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阅读下列短文,从给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。(2013·南昌市二模,D)Parentssaythathonestyisthebestpolicy,buttheyregularlylietotheirchildrenasawayofinfluencingtheirbehaviorandemotions,findsnewresearchfromtheUniversityofTorontoandtheUniversityofSurprisinglylittlehasbeenpublishedonthesubjectofparentallying,soGailHeyman,professorofpsychologyattheUniversityofCalifornia,DiemLuu,aformerstudentoftheUniversityofInoneofthestudies,manyparentsreportedtheytoldtheiryoungchildrenthatbadthingswouldhappeniftheydidn'tgotobedoreatwhattheyweresupposedto.Otherparentsreportedinventingmagicalcreatures.Oneexplained,“Wetoldourdaughterthatifshewrappedupallherpacifiers(橡皮奶嘴)likegifts,thefairwouldcomeandgivethemtothechildrenwhoneededthem.”Intheotherstudy,theresearcherssurveyedcollegestudents'recollectionsabouttheirparents'lyingandobtainedsimilarresults:parentsoftenlietotheirchildrenevenastheytellthemthatlyingisunacceptable.Theresearchersrefertothispracticeas“parentingbylying”.“Wearesurprisedbyhowoftenparentingbylyingtakesplace,”saidLEE.ThoughHeymanthinksthatthereareoccasionswhenitisappropriatetobelessthantruthfulwithachild,sheurgesparentstothinkthroughtheissuesandconsideralternativesbeforeusinglies.“Childrensometimesbehaveinwaysthataredisruptiveorarelikelytoharmtheirlongterminterests,”saidHeyman.“Itiscommonforthemtotryoutarangeofstrategies,includinglying,tostopthem.However,parentsshouldbeconcernedaboutthepossiblelongtermnegativeconsequencestochildren'sbeliefsabouthonesty.”文章大意:本文是一篇说明文。父母常教育孩子要诚实,但他们自己有时却对孩子撒谎。研究人员就此现象进行了调研,并且提出家长应该考虑到对孩子经常说谎可能会造成的长期的负面影响的结论,并建议家长考虑一些其他的教育方法。1.Thesubjectofparentallying________.A.wasnotallowedtoberesearchedinthepastB.attractslittleattentionbecauseitiscommonC.hasn'tgotmanypublishedresultsaboutitD.isbecomingmoreandmorepopular答案:C细节理解题。根据第二段第一句中“Surprisinglylittlehasbeenpublishedonthesubjectofparentallying”可知,对于父母撒谎的行为很少有报道。故C项正确。2.ThestudyofGaiHeyman,DiemLuuandKangLeewasfocusedonparents'liesthat________.A.aimtocovertheirmistakesB.leadchildrentohatethemC.aimtogivechildrenapositiveinfluenceD.makechildrengetusedtolying答案:C细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句中“TheyaskedUSparticipantsintworelatedstudiesabout...forthepurposeofpromotingappropriatebehaviorortomakethemhappy.”可知,父母说谎的原因本是想给孩子带来积极的影响。故C项正确。3.WhatdoesHeymanthinkofparentallying?A.Itisagreatparentingstrategy.B.Parentsshouldthinktwicebeforeusingit.C.Itusuallydoesmoregoodthanharm.D.Parentsshoulddosomethingtomakeupforitafterusingit.答案:B细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“ThoughHeymanthinksthatthereareoccasionswhenitisappropriatetobelessthantruthfulwithachild,sheurgesparentstothinkthroughtheissuesandconsideralternativesbeforeusinglies.”可知,Heyman认为父母应该想清楚对孩子撒谎的问题,在撒谎之前要考虑再三。故B项正确。4.Parentsusually________whentheiryoungchildrendon'tgotobedproperly.A.turnoffthebedroomlightsandplaysomemusicB.shoutatthemloudlyC.shutthedoorandletthemaloneD.makeupsomemagicalcreaturestoletthembelieve答案:D细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“Otherparentsreportedinventingmagicalcreatures”可知,D项正确。5.Inwhichpartofanewspaperwouldyoumostprobablyfindthepassage?A.Business.B.Education.C.Technology.D.Fashion.答案:B推理判断题。文章主要讨论了父母在教育孩子时,是否应该撒谎的问题。故最有可能在报纸上的教育一栏出现。故B项正确。阅读下列四篇短文,从每小题后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。【2014训练】Thereoncewasaverywealthymanwhohadmadegreatachievement.Hehadmoremoneythanhecouldeverspend,andhewasadmiredandlookeduptobyhisneighbors.Still,heknewthatsomethingwasmissinginhislife.Hewasn'thappy.Allhislifehehadbeenstriving(奋斗)forhappiness,buthehadneverbeenabletofindit.Thenoneday,heheardaboutahiddentempleinNepalthathadaspecialroomthatcontainedthesecretofhappiness.Heimmediatelysoldallthatheownedandsetouttofindthishiddentemple.Aftermanyyearsofsearchingandcountlesshardshipshearrivedthere.Hewastiredandpenniless,butheknewthatnoneofthatwasimportantnowbecausehehadfoundthetemple.Heaskedawise,smilingmonk(僧侣)ifhecouldenterthespecialroom.Themonkagreedandshowedhimthestairsleadingtotheroom.Heclimbedthemwithlegsshakingwithexpectationandslowlyopenedthedoor.Hestaredintotheroomwithsunlightstreamingthroughthewindowandsawwhathehadcomesofartofind.Therehangingonthewallwasthesecretofhappiness.Themangazedathimselfinthemirrorandlaughed.Itistimethatweallrealizedthatwewerethesecretofourownhappiness.Happinessisachoicethatwecanmake.Don'tspendtherestofyourlifesearchingtheworldforhappinessthen.Justlookinthemirrorandlaugh.Justletthehappinessflowfromyourheart,mind,andsouluntilitfillsyourlifeandthelivesofallthosearoundyou.46.Accordingtothetext,theman.A.wasnothappybecauseofhiswealthandsuccessB.wasn'tpopularwithpeopleofhisneighborsC.wouldregretforwhathehaddoneD.foundthesecretofhappinessatlast47.Whatcanweinferfromthetext?A.Gettingwealthmeanslosinghappiness.B.Thereshouldbeawisemonkinthetemple.C.ItwasdifficulttofindthetempleinNepal.D.Peoplecanlearnwhathappinessisfromthemirror.48.Whichofthefollowingstatementsisnottree?A.Onthewaytoseekinghappiness,themanspentallhismoneyB.Happinessisachoicethatdependsonourselves.C.Withalotofmoney,themanlivedahappylife.D.Themanwasveryhappywhenhefoundthesecretofhappiness49.Thepurposeoftheauthor'swritingthetextisto.A.showtherelationshipbetweenwealthandhappinessB.telluswhatistherealsecretofhappinessC.tellthestoryaboutawealthymanD.introducetheprocessofaman'sfindinghishappiness【参考答案】46-49DCCB 【2014训练】阅读理解Ajobismorethanajob,especiallytotheold.“It’snotthemoneythatmatters,butthesenseofself-worth.”56-year-oldCbengWonlansaid.So,everydayMsChengcarriesabagofparcels,lettersanddocumentsanddoesherroundsinNorthPoint.She’sacourier(快递员)Fiveyearsago.MsChengwasanurseataprivateclinic.Shehadworkedtherefor30yearsbutwasJoblesswhenthedoctormigrated.Itwasdifficultforhertofindanotherjobasanurse.“PeopledonottrustmyabilitywhentheylearnhowoldIam,”shesaid.Aftertwoyearsofsearching,sheeventuallyfoundanothernursingjob.Butthenaftertwoyears,shequitWhy?‘Mycolleagueswereyoungandtheydidn′tunderstandmebecauseofmyage.Theyoftenaskedme‘Youaresooldwhatareyouworkingfor?Iwasveryunhappy”Shesaid.Sowhiletherestofherfamilyleftforwork,shewaslefttolonelyboredomathome.ThenherneighbourstoldheraboutEmployee’sRetrainingBoard(ERB)offeringretrainingcoursesforolderpeople.Thesecoursesarespecificallydesignedtoencouragetheolderpeoplebacktowork.“Iwasinterestedincourierwork.Ididn’tthinkmyagewasabarrierbecauseIwasfit.”Shesaid.Upongraduating,MsChengwasofferedajobbytheSpeedingShuttleCourierServiceCompany.ButthenMsChengwasfacedwithaconflict:shewascaughtbetweenhonourandemployment“Ifeltembarrassedaboutcarryinganddeliveringlettersandparcels.”shesaid.IttookMsCheng24hourstomakeuphermind:therewasnothingwrongorembarrassingaboutdoingthejob.Soshewentofftoworkasacourier.MsCheng’semployerisdelightedwithherresponsibleattitudeandsaid.“Ihiredolderpeoplebecausetheywereableandreliable.AgeisnotanimportantfactorbutattitudeisManyoldpeoplewillnotrunfromdifficultiesbuttheyoungoneswill”61.WhywasitdifficultforMsChengtofindanothernursingJob?A.NursingclinicswerehardtofindB.ShefounditdifficulttotrustothersC.PeoplethoughtshewastoooldtoworkD.Peopledidn’tthinkshehadenoughworkexperience62.MsChenglefthersecondnursingjobbecause___________.A.shewasboredwithchangelessjobsB.itwastoodifficultC.shewastoooldtodothejobD.theotherstaffmadeherfeeluncomfortable63Employee“RetrainingBoardisaplanfor___________.A.findingjobsforolderpeopleB.teachingnewskillstoolderpeopleC.trainingolderpeopletobehealthierD.providingolderpeoplewithchancestoearnmoney64.AccordingtoAnthonyChong,youngpeople___________.A.aremorelikelytogiveupthantheolderonesB.arelessexperiencedthantheolderoresC.arefillerandstrongerthantheolderonesD.areableandreliable65Fromthetext,wecallinferthat__________.A.thelifeoftheoldismiserable B.thereisagenerationgapbetweenyoungandoldC.job—huntingishardforoldpeopleD.theoldarelookeddownuponinsociety【参考答案】61—65、CDBAC阅读理解。阅读下列短文,从给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。Weknowthefamousones—theThomasEdisonsandtheAlexanderGrahamBells—butwhataboutthelessfamousinventors?Whataboutthepeoplewhoinventedthetrafficlightandthewindshieldwiper(雨刮器)?Shouldn'tweknowwhotheyare?JoanMcLeanthinksso.Infact,McLean,aprofessorofphysicsatMountainUniversityinRange,feelssostronglyaboutthismatterthatshe'sdevelopedacourseonthetopic.Inadditiontolearning“who”invented“what”,however,McLeanalsolikesherstudentstolearntheanswerstothe“why”and“how”questions.AccordingtoMcLean,“Whenstudentslearntheanswerstothesequestions,theyarebetterpreparedtorecognizeopportunitiesforinventingandmoremotivatedtogiveinventingatry.”Herstudentsagree.OneyoungmanwithapatentforanunbreakableumbrellaiswalkingproofofMcLean'sstatement.“IfIhadnotheardthestoryofthewindshieldwiper'sinvention,”saidTommyLee,aseniorphysicsmajor,“Ineverwouldhavedreamedofturningmybadexperienceduringarainstormintosomethingsoconstructive.”Leeiscurrentlynegotiatingtosellhispatenttoanumbrellaproducer.So,justwhatisthestorybehindthewindshieldwiper?Well,MaryAndersoncameupwiththeideain1902afteravisittoNewYorkCity.Thedaywascoldandstormy,butAndersonstillwantedtoseethesights,soshejumpedaboardastreetcar.Noticingthatthedriverwasstrugglingtoseethroughthesnowcoveringthewindshield,shefoundherselfwonderingwhytherecouldn'tbeabuiltindeviceforcleaningthewindow.StillwonderingaboutthiswhenshereturnedhometoBirmingham,Alabama,Andersonstarteddraftingoutsolutions.Oneofherideas,alever(操作杆)ontheinsideofavehiclethatwouldcontrolanarmontheoutside,becamethefirstwindshieldwiper.Todaywebenefitfromcountlessinventionsandinnovations.It'shardtoimaginedrivingwithoutGarrettA.Morgan'strafficlight.It'sequallyimpossibletopictureaworldwithoutKatherineJ.Blodgett'sinnovationthatmakesglassinvisible.Canyoupicturelifewithoutclearwindowsandeyeglasses?大发明家与重要的发明固然令人振奋,但生活中也离不开小发明,本篇文章鼓励年轻人要善于把握发明的契机。9.Bymentioning“trafficlight”and“windshieldwiper”,theauthorindicatesthatcountlessinventionsare________.A.beneficial,becausetheirinventorsarefamousB.beneficial,thoughtheirinventorsarelessfamousC.notuseful,becausetheirinventorsarelessfamousD.notuseful,thoughtheirinventorsarefamous答案:B。细节理解题。由文章最后一段,特别是第一句“Todaywebenefitfromcountlessinventionsandinnovations.”可知信号灯和雨刮器等这些小的发明使我们受益。第一段最后一句“Shouldn'tweknowwhotheyare?”意思是“难道我们不该知道他们(发明者)是谁吗?”可知发明者不怎么出名。10.ProfessorJoanMcLean'scourseaimsto________.A.addcolourandvarietytostudents'campuslifeB.informstudentsofthewindshieldwiper'sinventionC.carryouttherequirementsbyMountainUniversityD.preparestudentstotrytheirowninventions答案:D。细节理解题。由第二段内容,特别是最后一句“...‘Whenstudentslearntheanswerstothesequestions,theyarebetterpreparedtorecognizeopportunitiesforinventingandmoremotivatedtogiveinventingatry.’”可知D项最佳。11.TommyLee'sinventionoftheunbreakableumbrellawas______.A.noteventuallyacceptedbytheumbrellaproducerB.inspiredbythestorybehindthewindshieldwiperC.duetohisdreamofbeingcaughtinarainstormD.notrelatedtoProfessorJoanMcLean'slectures答案:B。细节理解题。由第三段中TommyLee的话“IfIhadnotheardthestoryofthewindshieldwiper'sinvention...Ineverwouldhavedreamedofturningmybadexperienceduringarainstormintosomethingsoconstructive.”可知他的发明是因为受到雨刮器的发明故事的启发。12.Whichofthefollowingcanbestserveasthetitleofthispassage?A.HowtoHelpStudentstoSellTheirInventionstoProducers?B.HowtoDesignaBuiltinDeviceforCleaningtheWindow?C.Shouldn'tWeKnowWhoInventedtheWindshieldWiper?D.Shouldn'tWeDevelopInventionCoursesinUniversities?答案:C。主旨大意题。全文讲述一些重要的发明,虽不为人知,却非常有益,借以鼓励年轻人要善于把握发明的契机。其他选项都比较片面。阅读理解-----(2011·辽宁卷,B)阅读理解。阅读下列短文,从给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。About21,000youngpeoplein17Americanstatesdonotattendclassesinschoolbuildings.Instead,theyreceivetheirelementary(初等)andhighschooleducationbyworkingathomeoncomputers.TheCenterforEducationReformsaystheUnitedStateshas67public“cyberschools”,andthatisabouttwiceasmanyastwoyearsago.Themoneyforstudentstoattendacyberschoolcomesfromthegovernmentsofthestateswheretheylive.Someeducatorssaycyberschoolsreceivemoneythatshouldsupporttraditionalpublicschools.Theyalsosayitisdifficulttoknowifstudentsarelearningwell.Othereducatorspraisethisnewformofeducationforlettingstudentsworkattheirownspeed.Thesepeoplesaycyberschoolshelpstudentswhowereunhappyorunsuccessfulintraditionalschools.Theysaylearningathomebycomputerendslongbusridesforchildrenwholivefarfromschool.Whateverthejudgmentofcyberschools,theyaregettingmoreandmorepopular.Forexample,anewcyberschoolcalledCommonwealthConnectionsAcademywilltakeinstudentsthisfall.ItwillservechildreninthestateofPennsylvaniafromagesfivethroughthirteen.Childrengetfreeequipmentfortheironlineeducation.Thisincludesacomputer,aprinter,booksandtechnicalservices.Parentsandstudentstalkwithteachersbytelephoneorbysendingemailsthroughtheircomputerswhennecessary.Studentsatcyberschoolsusuallydonotknowoneanother.
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