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ElectricPowerIndustryStandardofthePeople'sRepublicofChina
PDL/T5409.3-2010
TechnicalCodeforEngineering
InvestigationofNuclearPowerPlants
Part3:Hydrologicaland
MeteorologicalSurvey
核电厂工程勘测技术规程
第3部分:水文气象
(英文版)
issueDate:May24,2010ImplementationDate:October1,2010
IssuedbytheNationalEnergyAdministration
ICS27.140P59
RecordNo.J1041—2010
ElectricPowerIndustryStandardofthePeople'sRepublicoiChma
PDL/T5409.3—2010
TechnicalCodeforEngineering
InvestigationofNuclearPowerPlants
Part3:Hydrologicaland
MeteorologicalSurvey
IssueDate:May24,2010ImplementationDate:October1,2010IssuedbytheNationalEnergyAdministrationofthePeople'sRepublicofChina
ElectricPowerIndustryStandardofthePeople'sRepublicofChina
P
DL/T5409.3-2010
TechnicalCodeforEngineering
InvestigationofNuclearPowerPlants
Part3:Hydrologicaland
MeteorologicalSurvey
Translationsponsoredby:ChinaElectricPowerPlanning&
EngineeringAssociationTranslatedby:SUNTHERConsultingCo.,Ltd.
Reviewedby:EastChinaElectricPowerDesignInstitute,andGuangdongProvincialElectricPowerDesignandResearchInstitute
CHINAELECTRICPOWERPRESSBEIJING,2013
V
DL/T5409.3—2010
Foreword
TheDL/T5409TechnicalCodeforEngineeringInvestigationofNuclearPowerPlantsconsistsoffourparts:
Part1:SeismicHazard
Part2:GeotechnicalEngineering
Part3:HydrologicalandMeteorologicalSurveyPart4:Surveying
ThisisPart3ofDL/T5409.
ThiscodeispreparedasrequiredbytheNoticeonPrintingand
DistributingIndustrialStandardsProjectPlanoftheYear2005
(FGBGY(2005)739)issuedbytheGeneralOfficeoftheNationalDevelopmentandReformCommission.
ThiscodeisproposedbyChinaElectricityCouncil.
ThiscodeisunderthejurisdictionoftheTechnicalCommitteeonElectricPowerPlanningandEngineeringofStandardizationAdministrationofPowerIndustry.
ThechiefdraftingorganizationofthisPart:EastChinaElectricPowerDesignInstituteandGuangdongProvincialElectricPowerDesignandResearchInstitute.
Theparticipantsinvolvedinpreparation:ChinaPowerEngineeringConsultingGroupCorporation,NortheastElectricPowerDesignInstitute,andShandongElectricPowerDesignInstitute.
ThechiefdraftingstaffofthisPart:YaoPeng,ZhouBing,ZhuJingxing,OuZichun,LuXiaodong,LiangShuilin,WangLeming,LiShun,ZhaoJiamin,MaWanli,DaiYouxin,andHuChangquan.
Anycommentsandsuggestionsmadeduringtheimplementation
VI
DL/T5409.3—2010
ofthiscodearekindlyrequestedtobereferredtotheStandardizationCenterofChinaElectricityCouncilatNo.1,Lane2,BaiguangRoad,XuanwuDistrict,Beijing,China.
ThiscodeistranslatedbySUNTHERTranslation&SolutionsundertheauthorityofChinaElectricPowerPlanning&EngineeringAssociation.
I
DL/T5409.3—2010
Contents
Foreword V
1Scope 1
2NormativeReferences 2
3TermsandDefinitions 4
4BasicRequirements 7
5HydrometeorologicalSurvey 9
5.1GeneralRequirements 9
5.2SurveyonStormSurge,TsunamiandWaveOccurringatSeashores
andTidalEstuaries 10
5.3LandFloodSurvey 11
5.4LowWaterSurvey 12
5.5WaterResourcesInvestigation 15
5.6InvestigationsontheStabilityofSedimentandBank 18
5.7IceRegimeInvestigation 19
5.8ExtremeWeatherPhenomenonInvestigation 21
6DesignBasisFlood 23
6.1GeneralRequirements 23
6.2HighAstronomicalTides 23
6.3SeaLevelAnomaly 24
6.4StormSurgeSet-up 25
6.5SeicheSet-up 27
6.6TsunamiorLakeSurgeSet-up 28
6.7RunoffFlood 29
6.8Dam-breakFlood 30
6.9EffectsofWaves 31
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6.10FloodsCausedbyPotentialNaturalFactors 33
6.11EffectsofHumanActivitiesonFloods 34
6.12FloodCausedbySmallWatershedRainstorm 34
6.13WaterLogging 36
6.14AnalysisonCombinationofFloodEvents 37
6.15FloodSafetyAnalysis 39
7DesignBasisLowWaterLevel 41
7.1GeneralRequirements 41
7.2LowAstronomicalTideLevel 41
7.3StormSurgeSet-down 42
7.4SeicheSet-down 42
7.5TsunamiorLakeSurgeSet-down 42
7.6EffectsofWaves 43
7.7EffectsofRiver,ReservoirandLake 43
7.8LowWaterCausedbyPotentialNaturalFactors 44
7.9CombinationofLowWaterEvents 45
7.10AnalysisonWaterIntakeSafetyforNuclearPowerPlants 46
8WaterSource 47
8.1GeneralRequirements 47
8.2NaturalRivers 48
8.3ReservoirsandSluices 48
8.4DownstreamRiversofReservoirsandSluices 51
8.5RiversinChannelizedAreas 52
8.6Lake 54
8.7Sea 55
8.8Salinity 55
8.9WaterTemperature 56
8.10EffectsofHumanActivitiesonWaterSources 56
9StabilityofSedimentandBank 59
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DL/T5409.3—2010
9.1GeneralRequirements 59
9.2SedimentCharacteristics 60
9.3Analysis,CalculationandSimulationofFlowandSediment
Movement 61
9.4EvolutionofRiverbedintheDesignBankSection 62
9.5EvolutionofSeaBedintheDesignBankSectionatPlantSite 65
9.6EffectsofHumanActivitiesonBankStability 68
10DesignBasisMeteorologicalParametersandPhenomena 70
10.1GeneralRequirements 70
10.2DesignBasisWind 71
10.3DesignBasisPrecipitation 72
10.4DesignBasisSnowAccumulaton 73
10.5DesignBasisTemperature 74
10.6DesignBasisMeteorologicalConditionsofFinalHeatSinksand
RelatedSystems 75
10.7DesignBasisTornado 76
10.8DesignBasisSquallLineWind 80
10.9DesignBasisTropicalCyclone 80
10.10DesignBasisExtratropicalCyclone 82
10.11OtherDesignBasisMeteorologicalPhenomenaand
MeteorologicalParameters 83
11HydrometeorologicalObservationandSpecialStations 85
11.1GeneralRequirements 85
11.2HydrometricTest 86
11.3MarineHydrometricStation 86
11.4LandHydrometricStation 87
11.5MeteorologicalStation 88
12WorkContentsandDepthduringEachStageof
HydrometeorologicalSurveyforNuclearPowerPlants 89
IV
DL/T5409.3—2010
12.1GeneralRequirements 89
12.2SiteInvestigationandSurveyStage 89
12.3PreliminaryFeasibilityStudyStage 93
12.4FeasibilityStudyStage 103
12.5PreliminaryDesignStage 120
12.6DetailedDesignandConstructionStage 132
12.7OperationStage 133
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DL/T5409.3—2010
1Scope
ThisPartofDL/T5409specifiesthebasictechnicalrequirementsanddesignbasisforhydrologicalandmeteorologicalsurveyfornuclearpowerplants.
ThisPartappliestothesurveyengineeringofnuclearpowerplants.
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DL/T5409.3—2010
2NormativeReferences
Thefollowingnormativedocumentscontainprovisionswhich,throughreferenceinthistext,constitutetheprovisionsofthisPart.Fordatedreferences,subsequentamendmentsto(excludingcorrigendum),orrevisionof,anyofthesepublicationsdonotapply.However,partiestoagreementsbasedonthisPartareencouragedtoinvestigatethepossibilityofapplyingthemostrecenteditionsofthenormativedocumentsindicatedbelow.Forundatedreferences,thelatesteditionofthenormativedocumentapplies.
GB/T12763.2SpecificationsforOceanographicSurvey,Part2:MarineHydrographicObservation
GB/T12763.3SpecificationsforOceanographicSurvey,Part3:MarineMeteorologicalObservations
GB/T14914TheSpecificationforOffshoreObservationsGB/T50138StandardforStageObservation
GB50159CodeforMeasurementsofSuspendedSedimentinOpenChannels
GB50179CodeforLiquidFlowMeasurementinOpenChannelsHAD101/11DesignBasisTropicalCycloneforNuclear
PowerPlants
HAD102/09FinalHeatSinkandDirectlyAssociatedHeatTransportSystemsforNuclearPowerPlants
DL/T5084TechnicalCodeofHydrologyforElectricalPowerProjects
DL/T5158TechnicalCodeofMeteorologicalSurveyingforElectricalPowerProjects
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DL/T5409.3—2010
SL44RegulationforCalculatingDesignFloodofWaterResourcesandHydropowerProjects
SL58TechnicalStandardforGeneralGeodesicSurveyinHydrology
SL257CodeforWaterwaySurvey
QX/T45SpecificationsforSurfaceMeteorologicalObservationPart1:General
QX/T61SpecificationsforSurfaceMeteorologicalObservationPart17:MeasurementsatAutomaticMeteorologicalStations
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DL/T5409.3—2010
3TermsandDefinitions
Thefollowingtermsanddefinitionsareapplicabletothiscode.3.0.1
Deterministicmethod
Amethodbywhichmostparametersandtheirvaluescanbedeterminedmathematicallyandexplainedbymeansofphysicalcorrelations.
3.0.2
Probabilisticmethod
Amethodbywhichextremevaluesofhydrometeorologicalparametersarecalculatedusingfrequencyanalysisbasedonhistoricaldata.
3.0.3
Designbasis
Valuesofdesignparametersdeterminedforimportantnuclearsafety-relateditemstomeettheirdesigncriteria.
3.0.4
Region
Ageographicalarealargeenoughtoincludeallthefeaturesrelatedtoaphenomenonorinvolvedundertheeffectofaspecialcondition.
3.0.5
Finalheatsink
Amediumwhichcanalwaystaketheresidualheatfromnuclearpowerplantswhenallothermeanshavefailedorcannotremovealltheheat.
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DL/T5409.3—2010
3.0.6
Importantsafety-relateditem
Structures,systems,orcomponents,thefailureorbreakdownofwhichmayexposethesitepersonnelorpublictoradiation.
3.0.7
Hydrometeorologicalregime
Thesituationandtrendhowhydrometeorologicalelementschangeintimeandspace.
3.0.8
Stormsurge
Theabnormalandaperiodicriseandfalloflocalseasurfacecausedbythestrongwindandsuddenchangeofatmosphericpressureaccompanyingextremeweathersystemssuchastropicalandextratropicalcycloneswhenpassingby.
3.0.9
Tsunami
Long-cycleseismicoceanwavescausedbypulsedisturbancessuchassharpdisplacementofseabedcausedbyearthquakeinseasoroceans,volcaniceruption,orlandslidesbeneaththeocean.
3.0.10
Seiche
Theoscillationofenclosedorsemi-enclosedwaterbodycausedfordisturbanceofatmosphere,oceanorearthquake
3.0.11
Hydrometrictest
Theoperationscarriedouttomeasurehydrometricelements.3.0.12
Specialmeteorologicalandhydrometricstation
Thehydrometeorologicalobservationstationsetupforacquiring
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DL/T5409.3—2010
hydrometeorologicalelementvaluesatthesiteforconstructionpurposes.Itsobservationitemsandservicelifearedeterminedaccordingtotheintendeduseofthestation.
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DL/T5409.3—2010
4BasicRequirements
4.0.1Thehydrologicalandmeteorologicalsurveyfornuclearpowerplantsmustfollowthenation'ssafety-firstpolicyoncivilnuclearfacilitiesandlawsandregulationsrelatedtonuclearpowerconstruction.Thiscodeisdevelopedtounifythetechnicalstandardsforhydrometricsurveyofnuclearpowerplants,objectivelyevaluatethehydrometriccharacteristicsofplantsites,andfinalizethehydrometeorologydesignbasisfornuclearpowerprojects.
4.0.2Thehydrometeorologicalsurveyforanuclearpowerplantshallbecarriedoutinstages,preferablyinvolvingsitesurvey,pre-feasibilitystudy,feasibilitystudy,preliminarydesign,detaileddesign,construction,andoperation.
4.0.3Thewholeprocessofahydrometeorologicalsurveyshallbecarriedoutundertheeffectiveoperationoftheestablishedqualityassurancesystemandstrictqualitymonitoring.
4.0.4Thehydrometeorologicalsurvey,analysisandcalculationshallbecarriedoutbasedonfactswithsafetyandqualitybeingtheprimaryconsiderations.Anin-depthinvestigationandstudyoftheregionalhydrometricregimeshallbeconducted,withfocusplacedontheanalysisofregionalhydrometriclaws.
4.0.5Theregionalhydrometeorologicalobservationand
investigationdatashallbeusedastheprimarysourceforanalysisandcalculationofhydrometeorologyforpurposeofthenuclearpowerplant.Inaddition,hydrometrictestandspecialhydrometeorologicalstationcanalsobeusedbasedonthesitefeaturestoobtainsite-specificrepresentativedata.Thehydrometricdatausedshallbe
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DL/T5409.3—2010
analyzedforreliability,consistency,andrepresentativeness.
4.0.6Forthecalculationresultsorconclusionsreachedthroughanalysis,thebasicdata,keystepsandvariousparametersusedinthecalculationoranalysisshallbecomprehensivelyexaminedinreferencetothelocalconditionsandhydrometeorologicalregimefeaturestojustifythattheresultsandconclusionsaresafeandreasonable.
4.0.7Inandaftertheconstructionofanuclearpowerplant,closeattentionshallbemaintainedtothelocalhydrometeorologicalregime.Intheeventthatanabnormalhydrometeorologicaleventoccurs,afieldinvestigationshallbemadeintimetocollectbasicdataascertainthecauses,andanalyzetheextenttowhichtheoriginalresultsandconclusionsareaffectedinrespectofsafety.Ifnecessary,thehydrometeorologicaldesignparametersandconclusionsshallbemodifiedandcounter-measuresshallbeproposed.
9
DL/T5409.3—2010
5HydrometeorologicalSurvey
5.1GeneralRequirements
5.1.1Sitehydrometeorologicalsurveyisabasicmeansforhydrometeorologicalsurveyofnuclearpowerplantsandshallbecarriedoutnomatterwhethermeasuredhydrometeorologicaldataisavailableforthesiteornot.
5.1.2Theobjectives,requirements,scopeandcontentofsurveyshallbedeterminedbeforehand.Alistofdatatobecollectedshallbedeveloped.
5.1.3Reconnaissancesurveys,interviews,necessarytestsanddatacollectionfromrelevantorganizationsshallbeconductedtoquantitativelyandqualitativelyidentifythecharacteristicsofhistoricalandrecentvariationsofhydrometeorologicalelementsandwater-relatedplans
5.1.4Themajorsurveycontentincludesinvestigationsonflood,sourceoffreshwater,industrial,agriculturalandanimalhusbandrywater,scourandsiltingofriverbanks,seashore,riverbedandseabed,debrisflow,stormsurge,seiche,wave,tsunami,tornado,tropicalcyclone,extratropicalcyclone,icecondition,gale,rainstorm,snow,
hydraulicfacilitiesandothercontentsthatmayaffecttheproject.
5.1.5Reconnaissancesurveyresultsshallberecorded,andphotographs,soundrecordingsandvideosshouldalsobetaken.Verbalinformationshallbeprovidedwithsupportingevidences.Thevariationtraceofhydrometeorologicalelementsanddisasterssurveyedshallbeidentifiedonsitebymorethantwopeople.Flood
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DL/T5409.3—2010
marksshallbeobvious,stable,reliable,realandtypical,andmeasuredproperly.Surveyinformationshallbesortedout,analyzed,andverifiedonsite,andcorrectedinthecaseofanyproblem.Areportoraninstructionshallbepreparedafterasurvey
5.2SurveyonStormSurge,TsunamiandWave
OccurringatSeashoresandTidalEstuaries
5.2.1Thesurveyonstormsurgesandtsunamisshallcoverwindvelocity,winddirection,Waterlevel,earthquake,wave,rainfall,
occurrencetime,processanddestructionstobuildingsandstructures.
5.2.2Forthesurveyonstormsurgesandtsunamis,historicalrecordsandimpactanalysisreportonlocalextraordinarystormsurgeortsunamishallbecollected.
5.2.3Duringthereconnaissancesurveyprocess,thewatermarksresultingfromstormsurgesortsunamisshallbeidentifiedwithsupportingevidencesprovided,andthepossibilitythattheyarehigherthantheactuallevelduetowavesshallbeanalyzed.
5.2.4Therecurrenceintervalofstormsurgesortsunamisshallbeanalyzedanddeterminedbycross-referencingthehistoricalrecordsandsurveyresults.
5.2.5Forthewavesurvey,windregimeandwavedatainthevicinityoftheplantsiteshallbecollected,andinformationonthehistoricalmaximumwavesuchastheheight,direction,occurrencetime,cause,duration,windregimeandconsequentialdamagesshallbeinvestigated.
5.2.6Thewavesurveyshallbeconductedinseashoreareasfacinganopenseafreeofislands,submergedrocks,andsandbars.Thewindregimeshallbesurveyedaswellinordertodeterminetherecurrenceintervalofwavesandwindsandthetypeofwaves.
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DL/T5409.3—2010
5.3LandFloodSurvey
5.3.1Inlandfloodsurvey,physicalgeographyconditionsofdrainageareas,characteristicsofdrainageareasandwatercourses,characteristicsandcausesofrainstormsandfloods,currentstatusandimprovementplansofwatercourses,andoperationdataofhydraulicstructuresshallbecollectedforthecalculationofdesignflood.
5.3.2Forhistoricalfloods,thefocusofsurveyshallbelaidontheoccurrencetimeandrecurrenceinterval,floodmarksandfloodofeachextraordinaryflood,andriverbedroughness.Theinformationonrainfall,wateranddisasterwhenthefloodoccurredshallbeinvestigated.Thesource,cause,mainflowdirectionanddriftageofthefloodsshallbeidentified,andtheexistenceofoverlandflow,distributary,crevasse,stagnantwateraswellassignificantchangesinthenaturalenvironmentofdrainageareasandwatercoursesshallbedetermined.
5.3.3Thehistoricalfloodsurveymaybeconductedupstreamordownstreamofthesiteorifnecessary,inthemainandbranchwaterwaysorinanevenlargerarea.
5.3.4Theriverreachtobesurveyedshallhavesufficientfloodmarks,straightwatercourse,stableriverbedandbeundergoodcontrol,withoutmajortributary,backwater,distributaryorbanked-upwater,andwithsimilarcompositionofriverbedmaterialandbankvegetation.
5.3.5Theoccurrencetimeoffloodsshallbeanalyzedanddeterminedaccordingtoimportanthistoricaleventsandimpressiveeventstolocalresidentsinconjunctionwithcollectedhistoricalrecords,suchaschorographies.
5.3.6Atleastthreereliableorrelativelyreliableandtypicalflood
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marksshallbeidentifiedalongoneriverbankforonefloodsurvey,sothattheaccuracyofthefloodmarkscanbevalidatedbycomparingthelineformedbythemwiththewatersurfaceprofileofhighwaterinthereachandtheriverbottomline.
5.3.7Forfloodsurveyinplainareas,thehistoricalwaterlogging,breacheddikes,floodstorage,detentionanddiversion,thedistributionofrivernetworksanddikedareas,therelationofdikedareasandriverbranchestothemainwatercoursesandthedirectionofwaterflowshallallbeidentified.
5.3.8Themeasurementinfloodsurveyshallcoververticalsections,crosssectionsandfloodmarkelevations,andifnecessary,asimpletopographicsurveyshallbeperformedonwatercourses.
5.3.9Theclosingerrorofround-triplevelingforthefloodsurveyshallnotexceed±20√Kmmforplainareasand±6√nmmformountainousregions(whereKisthecalculatedaveragelengthofthemeasuredsegmentinkilometerandnisthenumberofmeasurement
pointsofannexedorcircularlevelinglines).
5.4LowWaterSurvey
5.4.1Duringthelowwatersurveyprocess,thetopographicmapofdrainageareasandriverreachestobesurveyed,thecharacteristicsofdroughtoccurringinthedrainageareasandthewaterrechargesources,relevanthistoricaldocuments,relicsandlowwatersurveyreports,andcurrentstatusandplanningofhydraulicprojectsandindustrial,agriculturalanimalhusbandrywaterinthedrainageareasshallbecollected.
5.4.2Forthehistoricallowwatersurvey,thefollowinginformationshallbecollected:theoccurrencetime,causes,durationsandtherecurrenceintervalofseveredroughts;lowwaterlevelmarksandthe
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DL/T5409.3—2010
waterdepth,thedroughtarea,thewaterrechargesources,thedroughtandwaterconditionwhenthedroughtoccurredandthedroughtprocessandcontinuousdrought,theinfluencesofhumanactivities;thecompositionofriverbedmaterialandriversections;thescourandsiltingoftheriverbedandriverbanks.
5.4.3Thehistoricallowwatersurveyshouldbeconductedindryseasons,andthesurveyresultsobtainedinotherperiodsshallbereviewedindryseasons.Atleast40yearsshallbetracedinsurvey
5.4.4Theupstreamanddownstreamextentofhistoricallowwatersurveyshallbedeterminedaccordingtotherequirementsfordetermininglowwaterinformationandestimatinglowwaterflow.Ifnecessary,severedroughtofadjacentriversshallbesurveyedforreference.
5.4.5Thelowwatersurveyshallbeconductedinwellcontrolledriverreacheswithstraightwatercourse,stableflow,slightscourandsiltingandlesseffectofhumanactivitieswherelow-watermarkscaneasilybesurveyed.
5.4.6Thehistoricallow-watermarkscanbesurveyedinthevicinityofpermanentbuildingsorfacilitiesofwaterresource,harborandtransportationauthorities,riverbankswhereresidentscollectwater,andfishingareasoffishermen.Theoccurrencetimeanddurationshallbeanalyzedanddeterminedaccordingtoimportanthistoricaleventsandimpressiveeventstolocalresidentsinconjunctionwithcollectedhistoricalrecords,suchaschorographies.
5.4.7Thehistoricallowwaterlevelshallbeidentifiedonsitebymorethantwopeople,andmorethanthreelow-watermarksshallbesurveyedforonedryseason.Thelow-watermarksareclassifiedintothreetypesbasedontheirreliability:reliable,relativelyreliable,andinformative.Theclassificationcriteriaincludewhetherthe
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DL/T5409.3—2010
occurrenceoflowwateriswitnessed,whetherthedescriptionisexact,whetherthesupportingevidencesaresufficientandsound,andwhetherthelow-watermarksarefixedandgivesufficientdetails.
5.4.8Thewaterrechargesourcesandthedistributionandwaterquantityofriverbedseepageshallbeidentifiedandobservedasnecessary.
5.4.9Theelevationoflow-watermarks,thecurrentwatersurfaceprofile,theriverbottomline,thecrosssection,thewaterlevelandflowindryseasonsshallbemeasured.
5.4.10Thelowwatersurveyinkarstareasshallbeperformedinaccordancewiththeiruniquecharacteristicsinadditiontothecommonrequirements.Inthecaseofhighlydevelopedkarstareasinthedrainagearea,thelowwaterflowshallbemeasuredalongtheriversinthesurveyedscopetounderstandthevariationcharacteristicsofwaterquantity.
5.4.11Thesurveyshallbefocusedonthedistributionofponors,effluentcavesandriverbedseepageandwaterquantity,thecomposition,originanddestinationofsourceforwaterintakeindryseasons.Connectiontestsusingthewaterleveltransfermethodorthetracermethodshallbeperformedifnecessary.Theupstreamanddownstreamextentoflowwatersurveyinkarstareasshallbedeterminedaccordingtothedistributionofundergroundriversandtherequirementsforlowwaterflowestimation,andifnecessary,surveysshallbeconductedinbranchwaterways.
5.4.12Forkarstsprings,thedistributionoftheiroutcrop,waterquantityandvariationprocess,andtheirmainrechargeareasshallbesurveyed.Thewaterflowofspringsmaybemeasuredusingpropermethodsbasedonthewaterquantity.
5.4.13Thewaterflowindryseasonsshouldbeestimatedusing
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morethantwomethodsforcross-referencetoobtainreasonableresults.
5.4.14Whenestimatingthehistoricallowwaterflowbysurveyingthehistoricallowwaterlevel,thefollowingmethodscanbeusedaccordingtothedistributionoflow-watermarksandthehydrauliccharacteristicsofthereach:
1Wherethereismeasuredflowdata,extendingthewaterlevel-dischargerelationcurvetothelowwaterdirection,comparingtheupstreamanddownstreamwaterflowortherecessioncurvemethodcanbeused.
2Wherethereisnomeasuredflowdata,thehydrometricanalogymethodtomeasurethewaterflowandthethenextendingthewaterlevel-dischargerelationcurvetothelowwaterdirectionforinterpolationcanbeused.Thegradientoflowwaterandtheriverbedroughnessshallbeanalyzedanddeterminedaccordingtoobservedinformation.
3Applicablehydraulicformulascanbeusediftherearenaturalorartificialsectionssuchasrapids,bottlenecks,stonebeamsorweirgatesdownstreamofthesurveyedreach.
4Simulationtestdeterminedsthewaterquantity.
5.5WaterResourcesInvestigation
5.5.1Waterresourceinvestigationshouldbeconductedseparatelyforsurfacewaterandgroundwater
5.5.2Surfacewaterinvestigationshallcoverthefollowing:
1Conversionbetweenprecipitation,evaporation,andsurfacerunoff;
2Time-spacedistributionofsurfacewateramount;
3Statisticofpassing-bywateramount;
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DL/T5409.3—2010
4Investigationonwaterintakeandwatersupply;
5Investigationonwaterconsumption;
6Investigationonenvironmentalwaterconsumption;
7Waterquality;
8Effectsofhumanactivitiesonriverrunoff.
5.5.3Investigationsongroundwaterresourcesshallcoverthefollowing:
1Theamount(reserve)ofshallowgroundwater(includingbrackishwater)anddeepgroundwater,anditstime-spacedistribution;
2Chemicaltypesofgroundwaterandqualityevaluation;
3Theexploitation,utilizationanddistributionofgroundwater;
4Eco-environmentalproblemscausedbyexcessiveexploitation
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