高考英语模拟卷试卷及答案(二)

高考模拟卷(三)第一部分听力(略)第二部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分35分)第一节单项填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)请认真阅读下面各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21.Therearealsopeoplewhoobjecttofairystoriesonthegroundstheyarenotobjectivelytrue，andthatgiants，witches，two-headeddragonsetcdonotexist.A.that B.whatC.which D.when答案A解析考查同位语从句的连接词。句意为：也有人反对童话故事，理由是它们在客观上不真实，巨人、女巫、双头龙等不存在。分析句子结构可知，空格后的同位语从句用来解释说明grounds的具体内容，从句中不缺成分且意义完整。因此本题选A。22.Thoughscientistsgetclosertounderstandingwhyweage,thereasonfordifferentagingratesamongindividualsremainsonlyunderstood.A.concretely B.thoroughlyC.vaguely D.flexibly答案C解析考查副词词义辨析。concretely具体地；thoroughly彻底地；vaguely含糊地，茫然地；flexible灵活的。句意为：尽管科学家对人类衰老的原因有了更深的了解，但对于个体衰老速度不同的原因，人们仍知之甚少。故C项正确。23.Theexpertpointsoutthephenomenonthatcreamgoesbadfasterthanbutteritsstructureratherthanitschemicalcomposition.A.livesupto B.getsdowntoC.comesdownto D.standsupto答案C解析考查动词短语辨析。句意为：专家指出，奶油变质的速度快于黄油的这种现象，归根结底是因为它的结构，而不是它的化学成分。liveupto符合；getdownto着手；comedownto归根结底；standupto经得起，根据题意，故选C。24.—youneedanyhelp，feelfreetocontactme.—Thankyouforyourkindness.A.May B.WillC.Shall D.Should答案D解析考查if引导的虚拟语气。句意为：——如果你需要帮助，请随时与我联系。——谢谢你的好意。此处是省略if的虚拟语气，如果省略if则将助动词should提前。故选D。25.—Oh，myGod!What’swrongwithyou?—IwasgoingthenormalspeedlimitwhenatruckappearedinfrontofmeandIdidn’thavetimetostop.A.betweenthelines B.aroundtheclockC.outoftheblue D.overthemoon答案C解析考查习惯表达。句意为：——天啊，你怎么了啊？——我当时正以正常速度行驶，突然一辆卡车冲到我的前面，我没有足够的时间踩刹车了。betweenthelines字里行间；aroundtheclock全天24小时；outoftheblue出其不意地；overthemoon狂喜。故选C。26.TheywillflytoChicago，theyplantostayinfortwoorthreedays.A.whereB.thereC.whichD.when答案C解析根据句子结构可知，theyplantostayinfortwoorthreedays是一个非限制性定语从句，句中stayin后面缺一个宾语，所以用which或者that代指前面的Chicago，但是非限制性定语从句的引导词不能用that，故选C。27.Eithersideseemstohavea(n)position；therearestillmanyuncertaintiesonthisissue.A.ambiguous B.delicateC.explicit D.confidential答案A解析考查形容词辨析。句意为：双方似乎都有一个模糊的立场；在这个问题上仍然有许多不确定性。ambiguous模糊的；delicate精美的；explicit明确的；confidential机密的。故A选项正确。28.—Howdidyouenjoythegame?—Iwasimpressedbytheenergyandshownbytheplayers.A.qualification B.commitmentC.investment D.privilege答案B解析考查名词。句意为：——你觉得这场比赛怎么样？——球员们表现出的活力和奉献精神给我留下了深刻的印象。qualification资格；commitment奉献，承诺；investment投资；privilege特权。结合句意可知答案为B。29.Shefelttotallyhopelessaboutthefutureonedayshelearnedaboutacharitywhichprovidedmicroloantowomentostartbusiness.A.until B.onceC.unless D.when答案A解析句意：她对未来感到彻底绝望了，直到有一天她听说有家慈善机构提供小额贷款给自主创业的女性。until直到……才，引导时间状语从句。30.—Hey!EveryoneintheofficewasatthedinnerpartyinhonorofMrCharlesexceptyou.Whathappened?—IafterMike，mycolleague.Hewasbadlyill.A.havelooked B.waslookingC.wouldlook D.hadlooked答案B解析考查时态。句意为：——嘿，办公室除了你所有人都在为查理斯先生庆祝的晚宴上。发生了什么事？——我当时正在照顾麦克，我的同事。他病得很厉害。通过上文可知下文说的是在过去某个时间点(别人参加晚宴时)正在发生的事情，故用过去进行时态，选B。31.makingdecisions，thehumanbraincannotbecomparedwiththecomputerbecauseinthelongprocessofevolutiontheslowpaceoflifedidn’trequiresuchanabilityofthehumanbrain.A.Onbehalfof B.IncontrasttoC.Insaluteto D.Intermsof答案D解析考查介词短语辨析。句意为：在做决定方面，人类的大脑无法与计算机相比，因为在漫长的进化过程中，生活的缓慢节奏并不需要人类大脑有这样的能力。onbehalfof代表；incontrastto相比之下；insaluteto向……致敬；intermsof按照，在……方面。故选D。32.IcameacrossanoldschoolfriendinChinaTownlastweek，athisfunnyhairstyle.A.surprised B.surprisingC.beingsurprised D.havingsurprised答案A解析考查非谓语动词。句意为：上个星期我在唐人街遇到一位老同学，他的滑稽发型让我很惊讶。此处是形容词短语作状语，用来形容主语的状态，主语为I指人，而surprised用来修饰人，表示“对……感到惊讶”。故选A。33.Mikeislookingforanotherjobbecausehefeelsthatnothinghedoeshisboss.A.serves B.satisfiesC.promises D.supports答案B解析serve为……服务；satisfy使满意；promise许诺；support拥护。句意为：迈克正在寻找另一份工作，因为他感觉他所做的任何事都不能使老板满意。由句意可知答案选B。34.Homeissomebodynoticeswhenyouarenolongerthere.A.that B.whenC.how D.where答案D解析考查表语从句。句意为：家是一个当你不在的时候别人会注意到(你不在)的地方。where在此处引导表语从句，意为“地点，场所”。35.—Whatawasteoftimetowatchsuchaboringmatch!—.Whynotswitchthechannel?A.It’snobigdealB.WithyourpermissionC.MyfeelingsexactlyD.You’vegottobekidding答案C解析考查情景交际。It’snobigdeal没什么大不了的；Withyourpermission在你允许的情况下；Myfeelingsexactly我也这么认为，我的感觉也是这样；You’vegottobekidding你一定在开玩笑。句意为：——看这么无聊的比赛，真是浪费时间！——我也这么认为，为什么不换个频道？故选C。第二节完形填空(共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分)请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。WhenIwassmall，Ispokewithastutter(结巴).IfIhadacentforeverytimeIwas36，Icouldhavepotentiallyretiredattwelve.It’snoteasybeingakid，andit’sespeciallydifficultwhenyou’re37.ThebiggestfearformostAmericansispublicspeaking，soimaginebeingastutteringchildhavingto38aparagraphfromCharlotte’sWeb39theentireclasslooks，listens，andlaughs.It’s40.Thatall41formeintheeighthgradewhenIdecidedto42myanxietyby43toreadeachandeverytime.Myhandwasalwaysthefirsttogoupandstayedupformostoftheclass.Ichosetobeincomplete44ofwhatandwhentoread.Ifkidslaughed，I’dusuallyhaveawittyone-linerto45，whichwouldfinallyshutthemup.Fromthenon，Ineveragainlookedatmystutteringasa(n)46challenge.Fastforwardto2012andI’macomic.WhenI47incomedy，mygoalwassimplytomaketheaudience48.Butaftereachshow，I’dgetfeedback(反馈)onhowmycomedyhelpededucatethemtounderstandand49thosewhoalsosufferedfromaspeechdisorder.Iwas50.Untilseeingmyroutine，they’dneverconsideredthe51apersonwhostuttersfacesonadailybasis.Imaginethefearoftalkingonatelephone.Imaginethefearoforderingfoodatarestaurant.Stutteringisstilloneofthegreat52.I’vebeenstutteringforfortyyearsandstillcan’texplainit.53，I，justlikeanypersonwhostutters，havemygooddaysandbaddaysandeverythinginbetween.Whetherit’sabignoseoruglytoes，weallhave54thateachofusshould55；ifnot，howcanwepossiblyexpectunderstandingandsupportfromothers?语篇解读从小口吃的作者学会了勇敢面对自己的不足，也努力影响他人来理解和接纳身体有缺陷的人。36.A.lookedinto B.madefunofC.lookedafter D.madeuseof答案B解析根据下文中的“theentireclasslooks，listens，andlaughs...”可知，如果每被嘲笑一次，我就得到一美分的话，估计我在十二岁的时候赚的钱就够养老了。makefunof取笑，符合语境。lookinto调查，观察；lookafter照顾，打理；makeuseof使用，利用。37.A.sympathetic B.differentC.ashamed D.desperate答案B解析根据文章首句可知，我和别人不同。different不同的，有区别的，符合语境。sympathetic同情的；ashamed羞愧的；desperate绝望的，极度渴望的。38.A.write B.selectC.record D.read答案D解析根据上文中的“ThebiggestfearformostAmericansispublicspeaking...”可知，此处指口吃的孩子要当着全班同学的面朗读(read)《夏洛特的网》当中的一段。39.A.as B.incaseC.though D.nowthat答案A解析参考上题解析。as意为“当……的时候”，符合语境。40.A.impossible B.uneasyC.lonely D.unusual答案B解析口吃的孩子要当着全班同学的面朗读《夏洛特的网》当中的一段，在大庭广众之下暴露自己的弱点会让人很不舒服，uneasy意为“不舒服的，不安的”，符合语境。41.A.changed B.disappearedC.returned D.settled答案A解析根据上下文语境可知，当我决定通过主动要求朗读来缓解焦虑时，事情有了变化(change)。42.A.share B.ignoreC.relieve D.employ答案C解析根据上下文语境可知，我主动要求朗读的目的是缓解焦虑。relieve缓解，减轻，符合语境。43.A.appearing B.pretendingC.preparing D.volunteering答案D解析参考上题解析。volunteer自愿，主动要求，符合语境。44.A.control B.stateC.support D.satisfaction答案A解析根据上下文语境可知，我选择做自己的主人翁，自己控制(control)朗读内容和时间。45.A.showup B.cutoutC.shootback D.breakdown答案C解析如果同学们取笑我，我就用机智的俏皮话顶回去，让他们闭嘴。shootback顶回去，还击，符合语境。showup到场；cutout裁剪，停止；breakdown失败，损坏。46.A.interesting B.significantC.confusing D.delicate答案B解析根据上文可知，我不再把自己的口吃看作是很大的挑战。significant有意义的，重大的，符合语境。delicate微妙的，精巧的。47.A.accomplished B.setoutC.acted D.startedout答案D解析根据上下文语境可知，最开始从事(startout)喜剧的时候，我只是单纯地想要逗笑(laugh)观众。48.A.laugh B.promiseC.applaud D.think答案A解析参考上题解析。49.A.remember B.respectC.recognize D.receive答案B解析根据understand可知，表演之后，我通过反馈得知我的喜剧不仅为观众带来了欢乐，还起到了教育意义，人们通过观看我的喜剧学会理解和尊重有语言障碍的人。respect尊敬，敬重，符合语境。remember记得，回想起；recognize认出，识别；receive收到，得到。50.A.putthrough B.caredforC.blownaway D.dependedon答案C解析根据下文“Untilseeingmyroutine，they’dneverconsidered...”可知，得知人们在看我的表演之前，从来没有为有语言障碍的人考虑过时，我很惊讶。blowaway使某人大吃一惊，给……留下深刻印象，符合语境。putthrough实行，接通；carefor照料，喜欢；dependon依赖，相信。51.A.challenges B.opportunitiesC.dilemmas D.consequences答案A解析根据第三段最后一句和倒数第三段中的“Imaginethefearoftalkingonatelephone.Imaginethefearoforderingfoodatarestaurant.”可知，口吃的人每天都面对挑战。challenge挑战，符合语境。opportunity机会；dilemma进退两难的窘境；consequence结果，后果。52.A.findings B.unknownsC.adventures D.worries答案B解析根据下文中的“I’vebeenstutteringforfortyyearsandstillcan’texplainit.”可知，结巴仍然是一个解释不了的现象(unknown)。53.A.Therefore B.OtherwiseC.Instead D.Nevertheless答案D解析根据上下文语境可知，前后两个句子为转折关系。然而(nevertheless)，我和其他口吃的人一样每天过着平淡的日子。54.A.illnesses B.anxietiesC.imperfections D.failures答案C解析根据上文“Whetherit’sabignoseoruglytoes”可知，每个人都应该接纳(accept)自己的不足之处(imperfection)。imperfection不完美，瑕疵，符合语境。55.A.accept B.expectC.believe D.entertain答案A解析参考上题解析。第三部分阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AAfricaFinanceCorporation(AFC)isanAfrican-ledinternationalfinanceinstitutionestablishedin2007tobridgeAfrica’sinfrastructure(基础设施)investmentgapthroughthesupplyofdebtandequityfinance，projectdevelopment，andtechnicalandfinancialadvisoryservices.AFChasinvestedoverUSD4.5billionininfrastructureprojectsin28countriesacrossAfrica，withafocusonpower，transport，telecommunications，heavyindustriesandnaturalresources.AFCislookingtoappoint，foraperiodof5years(renewable)，anewCEO.ThisindividualwhowillbebasedinLagos，Nigeria，willoverseeallstrategicandbusinessaspectsoftheinstitution.ThisCEOwillhaveresponsibilityfortheday-to-dayleadership，strategy，operationalmanagement，andgrowthoftheAFCandwillguidetheorganizationasitmovesintothenextphaseofitsdevelopment.TheCEOmustpossessexcellentdiplomaticandleadershipskills，anaturalcapacityforinvestment&fundraisingandaprovencapabilitytomanageshareholders(股东).Femalecandidatesareparticularlywelcomeastheyarecurrentlyunder-representedatthislevel.Candidatesshouldhavetheprofessionalexperienceandstandingtocommandtherespectandtrustofmembersofthebusinessandgovernmentalcommunityandwillhave.•Experienceincomplexinfrastructureandprojectfinancing•Experienceinoriginating，executingandmanagingequityandloanandguaranteetransactions•Experienceinotheraspectsofmanagingaworld-classfinancialinstitutionlikeassetandliabilitymanagement，riskmanagementandenvironmentalandsocialmanagement•ExperienceinemergingmarketfinancingandinvestmentsinAfrica•StronganalyticalandcommunicationskillsApplicantsarerequestedtosendadetailedCV，coverletter，andreferencestoAFC@.ApplicationsthatmeetthecriteriamustarrivebyemailnolaterthanmidnightonMay31st,2019.语篇解读本文是一篇AFC公司招聘新CEO的信息。56.WhatcanwelearnabouttheAFC?A.Ithasfewfemalestaff.B.ItsCEOissubstitutedeveryfiveyears.C.Itwillhavebeenestablishedfortwelveyearsin2019.D.Itprovidesserviceforprojectsacrosstheworld.答案C解析细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“AfricaFinanceCorporation(AFC)isanAfrican-ledinternationalfinanceinstitutionestablishedin2007...”可知，截止到2019年，AFC成立了十二年了。57.Whatisthepurposeofthispassage?A.TodisplaythepersonalqualitiesnecessarytoworkintheAFC.B.TotellaboutthedetailedinformationabouttheAFC.C.Toraisecapitalforaninfrastructureproject.D.ToseektoemployaCEO.答案D解析写作意图题。根据文章第二段以及后文内容可知，这篇文章的目的是为AFC公司招聘一名CEO。BIknowthatIshouldn’tfeedmytwodaughters，whoareeightandtwelve，dinnerat7∶30.It’stoolate.Andso，asfewweeksago，facedwithyetanotherlatemeal，myyoungerdaughterfellintooneofthoseangersituations.Annoyedataperceivedinequityinhouseworkdistribution，sheputforcefullymyglassofsodaontothecounter，somewhatsplattering(飞溅)theliquidontothefloorandme.Shetoldme，“You’renotbeingnice！You’rebeingastupidoldparentwhoknowsnothing！”Shortlyafterthis，Icameacrossastudyinwhichmenandwomenstuckpinsintodollsasameasureoftheirannoyancewiththeirspouses(配偶).Theresearchersfoundthatthesubjectsweremorelikelytostickinlotsofpinswhentheirglucose(葡萄糖)levelwaslow.Iwasinterested—thefindingsseemedtoexplainmyexperiencewithmykids，andofferedaclearsolution：eatregularly，enhanceself-control.Thestudygotalotofattention—storiesonthe“Today”show，ABCNews，NPR，andlotsofnewspapersaroundtheworld.TheOhioStatepsychologistBradBushman，wholedthestudy，says，“Withlessglucosethebrakeonself-controlisweakened.”Butdowereallyknowwhatwethinkweknowaboutbloodsugarandthebrain？Foryears，theUniversityofPennsylvaniapsychologyresearcherRobertKurzbanhasbeenwatchingtheglucosetheorystorepositivepress.Hefindsthisdeeplyfrustrating.“It’saveryentertainingidea，”hesays，“butasascientistIfeellikeweshouldthinkaboutwhetheritiscorrect.”Kurzbanandscientistsdon’tdenythathungeraffectsmood.Thisisobvious，theysay.Butitdoesn’tprovethatglucosefuelsself-control，orthatlowglucosecausesafailureofself-control.Kurzbantoldme，thebrainrarelyrunsshortofglucose.Althoughitusesmorecaloriesthanmostotherorgans，thebraindoesn’tconsumethatmuchenergy—alittlemorethantencaloriesanhour.Inastudypublishedin2012，theNorthwesternUniversitysocialpsychologistDanielMoldenfoundthatmentalactivitydoesn’tconsumeextraglucose.Tobefair，eventhesupportersoftheglucoseideaagreethatself-controlismultifaceted(多方面的)andnotonlyregulatedbyglucose.ButtoMolden，givingsomuchweighttoglucosecanleadtoincorrectstrategiesforactivatingself-controlinreallife.Itminimizesthefactthathumans，withtheirbig，complexbrains，haveauniqueabilitytodirecttheirownbehaviorandoverride(不顾)theirownimpulses(冲动).“Youcan’tthrowfuelatself-controlproblems，”hesays.“Talkingaboutmotivation，helpingpeoplefocus，that’snoteasy，butitcanwork.Itismuchmoreeffectivethangivingpeoplesnacks.”语篇解读此前有研究表明，血糖低会降低自控能力，但宾夕法尼亚大学的心理学研究专家罗伯特·库尔茨班认为这个理论并不靠谱，与此相关的另一位研究者丹尼尔·莫顿指出，人类的自控能力与血糖的关系不大。58.Theauthor’syoungerdaughterbehavedbadlybecauseshe.A.consideredtheauthornotcleverB.feltshehadbeenunfairlytreatedC.didn’tthoughttheauthorwasfriendlytoherD.wasveryfullbuttheauthorcontinuedtofeedherdinner答案B解析细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Annoyedataperceivedinequityinhouseworkdistribution，sheputforcefullymyglassofsodaontothecounter”可知，作者的小女儿发脾气是因为对家务的分配感到不满。59.Whatcanbelearnedfromthethirdparagraph?A.Kurzbandoubtstheglucosetheory.B.Kurzbanfindstheglucosetheoryinteresting.C.BradBushmanwinsfameontheglucosetheory.D.BradBushman’stheorydoesn’tdeserveattention.答案A解析推理判断题。根据第三段中的“‘It’saveryentertainingidea，’hesays，‘butasascientistIfeellikeweshouldthinkaboutwhetheritiscorrect.’”可知，库尔茨班对葡萄糖理论持怀疑态度。故选A项。60.TheunderlinedpartinParagraph4probablymeans“thebrain”.A.isfairlyshortofglucoseB.seldomlacksglucoseC.rarelyinteractswithglucoseD.workswellwithoutglucose答案B解析句意理解题。根据第四段中的“Althoughitusesmorecaloriesthanmostotherorgans，thebraindoesn’tconsumethatmuchenergy—alittlemorethantencaloriesanhour.”可知，大脑耗能并不多，由此可推知画线部分意思是：大脑很少会耗尽葡萄糖。故选B项。CAttheendofthelasticeage，around11,700yearsago，Earth’sclimatebeganwarmingrapidly.Astheplanetheatedup，itsvastglaciers(冰川)fellback.Almostimmediatelyafterwardsvolcanicactivitysurged.Thatwasnothingnew.Thegeologicalrecordhasplentyofevidenceofbigglacialwithdrawalsthatarefollowedbymorefrequentvolcaniceruptions.This，atleast，isthecaseforreallybigclimaticswings.Whathasbeenlesscleariswhethermoremodestchangesinicecovermightalsoaffecttherateoferuptions.Giventhathumansarebusywarmingtheplanet，andthereforeshrinkingthefew，relativelysmallglaciersthatstillexist，thisquestionmatters.Itwouldbegoodtoknowifmorevolcaniceruptionsmightbeanotherconsequenceofglobalwarming.InapaperjustpublishedinGeology，GraemeSwindles，ageographerattheUniversityofLeeds，suggeststhatitwill—eventually.Thefinedetailsofhowglaciersarelinkedtovolcaniceruptionsareunknown.Butvolcanologists’theoryisthattheweightoflargeicesheetspressesthecrust(地壳)andmantle(地幔)below.Thatclosesupchannelswithintherockthroughwhichmagma(岩浆)travelstowardsthesurface.Italsoleaveslessroomforsurfacewatertomakeitswaydownintotherocks，where，assteam，itcanincreasethepressurewithinmagmaspaces.Removetheice，bycontrast，andthoseprocessesgointoreverse.Dr.SwindlesandhiscolleaguesstudiedlayersofashfromIcelandicvolcanoesthatweredepositedoverIcelandandnorthernEuropeduringtherelativelymildperiodsincetheendoftheiceage，aswellasvolcanicdepositsfromIcelanditself.Theiranalysisrevealedanunusualperiodbetween5,500and4,500yearsagowhennoashfromIcelandicvolcanoesfounditswaytoEurope，andwhenthedepositrecordfromIcelandsuggeststhatnomajoreruptionstookplace.WhenDr.Swindlescomparedthevolcanicrecordwiththeclimateliterature，hefoundthattheabsenceoferuptionswasprecededbyabigchangeinatmosphericcirculationpatternsabout6,100yearsago.ThatwouldhaveencouragedIceland’sglacierstoadvance.Whenconditionschangedagainathousandyearslater，thistimetofavorglacialwithdrawals，volcanicactivitypickedupafterafewhundredyears.Baseduponthesefindings，Dr.Swindlesarguesthatevenminorincreasesanddecreasesinglaciercoverprobablydoaffectvolcanicactivity，althoughwithafairlyintervalofperhapsfiveorsixhundredyears.Themodernworldisalreadyrecoveringfromitsownminiatureglaciation，the“LittleIceAge”，whichlastedfromabout1500to1850.Combinethatwithyetmoreglacialmelt，causedthistimebyhuman-drivenwarming，andthecenturiesaheadmaybenoticeablyfiercerthanthoseoftherecentpast.语篇解读利兹大学地质学家格雷姆·斯温德斯博士在最新发表的文章中认为，轻微的冰川变化最终也可能会影响火山爆发的频率。61.WhatcanweinferfromParagraph1?A.Volcanoestendtoeruptmorefrequentlyintheabsenceofglaciers.B.Naturaldisastersarebecomingmorefrequentanddestructive.C.Beforethelasticeage，therewereseldomvolcaniceruptions.D.Frequentvolcaniceruptionshavemeltedmanyglaciers.答案A解析推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Thegeologicalrecordhasplentyofevidenceofbigglacialwithdrawalsthatarefollowedbymorefrequentvolcaniceruptions.”可知，冰川退却后火山爆发更加频繁，故A项正确。62.Dr.Swindles’studyismainlytofigureoutwhether.A.smallchangesinglaciersproduceaneffectonvolcanicactivityB.globalwarmingisprimarilycausedbyvolcaniceruptionsC.bigclimatechangeswillcausemorevolcanicexplosionsD.volcanicrecordsandclimateliteratureareauthentic答案A解析细节理解题。根据第二段第二句可知，斯温德斯博士的研究主要是要弄清楚轻微的冰川变化是否也会引起火山的爆发。63.AccordingtoParagraph3，theconnectionbetweenglaciersandvolcaniceruptionsis.A.rock B.waterC.pressure D.temperature答案C解析细节理解题。根据第三段中的“theweightoflargeicesheetspresses...Italsoleaveslessroom...itcanincreasethepressure...”可知，冰川和火山喷发的主要联系是“压力”。64.AccordingtoDr.Swindles’study，whatwillprobablyhappenafterhundredsofyears?A.TherewillbeaniceageaftertheEarthcoolsdown.B.Volcanoeswillbreakoutevenmorefiercely.C.Volcaniceruptionswillbeundercontrol.D.TherewillbenoglaciersontheEarth.答案B解析细节理解题。根据最后一段最后两句可知，随着地球温度不断升高，冰川消融，几百年后，火山爆发的局势更加严峻。DAt88，Iremainacompetitiverunner.Thefinishlineofmylifeisdrawingclose，andIhopetoreachithavinggiventhebestofmyselfalongtheway.I’vebeentrainingmybodytomeetthedemandsofthisfinalstretch.But，Iwonder，shouldIhaveaskedmoreofmymind?IfIdidn’texercise，Iwouldreleasethehungrybeaststhatseektheirelderlypreyoncouches，butnotinthegym.ThemoreIsweated，themorelikelyitwasmydoctorwouldcontinuetosay，“Keepdoingwhatyou’redoing，andI’llseeyounextyear.”Mymind，ontheotherhand，seemslesswillingtogiveintodiscipline.IhavetriedInternet“braingames”，solvingalgebraicproblemsflashingpastandchangingtherouteofvirtualtrainstoavoidcrashes.ButtheseneverapproachmydeterminationtoremainphysicallyfitasImovedeeperintooldage.Despitehavingmanyfriendsintheir70s,80sand90s，I’vebeenfartooslowtorealizethathowwerespondtoagingisachoicemadeinthemind，notinthegym.Someofmyhealthiestfriendscarrythemselvesasvictimsabusedbytime.Otherfriends，manywhoseachingkneesandhipsaretheleastoftheirphysicalproblems，findcomfortintheirabilitytoacceptoldageasjustanotherstageoflifetodealwith.Iwouldusetheword“heroic”todescribethewaytheycopewithaging.Onesuchfriendrecentlycalledfromahospitaltotellmeasuddenbraindiseasehadmadehimlegallyblind.HeinterruptedmeasIbegantellinghimhowterriblysorryIwas:“Bob，itcouldhavebeenworse.Icouldhavebecomedeadinsteadofblind.”DespiteallthetimeIspendliftingweightsandexercising，IrealizedIlackthestrengthtohavesaidthosewords.ItsuddenlystruckmethatI’vepaidapriceforbeinga“gymrat”.Ifthereisonecharacteristiccommontofriendswhoareagingwithagracefulacceptanceoflife’sattacks，itiscontentment.AginghadtobemorethanwhatIsawinamirror.ButratherthanundertakingafundamentalchangeinthewayIfaceaging，Ifelttheplacetobeginwouldbetostartsmall.Arecentlunchprovidedaperfectexample.I’vealwaysfounditextremelydifficulttoconcentratewhenI’minanoisysetting.Atthislunchwithafriendinanoutdoorrestaurant，alandscaperbeganblowingleavesfromunderneaththebushessurroundingourtable.Typically，aftersuchanoisyinterruption，Iwouldhavesnapped，“Let’swaituntilhe’sfinished！”thenfallensilent.Whentheroar(吼叫)eventuallyfaded，myroarwouldhavedrained(消耗)theconversationofanywarmth.Ittroubledmethatevenapassingdistraction(分心)couldsoeasilytakemefromenjoyinglunchwithagoodfriendtoaplacethatgavemenopleasureatall.Iwantedthismealtobedifferent.Myyearsingymshadtaughtmetoshakeoffpainsandotherdistractions，neverpermittingthemtostopmyworkoutorrun.Idecidedtotreatthenoisethisway.Icontinuedtalkingwithmyfriend，challengingmyselftohearthenoise，buttoholditatadistance.Thedisciplinewassofamiliartomeinthegym—thistimeappliedtomymind—provedequallyeffectiveintherestaurant.ItwasasthoughIhadtakenmybraintoamentalfitnesscenter.Learningtoignorealeafblower’sroarhardlyequipsmetofindcontentmentduringmypassageintoever-deeperoldage.ButIleftthelunchfeelingIhadatleasttakenasmallfirststepinchangingbehaviorthatstoodinthewayofthatcontentment.CouldIemploythatsamedisciplinetoacceptwithdignitytheinevitabledeclineawaitingmelikethefinishline?HopingthatcontentmentwillguidemeasImakemywayalongthepathyettobetraveled.语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文，作者在88岁的时候仍然经常到健身房里锻炼，希望自己可以坦然地面对人生终点。但是朋友的话让他感觉自己需要在精神上要做出适当调整来接受变老的事实。65.Theauthor’squestioninParagraph1impliesthat.A.hehasneverbelievedthenecessityofmindtrainingB.hehasrealizedheshouldmentallyprepareforagingC.hefeelsregretfornotsharpeninghisthinkingskillsD.hefeelsunsatisfiedwiththeresultofthebraingames答案B解析推理判断题。根据第一段最后两句“I’vebeentrainingmybodytomeetthedemandsofthisfinalstretch.But，Iwonder，shouldIhaveaskedmoreofmymind？”可知，到晚年的时候，“我”在身体上已经做好了准备，但是在精神上还没有准备好。故B项正确。66.Theauthoruseshisfriendsasexamplesto.A.stressagingisanunavoidablestageoflifetofaceB.indicatethatpeopleseelifefrommanydifferentanglesC.proveit’ssignificanttobesurroundedwithpositivefriendsD.showit’simportanttotakehealthseriouslyinasensibleway答案A解析推理判断题。根据第四段内容和第五段第一句可知，“我”的朋友坦然接受自己年老，庆幸自己没有死去而仅仅是眼睛看不见了，这让“我”意识到“我”可能没有勇气直面老去这个事实。故A项正确。67.Whatcanwelearnfromtheauthor’sfriendmentionedinParagraph4?A.Hefearsthathisillnesswillbecomeworse.B.Hetakesphysicalillnessesastheycome.C.Heneedstofindawaythroughthosehardships.D.Heseeslifeasaseriesofdisappointments.答案B解析推理判断题。根据第四段内容可知，“我”的朋友告诉“我”脑部疾病让他看不见了，同时还可能会让他死亡。而“我”却没有勇气说这样的话，说明“我”的朋友很平静地接受疾病。故B项正确。68.Afterthatrecentlunch，theauthorrealizedthat.A.distractionswerenotuncommonineverydaylifeB.therestaurantwasnotanidealplaceforeatingC.hisroarhadspoiledthefriendlyconversationD.hehadmadesmallchangestoadapttoaging答案D解析推理判断题。根据倒数第二段内容可知，作者在这顿午餐以后，对变老有了更深的理解，在行为习惯上做出了小小的改变。故D项正确。69.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardsexercisingintheend?A.Doubtful. B.Indifferent.C.Positive. D.Ambiguous.答案C解析观点态度题。根据第八段第一句可知，作者多年来在健身房里的锻炼教会了他摆脱痛苦和其他分心的事情。这说明他对锻炼持积极的态度。故C项正确。70.Whichofthefollowingcouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.OldAgeCurseandBlessingB.TheSecrettoAgingWellC.BenefitsofRegularExerciseD.NeverTooOldtoLearn答案B解析标题归纳题。本文是一篇记叙文，作者在88岁的时候仍然经常到健身房里锻炼，希望自己可以坦然地面对人生终点。但是朋友的话让他感觉自己需要在精神上要做出适当调整来接受变老的事实。故B项正确。第四部分任务型阅读(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填一个单词。UnlessyouarelikeNastyGal’sfounderSophiaAmoruso，thepasswordsyouusetoaccessyouremailandtheendlessotheraccountsyouneedforworkaren’tfilledwithintention.Withincreasingsecurityrequirements，it’slikelyyourword/numbercombinationsarebecomingevenlessmemorable.Butnewresearchsuggestsitmaynotbelongbeforeyouwon’tneedtomemorizepasswords.“Brainprint”，publishedinNeurocomputing，revealsthatthebrain’sreactiontocertainwordscouldbeauniqueidentifyingcode—likeafingerprint—thatcouldeventuallyreplacepasswords.Inasmallexperiment，theresearchersmeasuredthebrains’signalsof45volunteersastheyreadthroughalistof75acronymssuchasFBIandDVD.Theword-recognitionresponsedifferedsomuchbetweeneachparticipantthatasecondexperimentusingacomputerprogramcouldidentifyeachonewith94%accuracy.It’snotenoughtofeeltotallysecure，butpromisingenoughtohintatthefutureofsecuringsensitiveinformation.Theadvantageofusingsuchabiometricsystem(生物识别系统)isthatitcanbeusedforcontinuousverification(验证)，NewScientistpointsout.Passwordsorfingerprintsonlyprovideatoolforone-offidentification.Continuousverificationcouldintheoryallowsomeonetointeractwithmanycomputersystemsatthesametimeorevenwithavarietyofintelligentobjects，withouthavingtorepeatedlyenterpasswordsforeachdevice.AsHollywoodhasillustrated，it’ssimplyamatterofcuttingoffafingertostealthatperson’sidentity.“Brainprints，ontheo