湖北省襄阳2024-2025高一英语上学期期末教学质量检测试题

湖北省襄阳市2024-2025高一上学期期末教学质量检测英语试题留意事项:1.答题前,先将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号、座位号填写在试卷和答题卡上,并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。2.选择题的作答:每小题选出答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。3.非选择题的作答:用黑色签字笔干脆答在答题卡，上对应的答题区域内。写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡的非答题区域均无效。4.考试结束后,请将本试卷和答题卡一并上交。第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.₤19.15.B.₤9.18.C.₤9.15.答案是C。1.Whatdoesthewomanwanttoeat?A.Nuts.B.Chips.C.Chocolate.2.Whenwillthetowerbefinished?A.Nextweek.B.Nextmonth.C.Nextyear.3.Whatisinthetreenow?A.Aboy.B.Acat.C.Adog.4.WhatwillthewomanprobablydothisSaturdaynight?A.Studyathome.B.Dancewithherfriend.C.CatchuponaTVshow.5.Wherearethespeakersprobably?A.Inanairport.B.Inahotel.C.Inataxi.其次节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A.B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。6.Howdoesthewomanfeelatfirst?A.Excited.B.Uncertain.C.Curious.7.Whatdoesthewomanlikeaboutthesecondjob?A.Thepay.B.Thebusinesstrip.C.Thehealthinsurance.听第7段材料,回答第8至10题。8.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Waiterandcustomer.B.Husbandandwife.C.Doctorandpatient.9.Whatisthenameofthesugarusedinthenewsugar-freecola?A.Sugar-like.B.Stevia.C.Aspartame.10.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?A.Getaregularcola.B.Addsomesugartoherdrink.C.Buysomenewsugar-freecola.听第8段材料,回答第11至13题。11.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.InaTVstudio.B.Onabeach.C.Athome.12.Whoisthemanprobably?A.Adirector.B.Aweatherexpert.C.Ahost.13.Whatwilltheweatherbeontheweekend?A.Sunny.B.Rainy.C.Cloudy.听第9段材料,回答第14至17题。14.Whichanimalisthewoman’sfavoritevideoabout?A.Apanda.B.Aduck.C.Adog.15.Howdoesthemanfeelatfirst?A.Calm.B.Happy.C.Tired.16.Whatisspecialaboutthecat“Duck“?A.Shehasherownvideochannel.B.Shelostherfrontlegs.C.Sheonlyhasoneeye.17.WhodoesDucklovestoplaywith?A.“Bimini”.B.“Goose”.C.“Po”.听第10段材料,回答第18至20题。18.Whoisthespeakertalkingto?A.Localvillagepeople.B.Agroupofbuilders.C.Atourgroup.19.Whendidthespeakerfirstmovetohishomeinthecity?A.Whenhewasachild.B.Whenhestarteduniversity.C.Whenhegothisfirstjob.20.HowlongwillthegroupbewalkingtogettoMachuPicchu?A.Foroneday.B.Fortwodays.C.Forfivedays.其次部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AIt’sMuseumDay.Here’showtogetfreeticketsandhavesomefunMuseumDayishereforonedayandonedayonly—soyou’llneedtohurryifyouwanttotakeadvantageofthechancetogetfreeSaturdayadmissiontooneofthehundredsofparticipatingmuseums.TheyearlyeventishostedbySmithsonianMagazineandinvolvesmuseumsandculturalinstitutionscomingtogethertoofferfreeadmissionforpatrons(顾客)whowouldotherwisehavetopayforentry.YoujustneedanemailaddresstogetaticketTogetaticketyou’llneedtogototheSmithsonianMagazinewebsiteandpickwhichmuseumyouwanttogoto.You’llbeabletosearchtoseewhichmuseumsnearyouareparticipating,andfromthereyoujusthavetoputinyouremailaddressandname.Afterthat,youcandownloadyourticketandheadoutforsomefun.AlotofmuseumsarestillfeelingfinancialstressfromthepandemicTheeventishappeningasmuseumsarestillstrugglingfromthehitstheytookduringthefirstfewyearsofthepandemic.TheAmericanAllianceofMuseumsestimateditwilltakeyearsformuseumstofullyrecover.InFebruary,thegroupreleasedsurveyresultsthatdetailedthosefinanciallosses.AAMPresidentandCEOLauraLottnotedthatfederalreliefhelpedremovethethreatofclosurethatmanyinstitutionswerefacing,but2024provedtobeanotherpainfulyear.Butthere’shopethatafreedayatthemuseumsmightsparksubsequent(随后的)visits.1.HowoftenisMuseumDayheld?A.Onceaweek. B.Onceamonth. C.Onceayear. D.Onceaday.2.Whatdoyouneedtodotogetafreeticket?A.Togotothenearestmuseum. B.TobuySmithsonianMagazine.C.Toenteryouremailaddressandname. D.TobeamemberofSmithsonianMagazine.3.WhatisthesignificanceofhostingMuseumDay?A.Itwillhelppeopledealwithstress. B.Itwillmakemuseumsmorefamous.C.Itcanhelpmuseumstofullyrecover. D.Itmayattractmorevisitorstomuseums.【答案】1.C2.C3.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文，本文主要介绍了“博物馆日”和如何获得免费门票，以及博物馆由于疫情而面临的财务压力。【1题详解】细微环节理解题。依据“It’sMuseumDay.Here’showtogetfreeticketsandhavesomefun(今日是博物馆日。这里是如何获得免费门票和一些乐趣)”这一部分其次段“TheyearlyeventishostedbySmithsonianMagazineandinvolvesmuseumsandculturalinstitutionscomingtogethertoofferfreeadmissionforpatrons(顾客)whowouldotherwisehavetopayforentry.(一年一度的活动由Smithsonian杂志主办，博物馆和文化机构联合起来为那些须要付费入场的观众供应免费门票)”可知，“博物馆日”每年一次。故选C。【2题详解】细微环节理解题。依据“Youjustneedanemailaddresstogetaticket(你只须要一个电子邮件地址就能买到票)”这一部分中“You’llbeabletosearchtoseewhichmuseumsnearyouareparticipating,andfromthereyoujusthavetoputinyouremailaddressandname.(你可以搜寻你旁边的哪些博物馆正在参与，然后你只须要输入你的电子邮件地址和姓名)”可知，要得到免费的门票，须要输入电子邮件地址和姓名。故选C。【3题详解】细微环节理解题。依据文章最终一句“Butthere’shopethatafreedayatthemuseumsmightsparksubsequent(随后的)visits.(但人们希望，在博物馆免费参观一天，可能会吸引更多游客前来参观)”可知，举办“博物馆日”是希望能吸引更多的游客参观博物馆。故选D。BOnedayinelementaryschool,afriendaskedme“Whatareyoueating?”assheglancedatmylunchbox.“Itsmells,”shesaid,nosecrinkled.Iwaseatingbhindiroti,myfavoriteIndiansnack,whichmymomhadpackedforme.Butfeelingembarrassedforhavinga“smelly”lunchandwantingtofitin,Iquietlyshutmylunchbox.Thatday,Iwenthungry.Mostdaysafterthat,lunchtimeatschoolfeltlikeabattle.IfIwasn’ttryingtohidemylunchorsneakquickbiteswhennoonewaslooking,I’dinsistonbringinginthesamepeanut-butter-and-jellysandwichastheotherkids.Mymom,whodidn’tgrowupeatingAmericanfood,triedherbest,butthesandwichesneverlooked,ortasted,asgoodasthefoodIdevoured(兴致勃勃地吃)athome.Ididn’tknowthatIwasn’talone.Manykidswithimmigrantparentsencounter(遭受)what’sknownas“thelunchboxmoment”atschool:theexperienceofbeingjudgedforbringinginfoodconsideredculturallydifferentandsobeingmadetofeellikeanoutsider.Forthisarticle,Italkedwithkidswhocouldrelate.Buttheyalsosurprisedme:Theydealtwith“thelunchboxmoment”differentlythanIdid.Forexample,SatyaSingh,6,whotakeshermom’sIndiancookingtolunchmostdays,toldmethatonedayaclassmatesaidthatheraloo,orpotatoes,lookedlikepoop.Anothertime,someonesaidthatthedal,orlentils,lookedlike“throwup”.Thenextday,Satyabroughtenoughdaltosharewithherentireclass—andtheylovedit.Fromthenon,shesays,“Myteacheratschoolmadearule:Don’tyucksomeone’syum.”Lookingback,IwishI’dhadthewisdomofSatyaandofferedmyfriendabiteofmylunch,orjusttoldheritwasdelicious—especiallybecausenow,asanadult,IseethatIndianfoodisuniversallylovedbymyfriends.SomeeventrytocookIndianlentilsorchickpeasathome!AndwhenI’mhungry,guesswhat?Imissmymom’sbhindirotiandhercareinmakingitforme.Foodisanexpressionofculture,tradition,familyandlove.Andthat’ssomethingtocelebrate,nothide.4.Whydidthewritergohungryonedayinelementaryschool?A.Shedidn’tlikehersmellylunch. B.Herclassmatesateupherbhindiroti.C.Hermomdidn’tpreparelunchforher. D.Sheskippedherlunchtofitinwithothers.5.Whatcanweinferaboutthewriteraccordingtothepassage?A.Sheenjoyedthelunchtimeatschool.B.HerparentsareimmigrantsfromIndia.C.Shelikedpeanut-butter-and-jellysandwichbest.D.Shewouldbiteherbhindirotiquicklywhensomeonewaslooking.6.HowdidSatyadealwith“thelunchboxmoment”?A.Shethrewawayherlunchbox.B.Sheaskedherteachertomakearule.C.SheateAmericanfoodinsteadofhermom’sIndiancooking.D.ShebroughtmoreIndiancookingtosharewithherclassmates.7.Whatdoestheauthorwanttotellus?A.Foodissomethingtocelebrate,nothide.B.Nevershouldyouyucksomeone’syuminanycase.C.Indianfoodisdeliciousanduniversallyappreciated.D.Thelunchboxmomentiswhenonecantastedifferentfoods.【答案】4.D5.B6.D7.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章从作者亲身经验讲到移民家庭孩子在学校吃自带午餐（印度菜）的逆境，然后讲到SatyaSingh怎么主动应对午餐时刻，最终指出食物是用来庆祝的，不是用来隐藏的。【4题详解】细微环节理解题。依据文章其次段“Butfeelingembarrassedforhavinga‘smelly’lunchandwantingtofitin,Iquietlyshutmylunchbox.Thatday,Iwenthungry.(但我为吃了一顿‘有味道’的午餐而感到尴尬，并想融入其中，我静静地合上了午餐盒。那天，我挨饿了)”可知，作者是因为没有吃午餐而挨饿的。故选D。【5题详解】推理推断题。依据文章第四段“Ididn’tknowthatIwasn’talone.Manykidswithimmigrantparentsencounter(遭受)what’sknownas‘thelunchboxmoment’atschool(我不知道不是我一个人这样。很多移民家庭的孩子在学校会遇到所谓的‘午餐盒时刻’)”可知，作者也是移民家庭的孩子。故选B。【6题详解】细微环节理解题。依据文章倒数其次段“Thenextday,Satyabroughtenoughdaltosharewithherentireclass—andtheylovedit.(其次天，Satya带了足够的扁豆和全班同学共享——他们都很喜爱)”可知，Satya带来了更多的印度菜和同学们共享。故选D。【7题详解】推理推断题。依据全文内容，结合最终一段中“Foodisanexpressionofculture,tradition,familyandlove.Andthat’ssomethingtocelebrate,nothide.(食物是文化、传统、家庭和爱的表达。这是用来庆祝的，而不是用来隐藏的)”可知，文章从作者亲身经验讲到移民家庭孩子在学校吃自带午餐（印度菜）的逆境，然后讲到SatyaSingh怎么主动应对午餐时刻，最终点题，食物是用来庆祝的，不是用来隐藏的。故选A。C“WHATCANIHELPYOUWITH?”saysavoicefromaniPhone.It’sSiri,andshe’sreadytofollowyourvoicecommandstosearchtheInternet,textsomeone,orplayasong.Siriisanexampleofartificialintelligence(AI),oracomputerprogramthatcanthink.ThewaySirithinksisverydifferentfromhowapersonthinks.Shedoesn’thaveabrain.Instead,shereliesoncodeinacomputerprogramtounderstandspeechandanswerquestions.Andsomequestionsarestilltoodifficultforhertoanswer.However,AIprogramslikeSiriaregettingsmarterandsmartereveryyear.In2011,anAInamedWatsondefeatedtwohumanchampionsonthequizshowJeopardy!Computerprogramscanalsodrivecars,performscienceexperiments,andproducetheirownartwork.Someday,artificialintelligencewillmostlikelysurpasshumanintelligence.Oncethishappens,computerswillthink,plan,andactatalevelthathumanbeingscan’tunderstand.InhisbookSuperintelligence,NickBostromwrites,“Asthefateofthegorillasnowdependsmoreonushumansthanonthegorillasthemselves,sothefateofourspecieswoulddependontheactionsofthemachinesuperintelligence.”Ifasuperintelligencewantedtoruletheworld,Bostromargues,itwouldeasilydoso.Itcouldalsowipeoutallhumans.Orjustignoreus.Whateveritdid,welikelywouldn’thavemuchcontrol.He’snottheonlyoneworrying.In2015,agroupofgreatscientists,includingStephenHawking,wroteanopenletterthatasksanyoneresearchingAItoproceedcarefully.AIhasthepotentialtobenefitsocietygreatly,but“ourAIsystemsmustdowhatwewantthemtodo.”theywrite.Whatdoyouthink?IfpeoplecreateasuperintelligentAI,willwebeabletocontrolit?WhatwillhappentousifasuperintelligentAIstartsmakingdecisionsonitsown?8.WhatcanSiridonowaccordingtothepassage?A.Shecanthinklikeahuman. B.Shecananswerallkindsofquestions.C.Shecanfollowyourvoicecommands. D.Shecanmakedecisionsonherown.9.WhatdoesthewriterwanttoshowbymentioningAIWatson?A.AIisgettingincreasinglysmart. B.Computerscienceisdevelopingfast.C.AIperformsbestinthequizshowJeopardy. D.Computerprogramscandoavarietyofjobs.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“surpass”meaninparagraph3?A.Besimilarto. B.Dobetterthan. C.Competeagainst. D.Bejuniorto.11.WhatisNickBostrom’sattitudetowardssuperintelligence?A.Supportive. B.Doubtful. C.Cautious. D.Objective.【答案】8.C9.A10.B11.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲解并描述人工智能越来越聪慧，人们担忧它会超越人类。【8题详解】细微环节理解题。依据第一段“It’sSiri,andshe’sreadytofollowyourvoicecommandstosearchtheInternet,textsomeone,orplayasong.(这就是Siri，她可以依据你的语音指令搜寻互联网，给某人发短信，或者播放一首歌)”可知，Siri可以听从声音指令。故选C。【9题详解】推理推断题。其次段中“However,AIprogramslikeSiriaregettingsmarterandsmartereveryyear.(然而，像Siri这样的人工智能程序每年都变得越来越聪慧)”是主题句，提到人工智能越来越聪慧，下文“In2011,anAInamedWatsondefeatedtwohumanchampionsonthequizshowJeopardy!(2011年，一个名叫Watson的人工智能在智力竞赛节目《危急边缘》中击败了两位人类冠军)”提及Watson的例子是为了论证上述观点。故选A。【10题详解】词义揣测题。依据第三段划线词下文“Oncethishappens,computerswillthink,plan,andactatalevelthathumanbeingscan’tunderstand.(一旦发生这种状况，计算机将以人类无法理解的水平思索、支配和行动)”可知，划线词所在句意为“总有一天，人工智能很可能会超越人类智能”，surpass意为“超越”。故选B。【11题详解】推理推断题。依据倒数其次段中“He’snottheonlyoneworrying.(他不是唯一一个担忧的人)”可知，NickBostrom对超级人工智能持谨慎看法。故选C。DAtriptoVenicewillnowleaveyourwalletevenemptier.Earlierthisyear,thecityannouncedthatanyonewhoentersVeniceanddoesn’tstayovernightissettopayafeerangingfrom3to10euros,dependingonfactorssuchasadvancebookingandwhetherit’speakseasonorifthecityisverycrowded.ThisrulewillcomeintoeffectinJanuary2024.AccordingtoTheAssociatedPress,asmasstourismgainedpopularityinVeniceinthemid-1960s,thenumberofvisitorsincreasedyearbyyear.In2024,thelastyearbeforetheCOVID-19pandemic,thereweresome19millionday-tripperswhovisitedthecity.AsmorevisitorscometoenjoythecharmoftheItaliancity,lotsofVenetianresidentshavebeenforcedtoleavetheirhomes.AccordingtoCNN,duetocongestion(拥堵)andtheincreasingcostsofdeliveringfoodandothergoodsincarlessVenice,around70percentofVenetianresidentshaveleftthecityinthepast70years.Thegovernmenthopesthenewrulecouldhelptoregulate(调整)tourisminthecityand“findabalancebetweenVenetianresidentsandlong-termandshort-termvisitors”,asnotedbyAP.Themoneytheycollectwillbeusedtocleanupwasteandmaintaintheheritageofthecity.LocalMarcoMalafante,whomanagesvacationrentals(租赁)inthecity,alsoexpressedhissupportforthemove.ButaVenetiangondolier,simplycalledCuba,wasworriedandthoughtthegovernmentmoveswould“commercialize(使商业化)”thecityanddisturbthelivesofordinarypeople.“EnteringVenicewillbelikeenteringamuseum.Idon’tthinkthemeasurewillhelptheproblemoftransformingVeniceintoaDisneyland,withfake(假的)glassshopsandpiazzasellersreplacingtheoldartisan(工匠)shops,”CubatoldCNN.12.Accordingtothenewrule,whatkindsofvisitorstoVenicewillpayforafee?A.AllvisitorswhocometoVenice. B.Visitorswhodon’tbookinadvance.C.VisitorswhovisitVeniceinpeakseason. D.Visitorswhodon’tspendanightinVenice.13.WhichofthefollowingisNOTthereasonwhymanyVenetianshavelefttheirhomes?A.Heavytraffic. B.TheCOVID-19pandemic.C.Therisingcostsofdelivery. D.Increasingnumbersofvisitors.14.WhatdidCubathinkofthenewrule?A.Itwon’thelpsettletheproblem. B.Itcouldhelptoregulatetourism.C.ItwilltransformVeniceintoaDisneyland. D.Itwillhelpmaintaintheheritageofthecity.15.Whatisthebesttitleofthispassage?A.Venicewillrestoreitscharm. B.Venicewillchargefordaytrips.C.Venicewillbecommercializedsoon. D.Venicewillbalancethelocalsandvisitors.【答案】12.D13.B14.A15.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇新闻报道，主要讲解并描述威尼斯为了缓解游客过多的压力和爱护威尼斯城将实行一项举措，即对不在威尼斯过夜的游客收费。【12题详解】细微环节理解题。依据其次段“Earlierthisyear,thecityannouncedthatanyonewhoentersVeniceanddoesn’tstayovernightissettopayafeerangingfrom3to10euros(今年早些时候，威尼斯市政府宣布，任何进入威尼斯但不过夜的人都要支付3到10欧元不等的费用)”可知，不在威尼斯过夜的游客要付费。故选D。【13题详解】细微环节理解题。依据第四段“AsmorevisitorscometoenjoythecharmoftheItaliancity，lotsofVenetianresidentshavebeenforcedtoleavetheirhomes.AccordingtoCNN,duetocongestion(拥堵)andtheincreasingcostsofdeliveringfoodandothergoodsincarlessVenice,around70percentofVenetianresidentshaveleftthecityinthepast70years.(随着越来越多的游客来享受这座意大利城市的魅力，很多威尼斯居民被迫离开家园。据美国有线电视新闻网报道，在没有汽车的威尼斯，由于交通拥堵以及食品和其他货物运输成本的增加，在过去的70年里，大约70%的威尼斯居民离开了这座城市)”可知，游客增多、交通拥堵和运输成本的增加迫使威尼斯人离开家园，新冠不是威尼斯人离开家园的缘由。故选B。【14题详解】推理推断题。依据最终一段中Cuba说的话“Idon’tthinkthemeasurewillhelptheproblemoftransformingVeniceintoaDisneyland,withfake(假的)glassshopsandpiazzasellersreplacingtheoldartisan(工匠)shops(我认为这项措施无助于解决威尼斯变成迪士尼乐园的问题，因为假玻璃商店和广场小贩取代了旧的手工商店)”可知，Cuba认为新规定无助于解决问题。故选A。【15题详解】主旨大意题。依据全文内容，结合其次段“Earlierthisyear,thecityannouncedthatanyonewhoentersVeniceanddoesn’tstayovernightissettopayafeerangingfrom3to10euros(今年早些时候，威尼斯市政府宣布，任何进入威尼斯但不过夜的人都要支付3到10欧元不等的费用)”可知，本文主要讲解并描述威尼斯为了缓解游客太多的问题和爱护威尼斯城将对不在威尼斯过夜的游客收费。B项“威尼斯将对一日游收费”适合作为文章标题。故选B。其次节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。E-bike,poweredbyanelectricmotorinadditiontoyourpedaling,isgrowingfasterthananyotherkindofbikesthesedays.Beforeyougoonyournexttwo-wheeledadventure,makesureyou’refamiliarwiththeinsandoutsofbicyclesafety.___16___Manyofthesafetyrecommendationsarethesameforbothtypesofbikes.___17___Wearahelmet.Makesureyou’revisibletomotorists(somee-bikesnowcomewithlights).Don’ttalkonthephone,text,orlistentomusic.Andifyou’reane-bikerider,payattentiontothesetipstoo:•___18___Thatstartswithcheckingthatthetiresareinflatedandthebrakesareworkingproperly.Ifthebicyclehasn’tbeenusedforawhile,takeitforatune-upbeforeyoutakeitforaride.“Forane-bike,alsomakesureyourbatteryischarged,”saysAshLovell,electricbicyclepolicydirectoratPeopleforBikes,acyclistadvocacyorganization.Andbeforeandaftereveryride,checkyourbicyclefordamage.•___19___Thisisimportantfore-bikeriders.“Withtheabilitytogofastercomestheresponsibilitytoknowwhenyoushouldslowdown,”saysLovell.•Knowtherulesoftheroad.“Whenyou’reridinginthestreet,eveninaprotectedbikelane,readthesignals,payattentiontothelanemarkings,andcheckthesignagetoseewheree-bikesareallowed,”Lovellsays.___20___Signsinthosestatesmayspecifywhichtypesofbikesareallowedonwhichroadsandpaths.CheckthePeopleforBikeswebsite(peopleforbikes.org)formoreinformation.A.Beawareofyourspeed.B.Besureyourbikeisreadytoride.C.Guaranteeyourbikeisempoweredtogofurther.D.Ridewiththeflowoftrafficratherthanagainstit.E.Thiswillprovideyouwithmorepracticalityandmorefun.F.Thirty-sixstateshaveadoptedaclassificationsystemfore-bikes.G.Thisholdstruewhetheryou’reridingatraditionalbikeorane-bike.【答案】16.G17.D18.B19.A20.F【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了骑电动自行车的一些平安建议。【16题详解】空前“Beforeyougoonyournexttwo-wheeledadventure，makesureyou’refamiliarwiththeinsandoutsofbicyclesafety.(在你起先你的下一个两轮冒险之前，确保你熟识自行车平安的细微环节)”提到，在骑车前要熟识自行车的平安细微环节，结合选项，G项“无论你骑的是传统自行车还是电动自行车，这都是正确的”符合语境，G项中的“This”指的是前面一句话，即骑车前要留意自行车平安细微环节，这一点不管是对于骑传统的自行车还是电动车，都同样是对的。故选G。【17题详解】依据空前一句“Manyofthesafetyrecommendationsarethesameforbothtypesofbikes.(对于这两种类型的自行车，很多平安建议是相同的)”可知，此处是介绍两种自行车都适用的平安建议，D项“顺着车流行驶，而不是逆流而行”是介绍详细的平安建议。故选D。【18题详解】空处是段落主题句，依据空后“Thatstartswithcheckingthatthetiresareinflatedandthebrakesareworkingproperly.(首先要检查轮胎是否充气，刹车是否正常工作)”可知，检查轮胎检查刹车等，也就是骑车前要检查。B项“确保你的自行车为骑行做好准备”符合语境。故选B。【19题详解】空处是段落主题句，依据本段中“Withtheabilitytogofastercomestheresponsibilitytoknowwhenyoushouldslowdown(有实力骑得更快的同时，也有责任知道什么时候应当慢下来)”可知，本段是在讲速度，A项“留意你的速度”符合语境。故选A。【20题详解】依据空后“Signsinthosestatesmayspecifywhichtypesofbikesareallowedonwhichroadsandpaths.(这些州的标记可能会规定哪些类型的自行车可以在哪些道路上行驶)”可知，空处应是提到“thosestates”的详细指代内容，F项“36个州已经对电动自行车实行了分类制度”符合语境。故选F。第三部分语言运用(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Sixty-year-oldDeborawasdiagnosed(诊断)withcancerafterdoctorsfoundatumorinherlung.Asthemother-of-sixreceivedthe___21___,shepreparedforwhatshefearedmightbeherlastChristmaswithherfamily.Themotherwasstill___22___bytheonepersonwhowasmissingfromherdinnertable.JacobistheonlyoneofDebora’schildrenwhohas___23___awayfromhome.Sincehebeganstudyingengineering1,500milesawayinCaliforniafiveyearsago,theexpensivedistancehas___24___thatithasbeenrareforthestudenttoflyhome.“Comingbackwas___25___difficultforme.”saidJacob.“Beingafull-timestudent,it’shardtocomeupwiththemoneyfor___26___.”However,Jacobsavedupandborrowedmoneyfromfriendssohecouldflyhomeand___27___heronChristmasEve.Jacob’ssisterBeckyfilmedthe___28___momentthatDeboraopenedthedooronDecember24thandsawhersonforthefirsttimesinceherdiagnosis.Theheartwarming___29___showsDeborawasexcitedasshehuggedhersonanddeclaresit“the___30___Christmasever”.“Whenwereceivedthediagnosis,it___31___mehard.Beingsofarawayfromallyourlovedonesduringatimelikethiswasalmostunbearable,”saysJacob.“___32___verykindfriendwholentthemoneyatthelastminute,Iwouldn’thavebeenabletomakeit.Iboughtaticketanddecidedtosurprisemymomby___33___onChristmasEve.”Thisstoryhasahappy___34___:Deborahasbeenmonitoredagainandstillshowsno___35___ofcancerandsheishealthyagain.21.A.invitation B.treatment C.education D.arrangement22.A.amazed B.confused C.frightened D.upset23.A.taken B.broken C.moved D.ran24.A.meant B.stressed C.intended D.reminded25.A.widely B.mainly C.exactly D.particularly26.A.books B.medicines C.flights D.accommodations27.A.surprise B.reward C.transport D.impress28.A.terrible B.special C.awkward D.creative29.A.video B.article C.picture D.story30.A.last B.best C.worst D.first31.A.hit B.pushed C.changed D.drove32.A.Dueto B.Apartfrom C.Butfor D.Insteadof33.A.takingoff B.showingup C.touchingdown D.settingout34.A.crossing B.turning C.ending D.beginning35.A.losses B.details C.clues D.signs【答案】21.B22.D23.C24.A25.D26.C27.A28.B29.A30.B31.A32.C33.B34.C35.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲解并描述Jacob在外求学，很久没回家，但是由于母亲患病，尽管没有太多的钱，他还是在圣诞节时回家团聚，给母亲带来满满的喜悦。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为六个孩子的母亲，她接受了治疗，她担忧这可能是她和家人的最终一个圣诞节。A.invitation邀请；B.treatment治疗；C.education教化；D.arrangement支配。依据上文“Sixty-year-oldDeborawasdiagnosed(诊断)withcancerafterdoctorsfoundatumorinherlung.(医生在60岁的Debora的肺部发觉肿瘤后，她被诊断出患有癌症)”可以得知，患病后要接受“治疗”。故选B。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：母亲仍旧因为餐桌上少了一个人而难受。A.amazed惊异的；B.confused困惑的；C.frightened受惊的，胆怯 的；D.upset难受的。依据空后的“whowasmissingfromherdinnertable”可以得知，由于儿子不能回来一起团聚，因此母亲感觉到有些“难受”。故选D。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Jacob是Debora的孩子中唯一一个离开家的人。A.taken拿；B.broken打破；C.moved搬家；D.ran跑。依据后面的“Sincehebeganstudyingengineering1,500milesawayinCaliforniafiveyearsago(自从五年前，他起先在1500英里外的加州学习工程学以来)”可以得知，Jacob是“离开家（movedaway）”去加州上学。故选C。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：自从他五年前起先在1500英里外的加州学习工程学以来，昂贵的距离意味着他很少坐飞机回家。A.meant意味着；B.stressed强调；C.intended准备；D.reminded提示。结合语境可知，路途遥远，机票很贵，这意味着作为学生他很少乘飞机回家。故选A。【25题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：“回来对我来说尤其困难。”Jacob说。A.widely广泛地；B.mainly主要地；C.exactly精确地；D.particularly尤其。依据下文“it’shardtocomeupwiththemoney”及语境可知，由于没有足够的钱，所以回家“尤其”困难。故选D。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为一名全日制学生，很难拿出机票钱。A.books书；B.medicines药物；C.flights航班；D.accommodations住宿。依据前文的“forthestudenttoflyhome”可以得知，他是乘坐“航班”回家。故选C。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，Jacob攒钱，并从挚友那里借钱，这样他就可以飞回家，在平安夜给她一个惊喜。A.surprise(使)惊讶；B.reward嘉奖；C.transport运输；D.impress给……留下深刻印象。依据语境及空前“sohecouldflyhome”可知，Jacob很久没回来，而母亲Debora也盼着孩子回家，因此此处指Jacob想给母亲一个“惊喜”。最终一段中“Iboughtaticketanddecidedtosurprisemymom(我买了一张票，确定给我妈妈一个惊喜)”也有提示，故选A。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Jacob的妹妹Becky拍下了12月24日Debora打开门，自诊断以来第一次见到儿子的特别时刻。A.terrible可怕的；B.special特别的；C.awkward尴尬的；D.creative有创意的。依据语境及空后“DeboraopenedthedooronDecember24thandsawhersonforthefirsttimesinceherdiagnosis”可知，Jacob最终回家了，因此他的姐姐记录下这“特别的”的时刻。故选B。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这段暖心的视频显示，Debora兴奋地拥抱儿子，并宣称这是“有史以来最好的圣诞节”。A.video视频；B.article文章；C.picture图片；D.story故事。依据上文“Jacob’ssisterBeckyfilmedthe___8___moment”可以得知，Jacob的姐姐录像了，因此留下了暖心的“视频”。故选A。【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A.last最终的；B.best最好的；C.worst最坏的；D.first第一个。依据语境可知，孩子从远方回来，因此母亲认为这是“最好的”圣诞节。故选B。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们得到诊断结果时，我深受打击。A.hit打，击；B.pushed推；C.changed变更；D.drove驾驶。依据“Whenwereceivedthediagnosis”可知，当得知自己母亲的得了癌症，Jacob应是深受打击，所以此处要用hit。故选A。【32题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：要不是一位好心的挚友在最终时刻借钱给我，我是不行能做到的。A.Dueto由于；B.Apartfrom除了；C.Butfor要不是；D.Insteadof而不是。结合语境可知，本句话是虚拟语气，指要不是一个挚友借钱给他，他是无法回家的，butfor要不是。故选C。【33题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我买了一张票，确定在平安夜出现，给我妈妈一个惊喜。A.takingoff脱下，起飞；B.showingup出现；C.touchingdown着陆；D.settingout动身。依据第上一段中“DeboraopenedthedooronDecember24thandsawherson(12月24日，Debora打开门，看到了她的儿子)”可以得知，Jacob在圣诞节前夕出现了。故选B。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个故事有一个圆满的结局：Debora再次接受了监测，仍旧没有癌症的迹象，她又复原了健康。A.crossing交叉口；B.turning转弯处；C.ending结局；D.beginning起先。依据下文可知，母亲Debora复原了健康，故此处指故事有了一个华蜜的“结局”。故选C。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.losses失去；B.details细微环节；C.clues线索；D.signs迹象。依据空后“sheishealthyagain”可知，Debora复原健康，没有了癌症的迹象。故选D。其次节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。TheShennongjiaScenicAreaisdividedintoseveralparts.Amust-visitsiteistheShennongPeak,which___36___(belong)totheeasternrangeoftheDabaMountains.Itis___37___(high)peakofShennongjia,andstands3,106.2metersabovesealevel.Consideringthehighaltitudeofthemountain,anautomobileride___38___(require)toreachthetopofthepeak.Whiletravelingupthemountain,touristscanstopat___39___29-meter-highobservationtowerbuiltin1985.Itisusedforfire___40___(prevent)andpestmonitoring.Almosteverydayoftheyearfindsthepeakhiddeninaheavylayerofcloudcover,fogormist,makingitdifficultforpeople___41___(get)aclearglimpseofitslandscape.Onlyinsummerandautumn,___42___theskyisclearandthefoghasdisappeared,canvisitorslookdownfromthetopofthepeakandseetherollinggreenhills,andtreesofvariouskindscomingupfromtheground.Fortourists___43___(plan)toreachthetopofthepeak,theymustclimbalineofstairs.Thestonestairs___44___leadtothetopoftheShennongPeakarepavedwith2,999marblesteps.Afteroneandahalfhours,visitorswillreachthetop.Thelandscapeonthetopisdifferentfromthedenseforestsonthehillsideand___45___thefootofthemountain.【答案】36.belongs37.thehighest38.isre