高考英语 语法填空高频话题 (航天科技与科学)

语法填空高频话题(航天科技与科学)1.（2023年湖南省岳阳市岳阳县新高考试题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。China’sMarsrover(火星车)ZhurongiscurrentlyinsafemodeasitwaitsoutaMartianduststormanditmayremaininsafemodeuntil1endof2022.ZhuronglandedonMarsayearago;fromthenon,theroverhasrecordedvideoandaudiofromthelargestrecognizedimpactbasin2(name)UtopiaPlanitia.Zhurong’sinitialmissionwasjust90daysbutsincethentherover3(continue)tostudytheMartiansurfaceandatmosphere.TheroverwasalsoforcedintoasafemodeinSeptember2021,whenEarth-basedspaceagenciesbrokeoffcommunicationwiththeMartianspacecraft(航天器).Now,theissueiswithlocalextremeweather.Ithas4(recent)becomewinterinUtopiaPlanitiaandthe5(condition)aresevereevenwithouttheduststorm.TheChinaNationalSpaceAdministration(CNSA)saidthatthetemperature6(different)betweendayandnightonMarsishuge.UtopiaPlanitia’sstormscanbedeadlytotheMartianspacecraft7relyonsolarpower;thestormscanblockoutsunlightformonths.ButZhurongisexpected8(handle)theongoingstormwith9(relate)ease.Meanwhile,CNSA’sTianwen-1Marsorbiterwillcontinuetokeeptrack10theMartianatmosphereforanychangesintheRedPlanet’sweather.2.（2023年江苏省扬州市广陵区扬州中学高三试题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。China’sspaceprojectsetssailfortheseaofstarsTheMengtianlabmodulesuccessfully11(join)theTianhecoremoduleandtheWentianlabmoduleatChina’sspacestationTiangongontheearlymorningofTuesday.Mengtianisthe12(two)labmoduleofthespacestationandthefirstoneisWentianthatwasconnectedwithTianhe13(previous).Withthetwolabmodulesnowdocked(对接)withthecoremodule,theT-shapedstructureofthespacestationhastakenshapeuptonow.Thespacestationhasentereditsfinalconstructionstageas14(plan).Thissmoothprogressshouldbeowedtoscientistsandengineersandallthose15devotionandhardworkhasmadethespacestation16reality.Chinahasneverabandonedits17(ambition)goalofacquiringadvancedspacecapabilitiesandbecomingapioneerintheexplorationofspace,soas18(help)expandourknowledgeoftheuniverse.China’sprideinitsspaceachievementsisalsoanexpressionofthanks19peoplewhohavemadecontributions.Theinsistenceonthespacemissionsbeingwell-prepared,well-organizedandwell-implemented(有效执行)hasbeenthe20(found)onwhichChina’saerospaceindustryhascontinuallyreachednewheights.3.（2023年河南省开封市高三冲刺试题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。China’scommercialcarrierrocketshavewelcomedanewmembertothefamily,aftertheSmartDragon-3,21Jielong-3,madeitssuccessfulflightfromthewatersoftheYellowSea,sending14satellites22(precise)intotheirdesignatedorbit.Thevehicle,developedbythestate-ownedChinaAcademyofLaunchVehicleTechnologyand23(weigh)about140tons,isacarrierrocketwithatotallengthofabout31meters.Itiscapableofsendinga1.5-tonpayloadtothe50-kilometerorbit,hasaeven24(large)nosecone(锥体)thatIprovidesmorespaceforpayloadsanddiversifiedlaunchmodes,and25(be)morecost-efficient.Itisahighlyreliablelaunchvehiclefittedwithfacilitiesthatsupportbothland-andsea-basedlaunches.SeabornelaunchesinChinahavehistoricallybeencoldlaunches,26useabooster(助推器)poweredbycompressed(压缩)air,steamorgastolaunchthevehicletoacertainaltitudebeforestartingtherocketengine.Thistime,SmartDragon-3pushed27(it)outofthelaunchingcellusingitsownengine.Whiletheextremeheatduringhotlauncheswillcausesomedamageto28(equip)onboardtheship,Chinahasdevelopedtheability29(reduce)thisimpactthroughtemperature-resistanttreatmentfortheship.Amongthe14satellitessentintoorbitduringthismissionwasTorch-1,30satellitewhichwillbeusedtocarryoutobservationsonmicrobialgrowthinmicrogravityconditions.4.（2023年高三开学摸底考试题》）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。FromEarth,wecanonlyseeonesideofthemoon.Theothersidehasbeenamystery.Butnow,wehave31chancetoseewhat’sonthefarside.OnJan3rd,aspacecraftChang’e4becamethefirstspaceprobe(探测器)inhistoryto32(successful)landonthefarsideofthemoon.Chang’e4has33(send)backphotosofthefarsideofthemoon.34thesephotos,scientistswilllearnmoreaboutthemoon.It’sdifficulttogrowanythingonthemoon,35Chang’e4hasmadeit.Chang’e4tooksixlivingthingstothemoon,suchaspotatoes,36(cotton)andfruitflies.Thecotton37isverycommononEarthhasalreadystartedtogrowonthemoon.Itisthefirsttimehumanshavegrownplantsonthemoon.Chinasetthreegoalswhenitstarteditsexplorationprogramin2004—theprobescouldcirclearoundthemoon,touchdownon38(it)surfaceandbringmaterialsbacktoEarth.Chang’e4hasachievedthesecondgoalandthethirdgoalwill39(realize)byChang’e5inthefuture.NowChinesescientistsarelookingeven40(far)intooursolarsystemandknowingmoreabouttheuniverse.5.（湖北省新高考联考协作体2023年高三试题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。ThreeChineseastronautsarrivedThursdayatChina’snewspacestationonathree-monthmission,markinganotherhuge41(succeed)inthecountry’sspaceprogram.TheirShenzhou-12spacecraftconnectedwiththespacestationaboutsixhoursaftertakingofffromtheJiuquansatellitecenter.42crewwilltestequipment,carryoutexperimentsandpreparethestationfor43(receive)anothertwounitsnextyear.ForNieHaisheng,itishisthirdtriptospace.ForLiuBoming,itishissecondone，followingamissionin200844includedChina’sfirstspacewalk.TangHongbo,who45(select)asoneofthecandidatesin2010,isflyinginspaceforthefirsttime.Themissionisthethirdof11plannedthroughnextyeartoaddthe46(addition)sectionstothestationandsendupcrewsandsupplies.Afreshthree-membercrewandacargoshipwithsupplieswillbesent47threemonths.Futuremissionstothestationwillincludewomen,with48(stay)extendedtoaslongassixmonths49asmanyassixastronautsonthestationatatimeduringcrewchangeovers.WithChinasteppingupinternationalcooperationandexchanges,it’sonlyamatteroftimeforthestation50(welcome)astronautsfromdifferentcountriesinthenearfuture.6.（2023年安徽省新高考联盟名校高考预测试题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式AgrandexhibitionkickedoffonFridayattheNationalMuseuminBeijing51(mark)30yearsofChina’smannedspaceprogram.TheexhibitionfeaturesmodelsofChina’snewly52(complete)spacestation,itsfamousLongMarchcarrierrockets,futuremodelsforChina’slunarmissionsandhistoricalmemorabiliatotellthestoryofthreedecadesof53(innovate)anddevelopment.“Wehopetheexhibitionwillpassourpassion54thecausetomorepeople.Andnowinthenewera,Chinesepeoplewillexploreeven55(far)andcontributetoallhumankindwithourquest,”saidHaoChun,directorofChinaMannedSpaceAgency,attheopeningceremonyoftheexhibition.HeaddedthattheChinesepeoplehadconsistentlyworkedtoachievenewadvancesandbreakthroughsinspaceexploration561992whentheprogramstarted.“Andinrecentyearswe57(work)tobuildtheChinaSpaceStation,makingourpreviousChina’s‘three-step’dream58reality,”hesaid.China’snext-generationcarrierrockethasathrustofover2,600tonnes,threetimesmorethantheLongMarch-5Bcarrierrocket,accordingtoZhangZhi,thechiefdesignerofthevehiclefromChinaAcademyofLaunchVehicleTechnology.TheLongMarch-5Bis59(current)themostpowerfulheavy-liftlaunchvehicleinChina,60isresponsiblefortransportingthecoremoduleandtwolabmodulesforChina’sspacestation.“Theacademyisalsodevelopingareusablerocketforlow-Earthorbittransportation,”Zhangadded.Theexhibitionwillrunforthreemonths.7.（2023年贵州省贵阳市高三试题）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Wouldyouliketohaveyourownsatellite?YoucannowbuyoneonTaobao!Commsat,aChinesecommercialspacecompany,has61(recent)putthreecommercialsatellitesontheshelvesof62(it)storeonTaobao.Thesimplestsatellite,weighinglessthan5kilograms,63(call)the1Ucubesatellite(1U立方星),64costs2millionyuan.Itlookslikeamagiccubeontheoutside,butitisequippedwithspacecamerasandsolarpanels(太阳能板).Targetedatschooleducation,itcouldenablestudentstooperatesatelliteslikespace65(scientist),accordingtoCommsat.Itcanalsobeusedforresearchpurposes.Thecompanyalsoofferssatelliteservices,suchastakingselfies(自拍照)withtheEarth.Thecustomeronlyneedstouploadtheirownphotos,66thesatellitewillshowthephotoorscreenorinspace.ItwilltaketheselfieusingEarth67thebackground.ChineseinternetcelebrityLuoYonghaosoldCommsat’ssatelliteinhislivestreaming(直播)eventonMarch31st.Abuyer68(buy)thefirstsatellitesixminutesaftertheevenstarted,69(mark)thefirstpurchaseofasatelliteonane-commerceplatformintheworld,accordingtoBeijingDaily.Althoughbuyingsuchhigh-endproductsseemsfarawayfrommostpeople’slives,itwillhelppopularizespacetechnology,70(comment)GlobalTimes.8.（2023年河北省邯郸市高考试题）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Scientistshaveproposedseveralobjectivesforafutureinternationallunarresearchstation,71(include)moon-basedEarthobservationandlunarresourceutilization(利用),theChinaScienceDaily72(report)onFriday.ZouYongliao,headofthelunaranddeepspaceexplorationdivisionoftheChineseAcademyofSciences,revealedthegoalsatarecent73(nation)spaceconference.Chinaplans74(establish)abasicmodelforalunarresearchstationbasedontwoplannedexplorationmissionsby2028,and75(subsequent)expanditintoaninternationalone.AccordingtoZou,asscientistscontinuetodeveloptheblueprintfortheresearchstation,theyhavealreadymadeprogressbycomingup76specificobjectivesforscienceandapplication.Theseobjectivesmainlyinvolvestudyingthemoon’sevolution(进化),exploringstarformationand77(activity),andobservingthesunandEarthfromthemoon.Zoualsomentionedthe78(perform)ofscientificexperiments,likegrowingplantsonthelunarsurface,andtheutilizationoflunarresources,suchasmoonminerals79solarenergy.Thescientistnotedthatthemoonisstillthe“mainfield”ofdeepspaceexplorationandtheconstructionofaninternationallunarresearchstationwas80historicalnecessity.9.（2023年全国统一考试押题卷英语试题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。ChinalaunchedaLongMarch3BcarrierrocketonThursdayafternoontotransportanexperimentalsatelliteintospace,81(complete)thebusiestyear2022forthecountry’sspaceindustryintermsoflaunches.ChinaAerospaceScienceandTechnologyCorp,thenation’sleadingspacecontractor,saidin82pressconferencethattherocketblastedoffat12:43p.m.fromtheXichangSatelliteLaunchCentreinsouthwesternChina’sSichuanProvinceandlaterdeployedtheShiyan10-02experimentalsatelliteintoitsorbit.Thesatellite83(task)withdemonstratingnewtechnologies84wouldbeusedformonitoringtheenvironmentinspaceandotherpurposes.ChinalauncheditsfirstcarrierrocketinApril197085(deploy)itsfirstsatellite,Dongfanghong1,intospace.Withthesuccessofthatmission,Chinabecamethe86(five)countryintheworldcapable87buildingandlaunchingitsowncarrierrockettoEarth’sorbit.Sincethen,thecountry88(develop)andlaunchednearly30typesofcarrierrockets,mostofwhicharepartoftheLongMarchseries.89(current),thereare22modelsofthecarrierrocketsin90(serve)inChina,16ofwhichareintheLongMarchfamily.10.（2023年河南省济洛平许高三四检试题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填人1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Chinawilllaunch(发射)twocrewstoworkonitsTiangongspacestationthisyear,accordingtotheChinaMannedSpaceAgency.Bothcrewswillconsistofthreeastronautsandwillbelaunchedintospace91LongMarch2Fcarrier.TheyarescheduledtoworkattheTiangongstationforsixmonths,wheretheywillconductspacewalks,scientificandtechnologicaltasks.and92(education)lectures.Inaddition,theTianzhou6roboticcargo(货运)spaceshipwilldock(对接)withTiangonginMay93(transport)necessitiesforthecrew.PangZhihao,anexpertonspaceexplorationtechnology,saidthat94(start)fromtheShenzhouXVmission,Chineseastronautswillspend95(much)timeonscientificexperimentsandtechnologicalteststhanbefore.“Thegovernmenthasmade96clearthatthespacestationisa‘nationalspacebasedlaboratory’97(devote)toscienceandtechnology.”saidPang.Ninejointscienceprojectsfrom17other98(nation)havebeenselectedtobecarriedoutaboardTiangong,andthefirstonesareexpectedtobeconductedbythecrewoftheShen-zhouXVorXVImissions.“Thecompositionoffutureflightcrewswillalsobedifferent.Therewillbescientists99havebeenselectedasmembersofChina’sthirdgenerationofastronauts,”andPang100(add),“Theyareexperiencingextensivetraining.”11.（2023年江西省南昌市高三二模英语试题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。ChinalaunchedthethreeastronautsoftheShenzhouXVmissiontothespacestationon101nightofNovember29,2022.Thethreeastronauts102(schedule)toreturntotheEarthinMayandaretostayinsidetheTiangongspacestationforsixmonths.Theywillcarryoutthreetofourspacewalksduringthemissiontomountequipmentoutsidethestation.Themajortasksincludeunlocking,installingandtesting15scientificcabinets;conductingscientificexperimentsandtechnologicaldemonstrations;and103(carry)outsixcargoorbitaldeploymentoperations.Theteamwasreported104(make)thefirstin-orbitshiftwiththethreeShenzhouXIVcrewmembers,105hadbeenorbitingthemotherplanetfornearlysixmonthsandflewbacktoearthwithinaweekfollowingtheShenzhouXV’s106(arrive).SeveralnationshaveproposedtoChinathattheywishtohavetheirastronauts107(send)totheTiangongspacestation.Chinaisnegotiatingwithrelevantpartiesonthismatterandis108(active)preparingtrainingworkforforeignastronauts.Withanoverallweightofnearly100metrictons,Tiangongisoneofthe109(large)space-basedinfrastructuremankindhaseverbuiltanddeployedinouterspace.Itisexpectedtooperateinalow-Earthorbitabout400kilometers110thegroundforabout10yearsandwillbeopentoforeignastronautsinthenearfuture.12.（2023年江西省南昌市高三试题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Asmalldevice,Moxie,hasproducedoxygenonthesurfaceofMars,111(bring)thechancesofsurvivingontheredplanetastepcloser.Researchpublishedin112journalScienceAdvancesreportedthatMoxieproducedbreathableoxygeninseven-hour-longtestsconductedinvariousweatherandatmospheric(大气的)conditionslastyear.Theresearchalsofoundthateveninextreme113(temperature)andafteraMartianduststorm,Moxie114(continue)toproducehigh-purityoxygen.“ThisisthefirstdemonstrationofactuallyusingresourcesonthesurfaceofMarsandtransforming115(they)chemicallyintosomethingusefulforahumanmission,”JeffreyHoffman,a116(retire)astronaut,said.“ThethinatmosphereonMarsis96percentcarbondioxideandmuchmore117(change)thanonEarthandthetemperaturecanvaryby100degrees,”Hoffmansaid.“OneaimistoshowwecanrunMoxieinallseasons.”Thedevice,Moxie,usessomespecialpumps,118suckincarbondioxide.Thegas119(heat)to800°Candpressedtoseparatethecarbonandoxygen.Carbonmonoxideissentoutaswastewhilethepureoxygenisleftbehind.Despitethechallenges,MoxiehasproveddurableintheextremeconditionsonMarsandscientistsregardthetestresults120agreatachievement.13.（2023年河南省TOP二十名校高三调研试题）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。The14thChinaInternationalAviationandAerospace(航空航天)Exhibition,alsoknownaAirshowChina,121(kick)offonTuesdayintheportcityofZhuhai,southChina’sGuangdongProvince.Thisyear’sairshow,122willlastuntilSunday,has123indoorexhibitionareaaround100,000squaremeters,andthenumberofaircraftforoutdoordisplayexceeds110.Theeventwasjoinedbyover740enterprisesfrom43countriesinpersonandonline,124(attract)around200,000visitorshomeandabroad.Cooperationagreementsfor549aircraft,worth$39.8billion,125(ink)attheevent.TheAirshowChinaisanimportantplatformshowcasingthevarious126(technology)andinnovationsoftheChineseaviationandaerospaceindustryaswellasnationaldefense.127isreportedthattheAviationIndustryCorporationofChina(AVIC)tookover200piecesof128(independent)developedaviationequipmentandtechnologiestotheAirshowChina2022,up34percentfromayearago.Fifty-fiveofthemwereexhibitedforthefirsttimeattheevent.LiWeipeng,whofliestheJ-20,saidtheenginesoftheJ-20jets129(display)thistimehadbeencomprehensivelyupdated,thoughtheir130(appear)remainedthesame.14.（2023年西藏拉萨市高三模拟试题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Thefirst-everC919,China’sfirstself-developedpassengerjet,131(deliver)toChinaEasternAirlinesinShanghaionDecember9,2022andisexpectedtobeputintocommercialoperationnextspring,132isasignificantmilestoneinthedevelopmentofChina’saviationmanufacturing(航空制造)industry.ThefirstC919has133totalof164seats,includingeightseatsinbusinessclassand156seatsineconomyclass.134(base)ontheinitialapprovaloftheCAAC(中国民用航空局),ChinaEasternalsoneedstocarryoutmorethan100hoursoftestflights135(confirm)theoperationalsafetyandvariousoperationalsupportcapabilitiesoftheaircraft,astheC919isthefirstsuchmodel136(global).Later,ChinaEasternplanstoputtheC919intocommercialservicein137(city)suchasShanghai,Beijing,Xi’an,KunmingandGuangzhou.Over20pilotswillserve138thefirstgrouptooperatetheC919.Theaircraftindustryhasenteredanewjourneyofdevelopment,anditisofgreat139(significant)inpromotingcooperationandinnovationintheglobalaviationindustr