新北师大版高中英语必修1UNIT3CELEBRATIONS单元复习GRAMMAR课件

Unit3

CelebrationsSectionⅣ单元复习Grammar走近新课·一起感知语法探究·一起思考随

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习

走近新课·一起感知语法感知写出句中画线部分被动语态的构成形式1.Losttimeisneverfoundagain.

2.Thelostboywassenthomebythepolice.

3.Theroadisbeingrepairednow.

一般现在时am/is/are+动词的过去分词一般过去时was/were+动词的过去分词现在进行时am/is/are+being+动词的过去分词4.Theproblemhasbeensolvedalready.

5.Shefoundshewasbeingfollowedbyastranger.

现在完成时have/has+been+动词的过去分词过去进行时was/were+being+动词的过去分词语法探究·一起思考知识脉络语法精讲知识脉络语法精讲被动语态动词的语态主要分为两种:主动语态与被动语态。主动语态指主语是谓语动词所表示的动作的执行者,两者为主动关系;被动语态指主语是谓语动词所表示的动作的承受者,两者为被动关系。Ihavedonethejob.(主动句)Thejobhasbeendonebyme.(被动句)1.被动语态根据时态的不同,可分为以下几种常用类型:一般现在时am/is/are+done一般过去时was/were+done现在进行时am/is/are+beingdone过去进行时was/were+beingdone现在完成时have/has+beendone过去完成时had+beendone一般将来时shall/will+bedone过去将来时would/should+bedone2.被动语态的特殊情况(1)双宾语的被动语态含有双宾语的主动语态变为被动语态时,既可把指人的间接宾语变为被动语态的主语;也可把指物的直接宾语用作主语,但此时必须在间接宾语前面加上介词to或for。Hegavemeapen.→Iwasgivenapenbyhim.→Apenwasgiventomebyhim.Shedrewthemapictureyesterday.→Theyweredrawnapictureyesterday.→Apicturewasdrawnforthemyesterday.注意

give,pass,lend,show,tell等动词后的介词用to。draw,buy,keep等动词后的介词用for。(2)复合宾语的被动语态若主动语态的句子为“主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语”则变为“宾语做主语,宾语补足语变主语补足语”。IaskedhimtohelpmewithmyEnglish.→HewasaskedtohelpmewithmyEnglish.注意

感官动词和使役动词在主动句中其后的动词不定式不带to,但变被动句时to必须还原。Thebossmadeherworkfor16hoursaday.→Shewasmadetoworkfor16hoursadaybytheboss.类似的词有:ask,tell,invent,expect,warn,advise,make,let,hear,see,watch,feel,notice但类似seesbdoingsth的句子时则这样变:Iheardhimreadingintheroom.→Hewasheardreadingintheroombyme.(3)短语动词的被动语态有些短语动词相当于及物动词,可以有被动语态。但要注意,短语动词是一个不可分割的词组,在变为被动语态时,不可丢掉词组末尾的介词或副词。Theteacherstakegoodcareofthechildren.→Thechildrenaretakengoodcareof(bytheteachers).Theyhavesentforthedoctor.→Thedoctorhasbeensentfor.(4)含有情动词的被动语态构成:情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词Wemustplanttrees.→Treesmustbeplanted.(5)不能用被动语态的七种情况①不及物动词及部分短语动词(takeplace;happen;breakout;belongto)没有被动语态。Thestoryhappenedin1999.Afirebrokeoutinhishouse.Thedictionarybelongstome.ThemeetingwilltakeplacenextMonday.=ThemeetingwillbeheldnextMonday.②表状态的动词(cost;last;take;have;sell;fit;become等)不能用于被动语态。Thepencostsfiveyuan.Coldweatherlastslong.Thiskindofdictionarysellswell.③当宾语和谓语是一个不可分割的整体时。Wehadaswimintheriveryesterday.Theteacherwalkedintotheclassroom.④当宾语为动词不定式或动词-ing时。Iwanttowritealetter.Shefinishedreadingthebook.⑤当宾语是反身代词或相互代词时。Youshouldtakecareofyourself.Theyoftenhelpeachother.⑥当宾语起状语作用时,表示数量、长度、大小、程度、地点或方位等时。Thecoatcost100yuan.(表数量)Ipaidtenyuanforthedictionary.(表价格)⑦当系动词做谓语时。(如:look,seem,sound,smell,taste,feel,get,turn,become,keep,is,fall等)Helooksworried.Theflowerssmellgood.【即学即用】

单句语法填空①Thefirstrailwayintheworld

(design)inthelastcentury.

②Sofar,agreatdealofmoney

(raise)forcharity.

③Theproject

(complete)nextyear.

④Theroad

(repair)now.

wasdesignedhasbeenraisedwillbecompletedisbeingrepaired随

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习一、把下列句子改为被动语态1.Manytouristsvisitourcountyeachyear.→Ourcounty

bymanytouristseachyear.

答案:isvisited2.Myparentsarepreparingdishesforthecomingguests.→Dishesforthecomingguests

bymyparents.

答案:arebeingprepared3.Shemadeherbrothercry.→Herbrother

.

答案:wasmadetocry4.Ihavereadmanybooksrecently.→Manybooks

recently.

答案:havebeenread5.Mysistergavemeagift.→Agift

bymysister.

答案:wasgiventome二、单句语法填空1.Toherjoy,she

(choose)fromhundredsofstudentstoattendtheopeningceremony.

答案:waschosen2.

isreportedthattheyarediscussingtheplannow.

答案:It3.Be