申请硕士学位外国语水平全国统考真题(一)

2000年同等学力人员申请硕士学位外国语水平全国统一考试真题

PaperOne试卷一

(90minutes)

PartIListeningComprehension(20minutes,15points)(略)

PartIIVocabulary(10minutes,10points)

SectionA

Directions:Inthissectiontherearetensentences,eachwithone

wordorphraseunderlined.Choosetheonefromthefourchoices

markedA,B,CandDthatbestkeepsthemeaningofthesentence.

ThenmarkthecorrespondingletterontheANSWERSHEETwithasingle

linethroughthecenter.

16.Ifhetoldhiswifeabouttheirplan,shewasboundtoagree.

A.wouldunnecessarilyB.wouldsimply

C.wouldcertainlyD.wouldalternatively

17.Ascollegeteachers,theyenjoytalkingabouttheirown

specialties.

A.problemsB.experiences

C.interestsD.fields

18.John，smindlessexteriorconcealedawarmandkindhearted

nature.

A.appearanceB.personality

C.outlookD.temper

19.Factorsleadingtothecrisisincludedpoorregulation,

mismanagementanddeceptioninthe

industry,andcompetitionfromothertypesoffinancial

firms.

AcheatingB.pollution

C.abuseD.depression

20.Thecolorsintheseartificialflowersareguaranteednotto

comeout.

A.disappearB.vanish

C.fadeD.blend

21.Initialreportswerethatmultiplewavesofwarplanesbombed

centralBaghdad,hittingoil

refineriesandtheairport.

A.beatingB.knocking

C.hurtingD.striking

22.Theeditorconsideredtheauthor，sanalysisinhisarticleto

bepenetrating.

A.extensiveB.profound

C.conclusiveD.valuable

23.BeijingTelevision-StationTransmittingTowerreallylooks

magnificentatnightwhenit's

A.decoratedB.illustrated

C.litupD.studiedcarefully

24.Agoodemployergiveshintstohisorheremployeeswithout

interferingwiththeircreativity.

A.freedomB.assistance

C.cluesD.funds

25.Whensnowcollectsontopofabuildingduringthewinter,the

weightsometimesweakensthe

constructionandoccasionallycausestherooftocollapse.

A.meltsB.accumulates

C.selectsD.scatters

SectionB

Directions:Inthissection,therearetenincompletesentences.

Foreachsentencetherearefour

choicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheoneanswerthatbest

completesthesentence.Thenmarkthecorrespondingletteronthe

ANSWERSHEETwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.

26.Startingasacampusmovement,initiallyobservedon

March21,EarthDayhasbecomeamajoreducationalandmediaevent.

A.student-leadingB.student-led

C.student-leadedD.student-lead

27.ProfessorWutraveledandlecturedthroughoutthecountryto

educationandprofessionalskillssothatwomencouldenter

thepublicworld.

A.prosecuteB.acquire

C.advocateD.proclaim

28.Inprinciple,apersonwhoseconductwascausedbymental

disordershouldnotbeliableto

Criminal・

A.identificationB.punishment

C.investigationD.commitment

29.Amajorgoalofthestatetravelagencyistomorepeople

tovisititscountryattheturnofthecentury.

A.reduceB.expect

C.arouseD.induce

30.Steelisanalloycomposedofironandcarbon.

A.primarilyB.

traditionally

C.carefullyD.partially

31.Theauthorofthebookhasshownhisremarkablykeeninto

humannature.

A.intellectB.insight

C.perceptionD.understanding

32.We，11alltakeavacationinthemountainsassoonasIfinish

workingmyproject.

A.on'B.with

C.inD.about

33.TheGovernmenthasthereforeagreedtopayauthoritiesextra

sumstofortheirfinanciallosses.

A.makeupB.turnup

C.fillinD.leanon

34.Asthefirm，sbusinessincreasedthey_moreandmoreemployees.

A.tookupB.tookin

C.tookafterD.tookon

35.Thoughthedoctorstriedeverythingtheycouldn，tsavehimfrom

thedeepwound.

A.shotB.punch

C.pinchD.stab

PartIIIReadingComprehension（45minutes,30points）

Directions:Therearesixpassagesinthispart.Eachpassageis

followedbyfivequestionsor

unfinishedstatements.Foreachofthemtherearefourchoices

markedA,B,CandD.Choosethe

bestanswerandmarkthecorrespondingletterontheANSWERSHEET

withasinglelinethroughthecenter.

PassageOne

AstronautJimVosshasenjoyedmanymemorablemomentsinhiscareer,

includingthreespaceflightsandonespacewalk.Butherecalls

withspecialfondnessadecidedlyearthbound（为地球所吸引）

experienceinthesummerof1980,whenheparticipatedintheNASA

-ASEESummerFacultyFellowshipProgram.Vossthenascience

teacheratWestPoint,wasassignedtotheMarshallSpaceFlight

Center，spropulsion（推进）labinAlabamatoanalyzewhyahydraulic

fuelpumponthespaceshuttlewasworkingsowellwhenprevious

sealshadfailed.Itwasaseeminglytinyproblemamongthevast

complexitiesofrunningthespaceprogram.Yetitwasimportantto

NASAbecauseanycrackinthesealcouldhaveledtodestructive

resultsfortheastronautswhoreliedonthem.

“IworkedabitwithNASAengineers,“saysVoss,“butIdidit

mostlybyanalysis.Iuseda

handheldcalculator,notacomputer,todoathermodynamic（热力

学的）analysis,"Attheendof

thesummer,he,liketheotherNASA-ASEEfellowsworkingatMarshall,

summarizedhisf'indingsinaformalpresentationanddetailedpaper.

ItwasavaluablemomentforVossbecausetheASEEprogramgavehim

addedunderstandingofNASA,deepenedhisdesiretoflyinspace,

andintensifiedhisapplicationforastronautstatus.〃

Itwasnotanessayprocess.Vosswasactuallypassedoverwhenhe

firstappliedfortheastronautprogramin1978.Overthenextnine

yearshereappliedrepeatedly,andwasfinallyacceptedinl987.

Sincethenhehasparticipatedinthreespacemission.The

50-year-oldArmyofficer,whofivesinHuston,isnowintraining

froafour-monthmissionasacrewmemberontheInternationalSpace

StationstartinginJuly2000

VosssaystheASEEprogramiswonderfulforall

involved.〃Itbringsinpeoplefromthe

academicworldandgivesNASAaspecialproperlyforaparticular

periodoftime.Itbringssome

fresheyesandfreshideastoNASA,andestablishesalinkwithour

collegesanduniversities,〃Vossexplains."There'san

exchangeofinformationandanexchangeofperspectivesthatis

veryimportant.

Fortheacademicside,Vosssays,theASEEprogramalso"brings

institutionsofhigherlearningmoreinsightintonewtechnology.

Wegivethemanopportunitytoworkonreal-worldproblemsandtake

itbacktotheclassroom.z，

36.Whywasthehydraulicfuelpumpsealimportantforthespace

shuttle?

A.Becauseprevioussealsallfailed.

B.Becauseitwasverycomplexinrunningthespaceprogram.

C.Becausegreatcarehastobetakenofthehydraulicfuel

pumpsealing.

D.Becauseanycrackinthesealswouldcausedisastrous

resultsfortheastronauts.

37.ThegreatsignificanceofVoss，sfindingsliesin.

I.strengtheninghisdeterminationtojoininspaceflights

II.furtheringhisunderstandingofNASA

III.consolidatinghisastronautstatusinNASAprograms

A.Ionly.

B.IIonly.

C.I,IIandIIIallincluded.

D.IandIIonly.

38.HowmanyflightswillVosshavefinishedifhisFour-month

missionstartinginJuly2000endsupsuccessfully?

A.ThreeB.Two

C.FourD.Five

39.WhichofthefollowingisNOTTRUEaccordingtowhatVosssaid

ontheASEEprogram?

A.Freshmembersfromdieacademicworldparticipateinthe

program.

B.TheprogrambringsnewoutlookstoHASAspaceprograms.

C.Itisimportantforthespacescientiststoexchange

informationandperspectives.

D.Americancollegesanduniversitiesmeaspecialproperty

ofNASA.

40.WhatdoesVosswanttostressinthelastparagraph?

A.Thetechnologicalsignificanceoftheprogram

B.Theeducationalsignificanceoftheprogram

C.Thephilosophicalsignificanceoftheprogram

D.Thehistoricalsignificanceoftheprogram

PassageTwo

ThecurrentemergencyinMexicoCitythathastakenoverourfives

isnothing.Icouldeverhaveimaginedformeormychildren,we

arelivinginanenvironmentalcrisis,anair-pollution

emergencyofunprecedentedseverity.Whatitreallymeansisthat

justtobreathehereistoplaya

dangerousgamewithyourhealth.

Asparents,whatterrorizesusmostarereportsthatchildren

areathigherriskbecausethey

breathemoretimesperminute.Whatmorecanwedotoprotectthem

andourselves?Our

pediatrician's（儿科医师的）medicalrecommendationwassimple:

abandonthecitypermanently.

Weareforeignersandweareamongthesmallminoritythatcanafford

toleave.Weareherebecauseofmyhusband，swork.Wearefascinated

byMexico--itshistoryandrichculture.Weknowthatforus,this

isatemporarydanger.However,wecannotstandformuchlongerthe

fearwefeelforourboys.Wecannotstopthemfrombreathing.

Butformillions,thereisnochoice.Theirlives,their

jobs,theirfuturesdependonbeinghere.ThousandsofMexicans

arriveeachdayinthiscity,desperateforeconomicopportunities.

Thousandsmorearebornhereeachday.Entirefamiliesworkinthe

streetsandpracticallylivethere.Itisafamiliarsight:as

parentshawkgoodsatstoplights,theirchildrenplayinthegrassy

highwaydividers,breathingexhaustfumes.Ifeelguilty

complainingaboutmypersonalsituation;wewon'tbeherelong

enoughforourchildrentoformtheimpressionthatskiesarecolored

onlygray.

Andyetthegovernmentcannotdowhatitmusttoendthis

problem.Foranycountry,especiallyadevelopingThirdWorld

economylikeMexico's,theideaofbarringfromthecapitalcity

enoughcars,closingenoughfactoriesandspendingthenecessary

billionsonpublictransportationissimplynotanoption.Sowhen

thingsgetbad,asinthecurrentemergency,Mexicotakeshalf

measures一prohibitingsomemorecarsfromcirculating,stopping

somefactoriesfromproducing--thatevenitsownofficialsconcede

aren，tadequate.

Theword"emergency"impliestheunusual.Butwhendaily

lifeitselfisanemergency,the

conceptlosesitsmeaning.Itishumannaturetotrytoadaptto

thatwhichwecannotchange.Orto

misleadourselvesintobelievingwecanadapt.

41.Accordingtothepassage,thecurrentemergencyinMexicoCity

refersto.

A.seriousairpollutionB.

economiccrisis

C.unemploymentD.naturaldisaster

42.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTTRUEaccordingtothe

passage?

A.Kidsareingreaterdangerthangrown-upsinMexicoCity.

B.TheauthorisnotanativeMexican.

C.Theauthor'shusbandisapediatrician.

D.TheMexicanhistoryandcultureappealtotheauthor.

43.Theword〃hawk〃(Paragraph3)mostprobablymeans.

A.sellB.transportC.

placeD.deliver

44.TheMexicangovernmenttakeshalfmeasurestosolvethe

pollutionproblembecause.

A.Mexicaneconomydependsverymuchoncarsandfactories

B.itisnotwiseenoughtocomeupwitheffectivemeasures

C.Mexicansareabletoadaptthemselvestothecurrent

emergency

D.Mexicansenjoyplayingdangerousgameswiththeirhealth

45.Thepurposeofthepassageisto.

Adescribetheharmfulairpollution

B.explainthewaytopreventairpollution

C.showtheworriesabouttheairpollution

D.recommendamethodtoavoidairpollution

PassageThree

In1998consumerscouldpurchasevirtuallyanythingover

theInternet.Books,compactdiscs,andevenstockswereavailable

fromWorldWideWebsitesthatseemedtospringupalmostdaily.

Afewyearsearlier,somepeoplehadpredictedthatconsumers

accustomedtoshoppinginstoreswouldbereluctanttobuythings

thattheycouldnotseeortouchinperson.Foragrowingnumber

oftime-starvedconsumers,however,shoppingfromtheirhome

computerwasprovingtobeaconvenientalternativetodrivingto

thestore.

Aresearchestimatedthatin1998USconsumerswould

purchase$7.3billionofgoodsovertheInternet,doublethe1997

total.Findingabargainwasgettingeasierowingtotheriseof

online

auctionsandWebsitesthatdidcomparisonshoppingontheInternet

forthebestdeal.

Foralltheconsumerinterest,retailingincyberspacewas

stillalargelyunprofitablebusiness,however.Internetpioneer

Amazon.,whichbegansellingbooksin1995andlaterbranchedinto

recordedmusicandvideos,postedrevenueof$153.7millioninthe

thirdquarter,upfrom$37.9millioninthesameperiodof1997.

Overall,however,thecompany'slosswidenedto$45.2millionfrom

$9.6million,andanalysisdidnotexpectthecompanytoturna

profituntil2001.Despitethegreatloss,Amazon,hadastockmarket

valueofmanybillion,reflectinginvestors，optimismaboutthe

futureoftheindustry.

Internetretailingappealedtoinvestorsbecauseit

providedanefficientmeansforreaching

millionsofconsumerswithouthavingthecostofoperating

conventionalstoreswiththeirarmiesofsalespeople.Selling

onlinecarrieditsownrisks,however.Withsomanycompanies

competingforconsumers，attention,pricecompetitionwasintense

andprofitmarginsthinornonexistent.Onevideoretailersoldthe

hitmovieTitanicfor$9.99,undercutting（削价）the$19,99

suggestedretailpriceandlosingabout$6oneachcopysold.With

Internetretailingstillinitsinitialstage,companiesseemed

willingtoabsorbsuchlossesinanattempttoestablishadominant

marketposition.

46.WhichofthefollowingisTRUE,accordingtothewriter?

A.ConsumersarereluctanttobuythingsontheInternet.

B.ConsumersaretoobusytobuythingsontheInternet.

C.Internetretailingisaprofitablebusiness.

D.MoreandmoreconsumerspreferInternetshopping.

47.Findinga'bargainontheInternetwasgettingeasierpartly

because

A.thereweremoreandmoreInternetusers

B.thereweremoreandmoreonlineauctions

C.theconsumershadmoremoneytospend

D.thereweremoregoodsavailableontheInternet

48.“Foralltheconsumerinterest”(Paragraph3)means.

A.totheinterestofalltheconsumers

B.fortheinterestofalltheconsumers

C.thoughconsumersareverymuchinterested

D.alltheconsumersaremuchinterested

49.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatAmazon.Com

A.willprobablymakeaprofitin2001

B.ismakingaprofitnow

C.isacompanythatsellsbooksonly

D.suffersagreatlossonthestockmarket

50.InvestorsareinterestedinInternetretailingbecause

A.sellingonlineinvolveslittlerisk

B.Internetretailingisinitsinitialstage

C.itcaneasilyreachmillionsofconsumers

D.theycanmakehugeprofitsfromit

PassageFour

Itisallverywelltoblametrafficjams,thecostof

petrolandthequickpeaceofmodernlife,butmannersontheroads

arebecominghorrible.Youmighttoleratetherudeandinconsiderate

driver,butnowadaysthewell-manneredmotorististheexception

totherule.Perhapsthesituationcallsfora〃BeKindtoOther

Drivers"campaign,otherwise,itmaygetcompletelyoutofhand.

Roadpolitenessisnotonlygoodmanners,butgoodsense

too.Ittakesthemostcool-headedandgood-temperedofdriversto

resistthetemptationtorevengewhensubjectedtouncivilized

behaviors.Ontheotherhand,alittlepolitenessgoesalongway

towardsrelievingthetensionsofmotoring.Afriendlynodorawave

ofacknowledgementinresponsetoanactofpolitenesshelpsto

createanatmosphereofgoodwillandtolerancesonecessaryin

moderntrafficconditions.Butsuchacknowledgementsofpoliteness

arealltooraretoday.Manydriversnowadaysdon，tevenseemable

torecognizepolitenesswhentheyseeit.

However,improperpolitenesscanalsobedangerous.A

typicalexampleisthedriverwhowavesachildacrossacrossing

intothepathofoncomingvehiclesthatmaybeunabletostopin

time.Thesamegoesforencouragingoldladiestocrosstheroad

whereverandwhenevertheycareto.

Aveterandriver,whosemannersarefaultless,toldmeit

wouldhelpifmotoristslearntofiltercorrectlyintotraffic

streamswithoutcausingthetotalblockages（堵塞）thatgiverise

tobad

temper.Unfortunately,modernmotoristscan'tevenlearntodrive,

letalonebewell-manneredontheroad.Yearsagotheexperts

warnedusthatthecar-ownershipexplosionwoulddemandalotmore

give-and-takefromallroadusers.Itishightimeforallofus

totakethismessagetoheart.

51.Accordingtothispassage,troublesontheroadareprimarily

causedby.

A.people，sattitudetowardsdrivers

B.therhythmofmodernlife

C.trafficconditions

D.thebehaviorofthedriver

52.Thesentence"Youmighttoleratetherudeandinconsiderate

driver,butnowadaysthewell-

manneredmotorististheexceptiontotherule"impliesthat

A.oursocietyisunjusttowardswell-manneredmotorists

B.rudedriverscanbemetonlyoccasionally

C.nowadaysimpolitedriversconstitutethemajorityof

motorists

D.thewell-manneredmotoristcannottoleratetherude

driver

53.By"goodsense”(Paragraph2),thewritermeans.

A.thedriver，spromptresponsetodifficultconditions

B.thedriver，sabilitytounderstandandreactreasonably

C.thedriver，stoleranceofbadroadconditions

D.thedriver，sacknowledgementofpolitenessand

regulations

54.Expertshavelongpointedoutthatinthefaceofcar-ownership

explosion,.

A.Driversshouldbereadytoyieldtooneanother

B.roadusersshouldmakemoresacrifices

C.driversshouldhavemorecommunicationamongthemselves

D.driverswillsufferagreatlossiftheypaynorespect

toothers

55.Inthewriter'sopinion.

A.driversshouldapplyroadpolitenessproperly

B.stricttrafficregulationsarebadlyneeded

C.rudeandinconsideratedriversshouldbepunished

D.driversshouldtrytheirbesttoavoidtrafficjams

PassageFive

Themostnoticeabletrendamongtoday，smediacompanies

isverticalintegration--anattempttocontrolseveralrelated

aspectsofthemediabusinessatonce,eachparthelpingtheother.

Besidespublishingmagazinesandbooks,TimeWarner,forexample,

ownsHomeBoxOffice(HBO),Warnermoviestudios,variouscableTV

systemsthroughouttheUnitedStatesandCNNaswell.TheJapanese

companyMatsushitaownsMCARecordsandUniversalStudiosand

manufacturesbroadcastproductionequipment.

Todescribethefinancialstatusoftoday，smediaisalso

totalkaboutacquisitions.Themediaarebuyingandsellingeach

otherinunprecedentednumbersandformingmediagroupstoposition

themselvesinthemarketplacetomaintainandincreasetheirprofits.

In1986,thefirsttimeabroadcastnetworkhadbeensold,two

networksweresoldthatyear--ABCandNBC.

Mediaacquisitionshaveskyrocketedsince1980fortwo

reasons.Thefirstisthatmostbigcorporationstodayarepublicly

tradedcompanies,whichmeansthattheirstockistradedononeof

thenation'sstockexchanges.Thismakesacquisitionsrelatively

easy.

Amediacompanythatwantstobuyapubliclyownedcompany

canbuythatcompany，sstockwhenthestockbecomesavailable.The

openavailabilityofstockinthesecompaniesmeansthatanybody

withenoughmoneycaninvestintheAmericanmediaindustries,which

isexactlyhowRupertMurdochjoinedthemediabusiness.

Thesecondreasonfortheincreaseinmediaalliancesis

thatbeginningin1980,theFederal

CommunicationsCommission(FCC)graduallyderegulatedthe

broadcastmedia.Before1980,forexample,theFCCallowedone

companytoownonlyfiveTVstations,fiveAMradiostations,and

fiveFMradiostations;companiesalsowererequiredtoholdonto

astationforthreeyearsbeforethestationcouldbesold.The

post-1980FCCeliminatedthethree-yearruleandraisedthenumber

ofbroadcastholdingsallowedforoneowner.Thistrendofmedia

acquisitionsiscontinuingthroughoutthe1990s,aschanging

technologyexpandsthemarketformediaproducts.

Theissueofmediaownershipisimportant.Ifonlyafew

corporationsdirectthemediaindustriesinthiscountry,the

outletsfordifferingpoliticalviewpointsandinnovativeideas

couldbelimited.

56.WhatdoTimeWarnerandMatsushitahaveincommon?

A.TheybothbelongtoRupertMurdoch.

B.TheyarebothbigAmericanmediacorporations.

C..Theyarebothoutletsofdifferingviewpointsand

innovativeideas.

D.Theybothownseveraldifferentbutrelatedmedia

businesses.

57.Whichofthefollowingistrueofthemedia?

A.Theyusedtosellandbuyeachotheringreatnumbers.

B.Theyaretradingeachotheringreaternumberstoday.

C.Theyusedtobecontrolledbytwonetworks一一ABCandNBC.

D.Theyhavestoppedthetrendofacquisitionsinthe1990s.

58.Accordingtothepassage,whatmakesacquisitionseasier?

A.Thechangingtechnologyemployedbythemedia.

B.Themedia，