2024云南中考英语二轮复习 题型三 七选五还原句子型阅读（课件）

考情概览1

微技能讲练2题型三七选五还原句子型阅读

考情概览分析云南近6年中考真题可知，七选五还原句子型阅读理解主要呈现以下特点：1.文体：省卷：记叙文(2023)，说明文(6年5考)；昆明卷：说明文(6年5考)；2.话题：做法建议(省卷：6年5考；昆明卷：2023,2022)、事物介绍(昆明卷：2022,2023)、观点看法(昆明卷：2021)、文化类(昆明卷：2020)和哲理故事(省卷：2023)；3.词数：130－180之间，段落：4－9段；生词量：1－3个；4.设空句子：给出7个备选项，以陈述句为主，另外还会少量涉及祈使句、一般疑问句等。挖空的句子词数为2－10词。因此考生做题时，一定要注意空前后的关键句和过渡词，不要因只关注设空选项，而忽略了所选选项内容是否与空前后句内容一致。

微技能讲练微技能1搜寻关键词

微技能2理清逻辑关系微技能3把握上下文语境微技能讲练微技能1搜寻关键词(省卷：6年15考；昆明卷：6年15考)介绍段落主旨时，常会有核心词的复现，但不是词语的简单重复，而是核心词以同义词、近义词或不同词性的词出现。在做题时，注意选项中出现的与原文意思相同、相近或相反的词汇。同词复现(省卷：6年12考；昆明卷：6年10考)1方法同词复现指某一词在设空处前后和备选项中重复出现。可根据这一重复出现的词，结合原文与备选项确定出正确答案。例1(2021云南省卷第三节节选)Doexerciseeveryday.Therearemanywaystodoexerciseindailylife.62Somepeoplethinkthatdoingsimplethingslikecleaningthehouseishelpful.Otherpeoplethinkthatdoingexercisesuchasrunningorplayingballgamesisgood.典例剖析A.Pickupahobby.B.Itisalwayswithyou.C.Learntorelaxyourself.D.It'sbadforyourhealthtositforalongtime.E.Nowletmetellyousomewaystokeephealthy.F.Peoplehavedifferentideasaboutwaystoexercise.G.Healthyfoodplaysanimportantroleinastrongbody.剖析：根据后文“Somepeoplethinkthatdoingsimplethingslikecleaningthehouseishelpful.Otherpeoplethinkthatdoingexercisesuchas...”可知是在谈论不同人对锻炼方法的不同看法。并结合备选项“Peoplehavedifferentideasaboutwaystoexercise.”可知此处为“Therearemanywaystodoexerciseindailylife.”中ways的同词复现。故选F。Paragraph1(2021江西阅读理解B节选)__1__TheABNAMRObankstartedanInstitute(机构)ofBrilliantFailurestolearnmoreaboutwhatworksandwhatdoesn'tinbanking.Similarly,EliLillyandCompanyhadfailurepartiestostudythedrugs(药物)thatdon'twork.方法训练（

） A.Onetrulycannotexistwithouttheother. B.Wearebraveenoughtofacedifficulties. C.Intheearly1990s,ApplecreatedaphonecalledtheAppleNewton. D.Thebusinessworldalreadyunderstandsthevalueofnegativeresults. E.TheAppleNewtonhaswonpopularitywithpeopleallovertheworld. F.However,thingsareslowlychanging,especiallyinbusinessandscience. G.ThestoryoftheAppleNewtoncanteachusanimportantlessonaboutfailure.D派生词复现(昆明卷：6年3考)2方法派生词复现是指设空处前后句中某一词和备选项中某一词的关系为派生关系，即可通过构词法进行转换。如：prepare与preparation；introduce与introduction等。例2(2022昆明卷D篇节选)Soundisnottheonlydifference.Wordssometimeshavedifferentmeanings,too.62Americansdrivetrucks,butinEnglandpeopledrivelorries.A.EnglishiswidelyusedinChina.B.ItcanalsohappentootherlanguageslikeFrench.C.Forexample,thevocabularyforcarsanddrivingisverydifferent.D.Theysay“Haveyouastorybook？”典例剖析剖析：根据本段最后一句“Americansdrivetrucks,butinEnglandpeopledrivelorries.”可知备选项C中driving是句中的drive的派生词。故选C。Paragraph2(2021山西阅读C篇节选)“Theproblemwithyourgenerationisthatyoualwaysexpecttobehappy，”mymotheroncesaid.2Shouldn'twetryhardtoachieveit?方法训练（

） A.Neithercouldmyparents. B.Weshouldkeepthestressoffourselves. C.Surely,happinesswasthepurposeofliving. D.Thatmaymakeuslesssatisfiedwithourlives. E.Recently,teenagersfacemanykindsofproblems. F.Happinessarriveswhenweareleastexpectingit. G.Soit'snecessaryforustoacceptsadfeelingsaspartoflife.C同畴词复现3方法同畴词复现指设空处前后句某一词和备选项中某一词为同一范围的词：如watch与clock；sweater，jacket与coat等。注意阅读设空前后句，锁定关键词，可以根据设空前后的某一词与备选项中某一词是否属于同一范围来确定正确选项。例3(2020云南省卷第三节节选)64Soturnofftheairconditioner(空调)whenyoudon'tneedtouseit.Uselightsthatsaveenergy.Usefewerthingsthatcannotbeusedagain.Whenyoubuysomething,considerthosemadefromthingsthatcanbeusedagainfirst.A.Thiscancuttheuseofwater.B.Airpollutionisveryserious.C.ThiswillmakealotofCO2intotheair.典例剖析D.Sotrytowalk,rideabikeortakeabus.E.Nobodycanplayaroleinprotectingtheearth.F.Therearemanythingsyoucandotosavetheearth.G.Thebiggestenergyuseathomeisforkeepingwarmorcool.剖析：根据后文中的内容可知，备选项G中的“keepingwarmorcool”与文中的“airconditioner”是同畴词，都和调节温度相关。故选G。Paragraph3(2021江西阅读理解B节选)Infact,oneofthebusinessworld'smostfamousfailuresbecameoneofitsbiggestsuccesses,inpartbecausetheproduct'smakerslearnedfromtheirmistakes.3Theproduct,thoughunique(独特的)atthetime,wasexpensiveandheavy;besides,someofitsmostimportantfeatures(特点)didn'tworkproperly.方法训练（

） A.Onetrulycannotexistwithouttheother. B.Wearebraveenoughtofacedifficulties. C.Intheearly1990s,ApplecreatedaphonecalledtheAppleNewton. D.Thebusinessworldalreadyunderstandsthevalueofnegativeresults. E.TheAppleNewtonhaswonpopularitywithpeopleallovertheworld.C近义词复现4方法近义词复现是指设空处前后句中某一词与选项中某一词为近义词关系，如glad与happy；start与begin等。例4(2022云南省卷第三节节选)Remember:Yournicewordsmustcomefromyourheart.Don'tsayanythingifyoudon'thaveanythinggoodtosay.65ifyoucan'tfindanythinggoodaboutpeople,oryouwilldomoreharmthangood.A.Speakout.B.Keepsilent.C.You'reagreatfather.D.Thankyouverymuch.典例剖析剖析：根据本段第二句“Don'tsayanythingifyoudon'thaveanythinggoodtosay.”可知备选项B中的“silent”和句中的Don'tsayanything为近义关系。故选B。Paragraph4(2021潍坊阅读信息匹配题节选改编)__4__Looktoseeifthestoryyouarereadingisonothernewssitesthatyouknowandtrust.Ifyoudofinditonmanyothersites,thenitprobablyisn'tfake(althoughtherearesomeexceptions)．方法训练（

）A.Checkifthestoryisinotherplaces.B.Unluckily,notallofthesestoriesaretrue.C.Fakenewsstoriesoftenspreadmuchfaster.D.Also,thinkabouthowthestorymakesyoufeel.E.Lookatthewebsitewherethestorycomesfrom.F.Thereareothermethodsthatfakenewsuses.A微技能2理清逻辑关系(省卷：6年11考；昆明卷：6年8考)解答此类试题，通常还要考虑以下四类逻辑关系：并列/递进关系(and，also，besides，then，first，second，notonly...butalso...,inadditionto)、因果关系(because，becauseof，for，since，as，so，thanksto，asaresult，therefore，forthisreason)、转折让步关系(but，however，yet，though，although，evenif)和解释例证关系(inotherwords，thatis(tosay)，itmeans...，infact，suchas，forexample)。转折关系

5方法例5(2020昆明卷阅读D篇节选)EveryChinesekidstruggleswiththemforsometime.62Theycomewiththeirownspecialrulesandtraditions.A.HowChinesekidslearntousechopsticks.B.Peopleshouldnotmakenoisewithchopsticks.C.Learntherulesandtraditionsbehindchopsticks.D.Doingitatthedinnertableisbelievedtobringbadluck.E.Butchopsticksarenotjustsimpletoolstopickupfood.典例剖析剖析：根据前句“EveryChinesekidstruggleswiththemforsometime.”可知中国的孩子都要和筷子斗争一番，再结合空后的“Theycomewiththeirownspecialrulesandtraditions.”可知筷子有它们自己的规则和传统，所以它们不仅仅是简单的吃饭工具。故选E。Paragraph5(2021陕西阅读第二节节选改编)Doyouknowthereasonwhywefeeltiredinthemiddleofaclass?Maybeyouwouldsayitisbecausetheteacher'sclassisboring.__5__Perhapsthisissomethingyouhavenotpaidenoughattentiontoornotyetnoticed.方法训练（

） A.Sleepyanimals. B.Whydoweneedsleep? C.Somepeopletalkintheirdreams.

D.However,therealreasonisprobablythatwedon'thave

enoughsleep.

E.Theolderyouget,thelesssleepyouwillneed.

F.Somepeopleneverdreamwhiletheysleep.

G.Cleveranimals.D并列/递进关系6方法例6(2021昆明卷阅读D篇节选)First,doingchoreshelpschildrenlearntobeindependent.Parentscan'tstaybytheirchildren'ssideallthetime...

63

Whenchildrenfinishachore,theywillnotonlytakeprideinajobwelldonebutalsohaveconfidenceintheirabilitytodothingswell.Third,doingchoresmakesitpossiblefor...典例剖析A.Shouldchildrendochores?B.Choresaregoodforchildren.C.Whatchoresshouldchildrendo?D.Thathelpsthembuildteamspirit.E.Childrencannotdochoreswithouttheirparents'help.F.Second,doingchoreshelpschildrenbuildself­confidence.

剖析：根据文章第一句以及第三段第一句可知此处应介绍孩子做家务的第二个好处。故选F。Paragraph6(2021河南D篇节选改编)Connectyourmainbranches(分支)tothecentralpictureandconnectyoursecond­and­third­levelbranchestothefirstandsecondlevels,etc.Why?Becauseyourbrainworksbyconnection.

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Ifyouconnectthebranches,youwillunderstandandrememberalotmoreeasily.方法训练（

）A.Startinthecenterofapage.B.Usepicturesasmanyaspossible.C.Acentralpictureismoreinteresting.D.Idon'thavetoreadmynotesoverandoveragain.E.Itlikestoconnecttwo,orthree,orfourthingstogether.F.Itisnotwisetousemorepictures.G.Youneedtoconnectyourmindmapwithpictures.E举例/推理关系(省卷：6年5考；昆明卷：6年4考)7方法例7(2023云南省卷第三节节选)Youdon'tletpeoplegetoutofbusesorelevatorsbeforeyougetin...Youdon'tcoveryourmouthwhilecoughing...Youlistentomusicwithoutheadphones.Youthinkyourmusictasteisgreat？...Youarerudetowaiters...Commonsenseisnotsocommon.__65__典例剖析A.Youlistentomusicwithoutheadphones.B.Somelittlethingscanhurtyourimage.C.Someseriousthingsmayhurtyourimage.D.Andtheycanflyasfastas50milesperhour.E.Don'tmindyourbehavioranddoasyoulike.F.Juststandaside,letpeopleout,andthengetin.G.Pleasewatchyourbehaviorandbepoliteinpublic.剖析：根据上文中“Youdon'tletpeoplegetoutofbusesorelevatorsbeforeyougetin...，Youdon'tcoveryourmouthwhilecoughing...，Youlistentomusicwithoutheadphones...，Youarerudetowaiters...”可知空处应该是对行为和形象管理的总结。故选G。Paragraph7(2021成都补全短文节选改编)Eachnumberinabarcode(条形码)isshownbysevenblocksofthesamesize.7Forexample,thenumber“one”isshowninturnbytwowhitestripes(条)，twoblackstripes,twowhitestripes,andoneblackstripe.方法训练（

）A.Thencomputerscanreaditdirectly.B.Allinformationcanbeshownbybarcodes.C.Thenextparttellsyouwhoproducedtheproduct.D.And“nine”lookssimilarto“six”ifyouturnitupsidedown.E.Theinventionofbarcodesisbasedonaverysimpleidea.F.Evenifyouturnitupsidedown,itisn'tsimilartoanyothernumber.G.Thesearecoloredeitherblackorwhitetoshowthenumbersfromzerotonine.G因果关系8方法例8(2020云南省卷第三节节选)Carsburnoil.ThiswillmakealotofCO2intotheair.SomepeoplebelievethattoomuchCO2ismakingtheearthwarmerthanever.63ThiscansavesomeoilandproducelessCO2.典例剖析A.Thiscancuttheuseofwater.B.Airpollutionisveryserious.C.ThiswillmakealotofCO2intotheair.D.Sotrytowalk,rideabikeortakeabus.

剖析：根据空前“SomepeoplebelievethattoomuchCO2ismakingtheearthwarmerthanever.”可知讲述的是二氧化碳会使地球变得比以前更暖和，而空后的内容讲述的是采取措施后的结果，因此空处应是解决二氧化碳排放量过多的办法。故选D。Paragraph8(2021河南阅读D篇节选改编)8Why?Becauseeachpicture,justlikethecentralpicture,isalsoworthathousandwords.So,ifyouhave10picturesinyourmindmap,theyarealreadyworth10，000wordsofnotes.方法训练（

） A.Startinthecenterofapage. B.Usepicturesasmanyaspossible. C.Acentralpictureismoreinteresting.

D.Idon'thavetoreadmynotesoverandoveragain.

E.Itlikestoconnecttwo,orthree,orfourthingstogether.

F.Itisnotwisetousemorepictures.

G.Youneedtoconnectyourmindmapwithpictures.B微技能3把握上下文语境(省卷：6年4考；昆明卷：6年7考)若文中没有明显的词汇复现、逻辑关系等的