中考英语真题分类训练-题型三一选择型阅读分类训练19说明介绍类主题8人与自然·航天探索

主题8人与自然·航天探索A(2022安徽)AteamofscientistsarecarryingoutaprojectattheUniversityofGreenwichinLondon.TheyaretryingtofindwaystomakefoodonMars(火星)inthefuture.TheprojectiscalledFeedingMars.Ittriestousewater,fishandfishwastetogrowfruitandvegetablesonMars.Itwouldtakeatleast21monthstoreachMars,learnaboutitssurfaceandreturntoEarth.SoitwouldbeabighelpifthespacemencouldgrowfreshfoodonMarsitself.FarmingonMars,however,willbeveryhard.There'splentyofwaterthatcouldbetakenfromicejustbelowthesurface,butthelandonMarsismissingthenutrients(养分)thatlivingthingsneed.Theteamsaythattheycouldsolvetheproblembygrowingplantsandfishtogether.Fishwastecanthenbeusedtoprovidenutrientsforplants."Itisexpectedthatyoucangrowlotsoffood,suchasvegetables,salad,teaandmedicinalplantsonMars,"saidDrBenzKotzen,wholeadstheproject."Youcanevenharvest(捕获)fishforfoodthen."1Whatdoestheunderlinedword"It"inParagraph1referto(指的是)?A.Thefuture. B.Theproject.C.Theland. D.Theplanet.2WhatmakesitdifficulttofarmonMars?A.Icebelowthesurface.B.Toomuchfishwaste.C.Themissingoflivingthings.D.Thepoorlandcondition.3HowdoesDrBenzKotzenfeelaboutFeedingMars?A.Hopeful. B.Doubtful.C.Surprised. D.Funny.B(2022重庆A卷)①Sincethefirstmanlookedupattheflyingbirds,countlesssuccesseshavebeenachievedonthewayuptothesky.Fromthestonesthrownintotheairtoairshipsofallkinds,pioneersofhumansneverfailedtolettheirimaginationrunwild.②Storiesofpioneersgobacktocenturiesago.③KiteflyinginChinadatesbacktothe5thcenturyBCandisthoughttobetheearliestexampleofman-madeflight.④Fromthe3rdcentury,theskylantern(灯笼)wasknowninChina.ManypeoplebelievethatitwasinventedbyZhugeLianginthewar.Somesayhewroteamessageonaskylanternforhelp,whileothersbelieveskylanternswereusedtodrivetheenemiesaway.⑤Whicheveristrue,humanshaveneverstopped,andtheyneverwill.Inmoderntimes,newfieldsarebeingexplored(探索).⑥In1993,theworld'slargesthotairairshipwasbuilt.TheAS300carriedanunderslungraft(悬挂式木筏).ItallowedateamofFrenchscientiststocarryouttheirtreetopresearcheswithouttoomuchharmtotherainforest.⑦OnMay15,2022,Chinesescientistssentupthelatestmodelof"JimuNo.1",China'sself-developedairship,tocollectweatherinformationontheQinghai-TibetPlateau.⑧Theairshipwouldworkataworld-recordaltitude(海拔)of9,032meters.Itwasthefirsttimeanairshipofitssizehadreachedthisheight,evenhigherthanthatofthe8848.86-meter-tallMountQomolangma,thehighestmountainintheworld.1Accordingtothepassage,welearn.

A.ZhugeLiangwasbelievedtoinventkitesB.skylanternswereusedjustforfuninChinaC.kiteflyinginChinadatesbacktothe5thcenturyBCD.skylanternswereknowninChinabeforethe3rdcentury2BoththeAS300andthelatestmodelof"JimuNo.1"areairshipswhich.

A.wereharmfultotheforestB.brokeaworldrecordeachC.reachedthehighestmountainD.helpedwithtreetopresearches3Thewriter'smainpurposeinwritingthepassageisto.

A.sharehumorousstoriesaboutthepioneersB.showhowexcellentancientpeoplewereC.encourageustolearnmoreaboutimaginationD.praisethenever-endingexplorationintothesky4Thestructure(结构)ofthepassageis.C(2022云南)Wukong,Tiangong,Tianwen...DoyouknowwherethenamesofChinesespaceprogramscomefrom?Wukong,theDarkMatterParticleExplorersatellite(暗物质粒子探测卫星),isnamedafterChinesesuperherotheMonkeyKing.AccordingtoJourneytotheWest,theMonkeyKinghasapairofsharpeyeswhichcantellthedifferencebetweengoodandevil.TheWukongsatelliteisjustassharp-eyedastheMonkeyKingtohelpscientistssearchfordarkmatterinspace.Thenameofthespacestation,Tiangong,meansthe"HeavenlyPalace".InChinesemyths,thisisthehomeofTianDi.NowtheTiangongspacestationisahomeforChineseastronautsinspace.AndChinawelcomesforeignastronautstoTiangongsothattheycanworktogether.Tianwen,China'sMarsmissions(任务),getsitsnamefromthepoemTianwenbyQuYuan.QuYuanisawell-knownpoetfromancientChina.InTianwen,hehadthequestionsaboutthesky,stars,nature,mythsandtherealworld,showinghishungerfortruth.PerhapstheTianwenmissionswillendupansweringsomeofQuYuan'squestions.IfyoulookintomorenamesofChinesespaceprograms,youwillfindthattheyallhavebeautifulmeanings.We,theChinesepeople,havealong-cherished(珍藏已久的)spacedream.SothenamingofChinesespaceprogramsistakenveryseriously.1WhatistheWukongsatelliteusedfor?A.AnsweringsomeofQuYuan'squestions.B.Findingthedifferencebetweengoodandevil.C.Helpingscientistssearchfordarkmatterinspace.D.Welcomingforeignastronautstothespacestation.2Theunderlinedword"myths"inParagraph3means""inChinese.

A.诗歌 B.神话C.谚语 D.传记3ThenameofChina'sMarsmissionsisfrom.

A.QuYuan'spoemTianwenB.anancientnovelC.ancientChinesemythsD.JourneytotheWest4WhydowetakethenamingofChinesespaceprogramsseriously?A.WewanttolandonMars.B.WewanttoprotecttheEarth.C.Wehavethehungerfortruth.D.Wehaveadreamforspace.5Whichcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.WhatBeautifulNamesB.WhataCherishedStarC.WhatExcellentPoemsD.WhataLongJourney主题8人与自然·航天探索A【短文大意】本文介绍了一个名为FeedingMars的科研项目,该项目旨在探索如何在火星上制作食物。1.B【解析】代词指代题。根据画线词前的"TheprojectiscalledFeedingMars"可知,It指的是FeedingMars这一项目,故答案为B。2.D【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的"thelandonMarsismissingthenutrients(养分)thatlivingthingsneed"可知答案为D。3.A【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中BenzKotzen博士的话,特别是其中的"youcangrowlotsoffood""