusinesslandscapeinQatar.

•MakingAIeducationanintegralpartofthe

curriculumatalleducationallevelsinalldisciplines.

•IncreasingpervasivenessofAIinQataripersonal

livesandwork,whichposesmanyethicalandpublicpolicyquestions.

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Bahrain

StrategyforArtificialIntelligenceinBahrain20

•BuildingastrongAIecosystemthatfosters

innovationthroughemergingtechnologiesacrossBahrainisociety.

•FosteringAI-driveninnovationthroughglobalpartnershipsandattractingglobaltalent.

•Embeddingnewandemergingtechnologieswithinthegovernment.

•EncouragingeconomicgrowthintheKingdomvialeveragingthepotentialoftheCloudandBigData.

Jordan

StrategyforAIandits2023-2027implementationplan21

•Acceleratethesocialandeconomicdevelopment

ofcitizensinkeyareassuchasHealth,Education,SocialProtection,EmploymentandWell-Being

•Createasupportiveandstimulatingenvironmentforestablishingartificialintelligencesystemsatthenationallevel.

•Develophumanskillsandraisetheefficiencyofeducationatalleducationallevels.

Egypt

NationalArtificialIntelligenceStrategy22

•Attainthecountry’ssustainabledevelopmentgoals.

•FacilitateregionalcooperationwithintheAfricanandArabregions.

•EstablishEgyptasanactiveinternationalplayerinAI.

Tunisia

NationalArtificialIntelligenceStrategy23

•PositionTunisiaasaregionalhubforAIresearchandinnovation

•Focusonseveralareas,includingresearchanddevelopment,andtalentdevelopment.

•PromoteAIstartupsandentrepreneurship.

Algeria

Nationalstrategyonresearchandinnovationinartificialintelligence24

•ImproveAlgerians’skillsinAIthrougheducation,training,andresearch.

•ExploitthepotentialofAIasadevelopmenttoolinkeysocio-economicsectors(e.g.,education,health,transport,energy).

Morrocco

Morrocco’sNationalAIstrategy25

•PromoteexcellenceinAIeducationandresearch.

•Partnerwithuniversitiesandindustrytodriveinnovation.

•BuildAI-enabledsolutionsandupholdtheguiding

principlesofdiversityandinclusion,stewardshipandintegrity,creativity,andinnovation.

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AIMarketPotentialandEconomicValue

TheMENAregionisprovingfertileforAI,representing$320billionofAIrevenuesby2030andgrowingatanannualrateof45%.

353O25

2

15

5

ProjectedAIAnnualAverageMarket

GrowthRatefrom2023to203026

3O

28

28

26

GlobalAvg.25%

24

23

Egyptisprojectedtogrowatanannualaverageof28%from2023to2030,onparwithregionalplayers.Thisisalsohigherthantheprojectedglobalaverageof25%.

16%14%12%IO% 8% 6% 2%O%

ProjectedAI

ContributiontotheEconomyby2030

(%ofGDP)27

16%

15.2%

13.6%

12%

12.5%

IO.2%o%

8.2%

7.7%

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MENA'scontributiontooverallAIrevenueby2030

USD320BOfwhich:

42%30%13.3%

SaudiArabiaisexpectedtobenefitfrom

42%oftheUSD320BAIcontributionintheMiddleEastby2030

=12.5%ofGDP

ThisisalmostequivalenttothecontributionofthemanufacturingindustrytoSaudi’sGDP.

TheUAEisexpectedtobenefitfrom

30%oftheUSD320BAIcontributionintheMiddleEastby2030

=13.6%ofGDP

Thisisalmostequivalenttothecontributionofthewholesale&retailtradeindustrytoUAE’sGDP.

Egyptisexpectedtobenefitfrom

13.3%oftheUSD320BAIcontributionintheMiddle

Eastby2030

=7.7%ofGDP

Thisisalmostequivalenttothecontributionoftheextractionindustryto

Egypt’sGDP.

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Sectors

AdoptingAI

SaudiArabia

.

Finance&Banking

•SaudiCentralBankisutilizingAIintoreducingfraudulenttransactionsby70%.28

Manufacturing

Energy

•SaudiAramcohasbeencuttingthecostofwelldrillingby15%byusingAIinitsoperations.29

•SABICisutilizingAItoenhanceproduction.30

•TheSaudiMinistryofIndustryand

MineralResourceshasinauguratedthe

AICenterforManufacturingandMining,

inpartnershipwithSDAIA,toleveragedataandAI,aimingtotransformtheKingdom

Transportandlogistics

•AramexisutilizingAIandrobotstoenhancethe

intoagloballogisticshubandboostindustrialgrowthandlocalcontent.34

qualityofdeliveryandshippinginSuadiArabia.3132

RetailandECommerce

•PandaRetailCompanyhasutilizedartificial

intelligencetoassistindeterminingthepricing

strategyforitsextensiverangeofproductsavailableinnearly200hypermarketsandsupermarkets.33

Governmentand

publicservices

•AIhasbeenalsointegratedwithhealthservices

throughgovernmentalplatformslikeSaudiHealthInformationExchange.35

L_Education

•SaudiArabiahasusedAItoolsandapplicationstosupportremoteteachingandlearning.36

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Sectors

AdoptingAI

UAE

●

Finance&Banking

•EmiratesIslamicBank,EmiratesNBDandFirstAbuDhabiBankareleadingprovidersofdigitalbankingservicesbyadoptingmoreinnovativeapplicationsofAI.37

Manufacturing

Energy

•DubaiElectricityandWaterAuthority

startedusing‘iService’,todetectservice

interruptionsandinitiaterectification

proceduresautomatically,andenhance

•AIQ,ajointventurecompanybetweenADNOC

andGroup42,aimstodevelopandcommercializeAIproductsandapplicationsfortheoilandgas

industry.38

Transportandlogistics

theefficiencyofoperationsinDubai’swaternetwork.41

•UAE’sAutonomousTransportationStrategyaimstotransform25%ofthetransportationinDubaitoautonomousmodeby2030,usingAI.39

RetailandECommerce

•CarrefourDubaiopenedthefirstautomatedsupermarketpoweredbyartificialintelligencetechnologywithoutcashiers.40

Governmentand

publicservices

•DubaiPaperlessStrategyactsasoneofthe

promisinginitiativeswhichaimtoeliminate

paperworkbyadoptingAI-poweredsolutionsfordigitaltransactionsanddocumentverification.42

Education

•MohamedbinZayedUniversityofArtificial

Intelligence,theworld’sfirstAIuniversity,inAbuDhabiin2019,offersgraduate-levelprogrammesinAIandaimstocreateworldleadersinAIby

fosteringresearchandinnovation.43

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Sectors

AdoptingAI

Qatar

.

Finance&Banking

•CommercialBankofQatarutilizesAItoimprovecustomerrelations,frauddetection,andrisk

management.44

Manufacturing

Energy

•Qatargeneralelectricityandwater

corporationlaunchedaplatformthatis

backedbyAItechnologytoenhancethe

professionalityofoperationsandcustomerexperience.48

•QatarGashaspartneredwithengineersatTexasA&MUniversity’scampusinQatartousemachinelearningtodetectundergroundleaksofcarbon

dioxideandothergassesandfluidsrelatedtooilandgasproduction.45

Transportandlogistics

•TheQatarMobilityInnovationsCenterworkswiththegovernmentinQatartodevelopsmartmobilitysolutionsusingtechnologiessuchasAI.46

RetailandECommerce

•LuluHypermarket,inoneofitsQataribranches,hasbeenusingAItoimproveitsinventorymanagement,pricing,andcustomerservice.47

Governmentand

publicservices

•Qatar’sMinistryofCommunications&Information

TechnologyhascollaboratedwithMicrosofttobetteraddressAIindevelopingadvancedapplicationsviaMicrosoftAzure.49

L_Education

•Qatar’sMinistryofEducation&HigherEducation

hasembarkedonaninitiativetodeveloparobustAIstrategy,inasignificantmovetowardsintegratingAIintotheeducationalsector.50

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Sectors

AdoptingAI

Bahrain

●

Finance&Banking

•BankABCinitiatedanambitiousdigital

transformationinitiativeaimedatenhancing

customerexperience,resultinginthecreationof

«Fatema»-thefirstemotionallyintelligentAI-

drivendigitalhumanassistantintheMENAregion.51

Manufacturing

Energy

•AluminiumBahrain(Alba)isusingAI

&machinelearningalgorithmstodrivesustainabilityandoptimizetheirpowerplants’performance.54

•TatweerPetroleumdevelopedtheinitialcloud-

basedbigdataplatformbygatheringinformationfromvariousIoTplatformsandutilizingthemin

machinelearningtoproducemaintenancereports

thatforecastissuesinadvance.Additionally,

TatweerPetroleumutilizesAItechnologytoidentifycrudeoilemulsions.52

Transportandlogistics

•TheBahrainAirpor