四川省绵阳市2022-2023学年高一下学期期末教学质量测试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1四川省绵阳市2022-2023学年高一下学期期末教学质量测试英语试题第一部分听力(略)第二部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ATheBritishMuseumGalleryArtSessionNationalcurriculumlinks●Art&DesignAboutthissessionGalleryArtsessionstakeplaceinoneormoreoftheMuseum’sgalleries.Yourstudentsexploreathemechosenbyyouandareledbyanartist-educator.ThesessionsreflectthediversityofworldculturesthroughtheBritishMuseum’scollections.Format:galleryworkshop,Q&A,practicalart-basedactivities,discussionCapacity:15pergroup(max30studentsperday,splitinto2groups)Duration:90minutesPrice:FreeIndetail●ThesessionbeginswithanintroductiontotheMuseumanditscollections.●Theartist-educatorwillleadstudentsthroughanexplorationofthethemeinseveralgalleries.●Itconcludeswithameetingwhichhighlightsthequestionstoaskwhenexaminingmuseumobjects,theskillsofrecordinginformationgatheredinamuseumandasummaryofthekeythemesofthesession.Beforeyourvisit●ThepurposeoftheMuseumvisit,forexample,collectingmaterialforaparticularprojectorexaminingobjectsfromaparticularcultureorperiod,shouldbemadeclearbeforearrivalandstudentsshouldknowtheexpectedoutcomesofthevisit.Afteryourvisit●Yoursessionandmuseumvisitshouldberecorded,e.g.usingdigitalcameras,notesanddrawingssothatfurtherindepthresearchcanbedone.FindoutmoreAselectionofgalleriesbelowmaybevisitedduringthesession.●Room25:Africa●Room26:NorthAmerica●Room27:Asia1.Whoisthetextintendedfor?A.Teachers. B.Parents. C.Students. D.Artists.2.Whichofthefollowingisrequiredofstudentsbeforetheartsession?A.Paytheticketsingroups. B.Plantheoutcomewithothers.C.Recordthevisitwithnotes. D.Knowthepurposeofthevisit.3.Whatcanstudentsdoduringtheartsession?A.Drawthecollections. B.Choosesomethemes.C.Visitvariousgalleries. D.IntroducetheMuseum.〖答案〗1.A2.D3.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍的是英国博物馆的画廊艺术课程。【1题详析】推理判断题。根据Aboutthissession部分中的“GalleryArtsessionstakeplaceinoneormoreoftheMuseum’sgalleries.Yourstudentsexploreathemechosenbyyouandareledbyanartist-educator.ThesessionsreflectthediversityofworldculturesthroughtheBritishMuseum’scollections.(画廊艺术课程在博物馆的一个或多个画廊举行。您的学生探索由您选择的主题，并由艺术家教育家带领。这些会议通过大英博物馆的藏品反映了世界文化的多样性。)”可知，您的学生探索由您选择的主题，有此可知，本文的读者应是教师。故选A项【2题详析】细节理解题。根据Beforeyourvisit部分中的“ThepurposeoftheMuseumvisit,forexample,collectingmaterialforaparticularprojectorexaminingobjectsfromaparticularcultureorperiod,shouldbemadeclearbeforearrivalandstudentsshouldknowtheexpectedoutcomesofthevisit.(参观博物馆的目的，例如，为一个特定的项目收集材料，或检查特定文化或时期的物品，应该在到达之前明确，学生应该知道参观的预期结果。)”可知，学习画廊的艺术课程的学生到达之前明确好参观博物馆的目的，由此可知，学生需要了解访问的目的。故选D项。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据Findoutmore部分中的“Aselectionofgalleriesbelowmaybevisitedduringthesession.(学习课程期间可参观以下精选画廊。)”可知，学生在学习课程时，可以参观下面的各种画廊。故选C项。BThismorning,whiletidyingupmyoffice,IfoundanopenboxofpackagedchocolatecookiesthatI’dboughtsometimelastyear.Theuse-bydatehadcomeandgonemorethaneightmonthsago.Curious,Itookasmallbite.Theystilltastedprettygood.Welcometotheworldofultra-processed(超加工)foods.Andwe’reeatingalotofthem.Ultra-processedfoodscurrentlymakeupnearly60%ofwhatthetypicaladulteats,andnearly70%ofwhatkidseat.Theyincludeeverythingfromcookiesandsodastopackagedbreadsandfrozenmeals,evenicecreams.Youmightnotrealizeyou’reeatingone,butlookcloseandyou’llseemanyingredientsyouwouldn’tfindinyourkitchen.Andalargeandgrowingamountofevidencehasconsistentlylinkedoverconsumptionofultra-processedfoodstopoorhealthoutcomes.“Toomuchofitleadstoobesityandtypetwodiabetes(糖尿病)andheartdiseaseandcancer.”saysChristopherGardner,aprofessoratStanfordUniversity,whohasspentdecadesstudyingthelinksbetweendietandchronicdisease(慢性病).Onereasonultra-processedfoodslikelyleadtohealthissuesseemsobvious:Theytendtobelowinfiberandhighincalories,salt,addedsugarandfat,whicharealllinkedwithpoorhealthoutcomeswheneatentoomuch.Eventually,Gardnersaystheburdenofmakinghealthierfoodchoicesshouldn’tfallcompletelyonconsumers-especiallywhenitcomestosettingkidsupforbetterhealthlongterm.“Itdoesneedthewholesocietytopayattentiontothis,toworktogether,includingthefoodindustryandthegovernment,tobeabletoreducetheamountofultra-processedfoodourkidsareconsumingintheirday,”hesays.4.Whatdoestheauthorwanttosayinthesecondparagraphs?A.Ultra-processedfoodspreservetheflavorlong.B.Ultra-processedfoodshavebecomeabigpartofourdiet.C.Convenienceexplainsthepopularityofultra-processedfoods.D.Alotofhealthproblemsresultfromconsumptionofultra-processedfoods.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“overconsumption”inParagraph3probablymean?A.Overproduction. B.Overselling. C.Overstore. D.Overeating.6.Whatisaresultoftoomuchultra-processedfoodinpeople’slives?A.Fewerdiseases. B.Healthproblems.C.Dietarychanges. D.Marketcompetition.7.WhatisGardner’ssuggestionformakingkidshealthierinthelongterm?A.Punishthefoodindustry. B.Reducekids’consumption.C.Uniteeffortsfromallsides. D.Makesmarterfoodchoices.〖答案〗4.B5.D6.B7.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。w文章主要介绍的是超加工食品的一些问题，过度使用超加工食品会产生健康问题。【4题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Ultra-processedfoodscurrentlymakeupnearly60%ofwhatthetypicaladulteats,andnearly70%ofwhatkidseat.Theyincludeeverythingfromcookiesandsodastopackagedbreadsandfrozenmeals,evenicecreams.(目前，超加工食品占成年人饮食总量的近60%，占儿童饮食总量的近70%。它们包括从饼干和苏打水到包装面包和冷冻食品，甚至冰淇淋的所有东西)”可知，在日常饮食中，超加工的食品占据了相当大的比例。由此推知，超加工食品已经成为我们生活中重要的一部分。故选B项。【5题详析】词句猜测题。根据划线单词后的““Toomuchofitleadstoobesityandtypetwodiabetes(糖尿病)andheartdiseaseandcancer.”saysChristopherGardner,aprofessoratStanfordUniversity,whohasspentdecadesstudyingthelinksbetweendietandchronicdisease(慢性病).(“吃得太多会导致肥胖、二型糖尿病、心脏病和癌症。斯坦福大学教授克里斯托弗·加德纳说。他花了几十年时间研究饮食和慢性病之间的联系)”可知，研究发现，过度使用超级工食品会造成身体健康问题，饮食与慢性疾病之间存在着联系。由此推知，划线单词的意思应是“过多地食用”。故选D项。【6题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的““Toomuchofitleadstoobesityandtypetwodiabetes(糖尿病)andheartdiseaseandcancer.”saysChristopherGardner,aprofessoratStanfordUniversity,whohasspentdecadesstudyingthelinksbetweendietandchronicdisease(慢性病).(“吃得太多会导致肥胖、二型糖尿病、心脏病和癌症。斯坦福大学教授克里斯托弗·加德纳说。他花了几十年时间研究饮食和慢性病之间的联系)”可知，研究发现，过多使用超加工食品会造成健康问题。由此可知，健康问题是过多使用超加工食品的结果。故选B项。【7题详析】细节理解题。根据尾段中的““Itdoesneedthewholesocietytopayattentiontothis,toworktogether,includingthefoodindustryandthegovernment,tobeabletoreducetheamountofultra-processedfoodourkidsareconsumingintheirday,”hesays.(“这确实需要整个社会都关注这一点，共同努力，包括食品行业和政府，以减少我们的孩子们每天消费的超加工食品的数量，”他说)”可知，Gardner认为，要从长远看来，要解决孩子的健康问题，需要的是整个社会引起重视，齐心协力。由此可知，Gardner的建议是团结社会的各方力量。故选C项。CResearchersaretryingtoexplorecreativewaystoreducee-waste.Nowoneteamhasinventedawater-activatedbattery(水激活电池)madeofpaperandothersustainablematerials.Somee-wasteisrelativelylarge:oldphonesandairconditioners,forinstance.Othere-wasteismoreunnoticeable,suchasbatteries.It’sthesesmallbatteriesthatarebigproblems.Nobodyreallypaysattentiontowheretheyendup.ResearchersattheSwissFederalLaboratoriesforMaterialsScienceandTechnologyareworkingtoaddressthisproblem.Theyinventedawater-activatedpaperbatteryusingenvironmentallyfriendlymaterialsthatcouldeventuallyreplacethemoreharmfulbatteriescommoninlow-powerdevices.Atraditionalbatteryismadeofplastic,metalorotherharmfulmaterials.Thepaperbatteryworksthesameasatraditionalbattery.Ithasapositivelycharged(带电的)side,anegativelychargedside,andaconductivematerial(传导材料)betweenthetwo.Inthenewbattery,thepositivelyandnegativelychargedsidesareinksprintedontothefrontandbackofapieceofpaper.Thatpaperisfilledwithsalt,whichdissolves(溶解)whenthepaperiswet.Whenthepaperisdry,thebatteryisoff.Oncethepaperiswet,thebatteryactivateswithin20seconds.Thenewbattery’soperatingperformanceworsensasthepaperdries.Whenthescientistsrewetthepaperduringtesting,thebatterybeginstoworkagainandlastsanhourbeforebeginningtodryoutagain.Althoughtheresearchersshowedthattheirbatterycouldpoweranalarmclock,itisunlikelytoreplacestandardbatteriesnow.Itishardtopredictatimelineforproducingsuchbatteriesinalargenumber,butthatfuturemaynotbesofaroff.“Thisreallystartswiththedevelopmentofsustainablematerials,”Nyström,theleadauthor,explains,“Fromthere,Ithinkweareabletocreatesomethingthatisquiteuseful.”8.Whydidtheresearchersinventthenewbatteries?A.Toreplaceharmfulbatteries. B.Todevelopsustainablematerials.C.Topowercommondevices. D.Tomakee-wastemorenoticeable.9.Inwhataspectarethetraditionalandthenewbatteriesdifferent?A.Sizes. B.Usages. C.Materials. D.Functions.10.Whatdoweknowaboutthepaperusedinthenewbatteries?A.Itdrieswithin20seconds. B.Itcanbeusedmanytimes.C.Ithasinkonthefrontside. D.Itbreakseasilyinsaltwater.11.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthenewbatteryfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A.Itstoreshugepower. B.Ittakesagestomakeit.C.Itishighlyprofitable. D.Ithasapromisingfuture.〖答案〗8.A9.C10.B11.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是一种新型环保的电池。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Theyinventedawater-activatedpaperbatteryusingenvironmentallyfriendlymaterialsthatcouldeventuallyreplacethemoreharmfulbatteriescommoninlow-powerdevices.(他们发明了一种水激活纸电池，使用环保材料，最终可以取代低功耗设备中常见的更有害的电池。)”可知，科学家发明一种水激活的纸电池，可以最终取代有害的电池，由此可知，研究者发明新电池是为了取代旧的有害的电池。故选A项。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Theyinventedawater-activatedpaperbatteryusingenvironmentallyfriendlymaterialsthatcouldeventuallyreplacethemoreharmfulbatteriescommoninlow-powerdevices.(他们发明了一种水激活纸电池，使用环保材料，最终可以取代低功耗设备中常见的更有害的电池。)”可知，这种新电池是使用环保材料，根据第三段中的“Atraditionalbatteryismadeofplastic,metalorotherharmfulmaterials.(传统电池是由塑料、金属或其他有害材料制成的。)”可知，传统电池使用的是塑料、金属或者其他有害材料制作而成，由此可知，新的电池与传统电池是在材料方面不同。故选C项。【10题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Whenthepaperisdry,thebatteryisoff.Oncethepaperiswet,thebatteryactivateswithin20seconds.Thenewbattery’soperatingperformanceworsensasthepaperdries.Whenthescientistsrewetthepaperduringtesting,thebatterybeginstoworkagainandlastsanhourbeforebeginningtodryoutagain.(当纸干了，电池就没电了。一旦纸湿了，电池就会在20秒内激活。随着纸张的干燥，新电池的运行性能会恶化。当科学家们在测试过程中将纸重新弄湿时，电池就会重新开始工作，并在再次变干之前持续工作一个小时。)”可知，当纸干了，就没电了，但纸湿了后，20秒又可以激活，科学家再次把纸弄湿后，电池又可以使用，且会一直持续到纸变干，由此可知，这种新型的电池可以反复使用。故选B项。【11题详析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“Itishardtopredictatimelineforproducingsuchbatteriesinalargenumber,butthatfuturemaynotbesofaroff.(很难预测大规模生产这种电池的时间线，但未来可能不会那么遥远。)”可知，大规模生产这种电池的时间不会很遥远，结合尾段中的““Thisreallystartswiththedevelopmentofsustainablematerials,”Nyström,theleadauthor,explains,“Fromthere,Ithinkweareabletocreatesomethingthatisquiteuseful.”(“这真的是从可持续材料的发展开始的，”Nyström，第一作者解释说，“从那里，我认为我们能够创造出一些非常有用的东西。”)”可知，Nyström认为这是一种非常有用的东西，综合以上信息可知，这种新电池有一个充满希望的未来。故选D项。DImagineasmalllifestylechangethatcouldbothreduceyourweightandriskofdepressionandboostyourproductivity.It’sassimpleasgettingupearlyonaregularbasis.Moreinterestingly,scienceissupportingit.Ina2019experimentbyMonashUniversity,nightowlsreportedfeelinglessdepression,stressanddaytimesleepinessaftertheirbodyclockswerebroughtforwardbytwohoursacrossathree-weekperiod.Multiplestudiesshowmorningtypestendtoperformbetteracademicallyandatworkandgetmoredonethannightowls.Accordingtothoseearlybirds,advantagesofthemorningincludelessdistraction,moretimeandmorespacetothinkandgetworkdone.Therearefewerotherpeopleup,fewerphonecalls,textmessages,emailsandmore.Also,studiesshowourabilities,energyandmoodaregenerallyattheirpeakinthemorning,includinglatemorning.Howearlyis“early”?Scientistshaven’tyetdeterminedanideal,exacttimetostartandendtheday.Itissuggestedthatpeopleshouldadjustsleeptimingwiththesun’sdailycycleandlight.Butitdoesn’tmeantoriseassoonasnaturallightfirstappears.Also,manyofussufferfromsleepproblemsduringthenightthatmakerisingearlyundesirable.Andifyou’reanaturalowl,tryingtochangeyourpatternmightnotfavoryou.Payattentionwhenyoufeelmostenergetic.Whilebeinganearlyrisermayhavebenefitsforyourhealth,what’smoreimportantisgettingenough,qualitysleepandkeepingaregularpattern.Don’tsetthealarmfor5:30amifitmeansreducingoverallsleeptime.Youcouldendupsufferingfromnegativeeffectsofsleepdeprivation(缺乏),includingapoorermoodandenergy,lessabilitytoconcentrate,weightgainandmore.12.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“nightowls”inParagraph2referto?A.Peoplewhoriseearly. B.Peoplewhosleeplate.C.Peoplewhoaredepressed. D.Peoplewhoareoverweight.13.WhatisParagraph3mainlyabout?A.Whenourabilitiesarebest. B.Whatadvantagesofmorningsare.C.Whyearlybirdsperformbetter. D.Whocommunicatesinthemorning.14.Whatmighthappentoyouifyousetyouralarmtooearly?A.Youwilllosesomeweight. B.Youcouldhavemoreworkdone.C.Youmayfindithardtofocus. D.Youcanseethefirstnaturallight.15.Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.ThePowerofRisingEarly. B.TheHabitsofMorningTypes.C.TheAmountofSleepTime. D.TheBenefitsofLifestyleChanges.〖答案〗12.B13.C14.C15.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是早起有利于减肥、降低抑郁风险和提高工作效率。【12题详析】词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“…reportedfeelinglessdepression,stressanddaytimesleepinessaftertheirbodyclockswerebroughtforwardbytwohoursacrossathree-weekperiod.(……报告称，在三周的时间里，他们的生物钟提前了两个小时，他们的抑郁、压力和白天困倦感都有所减轻。)”可知，此处讲述的是研究对象报告的情况，这些人觉得为期三周的生物钟提前两个小时后，自己的抑郁、压力和白天睡觉的情况减少，结合第三段中的“Multiplestudiesshowmorningtypestendtoperformbetteracademicallyandatworkandgetmoredonethannightowls.(多项研究表明，早起的人在学业和工作上的表现往往比夜猫子更好，完成的工作也更多。)”可知，大量研究表明，早起要比夜猫子在学业上和工作上的表现要好，由此可知，划线单词应是对应着早起的人，所以该短语的意思是“睡得晚的人”。故选B项。【13题详析】主旨大意题。根据第三段中的“Multiplestudiesshowmorningtypestendtoperformbetteracademicallyandatworkandgetmoredonethannightowls.(多项研究表明，早起的人在学业和工作上的表现往往比夜猫子更好，完成的工作也更多。)”可知，研究表明，早起的人在学业和工作方面比夜猫子的表现更好，结合下文分析这一研究结论的原因可知，本段主要讲述的是为什么早起的人的表现更好。故选C项。【14题详析】细节理解题。根据尾段中的“Don’tsetthealarmfor5:30amifitmeansreducingoverallsleeptime.Youcouldendupsufferingfromnegativeeffectsofsleepdeprivation(缺乏),includingapoorermoodandenergy,lessabilitytoconcentrate,weightgainandmore.(不要把闹钟定在早上5点半，如果这意味着减少整体睡眠时间。你最终可能会遭受睡眠剥夺的负面影响，包括情绪和精力不佳、注意力不集中、体重增加等等。)”可知，如果早起的过早，可能会有负面的影响，比如情绪和精力差、注意力不集中和体重增加等。故选C项。【15题详析】主旨大意题。根据首段“Imagineasmalllifestylechangethatcouldbothreduceyourweightandriskofdepressionandboostyourproductivity.It’sassimpleasgettingupearlyonaregularbasis.Moreinterestingly,scienceissupportingit.(想象一下，一个小小的生活方式的改变既可以减轻你的体重，降低患抑郁症的风险，又可以提高你的工作效率。这就像经常早起一样简单。更有趣的是，科学也支持这一观点。)”可知，本文在第一段中介绍了研究发现，早起这样一个小小的生活方式的变化可能会有助于减肥、降低抑郁风险以及提高工作效率，进而在下文中对该研究发现进行分析，说明早起的人的表现会比晚睡的人更好，同时也指出不能早起过早，以免产生更多负面的影响，所以，本文的题目为“早起的力量”基于本文的内容吻合，也可以概括全文的主题。故选A项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Ifyouwanttotakechargeasaparent,stoptryingtocontrolyourchild.Byfocusingonthereactionsyouhavetoyourchild’sbehaviorratherthanthebehavioritself,youcancreateconsciousparent-childrelationships.____16____Toooftenparentsgetcaughtupinunnecessarypowerstruggleswiththeirchildren,forgettingtoconnectwithorunderstandthem.So,howcanyoubeamoreconsciousparent?Thefirststepisrecognizingthatshameandblamedonotwork.____17____Itnotonlypreventsyoufromconnectingwithyourchildbutalsopreventsyourchildfromconnectingwiththeirsenseofinnersecurityandworth.It’sbettertoviewtheparent-childrelationshipasatwo-waypartnership.Whenyourchildrefusestoeatcarrotsorcleantheirroom,it’seasytoviewthisbehaviorasdisrespectful.Infact,thechildisnottryingtodisrespectyou.____18____Whatyouviewasdisrespectfuloftenhasmoretodowithyourownfeelingsandexperiencesthanyourchild’sbehavior.Parentscanunknowinglywritestoriesfortheirchildrenabouthowtheyshouldbehaveandhowtheirlivesshouldlook.Youmustrecognizethesefantasiesfirst.Next,askyourself,“WhowouldIbewithoutthisfantasy?”____19____Thedifferencebetweenbeinginchargeandbeingincontrolmeansmanagingyourchild’senvironmentinsteadoftryingtocontrolthechild’severyaction.Doyouwantyourchildtoeatfewersweets?____20____It’sbetterthanrepeatedlycriticizingyourchildforeatingcookies.Beingawareofyourchild’senvironmentcanbettersetyoubothupforunderstanding.A.Youarealwayssensitive.B.Thechildisjustbeingachild.C.Youshouldnotkeepcandiesinthehouse.D.Consciousparentingdoesn’tcomenaturally.E.Shopwiselywithyourchildreninthesupermarket.F.Aparentingmodelbasedonfearandpunishmentisharmful.G.Theexpectationsyouholdaboutyourkidsoftenshowyourowndesires.〖答案〗16.D17.F18.B19.G20.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍怎样才能成为一个更有意识的家长的方法。【16题详析】根据上文“Byfocusingonthereactionsyouhavetoyourchild’sbehaviorratherthanthebehavioritself,youcancreateconsciousparent-childrelationships.(通过关注你对孩子行为的反应而不是行为本身，你可以建立有意识的亲子关系。)”和下文“So,howcanyoubeamoreconsciousparent?(那么，怎样才能成为一个更有意识的家长呢?)”说明建立有意识的亲自关系不是自然而然的，而是需要方法的，选项D“有意识的养育不是自然而然的。”承接上文，并且引出下文的方法策略，故选D。【17题详析】根据上文“Thefirststepisrecognizingthatshameandblamedonotwork.(第一步是认识到辱骂和责备不起作用。)”和下文“Itnotonlypreventsyoufromconnectingwithyourchildbutalsopreventsyourchildfromconnectingwiththeirsenseofinnersecurityandworth.(这不仅阻碍了你与孩子的联系，也阻碍了你的孩子与他们内心的安全感和价值感的联系。)”可推断设空处应说明辱骂和责备给孩子带来的坏处，F选项“基于恐惧和惩罚的养育模式是有害的。”符合上下文语境，语意连贯，故选F。【18题详析】根据上文“Whenyourchildrefusestoeatcarrotsorcleantheirroom,it’seasytoviewthisbehaviorasdisrespectful.Infact,thechildisnottryingtodisrespectyou.(当你的孩子拒绝吃胡萝卜或打扫房间时，很容易把这种行为视为不尊重。事实上，孩子并不是想要不尊重你。)”可知下文应是解释孩子这种行为其实没有不尊重，他们只是孩子，想法很单纯，B选项“孩子就只是孩子。”符合上下文语境，故选B。【19题详析】根据上文“Parentscanunknowinglywritestoriesfortheirchildrenabouthowtheyshouldbehaveandhowtheirlivesshouldlook.Youmustrecognizethesefantasiesfirst.Next,askyourself,“WhowouldIbewithoutthisfantasy?”(父母可能会在不知不觉中给孩子写故事，告诉他们应该如何表现，他们的生活应该是什么样子。你必须首先认清这些幻想。接下来，问问你自己，“如果没有这些幻想，我会是谁?”)”可推断本段是告诉父母不要把自己的想法强加在孩子的身上，G选项“你对孩子的期望往往反映了你自己的欲望。”对上文进行总结，符合题意，故选G。【20题详析】根据上文“Doyouwantyourchildtoeatfewersweets?(你想让你的孩子少吃点甜品吗?)”和下文“It’sbetterthanrepeatedlycriticizingyourchildforeatingcookies.(这比反复批评你的孩子吃饼干要好。)”可知设空处应该是不让孩子少吃甜品的方法，C选项“你不应该把糖果放在家里。”符合题意，故选C。第三部分语言运用(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Icouldn’thavebeenbetterpreparedforthetalk,myfirstpresentationasacollegestudent.Ihadlearnedmyspeech____21____.Thedaybeforethetalk,aloneinmyroom,Ifelt____22____.ButassoonasIwasinvitedtothestage,IwasoverwhelmedbyafearIhad____23____toomanytimesbefore—thefearofgetting____24____becauseofmystutter(口吃).ItbeganwhenIwasachild.Ifeltashamedand____25____aslittleaspossibleatschool.Iputalotof____26____intomathandscience;inthesesubjects,Icould____27____myteacherswithwrittenexamsandreportsratherthanspokenones.ButbythetimeIgottomiddleschool,mystutterhadmademea____28____forbullying(欺凌),whichhurtmyacademicperformance.____29____,Iwenttoacookingschool,whereIhopedmycookingwouldspeakforitself.Isawmyfutureasa_____30_____untilanutritionclass,whentheteacher’slecture_____31_____meofmyloveofscience.Ifoundthatmythirstforlearningmorebiologywas_____32_____thanmyfearofstutteringduringoralexams.Istartedtoworkinaresearchlabandtriedspeechtherapy(治疗).Withthehelpofmytherapist,I_____33_____realizedtherealproblemwasnotthestutteritself;itwasmyfearofstuttering.Ittookmeaboutayearto_____34_____duringoneweeklymeetingthatIlovemyselfasIam.Now,insteadof_____35_____publicspeeches,Iactivelyseekopportunitiestobeonthestage.AndifIhappentostutteralongtheway,sobeit.21.A.byheart B.onpurpose C.bymistake D.onduty22.A.nervous B.surprised C.confident D.energetic23.A.forgotten B.experienced C.arranged D.considered24.A.stuck B.broken C.lost D.bored25.A.planned B.moved C.studied D.talked26.A.feeling B.money C.power D.effort27.A.interest B.embarrass C.satisfy D.disappoint28.A.target B.celebrity C.hit D.leader29.A.However B.Instead C.Therefore D.Moreover30.A.professor B.chef C.biologist D.director31.A.warmed B.cured C.informed D.reminded32.A.lighter B.stronger C.smaller D.longer33.A.naturally B.immediately C.gradually D.frequently34.A.speakout B.cutin C.takedown D.putup35.A.expecting B.avoiding C.improving D.doubting〖答案〗21.A22.C23.B24.A25.D26.D27.C28.A29.C30.B31.D32.B33.C34.A35.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述的是一个大学生在面对自己的口吃问题时的成长和改变。【21题详析】考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：我把我的演讲背熟了。A.byheart用心；B.onpurpose故意地；C.bymistake错误地；D.onduty值班。结合句意可知，此处应为learn…byheart意为“记住”符合语境。故选A项。【22题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：演讲的前一天，我独自一人在房间里，感到很自信。A.nervous紧张的；B.surprised惊讶的；C.confident自信的；D.energetic精力充沛的。根据上文中的“Ihadlearnedmyspeech________.”可知，作者已经都背下来了，所以此处应是“自信的”符合语境。故选C项。【23题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我一被邀请上台，就被一种我以前经历过太多次的恐惧所淹没——害怕因为口吃而卡住。A.forgotten忘记；B.experienced经历；C.arranged安排；D.considered考虑，认为。根据上文中的“ButassoonasIwasinvitedtothestage,Iwasoverwhelmedbyafear”可知，此处指的是作者一上台，被吓坏了，所以此处应是被一种我以前经历过太多次的恐惧所淹没，“经历”符合语境。故选B项。【24题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但我一被邀请上台，就被一种我以前经历过太多次的恐惧所淹没——害怕因为口吃而卡住。A.stuck卡住的；B.broken破碎的；C.lost迷失的；D.bored无聊的。根据上文中的“ButassoonasIwasinvitedtothestage,IwasoverwhelmedbyafearIhad________toomanytimesbefore”可知，作者由于害怕因为口吃而“卡住”。故选A项。【25题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：它始于我小时候。我感到羞愧，在学校里尽量少说话。A.planned计划；B.moved移动；C.studied研究；D.talked谈论，说话。根据上文中的“Ifeltashamed”可知，因为自己感到害羞，所以应是尽可能少“说话”。故选D项。【26题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我在数学和科学上下了很大的功夫，在这些科目上，我可以用笔试和报告而不是口语来满足我的老师。A.feeling感受；B.money金钱；C.power力量，权力；D.effort努力。根据下文中的“inthesesubjects,Icould________myteacherswithwrittenexamsandreportsratherthanspokenones.”可知，作者想在数学和科学这些不需要说话的学科上让老师满意，所以此处应是“努力”学习数学和科学。故选D项。【27题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在数学和科学上下了很大的功夫，在这些科目上，我可以用笔试和报告而不是口语来满足我的老师。A.interest使感兴趣；B.embarrass使尴尬；C.satisfy满足；D.disappoint使失望。根据上文中的“Iputalotof________intomathandscience;”可知，作者在数学和科学上下功夫，应是为了让老师“满意”。故选C项。【28题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但当我上中学的时候，我的口吃已经让我成为欺凌的目标，这影响了我的学习成绩。A.target目标；B.celebrity名人；C.hit轰动；D.leader领导。结合语境以及下文中的“forbullying(欺凌)”可知，作者口吃，很容易成为欺凌的“目标”。故选A项。【29题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：因此，我去了一所烹饪学校，在那里我希望我的烹饪能不言自明。A.However然而；B.Instead取而代之；C.Therefore因此；D.Moreover而且。根据语境以及下文中的“Iwenttoacookingschool,whereIhopedmycookingwouldspeakforitself.”可知，因为作者成为欺凌的对象而成绩下滑，“因此”作者去了烹饪学校，符合逻辑。故选C项。【30题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我看到自己作为厨师的未来，直到在营养课上，老师的讲座让我想起了我对科学的热爱。A.professor教授；B.chef厨师；C.biologist生物学家；D.director导演。根据上文中的“Iwenttoacookingschool”可知，作者去了厨师学校，所以此处应是“厨师”符合语境。故选B项。【31题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我看到自己作为厨师的未来，直到在营养课上，老师的讲座让我想起了我对科学的热爱。A.warmed温暖；B.cured治好；C.informed告知；D.reminded提醒。根据语境以及下文中的“meofmyloveofscience.”可知，老师的营养可，让作者“想起了”对科学的热爱，remindsb.ofsth意为“使某人想起某事”符合语境。故选D项。【32题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我发现我对学习更多生物学的渴望比我对口语考试中口吃的恐惧更强烈。A.lighter较轻；B.stronger更强；C.smaller较小；D.longer更长。根据下文中的“Istartedtoworkinaresearchlabandtriedspeechtherapy(治疗).”可知，作者开始进入实验室进行治疗，所以此处表示自己对科学的渴望“更强烈”。故选B项。【33题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：在治疗师的帮助下，我逐渐意识到真正的问题不在于口吃本身是我害怕口吃。A.naturally自然地；B.immediately立刻，马上；C.gradually逐渐地；D.frequently频繁地。根据语境以及下文中的“realizedtherealproblemwasnotthestutteritself;itwasmyfearofstuttering.”可知，作者在治疗师的帮助下，“逐渐地”意识到问题所在。故选C项。【34题详析】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我花了大约一年的时间在一次每周会议上说，我爱自己本身的样子。A.speakout说出；B.cutin插话；C.takedown记下；D.putup搭建，张贴。根据上文中的“Withthehelpofmytherapist,I________realizedtherealproblemwasnotthestutteritself;itwasmyfearofstuttering.”可知，作者意识到自己口吃的问题所在，所以此处应是花了大约一年的时间在会议上“说出”自己爱自己本身的样子。故选A项。【35题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在，我不再回避公开演讲，而是积极寻求登上舞台的机会。A.expecting期望；B.avoiding逃避；C.improving改善；D.doubting怀疑。根据下文中的“Iactivelyseekopportunitiestobeonthestage.”可知，作者开始积极主动地寻找登台的机会，所以不再“逃避”口吃的问题。故选B项。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。WhenitcomestoanimalsinChina,oneiconiccreaturespringstomind:theblackandwhitegiantpanda.Thisnationalanimalis____36____(extreme)rareandprotectedbytheChinesegovernment.IntheChengduResearchBaseofGiantPandaBreeding,also____37____(call)ChengduPandaBase,you’llbeabletoseethesesoft,clumsy(笨拙的)creaturescarefullyprotected.ChengduPandaBase____38____(consider)animportantinstitutionforpandaresearchnowadays.Builtin1987tocareforrescuedwildpandas,theopen-airreserveisoneofChina’smostpopular____39____(destination).Itisremarkablysuccessfulatintroducingnewpandasintowildpopulationsandmainlyfocuses____40____theconservationofpandas.Trytovisitinthemorning____41____thepandasaremostactive.Feedingtakesplacearoundopeningtimeat8am,althoughyou’llseethemeatinginthelateafternoon,too.Pandasspendmostoftheirafternoons____42____(sleep),particularlyduringtheheightofmidsummer.Aswellasliving,breathingpandas,therearesome____43____(amaze)pandainformationcentersandmuseumsexplaininghowtoprotectpandasfrom____44____(extinct).Avisittothebaseisaperfectlearningopportunityforadultsandchildrenaliketogetcloserto_____45_____lovelycreature.〖答案〗36.extremely37.called38.isconsidered39.destinations40.on41.when42.sleeping43.amazing44.extinction45.the【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了精心保护国有动物大熊猫的成都大熊猫繁育研究基地。【36题详析】考查副词。句意：这种国家动物极为稀有，受到中国政府的保护。设空处修饰形容词rare，应用副词作状语，故填extremely。【37题详析】考查非谓语动词。句意：在成都大熊猫繁育研究基地，也被称为成都熊猫基地，你可以看到这些柔软，笨拙的生物被精心保护。设空处为非谓语动词，修饰名词theChengduResearchBaseofGiantPandaBreeding作定语，和名词之间是被动关系，应用过去分词，故填called。【38题详析】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：成都熊猫基地被认为是当今熊猫研究的重要机构。设空处是谓语，主语和谓语之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，描述一般事实，应用一般现在时，主语ChengduPandaBase，谓语第三人称单数，故填isconsid