福建省三明市尤溪县普通高中高三（最后冲刺）新高考英语试卷及答案解析

福建省三明市尤溪县普通高中高三（最后冲刺）新高考英语试卷注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号和座位号填写在试题卷和答题卡上。用2B铅笔将试卷类型（B）填涂在答题卡相应位置上。将条形码粘贴在答题卡右上角"条形码粘贴处"。2．作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。答案不能答在试题卷上。3．非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答无效。4．考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．—Haveyouwatchedthefilm“Avatar”?—Notyet.ButIthefilmisworthwatching.A．amtold B．wastold C．havetold D．havebeentold2．Notuntiltheyleftschool________howmuchtheirteacherslovedthemandhelpedthem.A．theyrealized B．didtheyrealizedC．thewouldrealized D．hadtheyrealized3．Jane’spalefacesuggestedthatshe______illandherparentssuggestedthatshe______amedicalexam.A．be;shouldhave B．was;haveC．shouldbe;had D．was;had4．Itwasthebelief________hecouldfindhis“root”inAfrica________madeAlexdecidetogotoGambia.A．that;where B．where;thatC．that;that D．how;which5．Thehigh-anxietyfocusonreadingscoremayhavenarrowedstudent________toknowledgeabouttheworldthatcanimprovetheirreading.A．idea B．aid C．belief D．access6．Thewetweatherwillcontinuetomorrow,whenacoldfronttoarrive.A．isexpectedB．isexpectingC．expectsD．willbeexpected7．—CouldyouturntheTVdownalittlebit?—________.Isitdisturbingyou?A．Takeiteasy.B．I’msorry.C．NotabitD．Itdepends8．Johnhadplannedtomakeacompromise,buthechangedhismindatthelastminute.A．anyhow B．otherwiseC．therefore D．somehow9．_____gaspricesarerising,peoplearelookingforlessexpensivewaystogetaround.A．NowthatB．EvenifC．AlthoughD．Unless10．Thebooksonthedesk,coversareshiny,areprizesforus.A．which B．what C．whose D．that11．Hehaswrittentwoarticlesforthejournal，onetobepublishedinthisissue，theotherto___________inthenext.A．turnout B．comeoutC．bringout. D．leaveout12．TheChinesegovernmenthasbegunacampaignto_____________thecrazyhousingmarket.A．calm B．destroyC．occupy D．reflect13．UsuallyBeijingRoastDuck_____togetherwithspecialpancakes,greenonionsandsweetsauce.A．wasservedB．willserveC．isservedD．served14．---Don’tworry,Mum.Thedoctorsaiditwasonlytheflu.---__________!I’lltelldadthere’snothingserious.A．CongratulationsB．WhatareliefC．HowsurprisingD．I’msosorry15．ClassTwo,ourclassbecametheBasketballChampionofourschool.A．Beating B．tobeat C．Beatenby D．Havingbeaten16．Ithinkthatthisisthebestmobilephoneavailableintheworld.Nootheronecan________it.A．compare B．match C．produce D．win17．Peterson,agreatarchaeologist,said:“Archaeologistshavebeenextremelypatientbecausewewereledtobelievethattheministrywas________thisproblem,butwefeelthatwecan'twaitanylonger.”A．lookingout B．bringingout C．carryingout D．sortingout18．Membershipofthisclubisopentothosewhoareitsaim.A．insalutetoB．inhonourofC．inlinewithD．insympathywith19．—It’ssohumidthesedays!—Don’tworry!Therain________tostopfromtomorrow.A．willexpectB．expectsC．willbeexpectedD．isexpected20．－Whatiftherainstormcontinues?－Comeonguys!Wehavetomeetthe_______whatevertheweather.A．standard B．demandC．deadline D．satisfaction第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21．（6分）DowomenmakeBETTERastronauts?Russialocksanall-femalecrewinspacesimulator(太空模拟器)foreightdaystofindout.SixRussianwomenhavebeensentintoaspaceshiptobeginauniqueexperimenttestinghowanall-femalecrewwouldrelatetoothersonatriptotheMoonandback.“It’sinterestingforustoseewhatisspecialaboutthewayafemalecrewcommunicates,”saidSergeiPonomaryov,theexperiment’sleader.“itwillbeparticularlyinterestingintermsofpsychology,”saidtheinstitute’sdirectorIgorUshakov.“I’dliketowishyoualackofconflicts,eventhoughtheysaythatinonekitchen,twohousewivesfindithardtolivetogether,”headded.Thevolunteersincludescientificresearchers,adoctorandapsychologist.Thetestperiodsimulates(模仿)aflighttotheMoonandback,withthewomencarryingout10experimentscoveringpsychologyandhumanbiology.Russiasentthefirstwomanintospace,ValentinaTereshkova,in1963buthasfallenbehindsince.Lastyear,itsentitsfourthfemaleastronautintospace,YelenaSerova.SeravacomplainedofagreatdealofmediainterestinhowshewouldwashherhairaboardtheInternationalSpaceStation,pointingoutthatmaleastronautsdidnotfacethesamelineofquestioning.Thewomenfoundthemselvesfieldingquestionsatapressconferenceabouthowtheywouldactwithoutmenormakeupforeightdays,“Weareverybeautifulwithoutmakeup,”saidparticipantDaryaKomissarova.HercolleagueAnnaKussmaulwasmoredirect:“Wearedoingwork.Whenyou’redoingyourwork,youdon’tthinkaboutmenandwomen.”Theyplantospendtheir11/2hoursperdayoffreetimewatchingfilms,readingandplayingboardgames.TeamleaderYelenaLuchnitskayasaidsheexpectedthewomentodealwithanyconflict.1、Inwhichcolumncanyoufindthispassageonawebsite?A．Education. B．Entertainment.C．Science. D．Economy.2、What’sthepurposeoftheexperiment?A．Toshowthatwomencandobetterthanmen.B．Totestwhetherwomencanbegoodastronauts.C．Togatherinformationabouttheconditionsinspace.D．Tomeasurethedistancefromtheearthtothemoon.3、WhatdoweknowfromwhatIgorUshakovsaid?A．Womencannotlivepeacefullyinspaceatall.B．Theremaybeconflictsamongthewomenastronauts.C．Thefemalecrewwilldealwitheachotherinanewway.D．Beinginthesamekitchenhelpsthewomenlivetogether.4、Whichofthefollowingwasoncesentintospace?A．SergeiPonomarev. B．DaryaKomissarova.C．AnnaKussmaul. D．ValentinaTereshkova.22．（8分）Everybodylovesafatpayrise.Yetpleasureatyourowncanvanishifyoulearnthatacolleaguehasbeengivenabiggerone.Indeed,ifhehasareputationforslacking,youmightevenbeoutraged.Suchbehaviourisregardedas“alltoohuman,”withtheunderlyingassumptionthatotheranimalswouldnotbecapableofthisfinelydevelopedsenseofgrievance(不满,不平).ButastudybySarahBrosnanandFransdeWaalofEmoryUniversityinAtlanta,Georgia,whichhasjustbeenpublishedinNature,suggeststhatitisalltoomonkey,aswell.Theresearchersstudiedthebehaviouroffemalebrowncapuchinmonkeys.Theylookcute.Theyaregood-natured,co-operativecreatures,andtheysharetheirfoodreadily.Aboveall,liketheirfemalehumancounterparts,theytendtopaymuchcloserattentiontothevalueof“goodsandservices”thanmales.SuchcharacteristicsmakethemperfectcandidatesforDr.Brosnan’sandDr.deWaalsstudy.Theresearchersspenttwoyearsteachingtheirmonkeystoexchangetokensforfood.Normally,themonkeyswerehappyenoughtoexchangepiecesofrockforslicesofcucumber.However,whentwomonkeyswereplacedinseparatebutadjoiningchambers,sothateachcouldobservewhattheotherwasgettinginreturnforitsrock,theirbehaviourbecamemarkedlydifferent.Intheworldofcapuchins,grapesareluxurygoods(andmuchpreferabletocucumbers).Sowhenonemonkeywashandedagrapeinexchangeforhertoken,thesecondwasreluctanttohandhersoverforamerepieceofcucumber.Andifonereceivedagrapewithouthavingtoprovidehertokeninexchangeatall,theothereithertossedherowntokenattheresearcheroroutofthechamber,orrefusedtoacceptthesliceofcucumber.Indeed,themerepresenceofagrapeintheotherchamber(withoutanactualmonkeytoeatit)wasenoughtoinduceresentment(愤恨)inafemalecapuchin.Theresearcherssuggestthatcapuchinmonkeys,likehumans,areguidedbysocialemotions.Inthewild,theyareaco-operative,group-livingspecies.Suchcooperationislikelytobestableonlywheneachanimalfeelsitisnotbeingcheated.Feelingsofrighteousindignation(愤慨),itseems,arenotthepreserveofpeoplealone.Refusingalesserrewardcompletelymakesthesefeelingsabundantlycleartoothermembersofthegroup.However,whethersuchasenseoffairnessevolvedindependentlyincapuchinsandhumans,orwhetheritstemsfromthecommonancestorthatthespecieshad35millionyearsago,is,asyet,anunansweredquestion.361、Intheopeningparagraph,theauthorintroduceshistopicby________.A．makingacomparison B．justifyinganassumptionC．makingaconclusion D．explainingaphenomenon1、Thestatement“itisalltoomonkey”(Lastline,ParagraphI)impliesthat________.A．resentingunfairnessisalsomonkeysnatureB．monkeysarealsooutragedbyslackrivalsC．monkeys,likehumans,tendtobejealousofeachotherD．noanimalsotherthanmonkeyscandevelopsuchemotions2、Dr.BrosnanandDr.deWaalhaveeventuallyfoundintheirstudythatthemonkeys________.A．prefergrapestocucumbersB．willnotbeco-operativeiffeelingcheatedC．canbetaughttoexchangethingsD．areunhappywhenseparatedfromothers3、Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A．Monkeyscanbetrainedtodevelopsocialemotions.B．Cooperationamongmonkeysremainsstableonlyinthewild.C．Animalsusuallyshowtheirfeelingsopenlyashumansdo.D．Humanindignationevolvedfromanuncertainsource.23．（8分）Yourhousemayhaveaneffectonyourfigure.Expertssaythewayyoudesignyourhomecouldplayaroleinwhetheryoupackonthepoundsorkeepthemoff.Youcanmakeyourenvironmentworkforyouinsteadofagainstyou.Herearesomewaystoturnyourhomeintopartofyourdietplan.Openthecurtainsandturnupthelights.Darkenvironmentsaremorelikelytoencourageovereating,forpeopleareoftenlessself­conscious(难为情)whenthey’reinpoorlylitplaces—andsomorelikelytoeatlotsoffood.Ifyourhomedoesn’thaveenoughwindowlight,getmorelampsandfloodtheplacewithbrightness.Mindthecolors.Researchsuggestswarmcolorsfuelourappetites.Inonestudy,peoplewhoatemealsinablueroomconsumed33percentlessthanthoseinayelloworredroom.Warmcolorslikeyellowmakefoodappearmoreappetizing,whilecoldcolorsmakeusfeellesshungry.Sowhenit’stimetorepaint,goblue.Don’tforgettheclock—ortheradio.Peoplewhoeatslowlytendtoconsumeabout70fewercalories(卡路里)permealthanthosewhorushthroughtheirmeals.Beginkeepingtrackofthetime,andtrytomakedinnerlastatleast30minutes.Andwhileyou’reatit,actuallysitdowntoeat.Ifyouneedsomehelpslowingdown,turnonrelaxingmusic.Itmakesyoulesslikelytorushthroughameal.Downsizethedishes.Bigservingbowlsandplatescaneasilymakeusfat.Weeatabout22percentmorewhenusinga12­inchplateinsteadofa10­inchplate.Whenwechoosealargespoonoverasmallerone,totalintake(摄入)jumpsby14percent.Andwe’llpourabout30percentmoreliquidintoashort,wideglassthanatall,skinnyglass.1、Thetextisespeciallyhelpfulforthosewhocareabout____________.A．theirhomecomforts B．theirbodyshapeC．housebuying D．healthydiets2、Ahomeenvironmentinbluecanhelppeople______________.A．digestfoodbetter B．reducefoodintakeC．burnmorecalories D．regaintheirappetites3、Whatarepeopleadvisedtodoatmealtimes?A．Eatquickly. B．Playfastmusic.C．Usesmallerspoons. D．Turndownthelights.4、Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．IsYourHouseMakingYouFat? B．WaysofServingDinnerC．EffectsofSelf­Consciousness D．IsYourHomeEnvironmentRelaxing?24．（8分）Inthird-worldcountriessuchasSwazilandandHaiti,a$15-dollarinventionismakingaworldofdifference.Nokero,acompanystartedbyBrianRants,sellslampsthatdonotrequirekerosene(蓖麻油).Thesesolarlampshavebecomeastaple(主流产品)incountriesinAfrica,toprovidelightforreadingandsafetyatnight.Nokcrohassoldover500,000lampsinover120countriessinceitwasfirstfoundedin2010andRantsthinksthedemandforhisproductwillonlycontinuetoincrease.Mostlampsfoundinthird-worldcountriescurrentlyrequirekerosenetorun.butkerosenecausesindoorpollutionandhasbeenlinkedtofiresthathavecausedoveramilliondeaths.Insteadofexperiencingtheeffectsofsmoking40cigarettesadayfromkerosenelamps,Rantsthinkshissolarlampscouldbetheanswerforthird-worldcountries.TheEconomistagrees,callingsolarlights“thenextbiginnovationfortheworld’spoor”.Nokero’ssolarlampsarehigherinqualityandlessexpensivethanalotofsolartechnology,makingthemapracticaloptionformanypeopleinthirdworldcountries.Ratherthangivingsolarlampstoindividualsinneed.Nokero’smissionistomakethemaffordable.ThroughresearchRantshasrealizedthatindividualswhobuyasolarproducttakebettercareofitandvalueitmorethaniftheyhadreceiveditforfree.FamilieswhobuyNokero’ssolarlampsmakeupthecostinjustafewmonthsofnothavingtobuykeroseneorpayforoff-the-gridelectricity.SomeactivistshaveattackedcompaniessuchasNokeroforsellingproductstothepoorratherthansimplygivingthemoutforfree.Theyarguethatthesecompaniesunfairlyprofitoffthepoor.However,Rantsdisagrees.Familiesreceiveaproductthatismuchhigherinqualitythanwhattheymightreceiveforfreeandfeelasenseofownershiphavingpurchaseditforthemselves.1、Whatdoweknowaboutthesolarlampsinthepassage?A．Theysaveenergyandcausenopollution.B．Theyequaltheeffectof40cigarettesaday.C．Theyaregiventotheindividualsfreeofcharge.D．Theyhelptosavekeroseneinthird-worldcountries.2、AccordingtoRants,ifthepoorarcgiventhelampsforfree,they.A．willhavetopayforkeroseneorelectricityB．willnottakegoodcareorvaluethelampsC．willfeelasenseofownershipofthelampsD．won’thelptoincreasethesalesofthelamps3、Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A．Aninnovationoftheworld.B．Advantagesofthesolarlights.C．Solutiontoworld’spovertyproblems.D．Heavypollutioncausedbykerosenelamps.4、WhichworddescribesBrianRants?A．Honest.B．Thoughtful.C．Charitable.D．Greedy.25．（10分）Spendingmoneyontime-savingservicesreducesstressandboosts(增进）happiness，accordingtoanewresearch,butshockingly,fewofusdoit.Whillans,aprofessoratHBSsaid,“Buyingtimehelpstoprotectusfromthestressinourlivescausedbytimepressure,andthefeelingthatwedon’thaveenoughminutesinthedaytocompleteourtasks.’’TheeffectwasclearestintheCanadianexperiment,inwhich60workingadultsweregiven$40tospendintwodifferentways.Oneweekend,theyweretoldtospendthemoneyonamaterialpurchase—agiftforthemselves.Thenextweekend,theywereinstructedtospendthe$40onanythingthatsavedthemtime，frompayingtheneighbor’skidtorunerrands(跑腿）totakinganUberinsteadofabus.Onthedaytheymadethetime-savingpurchase,theyfelthappier,inabettermood,andlowerfeelingsoftimestressthanonthedaytheyboughtamaterialpurchase，’’saidWhillans.Thebiggestsurprisetotheresearcherswashowfewpeoplewouldspendmoneyontime-savingservices.Whentheyasked98workingadultshowtheywouldspenda“windfall”of$40，onlytwopercentnamedapurchasethatwouldsavethemtime.“Onereason，’’saidWhillans，isthatwe'reverybadatrememberinghowmuchwehatedoingcertaintasksoncethesufferinghaspassed.Thatmakesuslesslikelytotakeactivestepstoavoidthatoverburdenedfeelinginthefuture.”Butanotherpossiblecauseisgoodold-fashionedguilt.“Ifyoufeelguiltyaboutgettingsomeonetocleanyourhouseforyou,thenyoumightgetlesshappinessfromoutsourcing(外包）thattask，”saidWhillans，uoryoumightjustbelesslikelytospendyourmoneyinthatway.’’1、IntheCanadianexperiment,theparticipants.A．weredividedintotwogroupsB．weregiven$40everytwoweeksC．wereaskedtogivemoneytoaneighborJskidD．wereaskedtospendthemoneyindifferentways2、Accordingtotheauthor,whatcanmakepeoplelesstime-stressed?A．Payingmuchforaconcertticket.B．Takingaregularbustogettowork.C．Employingsomeonetocleanthegarden.D．Buyingthemselvesanexpensivepresent.3、Whenitcomestospendingmoneyon‘‘buyingtime”，.A．nopeoplewouldliketodoitB．asmallpercentageofpeoplechoosetodoitC．morepeoplewilldoitifextramoneyisgivenD．mostpeopleliketheideabutdon’tpracticeitinlife4、Whatdotheunderlinedwords“thatoverburdenedfeeling”inParagraph6referto?A．Thegoodold-fashionedguilt.B．Thefeelingofspending’moneyongoods.C．Thestressofhavingsomeonecleanyourhouse.D．Thediscomfortwhencompletingtaskswehatedoing.第三部分语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项．26．（30分）MyhusbandandIinsistedthatourchildrenwereoldenoughtocleantheirroomsandmaketheirbeds.Buttheythought1.Mycomplaints,evenself-justifiedshouting.werealwayslandingon2ears.Veryoftenawholehour’sscoldingwouldendwiththeir3intotears,Ifeltveryfrustrated.IrealizedIneededto4mymethodof“mothering”.Onedaywhentheywereatschool,Ispentsometime5theirrooms.Ontheirdesks,inplain6,Ileftthecards:“DearBill(theothercardwas7toSarah,yourroomwasmessythismorningandI’msureyoulikeitclean.Love.theRoomFairy.”8arrivingback,thechildrenwere9excitedtoreceivethelittlemolefromtheRomFairy.Thenextday.theirroomwerefairlytidy.Sureenough.therewasanothernotefromtheRoomFairy10forthem,thankingthemfortheirnice“gift”ofacleanroomand11akingthemtoplayacertainviolin12.Eachday,thank-younoteswouldbewrittendifferentlytokeeptheideas13.SometimestheRoomFairywouldproposealittle14:“Ifyoucanfinishyourhomeworkand15yourlessonsbeforedinner,I’dliketowatchaparticulartelevisionprogramwithyoutonight.”Sometimessomecoloredmarkersorotherlittleitemswouldbeleftin16ofwelldonejobstheday17.18Ican’trememberhowlong.“theRoomFairy”continuedleavingherlovenotes.Whentheywereageappropriate.weusedvariousversionsofPost-Its(贴条),Thebathroommirrorbecamethe19centreofourhome.Appointments,noticesaboutvisitingrelatives.lessonschedules.andchangesinplanscouldbeposted.Weallbenefitedfromand20theideaofsharingreminderanddailydetailsoflifethroughnotes.IbelievethetrueadvantageoftheRoomFairynotessurvivesinourfrequentandenjoyablecommunication.1、A．indifferentlyB．otherwiseC．doubtfullyD．gratefully2、A．sideB．eitherC．neitherD．deaf3、A．cryingB．breakingC．bumpingD．bursting4、A．adjustB．adoptC．accessD．addict5、A．clearingB．tidyingC．emptyingD．searching6、A．distanceB．speechC．wordsD．sight7、A．sentB．readC．addressedD．delivered8、A．AsB．AtC．InD．Upon9、A．morethanB．ratherthanC．nomorethanD．otherthan10、A．askingB．prayingC．waitingD．expecting11、A．sadlyB．calmlyC．gentlyD．toughly12、A．musicB．pieceC．songD．tone13、A．freshB．uninterestingC．incredibleD．respectable14、A．adviceB．questionC．suggestionD．challenge15、A．gowithB．gooverC．lookupD．lookinto16、A．responseB．answerC．honorD．praise17、A．aheadB．beforeC．overD．ago18、A．EvenifB．EvensoC．ActuallyD．Though19、A．reminderB．mainC．memoryD．life20、A．learnedB．appreciatedC．sharedD．thanked第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。27．（15分）语法填空TraditionalChinesecultureplacesmuchemphasis(重视)onfood.Consideredtobeanimportantpartofeachday,1．_________(eat)isfarbeyondsimplymeetinganeed.However,peoplearelivinginfast-pacedsocietynow,sotheyhardlyhavetimetoenjoytheirfood.Theyneedfastfood.Thatis2．__________China’sfast-foodmarketexpands.Aforeignfast-foodrestaurant3．_______(call)KFCarrivedinChinafirst,quicklyfollowedby4．______（other）suchasPizzaHutandMcDonald’s.With5．______the(develop)ofChina,foreignfast-foodchainsarerealizinghigh-speed6．_____(grow)inChina.However,these“junkfoods”havelongbeencriticizedbyhealthexpertsbecause_7．_____(their)can’tprovidebalancednutrition(营养).Theexpertsalsoshowthatsomeforeignfastfoodcontainsafoodcoloring,SudanI,8．_____cancausecancer.Infact,Chinahasmanyofitsowntraditionalfast-fooddishes.Amongthem,dumplings,soybeanmilkandnoodles9．______(be)themostpopular.Comparedwithforeignfastfood,thosetraditionalonesarehealthier.10．_______manyChinesestillenjoythespecialtasteandthegoodenvironmentintheforeignfast-foodchainseventhoughthereexistsomepotential（潜在的）risks.第四部分写作（共两节）第一节短文改错（满分10分）28．（10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文,文中共有l0处语言错误，每句中最多有两处．每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（√)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线(／)划掉．修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1、每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2、只允许修改l0处，多者(从第11处起)不计分．Lastsummer,Ihadaunforgettableexperience、Ithappenedonmyuncle’sfarmwhichtherearemanyflowers、InaSaturdaymorning,weheardagreatnoisecomingoutside、Lookingoutthewindow,Isawamassofbeesflownabovethefarm、Thereweretoomanybeesthatthewholefarmseemeddark、We