东北三省四校2023-2024学年高三下学期第四次模拟考试英语试题(解析版)

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1东北三省四校2023-2024学年高三下学期第四次模拟考试英语试题第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)略第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AMedicalExaminationInstructionsThesemedicalinstructionsarebeingissuedasyourimmigration(移民)applicationhasreachedthestagewheremedicalexaminationresultsarerequired.When,whoandhowtocompleteyourImmigrationMedicalExaminationYouarerequiredtohavethemedicalexaminationwithin30daysofthedateofthisletter;yourmedicalexaminationmustbeperformedbyadoctorfromtheIRCClistofPanelPhysicians;bookanappointmentwithaPanelPhysicianinyourareaassoonaspossible.Onceyourmedicalexaminationhasbeencompleted,thePanelPhysicianwillsubmitmedicalresultstoIRCCforassessment.ToobtainacopyofyourImmigrationMedicalExamination,pleaseaskthePanelPhysicianatthetimeofyourappointment.PayingforyourImmigrationMedicalExaminationAnycostsrelatedtothemedicalexaminationareyourresponsibilityandarepayabletothePanelPhysicianatthetimeofexamination.ThispaymentisforthePanelPhysician'sservicesandcannotbereturnedevenifyourimmigrationapplicationisrefusedorthevalidityperiod(有效期)ofyourimmigrationmedicalexaminationends.Note:IfyouarequalifiedforcoverageundertheInterimFederalHealthProgram,thecostsrelatedtoyourimmigrationmedicalexaminationmaybecoveredbytheIFHP.PleaseconfirmwiththePanelPhysicianinyourareathattheyareregisteredwiththeIFHP.WhatmustIbringtomyappointment?★TheattachedMedicalReportform★Identification,includingyourpassportifoneisavailable(Proofofidentitymustincludeatleastonegovernment-issueddocumentwithphotographandsignature,suchasapassport.)★Eyeglassesorcontactlenses(隐形眼镜),ifworn★Fourrecentphotographs★ForindividualsqualifiedforMigrationMedicalExaminationcoverageundertheInterimFederalHealthProgram,pleasebringoneofthefollowingdocuments:●RefugeeProtectionClaimantDocument●TheInterimFederalHealthCertificate●AcknowledgementofClaimandNoticetoReturnforInterviewIfavailable,youmaybeofferedvaccinations(接种疫苗)bythePanelPhysician.1.Afteryourmedicalexamination,_________.A.theprevioushealthreportsoughttobeconsultedB.youwillsubmittheresultstoIRCCforassessmentC.thePanelPhysicianwillpresenttheresultstoIRCCD.youwillsurelyobtainacopyofexaminationresultsbythephysician2.Ifyourimmigrationapplicationisrefused,whichstatementisrightaboutthecosts?A.TheIFHPwillcoverthem. B.Theycannotbereturned.C.ThePanelPhysicianwillpayincash. D.Theywillbereturnedifyouapply.3.Whichofthefollowingmustbebroughttotheappointment?A.Proofofidentity. B.TheFederalHealthCertificate.C.Theapplicationform. D.Medicalexaminationinstructions.【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。文章主要说明了移民申请中的体格检查的一些要求和注意事项。〖答案〗1.C2.B3.A【1题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Onceyourmedicalexaminationhasbeencompleted,thePanelPhysicianwillsubmitmedicalresultstoIRCCforassessment.(一旦你的体检完成，体检小组医生将把体检结果提交给IRCC进行评估)”可知，体检后，体检小组医师将向IRCC提交体检结果。故选C。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段“ThispaymentisforthePanelPhysician'sservicesandcannotbereturnedevenifyourimmigrationapplicationisrefusedorthevalidityperiod(有效期)ofyourimmigrationmedicalexaminationends.(这笔费用是专家组医生服务的费用，即使您的移民申请被拒绝或您的移民体检有效期结束，这笔费用也不能退还)”可知，如果你的移民申请被拒绝，无法退费。B选项“无法退费”正确。故选B。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据WhatmustIbringtomyappointment?部分中“★Identification,includingyourpassportifoneisavailable(Proofofidentitymustincludeatleastonegovernment-issueddocumentwithphotographandsignature,suchasapassport.)(身份证明，包括护照（身份证明必须包括至少一份政府签发的有照片和签名的文件，如护照）)”可知，身份证明必须带去赴约。故选A。BWallStreetbankers,investorsandeconomistshaveformonthsarguedoverwhetheraUSrecession(衰退)iscoming.ButforsomeAmericans,theunforgivingeconomicpaintypicalduringrecessionhasalreadysetin.AlBrownandhiswifefacedatoughcallinMaywhenreviewingtheirweeklybudget:what’sahigherpriority,morefoodordishsoap?BasedinConcord,NorthCarolina,Brownwasthemainbreadwinnerforhiswifeandtheirtwochildren.TheninApril,hewasletgofromhisjobasaglobaldirectorofbusinessdevelopmentatsoftwarecompanyCascade.He’ssincequithisgymmembershipandsoldvariousitemsaroundhishome,includingacomputerandyardfurniture.His13-year-oldsonquitthebasketballteam.Brown,37,nowspendshisdayssearchingtheinternetforjobsorreachingouttopotentialconnections.Afterfilingover600applications,onlyahandfulhaveproducedinterviews.That’safarcryfromthelabor-marketstrengthdescribedingovernmentfigures.InvestorsandeconomistshavebeenexpectingarecessionsincelastyearastheFedraisedinterestratestocontrolinflation(通货膨胀).Thatcausedcompaniestofocusonprofitabilityovergrowth,whichmeantcuttingspendingandreducingtheirworkforces.“Ithinkit’sunlikelythatIwillgetanothergoodpayingjobwithgreatbenefitsliketheoneIhad,”McCollum,wholivesinCleveland,Ohio,said.MoreAmericansarelikelytoencountersimilarcases,someexpertspredict.“Aswegothroughthisyear,andintonextyear,thereisstillgoingtobethisfocusontryingtoreducecosts,anditisgoingtoresultinmoreunemployment,”saidThomasSimons,asenioreconomistatJefferies.“Theimpactoflayoffs,currentlyconcentratedamongwhite-collarworkers,willlastthroughouttheeconomythrougha‘bigpullbackinoverallspending’,”Simonssaid.“Consumerspendingaccountsforabouttwo-thirdsofeconomicoutput,soifmoreAmericansareforcedtocutbackbecausetheywerelaidoff,thatmightthrowtheUSeconomyintoarecession.”4.WhataresomeAmericanscurrentlygoingthrough?A.Theycan’taffordnecessitiesoflife. B.They’velostinterestinhigh-endgyms.C.Theyarebadlytreatedbytheirbosses. D.Theyhavedifficultymakingendsmeet.5.WhatdoestheauthorwanttodemonstratethroughBrown’sjobhunting?A.Oneshouldtryvariouswaystofindajob.B.Americanlabormarketisnotthatfriendlytojob-seekers.C.Fewcompaniesareinterestedinmiddle-agedjob-hunters.D.Thegovernmentprovidesaccuratefiguresofthejobmarket.6.Howdocompaniesdealwiththeeconomicstruggles?A.Byemployingmoreworkers. B.Bychanginginterestrates.C.Bygivingprioritytoprofits. D.Bycuttingemployees’allowances.7.WhichstatementwillThomasSimonsprobablyagreewith?A.Laid-offworkerstendtogointodebt.B.Lowerconsumptionmayworsenthecurrentsituation.C.Americanswillspendmoretoincreaseeconomicoutput.D.Companiesaretoblamefortheunemploymentofwhite-collarworkers.【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了美国正在经历经济衰退，以布朗一家为例说明了其影响。〖答案〗4.D5.B6.C7.B【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“WallStreetbankers,investorsandeconomistshaveformonthsarguedoverwhetheraUSrecession(衰退)iscoming.ButforsomeAmericans,theunforgivingeconomicpaintypicalduringrecessionhasalreadysetin.(数月来，华尔街银行家、投资者和经济学家一直在争论美国是否即将陷入衰退。但对一些美国人来说，经济衰退期间典型的无情的经济痛苦已经开始了)”以及后文布朗家生活日渐拮据的例子表明，一些美国人目前正在经历入不敷出。故选D。【5题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段“Brown,37,nowspendshisdayssearchingtheinternetforjobsorreachingouttopotentialconnections.Afterfilingover600applications,onlyahandfulhaveproducedinterviews.That’safarcryfromthelabor-marketstrengthdescribedingovernmentfigures.(37岁的布朗现在每天都在网上搜索工作，或者联系潜在的人脉。在提交了600多份申请后，只有少数获得了面试机会。这与政府数据所描述的劳动力市场强劲程度相去甚远)”可知，作者想通过布朗的求职来证明美国劳动力市场对求职者并不那么友好。故选B。【6题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段“Thatcausedcompaniestofocusonprofitabilityovergrowth,whichmeantcuttingspendingandreducingtheirworkforces.(这导致企业更关注盈利能力，而不是增长，这意味着削减支出和裁员)”可知，企业优先考虑利润来应对经济困境。故选C。【7题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段““Aswegothroughthisyear,andintonextyear,thereisstillgoingtobethisfocusontryingtoreducecosts,anditisgoingtoresultinmoreunemployment,”saidThomasSimons,asenioreconomistatJefferies.(杰富瑞高级经济学家托马斯•西蒙斯表示：“随着今年和明年的过去，人们仍将把重点放在试图降低成本上，这将导致更多的失业。”)”可知，托马斯·西蒙斯可能会同意较低的消费可能会使目前的情况恶化。故选B。CWhat’syourfirstmemory?Whateveritis,you’reboundtotreasureit.Butcanweactuallytrustthem?Nothingaboutmemoryissimple.Memoryismalleable.Whatwerememberisnotnecessarilywhathappened.Amemoryisnotarecording.It’smorelikeadramaticreconstructionandonethatwecankeepchangingwithoutrealizingit.Foranyexperiencetoberemembered,ithastobeencoded(编码).Thisencodingisnotanykindofdirecttranslation,though.It’sarichandcomplexprocessthatcreatesassociationsandmeanings.Wemightberememberingsomethingverysimilar,butslightlychangedandcoloredbyourownsetsofassociations.PsychologistElizabethLoftusproducedgroundbreakingresearchoneyewitnesstestimony(证据).Herworkshowedthatmemoriescaneasilybeinfluenced,evenafterthey’vebeencreated.Forexample,iftwoeyewitnessestalkwitheachother,theirmemoriesofeventsoftenchange,absorbingwhatthey’veheardfromtheotherone——buttheywon’trealizethishashappened.Similarly,witnesseswhoareshownanimageofaninnocentperson,cansometimesstickitontotheirmemoryoftheactualevent—aprocessknownasunconscioustransference(无意识的转移).Itisestimatedthataround70%ofwrongfulconvictions(定罪),lateroverturnedbyDNAevidence,areduetomistakeneyewitnesstestimony.Insomecases,memoriescanevenbedeliberatelycreatedandimplanted.TheLostintheMallexperimenttookatestgroupofsubjectsandtalkedtothemindepthaboutkeychildhoodmemorieswhilealsoaddinganinventedone—theexperienceofhavingbeenlostinashoppingcenter.Itwasfoundthatbetweenaquarterandathirdofsubjectsnotonlyacceptedthisnewmemoryasgenuinebutenricheditwithspecificdetails.Mostofushavecertainkeymemoriesofbeingaveryyoungchild.Butresearchsuggeststhatthey’rehighlyunlikelytobeactualmemoriesduetothewaymemoryisstoredinthebabybrain.Yourpreciousfirstmemorymaywellnotbearealmemory,andwe’reallperhapslivinginourimaginationsmorethanwerealize.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“malleable”inparagraph1mean?A.Trustworthy. B.False. C.Easilychanged. D.Deeplyimpressive.9.Whichwillinfluencethememoryofeyewitnesses?A.PowerfulDNAevidence. B.Picturesstuckintheirmemory.C.Reducedaccuracyofconvictions. D.Exchangedinformationbetweenthem.10.Whatcanwelearnabout“TheLostintheMall”experiment?A.Itwasdesignedtoinvestigatemistakeneyewitnesstestimony.B.Itssubjectscouldrecallspecificdetailsofashoppingcenter.C.Itssubjectsmadebelievethattheyhadbeenlostinashoppingcenter.D.Itdemonstratedthatinventedexperiencescouldbefixedinone’smemory.11.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TheUnreliableNatureofMemory. B.RevisedEyewitnessTestimony.C.ReflectiononSweetChildhood. D.AnExplorationofTruthandFiction.【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了记忆是可塑的，容易改变，并通过介绍一些研究和实验论证了这一点。〖答案〗8.C9.D10.D11.A【8题详析】词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“Whatwerememberisnotnecessarilywhathappened.Amemoryisnotarecording.It’smorelikeadramaticreconstructionandonethatwecankeepchangingwithoutrealizingit.(我们记得的不一定是发生了什么。记忆不是记录。它更像是一种戏剧性的重建，我们可以在没有意识到的情况下不断改变)”可知，记忆不是记录，更像是一种戏剧性的重建，即记忆容易改变，故划线词意思是“容易改变”。故选C。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Herworkshowedthatmemoriescaneasilybeinfluenced,evenafterthey’vebeencreated.Forexample,iftwoeyewitnessestalkwitheachother,theirmemoriesofeventsoftenchange,absorbingwhatthey’veheardfromtheotherone——buttheywon’trealizethishashappened.(她的研究表明，记忆很容易受到影响，即使是在记忆被创造出来之后。例如，如果两个目击者互相交谈，他们对事件的记忆经常会发生变化，吸收他们从另一个人那里听到的东西——但他们不会意识到这已经发生了)”可知，交换信息会影响目击者的记忆。故选D。【10题详析】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“TheLostintheMallexperimenttookatestgroupofsubjectsandtalkedtothemindepthaboutkeychildhoodmemorieswhilealsoaddinganinventedone—theexperienceofhavingbeenlostinashoppingcenter.Itwasfoundthatbetweenaquarterandathirdofsubjectsnotonlyacceptedthisnewmemoryasgenuinebutenricheditwithspecificdetails.(“迷失商场”实验选取了一组测试对象，并与他们深入探讨了关键的童年记忆，同时还添加了一个虚构的记忆——在购物中心迷路的经历。结果发现，四分之一到三分之一的受试者不仅相信这段新记忆是真实的，而且用具体的细节丰富了它)”可知，“迷失商场”实验证明了创造出的经历可以固定在一个人的记忆中。故选D。【11题详析】主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Butresearchsuggeststhatthey’rehighlyunlikelytobeactualmemoriesduetothewaymemoryisstoredinthebabybrain.Yourpreciousfirstmemorymaywellnotbearealmemory,andwe’reallperhapslivinginourimaginationsmorethanwerealize.(但研究表明，由于记忆在婴儿大脑中的存储方式，它们极不可能是真正的记忆。你珍贵的第一次记忆很可能不是真实的记忆，我们都可能生活在想象中，而不是我们意识到的)”结合文章主要说明了记忆是可塑的，容易改变，并通过介绍一些研究和实验论证了这一点。可知，A选项“记忆的不可靠性”最符合文章标题。故选A。DIttookanillscreechowl(鸣角鸮)toteachascientistthevalueofup-close-and-personalstudy.InhisHarvardtalk,CarlSafina,anecologistandauthorofAlfieandMe:WhatOwlsKnow,WhatHumansBelieve,recalledthatthechickwasfounddyinginhisbackyard.Safinatookitinandplannedtonurseitbacktohealthandthenperformrelease.Buttheowlet'sflightfeathersdidn'tgrowproperly.Safinadelayedtherelease.Overthoseextendedmonths,SafinagottoknowAlfieinwaysthatmovedandchangedhim.“AnowlfoundmeandthenIwaswatching‘anowl’,”hesaid.“Itwasnolongeranowlafterawhile,itwas‘she’becauseshehadahistorywithme.Thislittleowl,whowaswithmemuchlongerthanIthoughtshewouldbe,becameanindividualtomebythathistoryandallthoseinteractions.”ThebondwithAlfiestrengthenedtothepointthat,whenshewasfinallyreleased,shecreatedaterritorywithSafina'shomeatitscenter.Safinawasabletospendhourseachdayobservingherinthewoodsasshelearnedtotakecareofherselfinthewild,mettwomates,andraisedchicksofherown.WhenheheardAlfiecalling,Safinasaid,he'dcallbackandshe'dlandnearby.Theirclosenessallowedhimtolearnmorethingsaboutscreechowls.Fieldguides,forexample,describetwoknowncallsbutheidentifiedsix,someofwhichyouhavetobequiteclosetohear.TherelationshipalsoopenedawindowforSafinaontopersonalitydifferencesbetweenAlfieandhermates.WhenpointedoutthathisapproachtoAlfie—includingtheactofnamingher—rancountertowidespreadscientificpractice,Safinasaidhewasn'tconcernedaboutviolating(违反)convention,particularlyifsomethinginterestinglikeindividualpersonalitydifferencesamongowlscouldbelearned.TheexperiencecausedSafinatothinkmoredeeplyabouthumankind'srelationshipwithnatureandthekindofpersonalconnectionhewasabletofeelwithawildindividual.“WhatIlearnedfromAlfieisthatallsentient(有情感的)beingsseekafeelingofwell-beingandfreedomofmovement,”Safinasaid.“That'saguidetowhat'srightandwhat'swrongtome.”12.WhatdoweknowaboutAlfie?A.ShedevelopedaclosebondwithSafina.B.ShewasafictionalcharacterinSafina'sbook.C.SheintentionallylandedinSafina'sbackyard.D.Shewasdyingbecauseofthebrokenflightfeathers.13.WhathappenedafterSafinareleasedAlfie?A.AlfiechosetostaywithSafinaathishome.B.Theymaintainedacontinuouscommunication.C.Alfiemetmatesandraisedchicksbyherself.D.Safinakepthisdistancefromhertopreventattachment.14.WhatdidSafinaachieveinhisstudy?A.Recordingsixdifferentcallsofthescreechowl.B.Identifyingdifferenttypesofowlsbytheircalls.C.Learninghowtoreleaseowlsbackintothewild.D.Understandingpersonalitydifferencesamongowls.15.HowdidSafina'sexperiencewithAlfieimpacthim?A.Hebecamemorefocusedonexploringnature.B.Heinitiatedhiscommitmenttowildlifeconservation.C.Hedevelopedadeepappreciationforthewelfareoflivingcreatures.D.Hedecidedtoguidereaderstodistinguishbetweenrightandwrong.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了生态学家CarlSafina与一只名叫Alfie的鸣角鸮的故事，以及这段经历对他的影响。〖答案〗12.A13.B14.D15.C【12题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Overthoseextendedmonths,SafinagottoknowAlfieinwaysthatmovedandchangedhim.”（在那些漫长的月份里，萨菲纳以一种感动并改变他的方式了解了阿尔菲。）根据第三段“Thislittleowl,whowaswithmemuchlongerthanIthoughtshewouldbe,becameanindividualtomebythathistoryandallthoseinteractions.”（这只小猫头鹰，它和我在一起的时间比我想象的要长得多，通过那段历史和所有这些互动，它成为了我的一部分）可知，Safina与Alfie建立了紧密的联系。故选A。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第五段“WhenheheardAlfiecalling,Safinasaid,he'dcallbackandshe'dlandnearby.”（当他听到阿尔菲的叫声时，萨菲纳说，他会回应，她就会降落在附近。）可知，他们保持了持续的交流，故选B。【14题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第五段“TherelationshipalsoopenedawindowforSafinaontopersonalitydifferencesbetweenAlfieandhermates.”（这种关系也为萨菲纳打开了一个窗口，让他看到阿尔菲和她的伴侣之间的性格差异。）可知，Safina理解了猫头鹰之间的性格差异，故选D【15题详析】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“WhatIlearnedfromAlfieisthatallsentientbeingsseekafeelingofwell-beingandfreedomofmovement,”Safinasaid.“That'saguidetowhat'srightandwhat'swrongtome.”（我从阿尔菲那里学到的是，所有有情感的生物都寻求幸福感和自由的移动，”萨菲纳说。“这对我来说是判断对错的指南。”）可知，Safina对生物的幸福产生了深深的欣赏，故选C。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。WhocanimaginelifetodaywithoutanAutomatedTellerMachine(ATM)?Theyareavailableinconsiderablenumbersthroughouttheworld.ThefirstATMwasthebrainchildofanenterprisingTurkish-AmericaninventorLutherGeorgeSimjian.Whentheideaofanautomatedbankingmachinestruckhim,heregistered20patentsbeforeanybankagreedtogiveitatrialrun.Itiseasytoassumethattheinventorofsuchapopularmachinewaslaughingallthewaytothebank.____16____WithinsixmonthsofitsoperationinNewYorkin1939,thedevicewasremovedduetolackofcustomeracceptance.Itwasnotuntil1967,nearly30yearslater,thatBarclaysBank,inacarefullaunch,rolledoutaself-servicemachineinLondon,England,whichprovedsuccessful.____17____Thefirstcashmachinereliedoncustomers’useofprepaidtokens(代币)togetenvelopeswithafixedamountofcashinside.____18____Thebanks’principlewasseeminglycustomerservice.Butitwouldbefoolishtominimizethemanyadvantagesthatcashmachinesprovidedtothebanksthemselves.Bythelate1970s,thehighestfixedcostfortheaveragelargebankwasitsbranches.Thegreatestvariablecostandlosstoprofitswereitsstaff.Bankaccountsswiftlyrecognizedthatself-serviceoperationscouldreducebankbranchstaffcostby70percent.ExpertsquicklydeterminedthatpublicacceptanceofATMscountedonconvenience,simplicity,speed,securityandtrust.____19____Formaximumefficiency,ATMshadtobelocatednearpublictransportorinashoppingmall,notatabranch.Thebusierandmorecrowdedthelocation,obviously,thebetter.Now,roughly75percentofallcashprovidedbybankstotheircustomerscomesfromcashmachines.____20____.Publicacceptanceofdeposits(存款)bymachinewassignificantlyslowerthancustomers’usageofATMsforwithdrawals.Ingeneral,itseemsthatcustomerssometimesstillpreferandtrustanover-the-countertransaction(交易)fordeposits.A.Location,inparticular,wasakeyfactor.B.Hiscashmachine,however,didn’tprovedurable.C.Thedevicewasrelativelyprimitive,atleastbytoday’sstandards.D.However,cashmachinesposedsomeinteresting,unansweredquestions.E.Aninterestingfactorwastheissueofbio-statisticsforcustomeridentification.F.Devicesoriginallydismissedbythepublicarenowrecognizedasessentialinstitutions.G.Soonafterwards,manyotherbanksbecameadmittedlychampionsofthecashmachine.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了自动取款机(ATM)的发展历程和其在现代生活中的重要性。〖答案〗16.B17.C18.G19.A20.F【16题详析】根据上文“Itiseasytoassumethattheinventorofsuchapopularmachinewaslaughingallthewaytothebank.(人们很容易认为，这样一台受欢迎机器的发明者一定赚得盆满钵满)”和下文“WithinsixmonthsofitsoperationinNewYorkin1939,thedevicewasremovedduetolackofcustomeracceptance.(1939年，该设备在纽约运行了六个月后，由于缺乏客户接受，该设备被拆除)”可知，上下文有转折关系，B项“Hiscashmachine,however,didn’tprovedurable.(然而，他的取款机并没有经受住时间的考验)”承上启下，说明设想和现实有差距，引出下文第一台取款机的真实命运，上下文语意连贯。故选B项。【17题详析】下文“Thefirstcashmachinereliedoncustomers’useofprepaidtokens(代币)togetenvelopeswithafixedamountofcashinside.(第一台自动取款机依靠顾客使用预付代币来获得装有固定数量现金的信封)”介绍了第一台自动取款机的工作原理：用预付代币来换取现金信封，是对C项“Thedevicewasrelativelyprimitive,atleastbytoday’sstandards.(这个装置相对来说比较原始，至少以今天的标准来看是这样)”的说明，说明第一台自动取款机比较原始的工作原理，上下文语意连贯。故选C项。【18题详析】下文“Thebanks’principlewasseeminglycustomerservice.Butitwouldbefoolishtominimizethemanyadvantagesthatcashmachinesprovidedtothebanksthemselves.Bythelate1970s,thehighestfixedcostfortheaveragelargebankwasitsbranches.Thegreatestvariablecostandlosstoprofitswereitsstaff.Bankaccountsswiftlyrecognizedthatself-serviceoperationscouldreducebankbranchstaffcostby70percent.(银行的原则似乎是客户服务。但是，低估自动取款机给银行自身带来的诸多好处是愚蠢的。到20世纪70年代末，大型银行的平均固定成本最高的是其分支机构。最大的可变成本和利润损失是它的员工。银行账户很快意识到，自助服务可以将银行分行的员工成本降低70%)”说明了自动取款机给银行带来的诸多好处，解释了G项“Soonafterwards,manyotherbanksbecameadmittedlychampionsofthecashmachine.(不久之后，许多其他银行成为公认的自动提款机的拥护者)”中描述的这一现象，许多银行为了获益开始使用自动提款机，上下文语意连贯。故选G项。【19题详析】下文“Formaximumefficiency,ATMshadtobelocatednearpublictransportorinashoppingmall,notatabranch.Thebusierandmorecrowdedthelocation,obviously,thebetter.(为了最大限度地提高效率，自动取款机必须设在公共交通附近或购物中心，而不是在分行。显然，地点越繁忙、越拥挤越好)”指出自动取款机需要设在公共交通附近或购物中心，是对A项“Location,inparticular,wasakeyfactor.(尤其是地理位置，是一个关键因素)”的举例说明，说明地理位置的重要作用。故选A项。【20题详析】上文“Now,roughly75percentofallcashprovidedbybankstotheircustomerscomesfromcashmachines.(现在，银行提供给客户的现金中，大约75%来自自动取款机)”谈及自动取款机的普及和广泛使用，F项“Devicesoriginallydismissedbythepublicarenowrecognizedasessentialinstitutions.(最初被公众忽视的设备现在被认为是不可或缺的设施)”承接上文，总结自动取款机命运的变化，上下文语意连贯。故选F项。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。MyfriendshipwiththestudentsinaprimaryschoolinUgandastartedonashakyground.The____21____ofnotbeingunderstoodwashiddenwithin,fortheyspokealanguagedifferentfromthatofmineandminetoofellon____22____ears.Igreetedthemwithabroadsmile,andtheyrepliedwithicecold____23____whenIspokefurther.A____24____echoed(回响)inmymind:youmustlivethroughittogettothem.SoIgaveitanothertry.Ispoke____25____Englishwithhandgesturesandabitofdancing.Ifallfailed,thesmilewould____26____.Soonwepickedupandthenthe___27___ofthelearnerscameintoplay.Atthementionofaname,reddishcheeksandshakingvoicesweretheresponseIgot.Idecidedto____28____adeskwithateameachdayduringgroupworktogetcloser.Afterschool,I____29____themhome.____30____,webecamefriends.Theywereevenawareofmyfavoritefruit,avocado(牛油果).IfIdidn’tgetoneonmydesk,itwould____31____mewhereverIwas.Myslipperswere____32____.OnenightIleftthemoutasnoonecouldstealapairofslippersinthatstate.Thenextmorning,IwasreadytodragmyslippersonasusualandIwassurprisedtheyhadbeen____33____.Wow!Thelittlethingswedoforeachotherbringusgreatjoyand____34____.Wedon’thaveaproperspokenlanguage,butwearefluentinthelanguageof____35____.21.A.anger B.fear C.desire D.belief22.A.sharp B.all C.long D.deaf23.A.silence B.blame C.comment D.agreement24.A.puzzle B.doubt C.reminder D.relief25.A.official B.simple C.academic D.unusual26.A.turnout B.breakoff C.dieaway D.takeover27.A.laziness B.shyness C.loneliness D.calmness28.A.share B.clear C.search D.exchange29.A.prevented B.forced C.accompanied D.allowed30.A.Suddenly B.Gradually C.Accidentally D.Obviously31.A.miss B.leave C.refuse D.find32.A.wornout B.putout C.madeout D.carriedout33.A.packed B.cleaned C.abandoned D.repaired34.A.freedom B.chance C.warmth D.challenge35.A.friendship B.admiration C.sympathy D.confidence【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者和乌干达一所小学的学生们的友谊开始时并不稳固。不被理解的恐惧隐藏在内心，因为他们说的语言和作者说的不同，而作者的语言也没人听。但是，随着时间的发展，他们最终在友谊的语言上交流很流利。〖答案〗21.B22.D23.A24.C25.B26.D27.B28.A29.C30.B31.D32.A33.D34.C35.A【21题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：不被理解的恐惧隐藏在内心，因为他们说的语言和我说的不同，我的语言也被置若罔闻。A.anger愤怒；B.fear恐惧；C.desire愿望；D.belief信仰。根据下文“fortheyspokealanguagedifferentfrom”可知，因为他们说的语言和作者说的不同，双方都听不懂对方的话，作者把不被理解的恐惧隐藏在内心。故选B项。【22题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上题。A.sharp锋利的；B.all全部的；C.long长的；D.deaf聋的。根据上文“fortheyspokealanguagedifferentfromthatofmine”可知，双方都听不懂对方的话，deafears表“置若罔闻”，符合句意。故选D项。【23题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我用灿烂的微笑迎接他们，当我继续说话时，他们以冰冷的沉默回应我。A.silence沉默；B.blame责备；C.comment评论；D.agreement赞同。根据上文“Theofnotbeingunderstoodwashiddenwithin(不被理解的恐惧隐藏在内心)”和“icecold”可推知，此处为当作者继续说话时，孩子们无法理解，所以以冰冷的沉默回应。故选A项。【24题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：一个提醒在我脑海中回响：你必须经历它才能到达他们的内心。A.puzzle令人费解的事；B.doubt怀疑；C.reminder提醒物；D.relief救济，宽慰。根据下文“youmustlivethroughittogettothem”可知，这里指一个想法一直提醒着作者。故选C项。【25题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我说简单的英语，用手势和一点舞蹈。A.official官方的；B.simple简单的；C.academic学术的；D.unusual不寻常的。根据上文“SoIgaveitanothertry(所以我又试了一次)”可推知，此处表示作者说简单的英语来让孩子们理解。故选B项。【26题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：如果一切都失败了，微笑会取代一切。A.turnout结果是；B.breakoff中断；C.dieaway逐渐消失；D.takeover接管，取代。根据上文“Ifallfailed”可推知，此处表示如果一切都失败了，微笑会取代一切，因为微笑没有国界，是最好的肢体语言。故选D项。【27题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：很快我们就学会了，然后学习者的害羞就发挥了作用。A.laziness懒惰；B.shyness害羞；C.loneliness孤独；D.calmness镇静。根据下文“Atthementionofaname,reddishcheeksandshakingvoicesweretheresponseIgot(一提到名字，我得到的反应就是脸颊泛红，声音颤抖)”可知，这里指学习者的害羞。故选B项。【28题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我决定在小组工作期间每天和一个团队共用一张桌子，以便更接近他们。A.share共享；B.clear清除，清理；C.search搜寻；D.exchange交换。根据下文“togetcloser”可知，此处为作者决定和一个团队分享一张桌子从而更接近他们。故选A项。【29题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：放学后，我陪伴他们回家。A.prevented阻止；B.forced逼迫；C.accompanied陪伴；D.allowed允许。根据上文“Idecidedtoadeskwithateameachdayduringgroupworktogetcloser.”可知，作者为了能够接近学生们，除了和学生们共用一张桌子，放学后还要陪学生回家。故选C项。【30题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：渐渐地，我们成了朋友。A.Suddenly突然；B.Gradually渐渐地；C.Accidentally偶然地；D.Obviously明显地。根据上文“Idecidedtoadeskwithateameachdayduringgroupworktogetcloser.”可推知，此处为是作者“破冰”行动后的结果：渐渐地，他们成了朋友。故选B项。【31题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我桌上没有牛油果，不管我在哪里，他们都会找到我给我送牛油果。A.miss错过，想念；B.leave离开，留下；C.refuse拒绝；D.find找到。根据上文“IfIdidn’tgetoneonmydesk”以及语境可知，这里指学生们一定要找到作者，把牛油果送给作者。故选D项。【32题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我的拖鞋已经破旧了。A.wornout穿破；B.putout扑灭；C.madeout辨认出，看出，理解；D.carriedout实施。根据下文“OnenightIleftthemoutasnoonecouldstealapairofslippersinthatstate.(一天晚上，我把它们放在一边，因为没有人会偷一双那样状况的拖鞋)”可知，这里指作者的拖鞋是穿破了。故选A项。【33题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二天早上，我准备像往常一样穿上拖鞋，但令我惊讶的是，它们已经修补好了。A.packed包装；B.cleaned清洁；C.abandoned抛弃；D.repaired修理。根据上文“Myslipperswere.OnenightIleftthemoutasnoonecouldstealapairofslippersinthatstate.(我的拖鞋已经破旧了。一天晚上，我把它们放在一边，因为没有人会偷一双那样状况的拖鞋)”以及此处的惊讶可推知，这里指拖鞋已经修补好了。故选D项。【34题详