2016-2017学年高一英语下册章节综合练习12

Unit5B卷能力提升检测卷(建议用时：65分钟)Ⅰ.阅读理解AItiswellsaidthatstrengthandcouragearen’talwaysmeasuredinmedalsandvictories.Theyarealsomeasuredinthestrugglesweovercome.Thestrongestpeoplearen’talwaysthepeoplewhowinbutthepeoplewhodon’tgiveupwhentheylose.It’sbeensaidthatAndrewJackson’sboyhoodfriendsjustcouldn’tunderstandhowhebecameafamousgeneralandthenthePresidentoftheUnitedStates.Theyknewofotherswhohadgreatertalentbutwhoneversucceeded.OneofJackson’sfriendscommented,“Why,JimBrown,wholivedrightdownthepike(山峰)fromJackson,wasnotonlysmarter,buthecouldthrowAndythreetimesoutoffourinawrestlingmatch.ButlookwhereAndyisnow.”Anotherfriendresponded,“Howdidtherehappentobeafourthtime?Don’ttheyusuallysaythreetimesandout？”“Sure,theyweresupposedto,butnotAndy.Hewouldneveradmithewasbeat—hewouldneverstay‘thrown’.JimBrownwouldgettired,andonthefourthtryAndywouldthrowhimandbethewinner.”AndrewJacksonjustwouldn’tstay“thrown”！Andthatdeterminationservedhimwellformanyyears.Lifewillknockusoffourfeetagainandagain.Butsomepeoplejustwon’tstay“thrown”.Theygetupagain,dustthemselvesoffandgoforitonemoretime.Thesearepeopleofcourage.Theyarealsopeopleoffaithandhope.Maybeyouhavebeenknockedoffyourfeet.Willyoustay“thrown”orwillyouriseandgiveityourbestonemoretime?1．Whichofthefollowingisnotusedtomeasurestrengthandcourage?A．Struggles. B．Medals.C．Victories. D．Power.2．Accordingtothepassage,whatwasitthatmadeJacksonsuccessful?A．Beingindependent.B．Beingintelligent.C．Beingdetermined.D．Beingconfident.3．Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A．HowYouBecomeaGreatManB．WhyYouBehaveDifferentlyC．WhetherYouHaveGoodMemoryD．WhenYou’veBeen“Thrown”4．Fromthelastparagraph,wecaninferthat________．A．allgoodthingswillcometoanendB．weshouldneverlosehopeforfutureC．weallexperiencedifferentsufferingsD．becarefulandkeepawayfromtroubleBOperatingthelargestprivatefoundation(私人基金会)inhistory，BillandMelindaGatesmakedecisionsthatinfluencemillionsoflives.Buttheydealwithproblemsverydifferently.Forexample，theyagreedthattoomanychildrendieneedlesslyfromdiarrhoea(腹泻)．Butwhenitcametohowtopreventit，theiropinionsweredifferent.Whileherhusbandreadalotaboutvaccines(疫苗)，MelindaGateshadbeentravellingandvisitedareaswherepoorpeopleliveinIndia.Whenshereturned，shesaid，“Idon’tknowwhatitis，butthere’ssomethingincleanwaterandsanitation(公共卫生)．”AndBillsaid，“OK，Melinda，Idon’tevenhavetimetoreadinthatspace.Tellmewhatyouknow.”Thatconversationledtoanewfocusonwaterandsanitation.Since2006，theyhavegivenmorethan$200milliontowardthoseefforts.Thefoundation’sworkisalwaysapartofherfamily’slife，evenonholiday.Thisyear，overthespringbreak，theytooktheirthreechildrentotheAmazoninBrazil.There，shespokeabouttheadvantagesofaservicetoallowpeopletosendmoneybymobilephones，afterseeingthesuccessofsuchaprograminKenya.Melindabelievedit’sawaytohelpherchildren“knowwhatgoesonintheirbackyard，sotheyunderstandwhatit’slikeforkidswhodon’thaveenoughmoneytodowhattheydo.”Whenaskedwhatmadeherandherhusbandestablishafoundationtohelpothers，shepointedtoherfamilybackground.Bothsheandherhusbandcamefromfamilieswhoencouragedsocialservices.MelindahasanMBAanddegreesincomputerscienceandbusinessfromDukeUniversity.ShemetBillGatesshortlyaftergoingtoworkatMicrosoft.Bythetimetheymarriedin1994，shehadalreadypersuadedhimtobecomeactiveinphilanthropy(慈善事业)．“Wetalkedabouthowthiswealthwillgobacktosocietybeforewegotmarried，”shesaid.“Thatseemsliketherightthingtodoifyou’rearichperson.”5．Atthebeginning，BillGateswantedtodealwithdiarrhoeaby________．A．providingcleanwaterB．developingvaccinesC．offeringcleanfoodD．improvingsanitation6．WecaninferMelindaGatesbroughtherchildrentoBrazilthisyearbecause________．A．shewantedherchildrentohelpsickkidsinBrazilB．herchildrenwantedtoenjoythespringbreakabroadC．shewantedherchildrentovaluewhattheyhaveD．herchildrenhadn’tvisitedBrazilbefore7．WelearnfromthetextthatBillandMelindaGates________．A．havefourchildrenB．gotmarriedin1994C．firstmetinDukeUniversityD．havedifferentfamilybackgrounds8．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．ARichFamilyThatIsAlwaysReadytoHelpOthersB．HowRichPeopleInfluenceOthers’LivesC．ChildreninPoorAreasNeedaHandD．TheLargestPrivateFoundationCWhilesomekidsdon’talwayslikewhatmomordadiscookingfordinner，theydon’thavetoworryaboutwheretofindtheirnextmeal.ElizabethMurraygrewupwithdrug­addictedparentsandoftendidn’thavewarmclothesorfood.“Itwouldbecommonformetogointomykitchenandseemyparentsshootingdrugsintotheirveins(血管)，”Elizabethsaid.WhenElizabethwas10，shefoundouthermotherhadAIDS.Afewyearslater，whilemostteenagegirlswereworryingaboutwhattowear，Elizabethwaslookingafterhermom.Hermomdiedattheageof41in1996.At15，Elizabethwashomeless.Hermomwasgoneandherdadwasonthestreet.Afterhermom’sdeath，sheknewthingshadtochangeandsheknewitwasuptoherself.“IconnectedthelifestylesthatIhadseeneverydaywithhowmymotherended.AndiftherewasanythingIcoulddoaboutitthatwouldnothappentome.SoIwentbacktoschool.Butmindyou，Iwashomeless，”Elizabethexplained.Herhighschooldidn’tknowElizabethwashomeless.Shetookanextraloadofwork，studiedonthestairsandmadeexcellentgrades.WhenshereadaboutascholarshipofferedbyTheNewYorkTimes，shequicklyappliedandwon.Shewouldreceive$12，000foreveryyearatcollege.ElizabethwasdeterminedtogotoHarvardandtheuniversitydidn’tturnherdown.RightnowElizabethliveswithherlittlesisterinNewYorkwhileshewaitstobecomeafull­timestudent.She’sworkingatTheNewYorkTimesrightnowandtheyofferedherworkforthesummer.ElizabethhasgonefromhomelesstoHarvard.9．Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．TheTerribleLifeofanAIDSOrphanB．AIDSTookHerMother’sLifeC．FromtheStreetstoSuccessD．Elizabeth’sDream10．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutElizabeth’sparents?A．TheybothdiedofAIDS.B．Theywerebothaddictedtodrugs.C．Theyusedtoliveonthestreetswiththeirchildren.D．Onlythefatherhadtheabilitytosupportthechildren.11．WecanlearnfromthelastparagraphthatElizabeth________．A．wasturneddownbytheuniversityB．stilllivedonthestreetwithherfatherandsisterC．willgotoHarvardasafull­timestudentD．hasgotajobafterhergraduationfromuniversityDAnniseParker，themayoroftheTexascity，saidthatfourHoustonfirefightersdiedafterahotelwallfelldownwhiletheyweretryingtoputoutabigfireonFriday.“TodayisgoingtobetheworstdayinthehistoryoftheHoustonFireDepartment，”addedMayorAnniseParker.ThefirefighterskilledareMatthewRenaud，35，whojoinedthefiredepartmentinOctober2001；41­year­oldRobertBebee，whostartedinAugust2001；29­year­oldRobertGarner，partofthedepartmentsinceOctober2010；andAnneSullivan，a24­year­oldwhograduatedfromtheHoustonFireDepartmentAcademyinApril.“Thirteenotherfirefightersarebeingtreatedatlocalhospitals，”saidfireCaptainRuyLozanoGarrison.Lozanosaidthefive­alarmfirestartedatarestaurantnexttotheSouthwestInn，inthesouthwestpartofthecityandmorethan150firefightersrespondedtothestrongfire.Someofthemwentinthebuildingbecausetheythoughtthereweresomeciviliansinit.“Unfortunately，thebuildinghadmuchmorefireinitthanwehadthought，”headded.“Thebuildingfelldownandourmemberswhoweretryingtosavelivesweretrapped.”Fellowfirefightersquicklytookaction，somediggingthroughtherubble(碎石)togettotheirworkmates.Garrisonsaidthenumberofthedeathcouldhavebeenmuchhigherifnotfortheirbraveryandquickaction.“Thereweredozensofactsofcouragethattookplaceinthesecondswhenthatwallcamein，”hesaid.Authoritieshaven’tgiventhecauseofthefire.Stateandfederalofficialswillbegintheirinvestigation(调查)onSaturday.Beyondgettingoverthelossemotionally，thefirechiefpromisedthathisdepartment—thethirdlargestoneinthecountry—wouldlearnfromwhathadhappened.“Wewillimprove，wewillgetbetter，wewilllearnfromthis，”hesaid，“andwewillkeepon.”12．Someofthefirefighterswentintotherestaurantbecause________．A．theywantedtohaveabigmealB．theirchiefLozanoorderedthemtodosoC．theyheardsomeonecallingforhelpD．theythoughttherewerepeopleinside13．WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?A．Nootherfirefighterwasinjuredduringthefire.B．Thefirebrokeoutatalocalhospital.C．Thecauseofthefirewasnotknownyet.D．TheHoustonFireDepartmentwasthethirdlargestoneintheworld.14．Wecaninferthatpartofthereasonofthetragedywasthat________．A．thereweretoomanypeopleinthebuildingB．thefirefightersdidn’texpectthefiretobesobigC．fellowfirefighterstooknoactionafterthewallfelldownD．onlyasmallnumberoffirefightersweresenttoputoutthefire15．Whichoneisthebesttitleforthispassage?A．BraveFirefightersSenttoFightAgainstHoustonFireB．FourFirefightersKilledDuringHoustonFireC．MayorShowingConcernforHoustonFireD．ABigLessonLearnedFromHoustonFireⅡ.完形填空Iranintoastrangerashepassedby.“I’msosorry”wasmyreply.Thenhesaid,“Excusemetoo.Iwasn’t__1__watchingforyou.”Wewereverypolite,thisstrangerandI.Thenwewent__2__ourwayaftersayinggoodbye.Butat__3__，adifferentstoryistoldabouthowwetreatourlovedones,youngandold.Laterinthekitchen,asI__4__themeal,mydaughterwalkedtome,verystill.WhenIturned,I__5__knockedherdown.“Getoutoftheway！”Ishoutedwithafrown(皱眉).Shewalkedawaysilently,withherlittleheart__6__.Ididn’trealizehowrudelyIhadspoken.Thatnight,whenIlay__7__inbed,God’squietvoicespoketome,“While__8__withastranger,youarecalmandpolite,butwiththoseyoulove,youarequicktoexcite.Gotolookaroundonthekitchenfloor,you’llfindsomeflowerstherebythe__9__.Thosearetheflowersshebroughtforyou.She__10__themherself—pink,yellow,andyourfavoriteblue.Shewalkedawayquietlyandyouneversawthe__11__inhereyes.”Bythistime,Ifeltsadandsmallandnowmyowntearsbegantofall.Iquietlywentandknelt(跪)byher__12__“Wakeup,mydear，”Isaid.“Arethesetheflowersyoupickedupforme？”Shesmiled,“Ifoundthemoutbythetree,I__13__theminanapkin(餐巾),justforyou.Iknewyou’dlikethem,especiallythe__14__．”Isaid,“IamsosorrythatImissedthemtoday.AndI__15__haveshoutedatyouthatway.”Andshewhispered,“Mommy,that’sOK...Istillloveyou__16__.”Ihuggedherandsaid,“Iloveyoutoo,andIlovetheflowers.”Youshouldknowthat:ifyoudietomorrow,the__17__youareworkingforcouldeasilyreplaceyouinamatterofdays.Butthefamilyyouleave__18__willfeelthelossfortherestoftheirlives.Andcometothinkofit,wepourourselvesmoreintoour__19__thanintoourfamilies—anunwiseinvestment(投资)indeed.Rememberthat__20__＝(F)ATHER＋(A)ND＋(M)OTHER＋(I)＋(L)OVE＋(Y)OU.1.A.ever B．evenC．just D．right2.A.to B．inC．on D．for3.A.school B．workC．home D．office4.A.cooked B．hadC．ate D．took5.A.already B．hardlyC．rudely D．nearly6.A.lost B．missedC．beaten D．broken7.A.asleep B．awakeC．afraid D．alive8.A.dealing B．meetingC．going D．talking9.A.floor B．kitchenC．room D．door10.A.grew B．boughtC．picked D．fetched11.A.tears B．expressionsC．smiles D．joy12.A.desk B．bedC．body D．knees13.A.packed B．coveredC．put D．helped14.A.pink B．yellowC．blue D．black15.A.needn’t B．shouldn’tC．mustn’t D．can’t16.A.indeed B．besidesC．anything D．anyway17.A.company B．countryC．place D．state18.A.for B．withC．behind D．to19.A.books B．lossC．meal D．work20.A.RESPECT B．WARMTHC．FAMILY D．FRIENDⅢ.语法填空Whilethousandsofcollegestudentsheadedforwarmclimatestoenjoysunandfunduringtheirweekofffromclasses，sevenlocalstudentshadotherplans.TheNorthernEssexCommunityCollege(NECC)studentsandoneoftheirteachersspentpartoftheirspringbreakinNewYorkCity，helpingrepairanarea1.____________(destroy)bythehurricane.“Iwantedtoseefor2.____________(me)whathappened，”saidTerry.“Icouldn’timaginewhatitisliketoloseyourhomeandeverythingthatyouknowandthe3.____________(power)effectthehurricanehadonthosepeople.Iwantedtodosomethingtounderstandtheirfeelingofhelplessness.”ThegroupheadedintoBrooklyn’sRedHookdistrict，which4.____________(hit)hardbythehurricane.Theretheymetpeoplefromotherpartsofthecountry，whohadalsovolunteeredtohelp.Together，thosevolunteersandtheNECCstudents5.____________(work)toclearrubbishoutofathree­storybuilding.Theyputonprotectivesuitsandgloveseq\a\vs4\al(6.)theyenteredthebuilding.Insidethebuilding，thestudentssawnothingbutbrokenwallsanddoorsandpiecesofthebuilding7.____________(lie)allovertheplace.Thestudentsreturnedtoschoolwith8.____________senseofachievement，afeelingthattheyhelpedpeopleinneed.9.____________wasremarkablehowacommunitylostsomuchandwasstillabletorecover，andthisleftthedeepest10.____________(impress)onthestudents.Ⅳ.短文改错DearPenny，I’msorrytotellyouthatIcan’tgotovisitthezoowithyouthatweekend.I’veabadcoughandfeltveryuncomfortablythesedays.ThedoctorsuggeststhatImuststayinbedtillthisweekend.I’mworryaboutourmeeting.Thus,ifIgoout,thecoughwillgetbad.Canwechangeyourplanandmeetonnextweekend?I’msureIwillbebetterthenandwecanpayavisittothezootogether.I’mrealsorryforthis.Iwishwecouldhaveagoodtimenextweekend.I’mlookingforwardtoyourreply.Yours，LiHua参考答案与解析Ⅰ.阅读理解[导学号37240059]【语篇解读】安德鲁·杰克逊(美国第七任总统)性格倔强，从不轻易服输，这种执着和坚持让他成就了一番伟大的事业。1．【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第一段的前两句可知，A、B、C项均可用来衡量一个人的力气和勇气。D项未提及，故选D项。2．【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Andthatdeterminationservedhimwellformanyyears.”可知，这些年是他的意志力一直陪伴着他并使他取得了成功，C项正确。3．【解析】选D。标题判断题。本文主要通过JimBrown与Andy摔跤的例子表明，在一个人多次失败的时候，只有意志坚定、顽强拼搏才会取得最后的胜利，所以D项最能概括文章大意，适合作文章的标题。4．【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的“Lifewillknockusoffourfeetagainandagain”可知，我们会被生活一次次地击倒，也就是说我们要经历很多磨难，所以选项C符合题意。[导学号37240060]【语篇解读】本文是记叙文。盖茨夫妇创办了有史以来最大的私人基金会帮助他人。5．【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第二段的theyagreedthattoomanychildrendieneedlesslyfromdiarrhoea(腹泻)．..Whileherhusbandreadalotaboutvaccines(疫苗)可推测，盖茨企图通过研发疫苗来对抗腹泻。6．【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据倒数第四段的Melindabelievedit’sawaytohelpherchildren“knowwhatgoesonintheirbackyard，sotheyunderstandwhatit’slikeforkidswhodon’thaveenoughmoneytodowhattheydo.”可知，梅琳达认为让她的孩子看看经济匮乏的孩子的生活可以让他们更加珍惜自己所拥有的。7．【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的Bythetimetheymarriedin1994可知B项正确。8．【解析】选A。标题概括题。通读全文，尤其是第一段和最后一段可知，盖茨夫妇创办了有史以来最大的私人基金会帮助他人，因为他们认为这是富人应该做的。故A项最能体现本文主旨。[导学号37240061]【语篇解读】本文主要叙述了ElizabethMurray的奋斗经历。9．【解析】选C。标题判断题。因为母亲死于艾滋病，伊丽莎白流落街头，但凭着自己坚强的意志，她最终被哈佛大学录取，因此C项为最佳标题。10．【解析】选B。细节理解题。从文章第一段的第二句可知，伊丽莎白的父母都吸毒。11．【解析】选C。细节理解题。从文章最后一段中的“whileshewaitstobecomeafull－timestudent”和“ElizabethhasgonefromhomelesstoHarvard.”可知C项正确。[导学号37240062]【语篇解读】休斯顿的一场大火夺去了四位消防员的生命，还有众多消防员受伤，这一天对于休斯顿消防部门来说是最悲催的一天。12．【解析】选D。细节理解题。由第三段Someofthemwentinthebuildingbecausetheythoughtthereweresomeciviliansinit.可知答案为D。13．【解析】选C。细节理解题。由倒数第二段Authoritieshaven’tgiventhecauseofthefire.可知答案为C。14．【解析】选B。推理判断题。由第三段的．..thebuildinghadmuchmorefireinitthanwehadthought.可知悲剧上演的部分原因是他们刚开始低估了这场火灾。15．【解析】选B。主旨大意题。文章大意通过首段即可得到。下面段落具体描述这场悲剧。Ⅱ.完形填空[导学号37240063]【语篇解读】生活中我们对陌生人彬彬有礼，却往往对家人的爱视而不见。1．【解析】选B。根据语境，路人的回答应为“我也很抱歉，我甚至都没留意到你”。even“甚至”。2．【解析】选C。告别后，我们继续赶路。goon表示“继续”。3．【解析】选C。但是在家里就不一样了。根据上下文的对比，可知应该是描述家里发生的事情。4．【解析】选A。后来在厨房里，当“我”在做饭时“我”女儿走近“我”，一点动静都没有。根据语境分析，应该选择cooked。5．【解析】选D。“我”转身的时候，差点把她撞倒。nearly“差不多，几乎”。6．【解析】选D。她静静地走开了，心都碎了。broken“破碎的”。7．【解析】选B。那天晚上，“我”躺在床上，睡不着。awake“醒着的”。8．【解析】选A。当应对一个陌生人的时候，你冷静而有礼貌，但对那些你爱的人，却容易激动。dealwith“应付，对付”。9．【解析】选D。去厨房的地板上看看，你会发现门口有一些花。根据语境可推知，door符合语境。10．【解析】选C。结合下文“Arethesetheflowersyoupickedupforme”可知，pick“摘”，符合语境。11．【解析】选A。她静静地走开，你却从来没注意到她眼里的泪水(tears)。下文中的“nowmyowntears”也是提示。12．【解析】选B。“我”轻轻地走过去，跪在她的床边(bed)。13．【解析】选A。pack“包装”。“我”在树旁边发现的，就用纸巾包了起来，专门送给你的。14．【解析】选C。第三段中的“andyourfavoriteblue”是提示，故C项正确。15．【解析】选B。“我”很抱歉“我”今天错过了它们，而且“我”不应该那样对你大吼大叫的。shouldn’t“不应该”。16．【解析】选D。妈妈，没关系，无论如何“我”仍然爱你。anyway“无论如何，不管怎样”。17．【解析】选A。如果你明天死去，你工作的公司只不过几天之内就会轻易(找人)取代你。company“公司”。18．【解析】选C。但你留下的家人在余生都会感觉到这种损失。leavebehind“留下”。19．【解析】选D。我们更多地把自己投入