湖北省2023-2024学年高三下新高考信息卷(三模)考试英语试题(解析版)

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1湖北省2023-2024学年高三下新高考信息卷(三模)考试英语试题第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）略第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AAsPakistanandChinaaremarking2023asaYearofTourism,Pakistan’sbreathtakingnaturalbeauty,diverseculturalheritageandhistoricallandmarksareallsettocatchtheattentionoftourists.Balochistan:Nature’sBountyUnveiledStretchingacrossvastexpanses,BalochistanisPakistan’slargestprovince,boastingnotonlyabundantmineralresourcesbutuniquenaturalbeauty.Itsmountainranges,minesandextensivecoastalbelt,whichishometotheprosperousGwadarPort,attractadventurers.Punjab:ATapestryofHistoryandHeritageIntheheartofPakistanliesPunjabprovince,alandofgreenagriculturalfields,intricate(交错的)rivernetworks,ancientfortsandcharmingMughal-eragardens.Overtwomillennia(千年)ago,theGandharaBuddhistcivilizationthrivedinnorthernPakistan,withTaxilaservingasitsprimarycenteroflearning.Sindh:ATapestryofHistoryandCultureSindh,inPakistan’ssouthernregion,weavestogetherataleofhistoryandnaturalbeauty.ItishometotheancientcityofMohenjo-Daro,arelicoftheIndusValleyCivilization,alongwiththemoderncityofKarachianditspicturesquecoastline.NorthernPakistan:Nature’sMasterpieceSpreadover72,496squarekilometers,Pakistan’snorthernregionsareamasterpieceofnature.Amongtoweringpeaks,includingnumeroussummitsover8,000meters,peacefulvalleyslikeGilgit,HunzaandSkarduofferabriefescape.AsPakistaninvitestheworldtoexploreitsdiverseandfascinatinglandscapes,italsoextendsawarminvitationtodiscoverythehistory,spiritualityandnaturalwondersthatdefinethisremarkablenation.1.AsaBuddhist,yourfavoritedestinationinPakistanmightbe__________.A.Balochistan B.Punjab C.Sindh D.Gilgit2.Whatdothefourpartshaveincommon?A.Naturalbeauty. B.Historicalorigin.C.Culturalrelics. D.Diverseresources.3.Thepassageservesasa(n)__________.A.guidance B.introduction C.commercial D.notice【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。短文主要介绍了巴基斯坦的四个地区：俾路支斯坦、旁遮普、信德和北部地区，以及这些地区的自然美景、历史遗迹和文化遗产。〖答案〗1.B2.A3.B【1题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Overtwomillennia(千年)ago,theGandharaBuddhistcivilizationthrivedinnorthernPakistan,withTaxilaservingasitsprimarycenteroflearning.”（两千年前，旁遮普的甘达拉佛教文明在巴基斯坦北部繁荣，塔希拉是其主要的学习中心。）可知，如果你是一个佛教徒，你可能最喜欢的目的地是旁遮普。故选B。【2题详析】细节理解题。由第二段中的“BalochistanisPakistan’slargestprovince,boastingnotonlyabundantmineralresourcesbutuniquenaturalbeauty”（俾路支省是巴基斯坦最大的省份，不仅拥有丰富的矿产资源，而且拥有独特的自然风光。）第三段中的“alandofgreenagriculturalfields,intricate(交错的)rivernetworks,ancientfortsandcharmingMughal-eragardens”（这里有绿色的农田、错综复杂的河流网络、古老的堡垒和迷人的莫卧儿时代的花园。），第四段中的“Sindh,inPakistan’ssouthernregion,weavestogetherataleofhistoryandnaturalbeauty.”（信德省位于巴基斯坦南部地区，历史和自然美景交织在一起。）以及第五段中的“Pakistan’snorthernregionsareamasterpieceofnature”（巴基斯坦北部地区是大自然的杰作。）可知，四个地方都有自然美景。故选A。【3题详析】推理判断题。根据全文内容以及第一段“AsPakistanandChinaaremarking2023asaYearofTourism,Pakistan’sbreathtakingnaturalbeauty,diverseculturalheritageandhistoricallandmarksareallsettocatchtheattentionoftourists.”（2023年是中巴旅游年，巴基斯坦令人惊叹的自然美景、多样的文化遗产和历史地标都将吸引游客的目光。）可知，文章主要介绍了巴基斯坦的四个地区，以及这些地区的自然美景、历史遗迹和文化遗产，因此，这篇文章可以看作是对巴基斯坦的一个介绍。故选B。BDingLanying,anembroiderer(刺绣工)fromChuxiongYiAutonomous.DistrictinYunnanProvince,couldnotholdbackherexcitementwhenashowfeaturingYiembroideryandculturewasheldattheMilanFashionWeekonSaturday.Acollectionof40fashionabledesignswasmodeledonthecatwalk,wherethecolorblackandtheYiethnicgroup’sfavoritepatternsofclouds,seedsandsilverdecorationswerebrilliantlyfeatured.Ding,whohasbeendoingembroideryformorethan30yearssinceshewas8,saidshewasfortunatetoattendtheshow,andtherearesomanywomenlikeherbackinherhometownwhohavecontributedtotheshow’ssuccess.“TheshowinMilanwillmakethevillage’sfemaleembroidererssoproudoftheYiembroideryandencouragethemtocontinuetheculturalheritageforgenerations,”saidDing.Ding’sSouthChinaColorfulYiEmbroideryCompanynowhires2,028embroiderers,including109whohavephysicaldisabilities.LiWenjuan,headofficeroftheChuxiongPublicityDepartment,saidthethrivinglocalembroideryindustryhasenabledwomentoworkathomeandhelpedimprovetheirlivelihoods.“Weliveinthedeepmountains,butwealwayshavethefashiongenes,”shesaidofthe1,700-year-oldYiembroidery,anintangibleculturalheritage.ZhuWeiming,managingdirectorofShangtexFashionCompanywhichorganizedtheshow,attributedthesuccesstothejointeffortsofShanghaidesignerJiChengandtheembroideryartistsfromChuxiong.“The2024spring/summerfashioninspiredbyYiembroideryhasblendedtheYiethnicgroup’stotems(图腾),suchastiger,seedsandflowers,verywellwithluxuriousItalianfabrics,”hesaid.“ItisacelebrationofYiculture.”ApartfromtheMilanFashionWeekandtheNewYorkFashionWeek,theYiembroideryhadalreadywowedattendeesattheShanghaiFashionWeekandtheBeijingFashionWeekinChina.4.Whichcanbesafelyconcludedfromthereport?A.YiembroiderywasthespotlightoftheMilanFashionWeek.B.Fashionsallovertheworldhavemixedtogetherinthenewera.C.ThesuccessonMilanfashionshowgreatlyboostYiembroiderers’culturalconfidence.D.Yiembroideryhaschangedalottofitinwiththewesternfashion.5.WhatdoweknowaboutDingLanyingfromthepassage?A.ShewasanofficerofChuxiongYiAutonomousDistrict.B.ShewastheleadingentrepreneurofYiembroideryinYunnan.C.Hercompanyhasattendedthefourfashionweeksmentioned.D.Hercompanycontributedgreatlytoremovingpovertyandaidingthedisabled.6.WhatdoDing,LiandZhu’swordscommonlyemphasize?A.Prosperity. B.Pride. C.Culture. D.Fashion.7.Whichisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.YiEmbroidery,AnOldFashionSparksNewLifeB.YiEmbroideryShinesatItaly’sMilanFashionWeekC.YiEmbroideryGreatlyHelpstheMinorityGroupProsperD.YiEmbroideryHasAlreadySucceededinSeveralFashionWeeks【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。本文主要报道了彝族刺绣在米兰时装周大放异彩的新闻。〖答案〗4.C5.D6.C7.B【4题详析】推理判断题。由第三段第二句“‘TheshowinMilanwillmakethevillage’sfemaleembroidererssoproudoftheYiembroideryandencouragethemtocontinuetheculturalheritageforgenerations,’saidDing.”（丁说：“米兰的展览将使村里的女刺绣师为彝族刺绣感到骄傲，并鼓励她们将这一文化遗产代代相传。”）可知，米兰时装秀的成功增强了绣工们的文化自信。故选C项。【5题详析】细节理解断题。由第三段最后一句“Ding’sSouthChinaColorfulYiEmbroideryCompanynowhires2,028embroiderers,including109whohavephysicaldisabilities.”（丁的华南五彩彝绣公司目前雇佣了2028名绣工，其中109名有身体残疾。）可知，Ding的公司雇佣了2028名绣工，其中包括109名残疾人，所以公司不仅推动了当地的脱贫工作，还帮助了残疾人士。故选D项。【6题详析】推理判断题。由第三段中Ding的话““TheshowinMilanwillmakethevillage’sfemaleembroidererssoproudoftheYiembroideryandencouragethemtocontinuetheculturalheritageforgenerations,”saidDing.”（丁说：“米兰的展览将使村里的女刺绣师为彝族刺绣感到骄傲，并鼓励她们世世代代继续传承这一文化遗产。”）、第四段中““Weliveinthedeepmountains,butwealwayshavethefashiongenes,”shesaidofthe1,700-year-oldYiembroidery,anintangibleculturalheritage.”（“我们生活在深山里，但我们一直有时尚的基因，”她说的是1700年历史的彝族刺绣，一种非物质文化遗产。）以及第五段““ItisacelebrationofYiculture.””（“这是对彝族文化的庆祝。”）可知，三人都强调了彝族文化的传承和发展。故选C项。【7题详析】主旨大意题。根据第一段“DingLanying,anembroiderer(刺绣工)fromChuxiongYiAutonomous.DistrictinYunnanProvince,couldnotholdbackherexcitementwhenashowfeaturingYiembroideryandculturewasheldattheMilanFashionWeekonSaturday.”（丁兰英，楚雄彝族绣工。周六，当米兰时装周上举办了一场彝族刺绣和彝族文化的表演时，她无法抑制自己的兴奋。）可知，本文的主旨是彝族刺绣在米兰时装周大放异彩。故选B项。CThemostadvancedAppleWatchmodelswillbebackonsalethisweekafterafederalappealscourt(联邦上诉法院)temporaryblockedasweepingimportbanonthedevicesamidadispute(抗辩)withtheadministration.WhydidAppleWatchgetbanned?TheAppleWatchSeries9andAppleWatchUltra2werebannedafterCaliforniahealthtechcompanies,MasimoandCercacorLaboratories,accusedAppleofinfringingon(侵犯)itspatentforablood-oxygentrackingtechnology.Masimo’s2021complaintledtotheOct.26InternationalTradeCommissionorder.ApplefiledtwolawsuitsagainstMasimolastyearaccusingthecompanyofinfringingpatentswithitsownsmartwatch.Whydidtheadministrationsustaintheban?AmbassadorKatherineTaideclinedtoturnaroundtheITCdecisiononTuesdayafterfindingthatAppleinfringedMasimo’sandCercacor’spatents“aftercarefulconsultations”,accordingtoareleasebytheOfficeoftheUnitedStatesTradeRepresentative.WhenwilltheAppleWatchmodelsbebackonsale?TheAppleWatchSeries9andAppleWatchUltra2weremadeavailableatU.S.storesonWednesdayandcanbepurchasedonlinestartingat3pmonThursday,accordingtothetechcompany.ThereturnfollowstheadministrationannouncementonTuesdaythatitwouldsustaintheU.S.InternationalTradeCommissionorderbanningthesaleofthetwosmartwatches.“Apple’steamshaveworkedtirelesslyovermanyyearstodeveloptechnologythatempowersuserswithindustry-leadinghealth,wellnessandsafetyfeaturesandwearepleasedtheU.S.CourtofAppealsfortheFederalCircuithasstayedtheexclusionorder(禁止令)whileitconsidersourrequesttostaytheordersuspendingourfullappeal,”Apple’sstatementadded.“WearethrilledtoreturnthefullAppleWatchlineuptocustomersintimeforthenewyear.”ApplesaidinastatementonWednesday.8.Whichdepartmentdeclaredtheban?A.Theadministration.B.TheU.S.InternationalTradeCommission.C.TheUnitedStatesTradeRepresentative.D.TheU.S.CourtofAppeals.9.WhycanthetwoAppleproductsreturntothemarket?A.BecauseAppleproveditsinnocence.B.Becausethetwocompaniesreachedanagreement.C.Becausefederalcourtpausedthebanforlaterdispute.D.Becausetheadministrationdecidedtolifttheban.10.Whichcanweinferfromthepassage?A.ItremainstobeseenwhetherApplecanpermanentlysellthetwoproducts.B.MasimoisthemaincompetitorofAppleinblood-oxygentrackingtechnology.C.AmbassadorKatherineTaisuggestedhissupportforAppleintheofficialrelease.D.Apple’steamwereverydelightedaboutthedecisionoftheU.S.CourtofAppeals.11.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.ThedisputebetweenAppleandITC.B.ThedebateonApple’saccusation.C.ThelawsuitbetweenAppleandMasimo.D.ThereturnofAppleWatchmodels.【语篇解读】这是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了美国联邦上诉法院暂缓政府部门对苹果品牌两款手表产品的禁令，让产品重归市场。〖答案〗8.B9.C10.A11.D【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“Masimo’s2021complaintledtotheOct.26InternationalTradeCommissionorder.”（Masimo2021年的投诉导致了10月26日国际贸易委员会的命令。）以及第六段中的“ThereturnfollowstheadministrationannouncementonTuesdaythatitwouldsustaintheU.S.InternationalTradeCommissionorderbanningthesaleofthetwosmartwatches.”（美国政府周二宣布，将维持美国国际贸易委员会禁止销售这两款智能手表的命令。）可知，颁布禁令的是美国国际贸易协会。故选B项。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“ThemostadvancedAppleWatchmodelswillbebackonsalethisweekafterafederalappealscourt(联邦上诉法院)temporaryblockedasweepingimportbanonthedevicesamidadispute(抗辩)withtheadministration.”（最先进的苹果手表型号将于本周恢复销售，此前一家联邦上诉法院在与政府的纠纷中暂时阻止了对这些设备的全面进口禁令。）及第七段““Apple’steamshaveworkedtirelesslyovermanyyearstodeveloptechnologythatempowersuserswithindustry-leadinghealth,wellnessandsafetyfeaturesandwearepleasedtheU.S.CourtofAppealsfortheFederalCircuithasstayedtheexclusionorder(禁止令)whileitconsidersourrequesttostaytheordersuspendingourfullappeal,”Apple’sstatementadded.”（苹果公司的声明还说:“多年来，苹果团队孜孜不倦地开发技术，为用户提供行业领先的健康、健康和安全功能。我们很高兴美国联邦巡回上诉法院在考虑我们的请求时，搁置了排除令，暂停了我们的全面上诉。”）可知，苹果的两款产品能够回归市场是因为美国联邦上诉法院暂时中止了对它们的禁令。故选C项。【10题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“ThemostadvancedAppleWatchmodelswillbebackonsalethisweekafterafederalappealscourt(联邦上诉法院)temporaryblockedasweepingimportbanonthedevicesamidadispute(抗辩)withtheadministration.”（最先进的苹果手表型号将于本周恢复销售，此前一家联邦上诉法院在与政府的纠纷中暂时阻止了对这些设备的全面进口禁令。）及第七段““Apple’steamshaveworkedtirelesslyovermanyyearstodeveloptechnologythatempowersuserswithindustry-leadinghealth,wellnessandsafetyfeaturesandwearepleasedtheU.S.CourtofAppealsfortheFederalCircuithasstayedtheexclusionorder(禁止令)whileitconsidersourrequesttostaytheordersuspendingourfullappeal,”Apple’sstatementadded.”（苹果公司的声明还说:“多年来，苹果团队孜孜不倦地开发技术，为用户提供行业领先的健康、健康和安全功能。我们很高兴美国联邦巡回上诉法院在考虑我们的请求时，搁置了排除令，暂停了我们的全面上诉。”）可知，美国联邦上诉法院只是暂时搁置了对苹果品牌两款手表产品的禁令，所以这两款产品能否长期上市，还有待诉讼官司的进一步进展。故选A项。【11题详析】主旨大意题。根据第一段“ThemostadvancedAppleWatchmodelswillbebackonsalethisweekafterafederalappealscourt(联邦上诉法院)temporaryblockedasweepingimportbanonthedevicesamidadispute(抗辩)withtheadministration.”（最先进的苹果手表型号将于本周恢复销售，此前一家联邦上诉法院在与政府的纠纷中暂时阻止了对这些设备的全面进口禁令。）可知，本文主要是报道苹果的两款手表产品将回归市场。故选D项。DArtificialintelligencehasbecomeapartofourlives,transformingthewaywelive,work,andinteract.Wearecurrentlywitnessingthedawnofanewera,theAgeofAI,wherethepotentialforinnovationanddevelopmentseemslimitless.Inthisage,AIhasthepowertobuildadigitalworldcharacterizedbyexchange,mutuallearning,andinclusiveness.OneofthekeyfeaturesoftheAgeofAIistheseamless(无缝的)exchangeofinformationandideas.AIsystemsarecapableofprocessingvastamountsofdata,analyzingpatterns,andgeneratingvaluableinsights.Thisabilitytoexchangeinformationrapidlyandeffortlesslyhasthepotentialtorevolutionizevariousindustries,suchashealthcare,finance,andeducation.Inthefieldofhealthcare,AI-poweredsystemscanhelpdoctorsandresearchersshare,exchangeandanalyzedataatrecordspeeds.AIcanidentifydatapatternsinminutesorevensecondsthatwouldtakeadoctororresearcherweeksorevenmonths.Similarly,inthefinancialsector,AIalgorithms(算法)cananalyzemarketdata,identifytrends,andmakeinformedinvestmentdecisions.TheexchangeoffinancialinsightsandstrategiesfacilitatedbyAIcanempowerindividualsandbusinessestomakesmarterfinancialchoicesandcreateamoreinclusiveeconomy.ProfessorsandteachersacrosstheworldarenowcomingtograsptheAI,revolutionandwhatitmeansforthemandtheirstudents.HowmanystudentswillsavetimeandenergybyhavingAIwritetheiressaysandassignmentsratherthanwritingthemthemselves?WillweseeAItoolsbeingusedinthesamewayasthequotationsystemwecurrentlyuseforessaywriting?Likeanynewtechnology,thereisacertainamountoffearandalotofquestionstobeansweredontheuse,exchange,advantagesanddisadvantagesofAI.Butonethingseemsclear:Byofferingaccesstoinformationandservices,AIcanhelpcreateamoreequitable(公平合理的)andamoreinclusivesociety.12.WhichiscorrectaboutAIaccordingtothepassage?A.AIcanassistdoctorsinoperations.B.AIcancreateamoreinclusiveeconomy.C.AIwilltaketheplaceofquotationsystem.D.AIwillhelpbuildajustanddiverseworld.13.WhatdoestheunderlinedwordinParagraph4mean?A.Enable. B.Ensure. C.Assign. D.Arrange.14.WhatismainlydiscussedinParagraph6?A.QuestionsrelatedtoAI.B.Accesstoinformationandservices.C.TheinclusivenessofAI.D.Waystogetinformationandservices.15.Whichcanbestdescribethestructureofthepassage?A. B. C. D.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了AI时代的特点。〖答案〗12.D13.A14.C15.C【12题详析】细节理解题。由第三段中的“Inthefieldofhealthcare,AI-poweredsystemscanhelpdoctorsandresearchersshare,exchangeandanalyzedataatrecordspeeds.(在医疗保健领域，人工智能系统可以帮助医生和研究人员以创纪录的速度共享、交换和分析数据)”可知，AI可以帮助医生和研究者们共享、交换、分析数据，而不能帮助医生做手术；由第四段中的“TheexchangeoffinancialinsightsandstrategiesfacilitatedbyAIcanempowerindividualsandbusinessestomakesmarterfinancialchoicesandcreateamoreinclusiveeconomy.(人工智能促进了金融见解和战略的交流，使个人和企业能够做出更明智的金融选择，并创造一个更具包容性的经济)”可知，AI不是直接创造更具包容性的经济；由第五段最后一句“WillweseeAItoolsbeingusedinthesamewayasthequotationsystemwecurrentlyuseforessaywriting?(我们会看到人工智能工具像我们目前用于论文写作的报价系统一样被使用吗?)”可知，AI目前还没有替代报价体系；由最后一段中的“Butonethingseemsclear:Byofferingaccesstoinformationandservices,AIcanhelpcreateamoreequitable(公平合理的)andamoreinclusivesociety.(但有一件事似乎很清楚：通过提供获取信息和服务的途径，人工智能可以帮助创造一个更公平、更包容的社会)”可知，AI有利于建立一个公平、多元的世界。故选D。【13题详析】词句猜测题。根据前文“Similarly,inthefinancialsector,AIalgorithms(算法)cananalyzemarketdata,identifytrends,andmakeinformedinvestmentdecisions.(同样，在金融领域，人工智能算法可以分析市场数据，识别趋势，并做出明智的投资决策)”可知，AI算法可以分析市场数据、判断趋势、做出明智的投资决策，所以画线词所在句后文“individualsandbusinessestomakesmarterfinancialchoicesandcreateamoreinclusiveeconomy”应是表达：AI加持的金融信息和策略交流可以让人个人和企业做出更明智的决定，创造更包容的经济。由此推知，empower的意思最接近enable(使能够)。故选A。【14题详析】主旨大意题。由第六段“Likeanynewtechnology,thereisacertainamountoffearandalotofquestionstobeansweredontheuse,exchange,advantagesanddisadvantagesofAI.Butonethingseemsclear:Byofferingaccesstoinformationandservices,AIcanhelpcreateamoreequitable(公平合理的)andamoreinclusivesociety.(与任何新技术一样，在人工智能的使用、交流、优缺点方面，存在一定程度的恐惧和许多有待回答的问题。但有一件事似乎很清楚：通过提供获取信息和服务的途径，人工智能可以帮助创造一个更公平、更包容的社会)”可知，本段主要在说明AI的包容性。故选C。【15题详析】推理判断题。本文第一段点明文章主旨，即AI时代的三个特点（exchange,mutuallearning,inclusiveness）。第二段讲交流（exchange），最后一句话点出三个行业（healthcare,finance,education）。第三、四、五三段分别详述AI在这三个行业的运用，属于第二段的分论点；第六段讲AI的包容性（inclusiveness），与第二段之间是并列关系，故文章结构为C项。故选C。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Manypeoplehavereservedbanquethallsinhotelsandbigrestaurantsduringtheeight-dayMid-AutumnFestivalandNationalDayholidaytoholdweddingceremoniesorfamilyget-togetherswithspecialandexquisitedishestoservetheguests.____16____WhilepeopleintheWesttendtobelieve“Youarewhatyoueat”,theChinesepeoplebelieve“Tothepeople,foodisheaven.”Fewculturesareasfood-orientedastheChinese.FortheChinesepeople,foodhasameaningfarbeyonditsimportanceasfuelforlife.InChineseculture,servingexpensiveandraredishesisawayofshowingrespectfortheguests.____17____This,however,resultsinwasteoffoodatbanquets(宴会).Atweddingceremoniesandfamilyreunionsduringholidays,foodwasteisevenmorecommon.Sowhatarethereasonsforfoodwasteonsuchamassivescale?First,manypeoplearenotfullyawareoftheimportanceofnotwastingfood.Inmostcases,atbanquets,particularlyatweddingbanquetsifthedishesarenotexpensiveorexcessfoodisnotorderedfortheguests,thecouples’familiesfear“losingface”.____18____Second,somerestaurantstendtoencouragedinerstoordermoreexpensivedishesbysettingaminimumconsumptionamountforreservingbanquethalls,whileconsumerswhobelievethatluxuryisawayoflife,especiallytoboastofinfrontoffriends,turnablindeyetofoodwasteregulationsandadvicefromrestaurantstaff.____19________20____Arecentlyreleasedguidelinewastosolvefoodwasteproblem,promoteamoresustainableapproachtofoodconsumptionandencourageresponsiblepracticesintherestaurantindustry.A.Thatmindsetisboundtoleadustoseeingwasteasanormalpractice.B.Theyarealsoreluctanttopackleftoversforfearofbeingseenas.mean.C.“Excessisequaltoexcellence.”ThisconceptistherootofwasteinChina.D.FoodplaysoneofthemostimportantrolesonspecialoccasionsfortheChinesepeople.E.Thetraditioninitsfirstplacewasnotmeanttoshowoffwealthorcauseanywaste.F.Hence,itiscommonforhoststoorderorpreparemoredishesthantheirguestscanpossiblyeat.G.Fortunately,thegovernment,theindustryandsocietyareworkingtogethertoreducefoodwaste.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍了我国的餐饮浪费现象，并解释了原因，说明了政府的应对举措。〖答案〗16.D17.F18.A19.B20.G【16题详析】根据后文“WhilepeopleintheWesttendtobelieve“Youarewhatyoueat”,theChinesepeoplebelieve“Tothepeople,foodisheaven.”Fewculturesareasfood-orientedastheChinese.FortheChinesepeople,foodhasameaningfarbeyonditsimportanceasfuelforlife.(西方人倾向于相信“你吃什么就是什么”，而中国人则相信“对人民来说，食物就是天堂”。很少有文化像中国人那样注重饮食。对中国人来说，食物的意义远远超出了它作为生命燃料的重要性。)”可知，本段主要介绍饮食在中国文化中的重要性，故D项“对于中国人来说，食物在特殊场合扮演着重要的角色。”符合语境，故选D。【17题详析】由本段第一句“InChineseculture,servingexpensiveandraredishesisawayofshowingrespectfortheguests.(在中国文化中，提供昂贵和稀有的菜肴是对客人的一种尊重。)”可知，在中国文化中，人们用昂贵、稀罕的菜肴款待客人以表达对客人的尊重。空后一句“This,however,resultsinwasteoffoodatbanquets(宴会).(然而，这导致了宴会上食物的浪费。)”指出这种待客之道会在宴会中造成浪费。F项“因此，主人准备多于客人可以吃下的食物是非常常见的。”承上启下，符合语境，故选F。【18题详析】根据上文“First,manypeoplearenotfullyawareoftheimportanceofnotwastingfood.Inmostcases,atbanquets,particularlyatweddingbanquetsifthedishesarenotexpensiveorexcessfoodisnotorderedfortheguests,thecouples’familiesfear“losingface”.(首先，许多人没有充分意识到不浪费食物的重要性。在大多数情况下，在宴会上，特别是在婚宴上，如果菜不贵或没有为客人点过多的食物，新婚夫妇的家人担心“丢脸”。)”可知，本段强调宴席，特别是婚礼宴席上的浪费是由于人们担心因菜品不昂贵或不丰富而丢面子的心理。A项“那种心理就注定了我们会把食物浪费当作一件正常的事情。”承接上文，符合语境，故选A。【19题详析】根据上文“Second,somerestaurantstendtoencouragedinerstoordermoreexpensivedishesbysettingaminimumconsumptionamountforreservingbanquethalls,whileconsumerswhobelievethatluxuryisawayoflife,especiallytoboastofinfrontoffriends,turnablindeyetofoodwasteregulationsandadvicefromrestaurantstaff.(其次，一些餐厅往往通过设定宴会厅的最低消费金额来鼓励食客点更昂贵的菜，而那些认为奢侈是一种生活方式的消费者，尤其是在朋友面前炫耀的消费者，对食物浪费的规定和餐厅工作人员的建议视而不见。)”可知，本段从餐馆和顾客两方面说明食物浪费的原因，前面讲餐馆为赚钱设置最低消费金额，后面讲顾客为了炫耀、追求奢侈往往不顾规定和餐饮人员的劝告多点餐。B项“他们也不愿意将剩菜打包，怕被看作小气”承接上文，符合语境。故选B。【20题详析】根据后文“Arecentlyreleasedguidelinewastosolvefoodwasteproblem,promoteamoresustainableapproachtofoodconsumptionandencourageresponsiblepracticesintherestaurantindustry.(最近发布的一项指导方针旨在解决食物浪费问题，促进更可持续的食物消费方式，并鼓励餐饮业负责任的做法。)”可知，本段主要说明应对浪费的举措，G项“幸运的是，政府、（餐饮）行业和社会正在合力减少浪费。”统领全段，符合语境，故选G。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Bornwithageneticdiseasethatcausesfragility,LhakpaDondrub,22,lost____21____howmanytimeshehadbrokenorsnappedbones.Thebonediseaseaffectedhisgrowth,leavinghimabout1meterinheight,andconfinedhimtoawheelchair,butitdidn’tstophimpursuinghisdreamto‘becomea(n)____22____.“WhenIwasachild,Ilikedtoobservethechangeof____23____throughthewindow.Itwasamazingly____24____.Afterlearningphotography,Iknowitisallabouthowto____25____thelightthroughthelens,”saysthemanfromLhasa,theXizangAutonomousRegion.“What’smore,my____26____islowerthanothers,andIhopetofindthe____27____sceneryinlifefrommyview,”headds.BornintoafarmingfamilyinavillageinLhasa,LhakpaDondrubwas____28____byrelativesafterhismotherdiedwhenhewasyoung.Hewas____29____withthecondition,osteogenesisimperfecta,attheageoffive.Thediseasemadegoingtoschoolimpossibleforhimandhehadtostudyathome.In2017,LhakpaDondrubenteredacarecenterforpeoplewith_____30_____challengesinLhasa,wherehefoundhis_____31_____forphotographyandvideoediting.“Asayoungman,IhavedreamsandIwanttosupportmyselfthroughhardwork,”hesays.In2021,heleftthecarecenterandfoundajobina_____32_____company.ForLhakpaDondrub,photographyisnotonlyameansofmakinga_____33_____,butalsoadrivingforceandan_____34_____oflife.Whenhehastime,hetakesacameratosnapphotosofanimalsandpeoplealongtheancientBarkhorBazaar.Althoughheis_____35_____toawheelchair,hetriestogoasfarashecan.Hehopesthatoneday,hewillbeabletotakephotosatTian’anmenSquareinBeijing.21.A.confidence B.consciousness C.connection D.count22.A.warrior B.photographer C.celebrity D.example23.A.light B.color C.scene D.time24.A.special B.astonishing C.beautiful D.bright25.A.chase B.change C.catch D.cast26.A.determination B.perspective C.aspiration D.intelligence27.A.dim B.shining C.swift D.unique28.A.admitted B.comforted C.adopted D.condemned29.A.diagnosed B.charged C.assigned D.indulged30.A.mental B.physical C.technical D.fatal31.A.destination B.inspiration C.passion D.occupation32.A.biological B.cultural C.environmental D.technological33.A.living B.name C.change D.difference34.A.experience B.expression C.exchange D.expectation35.A.committed B.connected C.related D.restricted【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文，讲述了LhakpaDondrub这位患有遗传性骨病的年轻人，尽管身体上受到极大的限制，但他依然追求自己的梦想，成为一名摄影师的故事。〖答案〗21.D22.B23.A24.C25.C26.B27.D28.C29.A30.B31.C32.B33.A34.B35.D【21题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：LhakpaDondrub，22岁，天生患有一种导致骨骼脆弱的遗传病，他已经忘记了自己骨折或断裂了多少次。A.confidence自信；B.consciousness意识；C.connection联系；D.count计数。根据上下文“Bornwithageneticdiseasethatcausesfragility”可知，他患有疾病，很容易骨折，次数多了他自己都数不过来了，lostcount的意思是“数不清”，符合语境，故选D项。【22题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种骨病影响了他的生长，使他的身高只有大约1米，并且限制他只能坐在轮椅上，但这并没有阻止他追求成为摄影师的梦想。A.warrior勇士；B.photographer摄影师；C.celebrity名人；D.example例子。根据第5小题的“learningphotography”可知，可知他的梦想是成为一名摄影师，故选B项。【23题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我还是个孩子的时候，我喜欢通过窗户观察光线的变化。A.light光；B.color颜色；C.scene场景；D.time时间。根据第5小题“catchthelight”可知，他经常观察光线的变化，故选A项。【24题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它是惊人的美丽。A.special特别的；B.astonishing令人惊讶的；C.beautiful美丽的；D.bright明亮的。根据上下文“Itwasamazingly”可知，这里需要一个形容词来形容光线的变化是非常美丽的，其它选项不符合语境，故选C项。【25题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：学习摄影后，我知道这全都是关于如何通过镜头捕捉光线。A.chase追逐；B.change改变；C.catch捕捉；D.cast投掷。根据上下文“throughthelens”可知，这里需要一个动词表示通过镜头“捕捉”光线，故选C项。【26题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的视角比别人低，我希望从我的角度找到生活中独特的风景。A.determination决心；B.perspective视角；C.aspiration抱负；D.intelligence智力。根据第一段“leavinghimabout1meterinheight”可知，他身高只有1米，这就使得他的拍摄视角比较低，故选B项。【27题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.dim昏暗的；B.shining发光的；C.swift快速的；D.unique独特的。根据上下文“myperspectiveislowerthanothers”可知，由于他的视角和别人都不一样，所以他希望拍摄一些独特的风景，故选D项。【28题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：LhakpaDondrub出生在拉萨一个村庄的农家，他的母亲去世后，他被亲戚收养。A.admitted承认；B.comforted安慰；C.adopted收养；D.condemned谴责。根据上下文“afterhismotherdied”可知，这里需要一个动词表示“收养”，因为他母亲去世了。故选C项。【29题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：五岁时，他被诊断出患有成骨不全症。A.diagnosed诊断；B.charged收费；C.assigned分配；D.indulged放纵。根据上下文“withthecondition”可知，这里需要一个动词表示“诊断”，bediagnosedwith是一个固定搭配，意思是“被诊断有……”，符合语境，故选A项。【30题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：2017年，LhakpaDondrub进入了拉萨一家为有身体挑战的人提供服务的护理中心，在那里他发现了自己对摄影和视频编辑的热情。A.mental精神的；B.physical身体的；C.technical技术的；D.fatal致命的。根据上下文“enteredacarecente”可知，Lhakpa本身患有严重的基因疾病，他加入的这家护理中心一定也是为身体残疾的人们准备的，故选B项。【31题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：2017年，LhakpaDondrub进入了拉萨一家为有身体挑战的人提供服务的护理中心，在那里他发现了自己对摄影和视频编辑的热情。A.destination目的地；B.inspiration灵感；C.passion热情；D.occupation职业。根据上下文“Iwanttosupportmyselfthroughhardwork”可知，他想要通过自己的努力养活自己，说明他找到了自己喜欢的事业，也就是对摄影和剪辑这种工作产生了热情，故选C项。【32题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：2021年，他离开了护理中心，在一家文化公司找到了工作。A.biological生物的；B.cultural文化的；C.environmental环境的；D.technological技术的。根据上下文“photo