高考英语一轮复习讲义（课前基础导练+课堂互动探究+课后知能提升）Unit 1 Great scientists 新人教版必修5

Unit1Greatscientists晨背三部曲（话题：兴趣与爱好）满分佳作(·江西高考)某英文报社举办以“ILikeReading”为主题的征文活动，你打算投稿。请根据以下要点写一篇短文：1．你为什么喜欢读书；2．你喜欢哪一类的书(例如：历史、科学、文学等)？请给出至少两个理由。ILikeReadingReadingismyfavoritehobby.Icanneverstoptheloveforreadingbecausebooksarelike①wiseteachersaswellasgoodfriendsinmylife.Asweallknow,booksarethesourceofknowledge.Ibenefitagreatdealfromreading.Thereareavarietyofbooksforustochoosefrom,likehistorybooks,sciencebooks,literarybooksandsoon.But②whatinterestsmemostisliterarybooks,especiallythosebyfamouswriters.Foronething,theyhelptoimprovemywritingskillsandbroadenmyhorizons.Foranother,theycanenrichmylifeandprovidemewithgreatfun.Isn'titapleasuretohavegreatcalminmindwhileyouarereading?热身体验句式仿写1．Icanneverstoptheloveforreadingbecausebooksarelikewiseteachersaswellasgoodfriendsinmylife.→Sheshares(in)my_troubles_as_well_as_my_joys(同甘共苦)．2．Butwhatinterestsmemostisliterarybooks,especiallythosebyfamouswriters.→What_you_said_just_now(你刚才所说的)isveryimportant.Ⅰ.词海拾贝基础记忆1．analysevt.分析2．defeatvt.打败；战胜；使受挫n.失败3．attendvt.照顾；护理；出席；参加4．curen.治愈；痊愈vt.治愈；治疗5．challengen.挑战vt.向……挑战6．suspectvt.认为；怀疑n.被怀疑者；嫌疑犯7．blamevt.责备；谴责n.过失；责备8．handlen.柄；把手vt.处理；操纵9．linkvt.&n10．concludevt.&vi.结束；推断出→conclusionn11．exposevt.暴露；揭露；使曝光→exposedadj.无遮蔽的；无保护的；风险高的12．pollutevt.污染；弄脏→pollutionn．污染13．announcevt.宣布；通告→announcementn．通知；宣告→announcern．播音员；广播员14．constructvt.建设；修建→constructionn．建设；建筑物15．contributevt.&vi.捐献；贡献；捐助→contributionn16．rejectvt.拒绝；不接受；抛弃→rejectionn．拒绝；抛弃语境记忆17．Itwasconcludedthathedidn'ttellusthetruth.Icametotheconclusionthathewaslying.(conclude)18．Theworkersareconstructingthebridgedamagedbytheflood,andthebridgeunderconstructionconnectstheroadwiththetown.(construct)19．Thefamousstarhascontributedalotofmoneytotheschoolandhasmadeagreatcontributiontothebuildingoftheschool.(contribute)20．Theannouncermadeanannouncementthatallthedetailsshouldbeannouncedthroughthebroadcast.(announce)篇章记忆Whentheconstructioncametothestageofpainting,someworkersweredefeatedbyaseveredisease.Anexpertwascalledintohandlethiscase.Hewasenthusiastic,buthedidn'tforeseethatitwasahardchallenge.Aftersimpleenquiry,heannouncedthatthepaintwastoblame.Butwithoutpositiveevidence,peoplesuspectedandrejectedhisview.Heabsorbedhimselftothecase,andanalysedthedatacautiously.Finally,heprovedhewasright.Ⅱ.短语互译1.提出put_forward2．得出结论draw_a_conclusion3．使显露；暴露expose_..._to4．讲得通；有意义make_sense5．面对挑战face_a_challenge6．link...to...将……和……联系或连接起来7．apartfrom除……之外；此外8．(be)strictwith...对……严格的9．betoblame应受谴责10．leadto导致Ⅲ.句型一览1.neither...nor...既不……也不……Neitheritscausenor(既不……也不……)itscurewasunderstood.2．everytime引导的时间状语从句Somanythousandsofterrifiedpeoplediedevery_time_there_was_an_outbreak(每次爆发时)．3．“only＋状语从句”置于句首，主句使用部分倒装Only_if_you_put_the_sun_there(只有把太阳放在那里)didthemovementsoftheotherplanetsintheskymakesense.Ⅳ.语法自测——过去分词作定语或表语完成句子1．Beforeusliesthebiggestroom,filled_with_thingslikeguns,dollsandoldclothes.(fill)我们面前是最大的房间，里面装满了枪支、玩偶和旧衣服之类的东西。2．Haveyoueverconsideredhowweakhumansarecompared_with/toavolcano,hurricaneorearthquake？(compare)你曾想到过吗，与火山、飓风或地震相比，人类是多么的渺小？3．Jasonisofteneducatedbyhisparentstobefriendlytoothersevenif(he_is)_treated_unfairly.(treat)Jason的父母经常教育他对人要友善，即使是受到了不公正对待。4．Itwasthefarmeraswellashistwosonswho/that_was_suspected_of_stealingthepreciousstonefromtheancienttomb.(suspect)正是那个农民及他的两个儿子被怀疑偷盗了那座古墓中的宝石。1.concludevt.&vi.结束；推断出(1)concludeeq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(sth.fromsth.,fromsth.that...))根据某事推断出……concludesth.eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(withsth.,bydoingsth.))以……结束(2)conclusionn.结论arriveat/cometo/reach/drawaconclusion(theconclusionthat...)得出结论inconclusion总而言之jump/leaptoconclusions匆忙下结论①Heconcludedfromtheirremarksthattheywerenotinfavouroftheplan.他从他们的话语中推断出他们不赞同此项计划。②Inconclusion,peoplearoundtheworldshouldbeawareoftherealsituationofwaterresources.(福建书面表达)总之，全世界的人们都应该意识到水资源的真实现状。【联想发散】表示“总而言之”的其他表达：in_short,_in_brief,_in_a_word,_all_in_all,_to_sum_up,_briefly_(speaking),_on_the_whole,_in_a_nutshell等。【对点练习】一句多译他们得出结论：它是不明飞行物。①They_concluded_thatitwasaUFO.(conclude)②They_reached/drew_the_conclusionthatitwasaUFO.(conclusion)③Theconclusionthey_arrived_at/came_to/drewwasthatitwasaUFO.【真题印证】④(·浙江高考)Whenthegroupdiscussionisnearingitsend,makesureto________itwithimportantpoints.A．concludeB．leadC．avoidD．hold解析：选A考查动词词义辨析。句意：当小组讨论即将结束的时候，要确保以要点来总结讨论内容。conclude“得出结论，做出总结”，符合句意。lead“带路”；avoid“避免”；hold“容纳”。2.attendvt.出席；参加；照顾；护理；注意vi.专心；留意attendameeting/alecture/awedding/school/church/aninterview参加会议/听演讲/参加婚礼/上学/做礼拜/参加面试attendon/uponsb.伺候某人；照顾某人attendto处理；倾听；专心于；照料①Oneday,hegatheredupallhisstrengthanddecidedtoattendajobinterview.(·山东阅读A)一天，他积攒了所有的勇气，决定去参加一个招聘面试。②ThatholidaymorningIdidn'thavetoattendschool.(·江西完形)那个假期的早晨，我不必去上学。【对点练习】用attend的相关短语完成下列句子①她伺候生病的婆婆三十多年，受到人们的称赞。Shewaspraisedforhavingattended_on/uponhersickmother­in­lawforoverthirtyyears.②今晚我不能与你一起外出，因为我有一件急事要处理。Ican'tgooutwithyoutonightbecauseIhaveanurgentthingtoattend_to.3.exposevt.暴露；揭露；使曝光；使面临(1)expose...to...使显露；暴露(2)exposedadj.暴露的；暴露于风雨中的；无掩蔽的beexposedto...暴露于……①Wewanttoexposethekidstoartandcultureasmuchaspossible.我们想让孩子们尽可能多地受到艺术和文化的熏陶。②However,itisimportanttobeawareofthesedangersbecauseeveryoneisexposedtoairpollutionregardlessoflifestylechoices.(·陕西阅读C)然而，意识到这些危险是很重要的，因为不管你选择什么样的生活方式，每个人都处于空气污染之中。【关键一点】expose...to...结构中的to为介词，其后需用名词、代词、动词­ing形式作宾语；expose后若无宾语，则常常使用它的被动形式。Takecarenottokeepyourchildrenexposedtothebadbooks,netandmagazines.当心不要让孩子接触不良书籍、网络和杂志。【轻松识记】【对点练习】Ⅰ.完成句子①Takecarenottokeep_your_children_exposed_tothebadbooksandmagazines.(expose)当心不要让孩子接触不良书籍和杂志。②Being_exposed_tosunlightfortoomuchtimewilldoharmtoyourskin.(expose)暴露在阳光下太久对皮肤有伤害。Ⅱ.句式升级③If_exposed_to_sunlight_for_too_much_time,_you_will_get_sun­_burnt.(用省略句改写练习②)4.curen．治愈；痊愈vt.治愈；治疗①Medicaldrugssometimescausemoredamagethantheycure.(·江苏阅读C)药物有时是“致病”而非“治病”。(1)acurefor...治疗……病的方法(2)curesb.ofsth.治好/矫正某人的……②Thebookisaneasy­to­readcollectionofpoemsoriginallywrittentobeacureforchronicdepression.(·陕西阅读A改编)本书是一部通俗易懂的诗集，最初的目的是用来治疗慢性抑郁症。③Thesongcuredherofherbrokenheart.这首歌曲让她那颗已经伤透的心好起来。【联想发散】常见“动词＋sb.ofsth.”短语还有：①accusesb.ofsth.指控某人某事②informsb.ofsth.通知某人某事③cheatsb.ofsth.欺骗某人的某物④suspectsb.of(doing)sth.怀疑某人(做过)某事⑤remindsb.ofsth.使某人想起某事；提醒某人某事⑥robsb.ofsth.抢某人的某物⑦warnsb.ofsth.警告某人某事⑧persuade/convincesb.ofsth.使某人相信某事【个性比较】cure,treatcure“治疗，治愈”。多用于药物治疗，并治愈某种疾病或改正不良习惯。常用于curesb.ofsth.结构中treat指治疗病人的全过程或活动，并不涉及“治愈”这个结果。常用于treatsb.forsth.结构中【对点练习】选词填空(cure/treat)①Thedoctortreatedherforherheartattackwithanewmedicine,butdidn'tcureherofthedisease.②Thiswillcurehimofhisbadhabit.5.absorbvt.吸收；吸引；使专心；并入；吞并①FransoisEnglertandPeterHiggs,theNobelPrizewinnersinPhysicsinhaveabsorbedmanyexperts'attention.两位年诺贝尔物理学奖得主佛朗索瓦·恩格勒和彼得·希格斯引起了许多专家的注意。②Look,thethreeastronautsabsorbthemselvesintheexperimentinTiangong­1.看，这三位航天员正在天宫一号里专心做实验。【轻松识记】【对点练习】Ⅰ.完成句子①Withthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,thesurroundingvillageshave_been_absorbedbythegrowingcity.(absorb)随着科技的发展，附近的村庄已被快速发展的城市吞并了。②Itwashisattractivevoicethat_absorbed_many_experts'_attention.(absorb)正是他有吸引力的声音吸引了许多专家的注意。Ⅱ.一句多译③汤姆专心于工作，忘记通知她这件事。③－1Tomwas_so_absorbed_inhisworkthatheforgottoinformherofit.③－2Absorbed_inhiswork,heforgottoinformherofit.6.blamevt.责备；谴责；把……归咎于n．过失；责备①Insteadofblamingeachother,weshouldcommunicatemoreandputourselvesinothers'place.(·江苏书面表达)我们应该多交流，换位思考而不是相互责怪。(1)blamesb.forsth.因某事而责备某人blamesth.onsb.把某事怪到某人头上betoblame应受责备；应负责任(常用主动形式表示被动意义)(2)get/accept/bear/taketheblamefor...对……负责lay/puttheblameforsth.onsb.把某事归咎于某人身上②Intermsofthisseveretrafficaccident,thepolicehadfiguredoutthecauseofthecaseanditwasthedriveroflorrythatshouldbetoblame.针对这起严重的交通事故，警方已经查明事情的起因，是那位卡车司机应为此事负责。③Iamreadytotaketheblameforthemistake.我准备承担这一错误的责任。【对点练习】完成句子①Jeremyratherthanhisfriends_is_to_blame_fortheaccident.Heshouldn'thavedrivenafterbeingdrunk.(blame)是杰里米而不是他的朋友们应对这次事故负责。他本不该酒后驾车。②Blamed_forthebreakdownoftheschoolcomputernetwork,Alicewasinlowspirits.(blame)Alice因为学校电脑网络故障被责备，情绪很低落。③Mr.Greenstoodupindefenceofthegirl,sayingthatshewasnotthe_one_to_blame.(blame)格林先生站了出来保护那个女孩，并且说她不是应该受责备的人。7.contributevt.&vi.捐款；贡献；捐助；导致；投稿(1)contribute...to...把……捐献给……；给……投稿contributeto为……作出贡献；有助于；导致(2)contributionn.捐款；贡献makeacontribution/contributionsto对……作出贡献①Becauseshecontributedtosavingthewounded.(·陕西阅读B)因为她为挽救伤员作出了贡献。②Participatinginthecontestwillbeagoldenchanceformetoshowmydancingskillsandmakesomecontributionstotheclass.(上海书面表达)参加比赛对我来说是一次难得的展示我的舞蹈才能的好机会，并对班级作出贡献。【轻松识记】【对点练习】根据英汉提示完成小片段许多好心人给那个可怜的男孩捐款，使他可以重返校园。一位作家写了一篇关于此事的文章并把它投稿到当地报社。Manykindpeoplecontributed_money_tothepoorboy,whichcontributed_tohisreturningtoschool.Awriterwroteanarticleaboutthisandcontributed_it_toanarticlepress.8.putforward提出(建议)；推荐；将……提前；将(钟表等)向前拨①ItendtoacceptanyideaputforwardbyexpertsonTV.(·湖北完形)我乐于接受由电视上的专家提出的任何观点。putupwith忍受；容忍putaside不理睬；储蓄putaway把……收起来；储蓄putoff推迟；延期putout熄灭；出版；生产putup举起；张贴；建造；为……提供住宿②Ican'tputupwiththeirsmokingintheofficeanylonger.我再也不能容忍他们在办公室里吸烟了。③Believingmynovelcouldnotbepublished,Iputitaside.我认为我的小说不会出版，就把它放到了一边。④Anoticewasputupinordertoremindthestudentsofthechangedlecturetime.(陕西高考)为了提醒同学们演讲的时间有变，有人张贴了一则通知。【对点练习】写出下列句中putforward的含义①Mostpeoplepresentatthemeetingdon'tsupportthenewly­changedplanputforwardbythecommittee.提出②I'llputyouforwardasacandidate.推荐③Yououghttoputyourwatchforwardbytenminutes.拨快④Theyhaveputforwardthedateoftheirweddingbyoneweek.提前【真题印证】⑤(·全国卷Ⅰ)Maryisreallygoodattakingnotesinclass.Shecan________almosteverywordherteachersays.A．putoutB．putdownC．putawayD．puttogether解析：选B考查动词短语辨析。后句句意：她几乎能把老师说的每句话都记下来。putdown“写下；记下”，符合句意。9.apartfrom除……之外；此外①Apartfromthem,Ihadnoonetotalkto.除他们之外，我找不到和我说话的人。②Apartfromthecost,itwilltakealotoftime.除了花钱之外，它还需要花费很多时间。【个性比较】apartfrom,besides,except,exceptforapartfrom具有多重意义，既可代替besides，也可代替except或exceptforbesides“除了……之外(还有)”，即把除去的部分也包括在整体之内except“除了……之外”，表示在整体中减去一部分，除去的部分不包括在整体之内exceptfor其后所跟的词往往与前面的不属于同一类，是指整体中除去的一个细节或某一方面【对点练习】选词填空(exceptfor/except/apartfrom/besides)①Apart_from/Except_forsomespellingmistakes,thecompositionisfairlygood.②Except_for/Apart_fromthekitchen,thehouseisverynice.③Swimmingisaveryusefulskillbesides/apart_frombeingfunandgoodexercise.④I'vefinishedexceptthelastquestion.【真题印证】⑤(·福建高考)________goodservice,therestaurantoffersdifferentkindsoftraditionalFujiandishes.A．FarfromB．ApartfromC．InsteadofD．Regardlessof解析：选B考查介词短语辨析。句意：除了优质的服务外，这家饭店还提供不同种类的传统闽南菜。apartfrom“除……以外”，符合句意。farfrom“远离；远非”；insteadof“代替；而不是”；regardlessof“不管；不顾”。10.makesense有意义；有道理；讲得通①Jitterbughasplansthatmakesense.(·福建阅读C)吉特巴有一套讲得通的计划。②Itmakessensetoworkontheproblembeforeitgetsoutofcontrol.在失控前致力于解决这个问题，这么做是明智的。makesenseof理解；明白makenosense没道理；没意义inasense在某一方面；就某种意义来说innosense决不(置于句首时常用部分倒装)thereisnosenseindoingsth.做某事没有意义③Planningsofaraheadmakesnosense—somanythingswillhavechangedbynextyear.提前这么久做计划没有意义——到第二年许多事情都会发生变化。④AsfarasI'mconcerned,thereisnosenseingettingupsetaboutitnow.就我而言，现在为此事苦恼是没有意义的。【对点练习】用sense的相关短语填空eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(①Thesentencedidn'tmakesense.,②CanyoumakesenseofthewordsbytheIndianboy？))eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(③Whatshesaysistrueinasense，butnotalways.,④Innosensecanyoulietoyourparents.))eq\o(\s\up7(),\s\do5(11.defeat/challenge/announce/reject))①defeatvt.打败；战胜；使受挫n.失败②challengen.挑战vt.向……挑战facea/thechallenge面对挑战accept/takeupa/thechallenge接受挑战challengesb.(todosth.)向某人挑战(做某事)③announcevt.宣布；通告指对公众或特定人群宣布，常指感兴趣的事。④rejectvt.拒绝；不接受；抛弃【对点练习】结合以上词汇完成下列句子①我们最终以10分的优势成功战胜了他们队。Wefinallysucceededindefeating_their_teamby10points.②缩小贫富差距是政府面临的主要挑战之一。Reducingthegapbetweentherichandpoorisoneofthemainchallengesthe_government_faces.③激烈的讨论后，主席开始宣布投票结果。Afterthehotdiscussion,thechairmanbegantoannounce_the_result_of_the_vote.④由于他的请求遭到拒绝，他感到很沮丧。Hewasletdown,forhisrequestwas_rejected.1.Neitheritscausenoritscurewasunderstood.人们既不知道它的病原，也不了解它的治疗方法。【句型透视】(1)neither...nor...“既不……也不……”，连接句中两个相同的句子成分。连接主语时，谓语动词遵循就近一致原则。Tobehonest,Ihaveneithertimenormoneyfortheball.老实说，我既没有时间也没有金钱参加舞会。Neitherthefathernorthechildrenareinterestedinthefilm.父亲和孩子们对这部电影都不感兴趣。(2)遵循就近一致原则的其他并列连词：either...or...不是……就是……notonly...butalso...不仅……而且……not...but...不是……而是……Eitheryouoroneofyourstudentsistoattendthemeetingthatisduetomorrow.要么是你或者你的一名学生应该出席明天的会议。Notthepassengersbutthedriverwastoblame.不是乘客而是司机应该受到责备。【对点练习】完成句子①Unfortunately,notonlywas_the_equipment_difficult_to_operate,_butalsoitcostthemmoremoneythantheyhadexpectedbefore.(operate)可惜，这种设备不仅操作困难，而且比他们原先预料的更费钱。②Forawholeweekonlytwopeoplecametolookatthehouse,neither_of_whom_left/neither_leavingmoneyasadeposit.(leave)一周以来，只有两个人来看房子，两个人都没有留下点钱作为订金。2.Somanythousandsofterrifiedpeoplediedevery_timetherewasanoutbreak.每次暴发(霍乱)时，都有成千上万惊恐的人病死。【句型透视】(1)everytime引导时间状语从句，相当于whenever，表示“每当……”。NowitseemsthateverytimeIcheckmye­mail,Ihaveanendlessseriesofadvertisements.现在好像每次我查看邮件，都会收到大量的广告。(2)名词短语作连词，用来引导时间状语从句的还有：eachtime每当……的时候nexttime下次……时the＋序数词＋time第……次the＋瞬间名词(moment/minute/instant)一……就……IfellinlovewithYosemiteNationalParkthefirsttimeIsawit,whenIwas13.(·天津完形)在我13岁时，第一次看到优胜美地国家公园时就爱上了它。ThemomentIsawhim,Iknewwhathadhappened.见到他的那一刻，我就知道发生了什么事。(3)有些副词如directly,instantly,immediately也可以引导时间状语从句，意为“一……就……”。Hepaidbackthemoneyheowedusimmediatelyhereturnedhome.他一回到家就把欠我们的钱还上了。【对点练习】完成句子①Ithinkofthehappyhourswespenttogetherevery_time_I_see_these_photos.(time)每次看到这些照片，我都会想起我们一起度过的美好时光。②Allthelightswillbeonthe_moment_you_press_the_switch.(moment)你一按开关，所有的灯就会亮。Ⅰ.单词拼写1．Weconcluded(总结)thatweshouldclosethewindowandlockthedoorintime.2．You'vefailedtofinishthehomeworkandI'mafraidtheteacherwillblame(责备)you.3．Thenewbridgewilllink(连接)theislandtothemainland.4．Recently,IflewtoLasVegastoattend(参加)ameeting.5．Mostcustomersweresatisfiedwiththewaytheircomplaintswerehandled(处理)．6．Iacceptedachallenge(挑战)toatennismatch.7．Isuspected(怀疑)thechildoflyingfromhisnervouslookonhisface.8．Ithasbeenannounced(宣布)thattheywillgetmarriednextmonth.9．Ourteacheroftentellsusthattakingexercisecontributes(有助于)togoodhealth.10．Itwassuchaninterestingstorythatallthestudentsintheclassroomwasabsorbed(专心于)init.Ⅱ.选词填空makesense,putforward,curesb.of,attendto,everytime,expose…to…,contributeto,taketheblamefor1．Hedidnotwanttoexposehisfearsandinsecuritytoanyone.2．Ourcarelessnesscontributed_tosomecasesinrecentdays.3．Apartfromthis，wealsoput_forward_severalsuggestions.4．Thosesuggestionsreallymade_senseincuringusofourbadhabits.5．Everyoneshouldtake_the_blame_forourcommunity.6．Theteachercured_him_ofhisbadhabits,andhemadegreatprogressinstudy.7．Whenheheardaboutthematter,heofferedtoattend_toit.8．Every_timeImentiontheperson,mysonlooksatmewithadmiration.Ⅲ.根据汉语提示，选用练习Ⅰ、Ⅱ中的句子，加入适当过渡词后联句成篇1．最近，我们的粗心导致了几起案件。2．我们从中得出结论：要及时关窗、锁门。3．除了这些，我们还提出几条建议。4．这些建议对于改正我们的不良习惯很有意义。5．总之，每个人都应该对我们的社区负责。Ourcarelessnesscontributedtosomecasesinrecentdays,fromwhichweconcludedthatweshouldclosethewindowandlockthedoorintime.Apartfromthese,wealsoputforwardseveralsuggestions,whichreallymadesenseincuringusofourbadhabits.Inconclusion,everyoneshouldtaketheblameforourcommunity.Ⅰ.多项选择1．(·襄阳调研)Theyoungman________regularlytothemagazineTheTimes,whichmakeshimapopularwriteramongthereaders.A．attendedB．devotedC．appealedD．contributed解析：选D句意：这位年轻人定期给《泰晤士报》投稿，这使得他成为受读者欢迎的一位作家。contributeto除了意为“贡献；有利于；导致”之外，还有“向……投稿”的意思，符合语境。2．Wehavecometothe________thatitwouldbeunwisetoaccepthisidea.A．suggestionB．conclusionC．planD．promise解析：选B句意：我们得出结论：接受他的想法非明智之举。cometotheconclusion“得出结论”，符合句意。suggestion“建议”；plan“计划”；promise“诺言”。3．Familyviolenceagainstwomenhasn'tcausedwidespreadconcernbecauseitisnottheChinesetraditionto________thefamilyconflictstooutsiders.A．expressB．exposeC．inquireD．distribute解析：选B句意：针对妇女的家庭暴力还没有引起足够的重视，因为把家庭矛盾暴露给外人不是中国的传统。express“表达”；expose“暴露”；inquire“询问”；distribute“分布”。4．(·襄阳八中模拟)Theseresultsare________withthefindingsofthepreviousstudy,showingthatthereisacloselinkbetweenthepollutedwaterandcholera.A．familiarB．popularC．consistentD．content解析：选C句意：结果与先前的研究发现相一致，表明污水与霍乱有密切的联系。consistent“一致的”，符合句意。5．(·湖北襄阳高三调研)Seeingadogsuddenlyappearingontheroad,thedriverturnedthesteeringwheel________toavoidhittingit.A．randomlyB．sharplyC．severelyD．cautiously解析：选B句意：看到一条狗突然出现在路上，司机迅速转动方向盘，以免撞上那条狗。这里用sharply，表示“迅速地；突然地”。randomly“随意地”；severely“严重地”；cautiously“小心地；谨慎地”。6．Reducingthegapbetweentherichandthepoorisoneofthemain________facingthegovernment.A．difficultiesB．challengesC．problemsD．conflicts解析：选B句意：缩小贫富之间的差距是这届政府面临的主要挑战之一。challenge“挑战”，符合句意。difficulty“困难”；problem“问题”；conflict“矛盾；冲突”。7．(·湖北鄂西示范校高三质检)Inordernottobedesertedbythesociety,nomatterwhoweare,wemust________thecallofthetimes.A．leadtoB．respondtoC．relatetoD．referto解析：选B句意：为了不被社会淘汰，无论我们是谁，都应该响应时代的号召。respondto“响应”，符合句意。leadto“导致”；relateto“涉及”；referto“指的是”。8．I'mafraidIwouldn'tliketojoinyouinthegame,forIhavesomethingimportantto________.A．reacttoB．attendtoC．attachtoD．adaptto解析：选B句意：我恐怕不能加入你们的活动，因为我还有重要的事情料理。attendtosb./sth.＝givepracticalconsiderationtosb./sth.“照顾、关照某人/某事物”。9．Thegovernmentcalledonusto________somethingtothosesufferingintheflood.A．constructB．connectC．contributeD．collect解析：选C句意：政府号召我们为那些在洪灾区受苦的人们捐献点什么。contribute...to...“向……捐献……”，符合句意。10．Justtakeiteasy！Nothingserious.Takethemedicineaccordingtothe________，andyou'llgetbettersoon.A．introductionsB．explanationsC．suggestionsD．instructions解析：选D句意：别急！没什么严重的。按照说明书服药，不久你就会好的。instructions“用法说明；操作指南”，符合句意。introduction“介绍；引进”；explanation“解释”；suggestion“建议”。Ⅱ.完成句子1．The_moment_he_moved,_theboatbegantorockfromsidetoside.(moment)他一动，这艘船就开始两边摇晃。2．It_makes_no_sense/It_doesn't_make_any_sensewhetheryoumakepeacewiththemornot.Forus,theyarealwaysadeadlythreat.(make)你们是否与他们讲和毫无意义。对我们而言，他们总是一种致命的威胁。3．Thesetreescould_have_grownastallasmorethanfivemetres,butwhyaretheystillsoshortnow?(grow)这些树本来能长5米高的，可为什么它们现在还那么矮？4．Wewerealldisappointedatthenewsthat_their_team_had_been_defeatedinthegame.(defeat)听到他们队在比赛中被打败的消息，我们大家都感到失望。5．Theterribledisease,ifnot_handled_in_time,_asyouknow,willspreadquickly,causingmanymoredeaths.(handle)这种可怕的疾病，如果不及时处理，正如你所知的，将会迅速扩展，导致更多人死亡。6．Mr.Greenstoodupindefenceofthe16­year­oldboy,sayingthathewasnottheonewho_was_to_blame_fortheaccident.(blame)格林先生站起来为那个十六岁的男孩辩护，说那个男孩不该为这起事故负责。7．Thefilmbroughtthehoursbacktomewhen_I_was_well_attendedinthatfar­awayvillage.(attend)电影把我带回了我在那个遥远的村庄得到很好照顾的时光。8．Sodifficultaquestiondid_he_put_forward_thatnobodypresentatthemeetingcouldcomeupwithasolutiontoit.(put)他提出的问题如此之难以至于与会人员没有一个人能提出解决方案。9．Notuntilthescientistdidtheinvestigationsforalongtimedid_he_conclude_thatthepollutedairwasthecauseofthedisease.(conclude)调查了好长时间，这名科学家才下结论说是受污染的空气导致了这种疾病的产生。10．Itwasnotuntilthreeyearsagothat_I_began_to_suspectthathewasaspy.(suspect)直到三年前我才开始怀疑他是一名间谍。Ⅲ.完形填空Mychildhasalwayslikedwater.Evenasababy,shelikedtokickinthebathandwas__1__bywaterfalls.Sowejust__2__thatshewouldlovethecommunitypool.Butwhenwetookhertothepool,shewas__3__.Shewouldwatchotherkidssplashing(泼水)andhavingfunbut__4__wetookherwithinyardsofit,shescreamed,clungtous,andsaid__5__.Becauseofthis,wecouldhave__6__thatthisyearisnotthetimeforhertostartgoingtothepool.Butthatwouldjust__7__herthatthepoolreallyisascaryplace.__8__，webroughtthepooltoher.Weboughtasmallwadingpool(浅水池)forthebackyard.Weshowedher__9__tosplashanddunk(浸)toys.Afterjustone__10__toherwadingpool,shewassaying,“Ilovethepool！”andkept__11__toleavethepool.Thenwemovedheruptothecommunitypool,exposinghertoit__12__.Firstshesatattheedgeofthewadingpoolareaandjustlookedatthewater.Thenasshehungneartheedge,wemovedafewinchesawayfromtheedgetoshowherthatthewaterissafeandto__13__hertogofarther.Aftertwotimestothepool,shewasgoingintowateruptoherneckandputtingthebottomofherfaceinthewatertoblowbubbles.The__14__inthislittlegirlbringsmetotearsandwe__15__herforitwithpraise,highfivesandhugs,andtoldherhow__16__weareofher.Butthisisn'tjustaboutthepool.Thisisaboutherlearninglife__17__.Sheislearningthatshecan__18__herfearsandthatherfearsdonotneedtoguideherlife.Sheislearningthatshecanhandle__19__anddiscomfortandthatherparentswillalwaysbetherewithhertoface__20__.eq\x(语篇解读：作者帮助女儿学会了游泳，女儿战胜了恐惧，也学到了很多人生哲理。)1．A.shockedB．attractedC．controlledD．defeated解析：选B根据上文“Mychildhasalwayslikedwater.”可知，孩子被水流吸引了。2．A.admittedB．recalledC．claimedD．thought解析：选D因为孩子喜欢水，因此作者认为她喜欢游泳。3．A.terrifiedB．sickC．interestedD．curious解析：选A根据句中“But”和下文中“Shewouldwatchotherkidssplashing(泼水)...”可知，到了游泳池时，她又害怕了。4．A.unlessB．whenC．untilD．though解析：选B根据句中“shescreamed”可推断，这里表示当把她带到水附近时。5．A.noB．thanksC．sorryD．OK解析：选A根据句中“shescreamed,clungtous”可知，她不敢下水。6．A.liedB．decidedC．mentionedD．expected解析：选B由于她不敢下水，作者本可以决定那一年不让她学游泳了。7．A.warnB．offerC．teachD．inform解析：选C根据that下文的内容可知，这样的话只能让她知道游泳池是个可怕的地方。8．A.InsteadB．SimilarlyC．IndeedD．Probably解析：选A根据下文内容可知，作者没有带她去游泳池，而是把游泳池搬到了家里，故用instead。9．A.whichB．whereC．howD．what解析：选C根据句中“splashanddunk(浸)toys”可知，作者演示给她看，让她知道怎样泼水，怎样把玩具浸在水里。10．A.driveB．campC．marchD．trip解析：选D这里表示只去了一次游泳池，她就喜欢上游泳了。11．A.pretendingB．refusingC．tryingD．stopping解析：选B根据句中“Ilovethepool！”可知，她拒绝离开游泳池。12．A.politelyB．slowlyC．strictlyD．safely解析：选B根据下文中“First”和“Then”可知，作者一点点地让她接触水。13．A.begB．orderC．forbidD．encourage解析：选D根据句中“showherthatthewaterissafe”可知，作者想鼓励她往里游。14．A.braveryB．kindnessC．honestyD．love解析：选A根据上文中“goingintowateruptoherneck”可推断，孩子的勇敢精神让作者流泪。15．A.acceptedB．visitedC．rewardedD．paid解析：选C根据句中“withpraise,highfivesandhugs”可知，作者以此来回报孩子。16．A.ashamedB．proudC．afraidD．mindful解析：选B孩子很勇敢，作者感到很骄傲。17．A.meaningsB．storiesC．lessonsD．styles解析：选C根据下文可知，孩子学会了人生的哲理。18．A.knowB．traceC．measureD．overcome解析：选D根据句中“herfearsdonotneedtoguideherlife”可知，她学会了克服恐惧。19．A.machinesB．goodsC．anxietyD．treasure解析：选C根据句中“discomfort”可推断，与之对应的是anxiety。20．A.challengesB．dangersC．chancesD．disasters解析：选A根据上文带孩子学游泳的经历可知，作者总是和孩子一起面对挑战。Ⅳ.阅读理解(·黑龙江四校高三联考)Humans:it'stimetoabandonEarthorraceextinction.Itcouldbetheplotofasummerblockbuster(大片),butthispredictionisn'tsciencefiction.It'saglimpseofthefuture,accordingtofamousBritishscientistStephenHawking.“Iseegreatdangersforthehumanrace，”hesaidinaninterviewwithglobalforumBigThink.“Therehavebeenanumberoftimesinthepastwhenitssurvivalhasbeenaquestionoftouchandgo.”“Ibelievethatthelong­termfutureofthehumanracemustbeinspace，”hesai