创新思维人教版高中英语选修8课件UNIT3SECTIONⅢ

英语必修⑧·人教版新课标导学Unit3

InventorsandinventionsSectionⅢ

UsingLanguage2合作探究3写作探究4巩固提升5课时作业1自主预习自主预习Ⅰ.单词速记1．freeze(vt./vi.)(使)结冰，冰结；冷藏；呆住→____________(adj.)冰冻的；严寒的；极冷的/(n.)冰点；凝固点→__________(adj.)冷冻的；冷藏的；冻僵的；惊呆的2．_______(v.&n．)轻敲，轻打，轻拍；轻轻地敲击(声)，(水)龙头3．tri­(前缀)＋angle(n.)角，角度→____________(n.)三角形；三角形物体freezing

frozen

tap

triangle

4．__________(adj.)稳固的；稳定的；安定的→__________(adv.)稳固地；稳定地；安定地→_____________(n.)稳定(性)；稳固(性)5．____________(adj.)清白的；无罪的；天真的→_____________(n.)清白；无辜；无罪；天真6．green(adj.)绿色的＋grocer(n.)食品杂货商→_______________(n.)蔬菜水果商，(pl.)蔬菜水果店7．_____________(vt.)联想；联系；交往/(n.)同伴；伙伴→_______________(n.)联想；联系；交往；协会；社团stable

stably

stability

innocent

innocence

greengrocer

associate

association

8．extend(v.)延长，延伸，扩展→_____________(n.)电话分机；扩大；延伸9．______________(n.)能力；胜利；本领→_____________(adj.)能胜任的；有能力的；称职的10．_____________(adj.)实际的，实践的，实用的→____________(v.)练习，训练→____________(n.)练习extension

competence

competent

practical

practise

practice

Ⅱ.短语互译1．setout(todo) ______________2．ringback ____________3．ringoff ____________4．beassociatedwith ________________5．迅速把手伸入；一心投入 ______________6．不挂断；稍等；紧紧握住 ______________7．次序颠倒；发生故障 __________________8．设法联系上(尤指打通电话)；(设法)做完；通过________________开始(做)

回复电话挂断电话和……有联系diveinto

hangon

outoforder

getthrough

Ⅲ.句型结构1．Everytimeyoudoyouwillbecertaintofindsomething...[公式]everytime引导时间状语从句。[仿写]他每次从国外来，我都到机场迎接他。_______________hecomesfromabroad,Iwillmeethimattheairport.2．Itwasthisexploringaroundproblemsandhisspiritsthatledtohisfamousinvention.[公式]此句为强调句。Itis/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他。[仿写]在“东方之星”沉船事故中死亡的人数是442人。___________442people_______losttheirlivesintheOrientalStarSinkingAccident.Everytime

Itwas

who

Ⅳ.课文理解(Ⅰ)阅读课文，选出最佳答案1．AlexanderGrahamBellinventedthemicrophonebecause______.A．hewasinterestedinthemicrophoneB．helikedinventinganythinghelikedC．hewantedtohelpdeafpeoplelikehismothertocommunicatewithothersD．hehadnothingtodobutkillthetimeC

2．WhatwasnotincludedinAlexanderBell’sexperimentmentionedinthepassage？______A．Astraw. B．Amicrophone.C．Smokedglass. D．Adeafman’seardrum.3.WhichofthefollowingisWRONG？______A．Bell’sexplorationanddynamicspiritledtohisinventionofthetelephone.B．Bellinventedthefirsttelephoneinsearchingtoimprovethetelegraph.C．Bellwasalwaysaimedatimprovingthequalityofeveryone’slife.D．Bellsenthisfirsttelephonemessagebeforehegothispatent.B

D

4．FromthewholepassagewecanseethatAlexanderGrahamBellwasa(n)______person.A．poor B．creativeC．rich D．kind5．Themainideaofthepassageisabout______.A．AlexanderGrahamBell’slifeB．AlexanderGrahamBell’slifeandinventionsC．AlexanderGrahamBell’sinventionsD．howAlexanderGrahamBellinventedthetelephoneB

B

(Ⅱ)课文语法填空AlexanderGrahamBellisagreatinventor.Hebelievedthat1._____________(curious)wasagoodqualityforinventors.Thoughheisrememberedastheinventorofthetelephone,heneversetout2.______________(invent)itandwhathewastryingtodesignwasamultipletelegraph.Onedayashewasexperimenting3.________oneendofastraw4.__________(join)toadeafman’seardrumand5._______othertoapieceofsmokedglass,herealizedthatifsoundwavescould6.__________________(reproduce)inamovingelectricalcurrent,theycouldbesentalongawire.curiosity

toinvent

with

joined

the

bereproduced

Thenheinventedthefirsttelephone.Bellwas7._________(full)awareoftheimportanceofhisinvention.Hethoughtthedaywascoming8.________telegraphwireswould9.____________(lay)ontohouses. AlthoughBellismostoftenassociatedwiththeinventionofthetelephone,hewasindeedasearcherafter10._____________(practice)solutionstoimprovethequalityofeveryone’slife.fully

when

belaid

practical

寻规巧记词合作探究①Theladderdoesn’tseemverystable.这个梯子好像不太稳。②Hewasclearlynotaverystableperson.很明显，他不是一个很沉稳的人。③Thisisapoliticallystablecountry.这是一个政治上稳定的国家。核心词汇1．stableadj.

稳定的；稳固的；安定的stabilityn.稳定(性)stabilize

v.

稳定；稳固stablyadv.稳定地；沉稳地当表示“相对不变的事物的稳定”时，用stable；而当表示“运动中的稳定”时用steady。补全句子我们必须确保在2017年经济快速而稳定地发展。Weshouldmakesureof________________________________ineconomyin2017.afastandstabledevelopment

①PeoplealwaysassociateHangzhouwiththeWestLake.提起杭州，人们总是联想到西湖。②Heisnotafriendbutanassociate.他是同事，而不是朋友。2．associatev.

联想；联系n.同伴；伙伴(1)associate...with...把……和……联系起来(2)associatedadj.有关联的beassociatedwith...与……有关/有瓜葛(3)associationn．协会；联盟；联合inassociationwith...与……有关联；与……相联系；与……结合①Youshouldn’talwaysassociatehappinesswithmoney.你不应该老是把幸福跟钱联系在一起。②Theearthquakesaresaidtobecloselyassociatedwithlarge­scaleicelossevents.据说地震与大规模的冰损活动有密切关系。③Weareworkinginassociationwithanumberoflocalcompaniestoraisemoneyforthehomeless.我们正与本地许多公司联合为无家可归的人筹款。补全句子①Peopleoften___________________________________________.人们经常将祖国与母亲联系在一起。②Idon’twantto_______________________________themanymore.我不想再和他们交往了。③Light________________________sight.光与视力相联系。④Thefilmwasproduced_________________________anindependentcompany.这部电影是在一个独立公司的帮助下拍摄完成的。associatetheircountrywithmother

associate(myself)with

isassociatedwith

inassociationwith

①Weneedpracticalplans,ratherthanuselessfantasy.我们需要实际计划，而不是无用的幻想。②Bepractical!Wecan’taffordthecarandthevacation!实际点吧！我们没有足够的钱既去买汽车又去度假！③Ithinkpracticalexperienceismoreimportantthanknowledge.我认为实践经验比知识更重要。④Itisverypractical—itcanmakealmosteverything.它很实用，几乎可以制造任何东西。3．practicaladj.实际的；实践的；实用的practicen.[U]实践；练习；惯例inpractice(＝infact)在实践中，实际上put/bring...in/intopractice实行；实施practise(美practice)vt.实践；练习；训练；从事(法律专业、医务工作等)practisedoingsth.练习做某事补全句子①Whenweplanourvacation,motheroftenoffers__________________(实用的建议)．②Atweekends,littleTomoften______________________(练习拉)theviolinwithhissister.practicalsuggestions

practicesplaying

①Assoonasheundertookthistask,hedivedintohiswork.他一承担了这项任务，就埋头于工作。②Shedivedintoherpocketandtookoutajelly.她迅速把手伸入口袋掏出了一个果冻。③Hedivedintotherivertosavethedrowningchild.他跳入河中去救那个溺水的孩子。重点短语1．diveinto一心投入；迅速把手伸入；跳水(头朝下)“一心投入……；专心于……”的多种表达法：devoteoneselftobeabsorbedinfixone’smindon/uponkeepone’smindonbelostinconcentrateon写出句中diveinto的含义①Justthen,theman___________hispocketandtookoutasharpknife.________________②Findahobbyoranactivityyouenjoyand__________it.____________________③Youshould__________theseatofindapearl.________divedinto

迅速把手伸入diveinto

沉浸于，一心投入diveinto

跳入①ThelinewasengagedandtheoperatoraskedifI’dliketohangon.电话占线了，话务员问我是否愿意等一下(别挂断电话)。②It’shardworkbutifyouhangonyou’llsucceedintheend.这是件困难的工作，但如果你坚持不懈，最后是能成功的。2．hangon不挂断；紧紧握住；稍等hangon作“别挂断，坚持”讲时等于holdon。hangonto紧紧抓住……；保留……hangback畏缩不前；退缩hangup挂起；挂断电话hangabout拖延；闲逛hangout常去某处；泡在某处getthehangof了解；熟悉Don’thangbackinthefaceofdifficulties.不要因为困难而却步。Youhangoutwiththatcarmorethanyouhangoutwithyourownson.你在那辆车上花的时间，比你用在儿子身上的时间还要多。单句语法填空①Hangon______therope;don’tletitgo.②Sorry,Ihavetohang______.It’stimeformetogotowork.③Iknowyou’retired,buttrytohang______abitlonger.④Sheknewalltheclubswhereheusuallyhung_________________.补全句子⑤Itisdifficultforaforeignerto_________________(掌握)Englishidioms.解析：句意：对一个外国人来说，掌握英语习语很难。getthehangof“了解，熟悉，掌握”，符合句意。to

up

on

about/around

getthehangof

①(机器或设备等)发生故障，失灵Mywatchwasoutoforder.我的手表出故障了。②次序颠倒(紊乱)；排列错误Icheckedthefilesandsomeofthepaperswereoutoforder.我检查过案卷，其中有些未按顺序编排。3．outoforder(1)outoforder的反义词组：inorder整齐，状况良好，适宜，按顺序(2)类似的短语有：outofbreath上气不接下气outofcontrol失去控制outofdanger脱离危险outofdate过时的，过期的outofplace不合适的(不相称的，不适合的)outofquestion毫无疑问，一定，当然outofreach够不着outofsight看不见，在视野之外outoftouch失去联系outofwork失业①I’llseethateverythingisingoodorderwhentheguestsarrive.客人来时我会把一切都料理得井井有条的。②Hisideaisreallyoutofdate.他的想法太过时了。③I’moutoftouchwithmostofthefriendsofmyschooldays.我和大部分学生时代的朋友们都失去联系了。补全句子①Wetriedinvaintoreachyoulastnight.Wasyourphone_______________.我们昨晚没有联系上你。你的电话出故障了吗？②Afterrunningforamileyesterday,Iwasalmost________________.昨天跑了一里路之后，我几乎就上气不接下气了。③Themotherwavedgoodbyetoherdaughteruntilthetrainwas__________.这位妈妈挥手和女儿道别，直到火车驶出了视线。outoforder

outofbreath

outofsight

①Itriedseveraltimes,butcouldn’tgetthrough.我打了好几次电话，但都没打通。②Wewereverygladwhenweheardthatyouhadgotthroughyourexam.听说你考试及格了，我们都很高兴。③Thegovernmentmanagedtogetthenewlawthrough.政府终于通过了新的法案。④Thesechildrengotthroughwiththeirhomeworkatschool.这些孩子在学校就把家庭作业完成了。4．getthrough设法联系上(尤指打电话)；(设法)做完；通过(考试)；成功getacross被理解，被传达；把……讲清楚getawaywith干了(坏事)而不受处罚getdownto开始认真做……(to为介词)getover克服geton/along(with)进展；进步；与……相处getaround/round到处走动；传播出去；成功地对付，解决getin进来；进站；被录取getout出去；(消息)被泄露；逃脱；出版getdown记下；下来；咽下；使沮丧单句语法填空①Thenumberofpeoplewhoappliedforthatjobwasupto100.Nonegot___________theinterviewbecauseoftheirpoorEnglish,though.解析：句意：申请那份工作的人数达到了100。但是因为他们的英语太糟糕，没有一人通过面试。考查动词短语。getthrough通过(面试、考试等)。②Sowhenyouwanttoget_______，youshouldmakeyourselfclosetothefloor.解析：句意：所以当你想着出去时，你应该让自己靠近地面。考查动词短语。getout意为“出去”，与题干信息“closetothefloor”吻合。through

out

③OnedayTedgot________onthefloorandcrawled(爬)underhisbed.解析：句意：某天Ted下来到了地板上并且爬到了他的床底下。考查动词短语。getdown意为“下来”，符合题干语境“onthefloor”和“underhisbed”。④Operator,I’vebeentryingtomakephonecallfornearly10minutesandIjustcan’tget___________.解析：句意：接线员，我一直试着打了接近10分钟的电话了，我都不能打通。考查动词短语。getthrough意为“设法联系(尤指打通电话)”与题干信息“Operator”

“phonecall”吻合。down

through

⑤Whilethestudentscamefromdifferentcountries,theygot_________quitewellinthesummercamp.解析：句意：尽管学生们来自不同的国家，可是他们在夏令营相处得却很好。考查动词短语。getalongwell意为“相处得好”。along

①Youcanringhimbackifyouarefree.如果你有空的话给他回个电话。②Ididn’tgetthroughjustnowbutsoonherangback.刚才我没接通(电话)，但很快他就打了回来。5．ringsb.back回复电话ringoff挂断ringout发出响亮而清晰的声音ringsb.up给某人打电话ringround给各处打电话I’llringyouuptonight.今晚我要给你打电话。Apistolshotrangout.发令枪响了。

补全句子①Iwill________________(回复电话)assoonasIfindsomethingwrong.②Johnrangtoyou;hewantedyouto______________him________(给……回电话)．③I’llhaveto____________________(挂断电话)now.Ihaveatraintocatch.④Canyou___________________(别挂断)？I’lltrytofindher.ring/callback

ring/call

back

ringoff/hangup

holdon/hangon

难点解析1．Everytimeyoudoyouwillbecertaintofindsomethingthatyouhaveneverseenbefore.每次你这样做的时候，你一定会发现你从未见过的东西。everytime,eachtime,nexttime,thelasttime,immediately,themoment,theminute等可用从属连词，引导时间状语从句。ThemomentIgotoffthetrain,Isawmyfather.我一下火车就看到了我的父亲。Everytimehecomeshere,heasksmeformoney.每次来，他都向我要钱。Immediatelyheturnedupattheairport,hewassurroundedbythereporters.他一出现在机场，就被记者包围了。单句改错①OnetimeIpassedboyswhowereplayingbasketball,Istoppedtosilentlywatchthem.______________解析：句意：每次我从正在打篮球的男孩旁边经过时，我都停下来默默地看着他们。考查连词。everytime意为“每次”，引导时间状语从句。One→Every

单句语法填空②_______________(immediate)Iwasfoundcompatible(相匹配的),myjourneyasakidneyproviderbegan.解析：句意：我一被发现相匹配，我作为肾源供应人的旅途就开始了。考查连词。immediately意为“立刻；马上”，引导时间状语从句。③_______lasttimeIwasthereheintroducedmebysaying.解析：句意：我最后一次在那里时，他口头上对我做了介绍。thelasttime意为“最后一次”，为固定搭配，引导时间状语从句。Immediately

The

④_________momentyoudecidetogiveuporstopworkingtowardyourgoals,failureisborn.解析：句意：你一决定放弃或者停止朝着目标工作，失败就诞生了。考查连词。themoment“一……就……”，为固定搭配，引导时间状语从句。The

本句中含有重要结构：“祈使句＋and＋(表结果的)简单句”，祈使句表示“条件”，简单句表示“结果”，通常使用一般将来时。句型“祈使句＋and＋(表结果的)简单句”的意义为“干某事，那么就会……”；“祈使句＋or/orelse/otherwise＋(表结果的)简单句”的意义为“干某事，否则就会……”，连词or可用orelse/otherwise替代。2．Followitup,exploreallaroundit,andbeforeyouknowit,youwillhavesomethingworththinkingabouttooccupyyourmind.跟踪下去，不断探索，不知不觉中，你就会发现某种值得思考的东西盘踞在你的头脑。①Workhardand(＝Ifyouworkhard)youwillpassyourexaminations.你若用功，考试就能及格。②Arrivelateoncemoreand(＝Ifyouarrivelateoncemore)you’refired.你再迟到一次，就把你开除。③Turntheheatdownoryourcakewillburn.把热度调低吧，要不蛋糕就要糊了。④Runorelseyou’llbelate.快跑，不然你要迟到了。⑤Putthecapbackonthebottle,otherwisethejuicewillspill.把瓶盖儿盖好，要不汁液就洒出来了。句型转换①Workhard,andyouwillsucceedsoonerorlater.→_______________________，youwillsucceedsoonerorlater.②Hurryup,oryouwillbelateforthemeeting.→________________________，youwillbelateforthemeeting.单句改错③Don’tturnoffthecomputerbeforeclosingallprograms,youcouldhaveproblems.________________________Ifyouworkhard

Ifyoudon’thurryup

you前加or或otherwise

find＋n.(宾语)＋adj.(宾补)＋todo(todo作状语修饰adj.)是find＋it＋adj.(宾补)＋todosth.(it是形式宾语，todosth.是真正的宾语)的变式注意：“todo”形式中当“do”为不及物动词时，应在后面加上适当的介词。并且动词不定式使用一般式。Themanfoundtheriverdangeroustoswimin.＝Themanfounditdangeroustoswimintheriver.这个人发现在这条河里游泳很危险。3．Buthefoundtheproblemdifficulttosolve.但是他发现这个问题很难解决。find后的宾语可以是名词或代词，而补语则可由许多成分充当：(1)find＋宾语＋形容词/副词/介词短语。如：①Iseldomfoundhimout.我很少发现他外出。②WhenIwokeupIfoundmyselfinahospital.当我醒来时，我发现自己在医院里。(2)find＋宾语＋现在分词。如：Theyfoundthelostboyhidinginthecave.他们发现那个失踪的男孩藏在洞里。(3)find＋宾语＋过去分词。如：Wefoundtheplaceoutsidegreatlychanged.我们发现外面全变了。(4)find＋宾语＋名词。如：Ifindhimaneasymantoworkwith.我觉得他是个容易共事的人。单句语法填空①Ifoundhimeasy____________________(getalong)．解析：句意：我发现他很容易相处。本题属于find＋n.(宾语)＋adj.(宾补)＋todo结构，在此结构中要求todo使用一般式，并且当do为不及物动词时，应加上适当的介词。togetalongwith

②Ilikegettingupveryearlyinsummer.Themorningairissogood__________(breathe)．解析：句意：在夏季，我喜欢早起。呼吸早晨的空气有益于身心。本句还可以转换为：Itissogood(forus)tobreathethemorningair.不定式(短语)修饰作表语或补足语的形容词时，通常采用主动形式表示被动含义。③Theyfoundthelecturehard__________________(understand);theyallfeltsleepy.解析：句意：他们发现这个讲座很难懂，所以他们都有恹恹欲睡的感觉。不定式修饰作表语或补足语的形容词时，如果和句子的主语之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系，不定式通常采用主动形式表示被动含义。tobreathe

tounderstand

(1)4．Thedayiscomingwhentelegraphwireswillbelaidontohousesjustlikewaterorgas—andfriendswilltalktoeachotherwithoutleavinghome.这样的一天即将到来。到那时，电报线将会铺到各家各户，就像水或煤气通到各家各户一样。朋友之间不必离开家就可以彼此通话了。(2)本句中的先行词theday和定语从句分隔了，这样的定语从句为分隔式的定语从句。①ThedaysaregoneforeverwhentheChinesewerelookeddownupon.中国人被瞧不起的日子一去不复返了。②Wewillputoffthepicnicintheparkuntilnextweekwhentheweathermaybebetter.我们将会把去公园野餐的时间推迟到下周，那个时候天气可能会更好一些。翻译句子①不用离开家就能工作、购物的日子已经来到。_________________________________________________________________单句改错②Asthesmallestchildofhisfamily,Alexisalwayslongingforthetimewhereheshouldbeabletobeindependent._______________Thedayshavecomewhenpeoplecanworkandshopwithoutleavinghome.

where→when

写作探究如何写求职信(Letterofapplication)求职信属于应用文中的书信类。写作时，要注意书信的一些基本格式。首先，要注意开篇交代句、末尾总结句和常识性语句，提高文章的呼应性。开篇句往往交代得知消息的渠道，并表明求职心愿。如：I’velearnedfromthenewspaperthatyouareemployinga．..andI’mveryinterestedinit.末尾句往往表达希望能很快收到答复的迫切愿望并表明感激之情。如：Iwouldbeverythankfulifyouwouldgivemeanearlyreply.第二，求职信往往需要介绍自己的姓名、年龄、身高、健康状况、业余爱好、特长、工作态度及人际关系等。常见的短语有beingoodhealth,begoodat,beexpertin,haverichworkingexperience,enjoydoingsth.，inone’ssparetime,bestrictwith,bekindto,getonwellwith等。此外，要防止遗漏要点。如果是针对广告招聘的求职信，应认真阅读广告，明确招聘要求，并对照自己的条件，逐一加以介绍，同时还要注上自己的通讯地址和联系方式。注意：1.篇幅不宜太长，要简明扼要。2．态度要诚恳，实事求是。3．所展示的信息要精炼且有针对性。4．语气要客气、礼貌。5．可用各种时态，通常用一般现在时和一般过去时。常用句型1．开头。说明写求职信的缘由与动机。Iwouldliketoapplytobecomea(an)．..inyourcompany.Intoday’snewspaperInoticedyouradvertisementfor...I’mwritingthislettertoapplyfor...2．正文。介绍个人情况。Igraduatedfrom...Iammajoringin.../Mymajoris...Iamexperiencedin.../Ihaveexperienceof...Ihavehadfouryears’experienceinmypr