2024年中考英语新热点时文阅读-中国历史人物

2024年中考英语新热点时文阅读-中国历史人物题型主要内容1阅读理解通过唐太宗知人善任的故事，说明了人才应该被重视并用在正确的地方。2阅读理解俞伯牙和钟子期高山流水遇知音的故事。3阅读理解“程门立雪”的故事，告诉我们尊重师长的道理。4阅读理解介绍了中国著名的历史人物——诸葛亮。5阅读理解清代伟大的女科学家——王贞仪。6阅读理解介绍了周公以及周公以礼治国的想法及孔子对周公的看法。7阅读理解介绍了张骞出使西域的经历，以及它的历史意义。8阅读理解介绍了古代伟大的思想家孙子以及他的著作《孙子兵法》的应用。9阅读理解介绍管仲利用几匹老马把迷路的军队带出山里的故事。10阅读理解介绍了中国古代文学家苏轼的生平和成就，告诉我们在面对困难时应该保持积极的态度。01（2022上·山东青岛·九年级统考期末）DuringtheTangDynasty,EmperorTaizongaskedFengDeyitolookfortalentedpeople.However,severalmonthspassed,hedidn’tfindanyone.“Itriedmybest,buttherearenotunusualpeopleatall.”Fengsaid.“Peopleareliketools.Whatweneedtodoistomakegooduseoftheirtalent.Youshouldcheckyourselffornotnoticingtalentedpeople.Howcouldyousaythattherearenotalentedpeopleinourcountry?”saidtheemperor.Itisreallytruethateachtoolhasaspecificuse.Aknifeismadetocutthingswhilechopsticksaremadetopickupfood.Wecan’tuseaknifeaschopsticks.Likeatool,eachpersonhasaspecialtalent.Nobodyisperfect.Wecan’texpectapersontobegoodateverything.Withthisideainmind,EmperorTaizongdiscoveredmanytalentedpeople.Heofferedthemimportantpositions,whichhelpedthemmakethemostoftheirtalentsThetalentedpeoplehelpedthesocietydevelop.AgoodexampleisMaZhou,whogrewupinapoorfamily.Magavealotofusefuladvice,soEmperorTaizonggavehimahighpositionandpromotedhimmanytimes.Hehelpeddealwithdifficultproblemsandbecameafamouspersoninhistory.Duringthatperiod,theimportantpeoplearoundEmperorTaizong,suchagFangXuanling,WeiZhengLiJing,allwerethebrightestandthebestofthetimewiththeirownstrongpoints.EmperorTaizong’stalentedpeoplehelpedthesocietydevelopandcreateda“goldenage”.1．Whowasaskedtolookfortalentedpeoplebytheemperor?A．EmperorTaizong. B．FangXuanling. C．WeiZheng. D．FengDeyi.2．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“promoted”mean?A．惩罚 B．批评 C．教导 D．晋升3．Whycouldn’tFengDeyifindanytalentedpeopleinTaizong’sopinion?A．Becausehisruleswerewrong. B．Becausehedidn’tagreewiththeemperor.C．Becausehewasafraidofmakingmistakes. D．Becausetherewerenotalentedpeople.4．MaZhouisagoodexampleofpeoplewho________.A．havenotalentbutarestilluseful B．areunusualandperfectC．showtalentintherightfield D．knowwhentotakeachance5．Whatisthemainmessageofthestory?A．Chanceonlycomestothosewhoareprepared.B．Talentedpeopleshouldbevaluedandledtotherightplace.C．Nothingintheworldisdifficultifyouputyourheartintoit.D．Appearancecanbechanged,buttalentalwaysstaysthesame.02YuBoyawasafamousmasterofgin.Hehadbeenlearningfromnaturetocreatebeautifulmelodies(曲调).Once,YutookaboattriptothestateofChu.Alongtheway,theriverwaterrushedtowardstheeast,leavingthehighmountainsbehind.ThebeautifulsceneryinspiredYu.Hetookouthisginandbegantoplay.Afterawhile,henoticedawoodsman(樵夫)standingontheriverbank,enjoyinghismusicquietly.Yuhappilyinvitedthemanintotheboat.Thewoodsmanintroducedhimself,“MynameisZhongZiqi.”Afterthat,YuplayedtheqinforZhong.Heplayedmusicthatdescribedthehighmountains.Zhongsaid,“Howwonderfulitis!Iseemtoseethemagnificent(壮丽的)MountTai.”Yuplayedmusicthatdescribedtheflowingwater.Zhongsaid,“Whatabeautifulmelody!Iseemtoseetherushingriver.”Yuwassurprisedbythewoodsman’swords.“Youreallyunderstandmymusic!”Sothemusicianandthewoodsmanbecamegoodfriends.Theydecidedtomeeteachotheragainatthesameplacethefollowingyear.Whenthedaycame,Yuarrivedontime,butdidnotseeZhong.HevisitedthevillagewhereZhonglivedandheardthathisfriendhaddiedofanillness.Yufeltverysad.HetookouthisqinandonceagainplayedthemusicofHighMountainandFlowingWater.“Mybestfriendhaspassedaway,”hesaid.“Nooneintheworldunderstandsmymusicanymore.”Hethenbrokehisginandneverplayeditagain.6．WhatdidZhongZiqidointhestory?A．Amusician. B．Acook. C．Awoodsman. D．Afisherman.7．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“inspired”inParagraph2mean?A．启迪 B．远离 C．考验 D．期待8．WhathappenedafterYuinvitedZhongintotheboat?A．HewenttoZhong’svillage. B．HeplayedtheginforZhong.C．HevisitedMountTaiwithZhong. D．HeenjoyedthescenerywithZhong.9．Whydidn’tZhongZiqicometomeetYuagain?A．Becausehewasseriouslyill. B．Becausehewasdead.C．Becausehemetadifferentfriend. D．Becauseheforgotthemeeting.10．Whatisthebesttitleforthistext?A．AGreatMusician B．HowtoPlaytheQinC．TrueFriendship D．TheImportanceofFriendship03YangShiwascleverwhenhewasachild.Heenteredschooltostudyatfourandcouldreadandwritepoemsattheageofseven.Thelocalpeoplecalledhimatalentedman.Hewaswell-knowneverywhere.Oneday,YangShiandoneofhisschoolmateshaddifferentviewsonacertainquestion.Inordertogetacorrectanswer,hewenttovisitChengYi,afamousphilosopher(哲学家).AtChengYi’shouse,however,theguardingkidsaidtohim,“Mr.Chengisnapping(睡午觉).You’dbettergobackandcomelater.”Yangreplied,“Itdoesn’tmatter.I’llwaithereforawhile.”Afterawhile,itbegantosnowheavily.However,YangkeptonstandinginthesnowandwaitingforChengsothathecouldaskChengquestions.ThelittlekidkindlyremindedYangthatChengmightnotwakeupinashorttimeandinvitedhimtowarmhimselfinthehouse.ButYangcontinuedwaitingoutsideagainstthecoldwindandthefallingsnowwithoutevenonemove.WhenChengwokeupandcameoutofhisstudy,thelittlekidreportedtohimthatYangShiwaswaitingoutsidethedoor.ChengYiaskedthekidtoletYanginrightaway.Whenthelittlekidopenedthedoor,everyonewasshocked.Thesnowoutsidewasmorethanafootdeep,butYangstillstoodtherewithoutmovinghisfeet.“Youngman,whyareyousosilly?Youcouldhavecomeagain!”ChengYisaidtoYangShiinhisstudy.“It’sOK!Asastudent,ifIwanttolearnfromthemaster,ofcourseIshouldwaitoutsidethedoor,”Yanganswered.Later,ChengYiacceptedYangShiashisstudent.11．WhencouldYangShiwritepoems?A．Afterthreeyearsofschool. B．Afterfouryearsofschool.C．Whenhewasfour. D．Attheageofsix.12．Whichistherightorderaccordingtothepassage?①TheguardingkidinvitedYangShitowarmhimself.②YangShibecameastudentofChengYi.③Itstartedtosnowheavily.④ChengYicameoutofhisstudy.A．①③④② B．③①④② C．③①②④ D．④③①②13．WhywaseveryoneshockedtoseeYangShi?A．Becausehewasplayingwithsnow. B．Becausehewasstandinginthedeepsnow.C．Becausehewasreadinginthesnow. D．Becausehewasrunninginthesnow.14．Whatcanwelearnfromthestory?A．Weshouldlearntobepatienttowait. B．Wemustsolveourproblemsbyourselves.C．Westudentsshouldlearntohelpeachother. D．Westudentsshouldrespectourteachers.04（2023上·广东深圳·九年级深圳市高级中学校考期中）ZhugeLiang,alsoknownasKongming,wasafamousandsmartpersoninancientChina.Hewasgoodatstrategyandwasveryclever.Borninthelate2ndcentury,ZhugeLangbecamewell-knownwhenhejoinedLiuBei,theleaderoftheShuKingdom,ashismainstrategist.ZhugeLiangwasreallygoodatplanningmilitaryactionsandhelpedLiuBeiwinmanybattles.ThismadetheShuKingdomoneofthethreemajorpowersatthattime.ZhugeLiangwasnotonlygoodatmilitarystrategy,butalsoskilledingovernance(统治),engineering,anddiplomacy(外交).Hewasknownforbeinghumbleandvirtuous(品德高尚的),whichmadepeopletrustandrespecthim.OneofZhugeLiang’smostfamousachievementswastheLongzhongPlan,astrategyhemadetoprotecttheShuKingdomfromattacksbytherivalWeiKingdom.Hesuccessfullydefendedagainstseveralinvasionsbycarefullyplanningandbuildingfortifications(防御工事).ZhugeLiang’sreputationlastedthroughhistory,andhebecamealegendaryfigureinChina,seenasthesymbolofwisdomandintelligence.Hiscontributionsandaccomplishmentscontinuetoinspirepeople,bothinChinaandworldwide.15．WhowasZhugeLiang?A．AfamousmilitarystrategistinancientChina.B．AleaderoftheWeiKingdom.C．Afamousscholar(学者)ofdiplomacy.D．AskilledengineerintheShuKingdom.16．WhichkingdomdidZhugeLiangjoinasastrategist?A．WeiKingdom.B．ShuKingdom.C．WuKingdom.D．QinKingdom.17．HowdidZhugeLianghelpLiuBei’skingdom?A．Hehelpedhiskingdomgainindependence.B．Hehelpedhiskingdombecomethemostpowerfulatthattime.C．Hehelpedhiskingdomwinmanybattles.D．Hehelpedhiskingdomestablishtraderoutes.18．WhatwasoneofZhugeLiang’smostfamousachievements?A．TheconstructionoftheGreatWall.B．Theinventionofpapermaking.C．TheideaoftheLongzhongPlan.D．TheestablishmentoftheSilkRoad.19．HowisZhugeLiangrememberedinChinesehistory?A．Asamasterofliteratureandpoetry.B．Asaskilleddiplomatandpolitician.C．Asavictorofmanykingdoms.D．Asasymbolofwisdomandintelligence.05（2023·宁夏·统考中考真题）AStarWoman—WangZhenyiWangZhenyi,bornin1768,wasagreatwomanscientistinQingDynasty（朝代）.Atthattime,girlscouldn’tgetgoodeducation,butherfatherencouragedhertoreadbooksandeducateherself.Shebecameinterestedinastronomy（天文学）,math,geography,medicineandpoems.In1786,shedecidedtogivemuchattentiontoastronomy,mathandpoems.Afteryearsofhardwork,sheachievedalot.WangZhenyi（1768—1797）Herachievements·Foundoutwhentheeclipses（日蚀；月蚀）ofthesunandthemoonwouldhappen·Learnedalotabouthowthesun,themoonandtheearthmoveinspace·Madesomenewrulesinmath·WrotemanybooksandpoemsSadly,WangZhenyidiedwhenshewasonly29yearsold.Eventhoughherlifewasshort,herthoughtsanddiscoveriesliveon.In2000,aplanetwasnamedafterher.Herspiritandhardworkcontinuetoinspire（激励）peopletoday.20．WhenwasWangZhenyiborn?A．In1768. B．In1786. C．In1797. D．In2000.21．Accordingtothepassage,whatdidWangZhenyidecidetogivemuchattentionto?A．Math,geographyandmedicine.B．Astronomy,mathandpoems.C．Astronomy,medicineandpoems.D．Astronomy,medicineandgeography.22．WhatcanwelearnfromWangZhenyi?A．Itiseasytobecomesuccessful.B．Nothingisimpossibleifweworkhard.C．Womenarealwayswiserthanmen.D．It’simpossibleforawomantobeascientistinancienttimes.23．Inwhichpartofamagazinecanyouprobablyreadthepassage?A．Health. B．Business. C．Sports. D．People.06（2022上·山东烟台·九年级统考期中）Dreamingofanancientduke（公爵）Q:ChinesepeopleoftensaytheydreamabouttheDukeofZhou.IstheDukeofZhouarealperson?A:TheDukeofZhouwasapolitician（政治家）wholivedduringtheWesternZhouDynasty（1046-771BC）.HisactualnamewasJiDan.HewastheyoungerbrotherofKingWuwangofZhou.ThedukehelpedhisbrotherbeattheKingdomofShangandestablish（建立）thedynasty.HehimselfwasaregionalrulerorZhuhou.However,afterseveralyears,KingWuwangfellsickandwantedtheduketobecometheking,butthedukerefused.KingWuwang’soldestsonthencametopower-hewasknownasKingChengwang.Thedukeactedasaresponsibleregent（摄政王）tohelphisnephew（侄子）.Heputdownarebellion（暴乱）.Hecameupwiththeideaofrulingthroughrituals（礼仪）.Whenhisnephewcameofage,thedukehandedoverpower.SeveralcenturieshadpassedbeforeConfucius（孔子）sawtheDukeofZhouasagreatpoliticianagain.HestudiedtheknowledgepasseddownfromtheZhouDynastyfromayoungage.Heevendreamedaboutthedukequiteoften.WhileservingtheStateofLu,Confuciussuggestedthatitsrulerrunthestatewithritualsbuttherulerdidn’tlistentohim.Thisiswhyhetraveledtootherstatestopromote（推广）theidea.Aftermanyyears,hisideastilldidn’thavemuchsupport.Alreadyanoldman,hesaidthathewastoooldtodreamabouttheDukeofZhou.Later,peoplestartedusing“dreamingabouttheDukeofZhou”torefertorememberingscholarsofthepast（先贤）.Today,itsimplyreferstogoingtosleep.24．WhatwastheDukeofZhou’srealname?A．JiDan. B．Wuwang. C．Zhuhou. D．Chengwang.25．WhatdidKingChengwangcalltheDukeofZhou?A．Father. B．Uncle. C．Nephew. D．Cousin.26．Whichistherightorderofthefollowingevents?a.JiDanputdownarebellion.b.ConfuciussuggestedtheruleroftheStateofLurunthestatewithrituals.c.KingWuwangofZhouestablishedtheWesternZhouDynasty.d.TheKingdomofShangwasestablished.e.Thedukecameupwiththeideaofrulingthroughrituals.f.Confuciustraveledtootherstatestopromotetheideaofrulingthroughrituals.A．d-c-a-b-e-f B．d-a-c-e-b-f C．d-c-a-e-b-f D．d-c-e-a-b-f27．Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?A．ConfuciusservedtheStateofLuthroughouthislife.B．JiDanbecamethesecondkingoftheWesternZhouDynasty.C．TheWesternZhouDynastylastedmorethanthreehundredyears.D．ConfuciusadmiredtheDukeofZhoufromthebottomofhisheart.07（2022上·辽宁葫芦岛·九年级统考期中）ZhangQian(张骞)wasanearlytraveler.HewasprobablythefirstmantobringbackgoodinformationaboutthecentralAsianlandstoChina.In138BC,HanWudisentZhangQiantotheYue-chi(大月氏)toaskfortheirhelpagainsttheXiongnu(匈奴).Unfortunately,onthewaytoWestRegions,hewascaughtbytheXiongnupeople.Zhanghadtostaywiththemforabout10yearsbeforehegotaway.WhenZhangatlastreachedtheYue-chiinabout128BC,hewasdisappointedtofindthattheydidn’twanttofightagainsttheXiongnupeople.Onhisreturnjourney(旅程),

ZhangQianandhismenwereagaincaught.Itwasnotuntil125BCthattheyreturnedtoChina.Zhangdidn’tfinishhisjob,buthelearnedalotabouttheplaces,people,customsandculturesofthe36kingdoms(王国)ofWesternRegions.HanWudithensentZhangtothewestagain.Zhang’sjourneytothewesthelpedwithinternationaltrade,especiallyinsilkbetweenChinaandtheWest.28．ZhangQianwassenttotheYue-chibecause________.A．HanWudiwantedtomakefriendswiththeXiongnupeople B．helikedtravellingallovertheworldtoomuchC．HanWudineededthehelpfromtheYue-chipeople D．hehopedtolearntheculturesofothercountries29．Whatdotheunderlinedwords“WestRegions”meaninChinese?A．西欧 B．西域 C．西亚 D．西方30．WhendidZhangQiangreachtheYue-chi?A．In138BC． B．Inabout148BC． C．Inabout128BC． D．In125BC．31．WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?A．Zhangfinishedhisjobsuccessfullyintheend. B．Zhangdidnotreturnatlastbecausehewascaught.C．ZhangreturnedtoChinainabout125AD． D．ZhanglearnedalotabouttheWestRegion.32．HowmanytimeshasZhangQianbeentothewest?A．Onlyonce. B．Twice. C．Threetimes. D．Fourtimes.08（2021上·广东深圳·九年级深圳外国语学校校考阶段练习）Anancientphilosopher’swisdomcanbecomparedinvaluetogold.NowTheArtofWarbythegreatthinkerSunTzuhasactuallybeenprintedonpuregold.Thereare5,000ofthesebooksacrossChina,costing19,600yuaneach.Knownastheworld’soldestbookonmilitarystrategy,itwasoriginallywrittenonbamboostrips.SunTzulivedinthelateSpringandAutumnPeriod.ThereislittleinformationaboutSunTzu’sreallife.Accordingtoonestory,thekingaskedSunTzutodemonstratehiswayoftrainingthearmy.Agroupoftheking’sconcubines（妃子）playedasthesoldiersandtwooftheking’sfavoritesactedascommanders（指挥官）.SunTzugavethemorders,buttheythoughtitwasjustagameandcouldn’tstoplaughing.SunTzusaid,“Iftheorderisnotclear,it’smyfault.Butiftheorderisclear,andsoldiersdon’tobey,it’sthecommanders’fault.”Hethenkilledthetwocommanders,despitetheking’sprotest.WhenSunTzugaveneworders,theconcubinesperformedperfectly.SunTzu’sbookbecamepopularwithleadersinAsiaandlaterintheWest.In1782aFrenchmannamedAmiottookthebooktoEurope.ItissaidthatNapoleonuseditsprincipleswhileconqueringEurope.TodayTheArtofWarisusedinbusiness,sport,andevenrelationships.SunTzuispossiblythemostquotedChineseintheworld.Onesayingis,“Ifyouknowtheenemyandknowyourself,youneednotfeartheresultofahundredbattles.”33．Whichistrueaboutthebook“TheArtofWar”?A．Itwascomparedtogold.B．Ithasbeenprintedonpuregold.C．Itwaspublishedonbamboostripsagain.D．ItwasaboutthestoryofSunTzuandtheking.34．WhowasSunTzu?A．Agreatancientthinker.B．ApopularChinesewriter.C．AfamousChinesebusinessman.D．Aeducatorknownallovertheworld.35．InthestoryofSunTzu’swayoftrainingthearmy,whodidSunTzukill?A．Twofamouscommanders.B．Twooftheking’sfavoritesoldiers.C．Twogroupsoftheking’sconcubines.D．Twooftheking’sfavoriteconcubines.36．WheredidSunTzu’sbookfirstlybecomepopular?A．InFrance. B．InEurope. C．InAsia. D．Inthewest.37．Whichisthebesttitleofthisarticle?A．TheArtofWar.B．TheValueofGold.C．SunTzuandhisWork.D．TheWiseWordsofSunTzu.09（2022上·重庆渝中·九年级重庆巴蜀中学校考期末）DuringtheSpringandAutumnperiod,DukeHuanofQihadamilitaryadvisor(军师)namedGuanZhong.GuanwasawisemanwhohadhelpedQibecomeapowerfulstateatthattime.Onespring,theShanrong,aminoritygroup(少数民族)fromthenorth,①attackthestateofYan.TherulerofYanaskedQiforhelp.DukeHuanofQiledhisarmyto②rescueYan.Guanalsowentwithhim.WhentheShanrongsoldiersheardthattheQiarmywascoming,theyranawayfromYanandintothemountainsofthestateofGuzhu.TheQisoldiersfollowedandfoughtwiththemthere.Thebattle(战争)lastedforalmostayear.WhentheQiarmyfinally③defeatedtheenemy,itwasalreadywinter.DukeHuanofQiwasthenreadytoleadhisarmybacktoQi,butheandhissoldiersgotlostinavalley(山谷).DukeHuanofQisentseveralteamsofsoldierstolookforawayout.However,thevalleywascoveredbysandandrocks.Inthatcoldwinter,eventheskywasdark.Alltheteamsreturnedinvain(徒劳无功).Astimewentby,thesoldierswouldsoonrunoutoffood.DukeHuanofQiwasasanxious(焦急的)asanantonahotpot.Suddenly,Guancameupwithanidea.“I’veheardthatwhendogsweretakenawayfromtheirhomes,mostofthemcouldfindtheirwayback.Horsesmayalsohavetheabilityto④recognizetheirwaybackhome,”saidGuan.“Wecanpicksomeoldhorsesandletthemleadtheway.Maybetheycanhelpusgetoutofhere.”DukeHuanofQiagreed.Guanchoseacoupleofoldhorsesandletthemwalkahead.Thehorseslookedaroundandthenwalkedalongthehillside.Thearmyfollowedthem.Luckily,withtheoldhorsesleadingtheway,thearmywasabletogetoutofthevalleyandreturnedsafelytoQi.NewWords:①attack:useknives,gunsetc.againstanenemyinawar②rescue:tosavesb.fromadangeroussituation③defeat:towinagainstsb.inawaroracompetition④recognize:toknowwhatsomethingiswhenyouseeitbecauseyouhaveseenitbefore38．WhatwasGuanZhong?A．Hewasamilitaryadvisor. B．Hewasawiseman.C．HewastherulerofYan. D．Hewasabravesoldier.39．Thearmycouldn’tfindthewayoutbecause________.A．thebattlelastedforalmostoneyear.B．thevalleywascoveredbysandandrocksanditwascoldwinterC．thevalleywascoveredbysandandrocksanditwasdarkoutthereD．thesoldierswerelazyandnotintelligentenough40．Whatidiom(成语)doesthestorytellof?A．塞翁失马 B．老马识途 C．金戈铁马 D．单枪匹马41．Whichofthefournewwordscanbeusedtocompletethissentence?Whichteam________Franceandwonthe2022WorldCup?A．attacked B．rescued C．defeated D．recognized10（2023·吉林长春·长春市解放大路学校校考模拟预测）SuShiisn’tastrangenametous,aswelearnhisciintextbooks.Suisoneofthemostpopularancientwriters.Hewasgoodatalmostallkindsofwritingsandart,includingpoems,ciandprose（散文）aswellascalligraphy（书法）andpainting.ButSuwasnotonlyrespectedforhistalents,butalsoforhispositiveattitudetowardslife.Whenhewasyoung,hepassedtheimperialexamination（科举考试）andgotadegreeofJinshi.Afterthat,hebecameanofficial.Unluckily,Suwasdemoted（贬谪）toserveinfarandthatareasbecauseofotherofficials’badwordsabouthim.Buthewasnottoodiscouraged.First,hewenttoHuangzhou,intoday’sHubei.Therehetriedtoenjoylifeinthecountryside.HefarmedapieceoflandwhichhecalledDongpo.ThisiswhypeoplecallhimDongpo.ItisalsosaidthatheinventedDongpoPork,afamousChinesedish,duringthisperiod.Manyofhispoemswerewrittenthere,too.IncludingTune:CalmingtheWaves.Itsline“Imperioustowind,rainorshine,I’llhavewill（归去！也无风雨也无晴）”showedhisopen-mindedattitude.SuwasalsodemotedtoDanzhou,intoday’sHainan.Atthebeginning,becouldn’tgetusetohot,wetweather.Hecouldn’tunderstandthelocallanguage.Insteadofgettingsad,hesetupschoolsandgotalongwellwiththelocals.Manypeopletraveledfromfarplacestovisithim.“Suisagreatoptimist（乐天派）,afriendofpeople,aprosemaster.”writerLinYutangsaidinhisbookaboutSu.根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。42．________isnotmentionedaboutSuShi’stalent.A．Ci B．Painting C．Singing D．Poems43．Theunderlinedword“discouraged”inParagraph3means________.A．disappointed B．confident C．surprised D．happy44．Paragraphs3and4arewrittento________.A．showSuShi’sinfluenceonpoetry B．introduceSuShi’slifeafterdemotionC．introduceSuShi’swritingsandart D．showhowotherpeopleseeSuShi45．________isthecorrectorderofSuShi’sexperiences.①HewasdemotedtoHuangzhou.②HeinventedDongpoPork.③HegotadegreeofJinshi.④HesetupschoolsinDanzhou.A．①②③④ B．②①④③ C．③①②④ D．③②①④46．WhatwecanlearnfromSuShi’sexperiences?A．Weshouldworkhardtoavoidupsanddowns.B．Weshouldtryourbesttohelpothers.C．Weshouldaskfriendsforhelpwhenwearedown.D．Weshouldstaypositivewhenfacingdifficulties.参考答案：1．D2．D3．A4．C5．B【导语】本文通过唐太宗知人善任的故事，说明了人才应该被重视并用在正确的地方。1．细节理解题。根据“DuringtheTangDynasty,EmperorTaizongaskedFengDeyitolookfortalentedpeople.”可知，唐太宗让封德彝物色人才。故选D。2．词句猜测题。根据“soEmperorTaizonggavehimahighpositionandpromotedhimmanytimes.Hehelpeddealwithdifficultproblemsandbecameafamouspersoninhistory.”可知，唐太宗给了他很高的职位，他帮助解决了难题，可推知前面应表达提拔了他很多次，故推出划线部分promoted意为“提拔、晋升”。故选D。3．推理判断题。根据“Peopleareliketools.Whatweneedtodoistomakegooduseoftheirtalent.Youshouldcheckyourselffornotnoticingtalentedpeople.”可推出，唐太宗认为封德彝找不到人才的原因是因为他选拔人才的标准是不对的。故选A。4．推理判断题。根据“AgoodexampleisMaZhou,whogrewupinapoorfamily.Magavealotofusefuladvice,soEmperorTaizonggavehimahighpositionandpromotedhimmanytimes.”可知，马周给了很多有用的建议，所以唐太宗给了他很高的职位，并多次提拔他，由此可推断出马周是一个在正确的地方发挥了才能的例子。故选C。5．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文通过唐太宗知人善任的故事说明了人才应该被重视并用在正确的地方。故选B。6．C7．A8．B9．B10．C【导语】本文主要讲述了俞伯牙和钟子期高山流水遇知音的故事。6．细节理解题。根据文中“Thewoodsmanintroducedhimself,‘MynameisZhongZiqi.’”可知，钟子期是一个樵夫，故选C。7．词义猜测题。根据文中“Alongtheway,theriverwaterrushedtowardstheeast,leavingthehighmountainsbehind.”及“Hetookouthisginandbegantoplay.”可知，高山流水的美丽景象启迪了俞伯牙的创作灵感，他因此取琴弹奏，inspired意为“启迪”，故选A。8．细节理解题。根据文中“Yuhappilyinvitedthemanintotheboat…Afterthat,YuplayedtheqinforZhong.”可知，俞伯牙邀请钟子期上船后，为他弹了琴，故选B。9．细节理解题。细节理解题。细节理解题。根据文中“Whenthedaycame,Yuarrivedontime,butdidnotseeZhong.HevisitedthevillagewhereZhonglivedandheardthathisfriendhaddiedofanillness.”可知，钟子期去世了，所以没有去见俞伯牙，故选B。10．最佳标题题。本文主要讲述了俞伯牙和钟子期高山流水遇知音的故事，表现了他们之间珍贵的友谊，用“TrueFriendship”做标题最合适，故选C。11．A12．B13．B14．D【导语】本文讲述了“程门立雪”的故事，告诉我们尊重师长的道理。11．推理判断题。根据“Heenteredschooltostudyatfourandcouldreadandwritepoemsattheageofseven.”可知，杨时四岁上学，七岁时能够写诗，因此是上学三年后能够写诗。故选A。12．推理判断题。根据“Afterawhile,itbegantosnowheavily；Thelittlekid...invitedhimtowarmhimselfinthehouse；WhenChengwokeupandcameoutofhisstudy；Later,ChengYiacceptedYangShiashisstudent.”可知，顺序是：天下起大雪，门童请杨时进屋取暖，程颐走出书房，之后程颐收杨时为学生，顺序为③①④②。故选B。13．细节理解题。根据“Whenthelittlekidopenedthedoor,everyonewasshocked.Thesnowoutsidewasmorethanafootdeep,butYangstillstoodtherewithoutmovinghisfeet”可知，杨时一动不动地站在大雪里等候老师，大家对此感到吃惊。故选B。14．主旨大意题。杨时为了求学，一直在大雪中等候老师，表现出对老师的尊重，因此D选项“我们学生应该尊敬我们的老师”符合题意。故选D。15．A16．B17．C18．C19．D【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了中国著名的历史人物——诸葛亮。15．细节理解题。根据第一段“ZhugeLiang,alsoknownasKongming,wasafamousandsmartpersoninancientChina.Hewasgoodatstrategyandwasveryclever.”可知，诸葛亮是中国古代著名的军事战略家。故选A。16．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Borninthelate2ndcentury,ZhugeLangbecamewell-knownwhenhejoinedLiuBei,theleaderoftheShuKingdom,ashismainstrategist.”可知，诸葛亮作为战略家加入了蜀国。故选B。17．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“ZhugeLiangwasreallygoodatplanningmilitaryactionsandhelpedLiuBeiwinmanybattles.”可知，诸葛亮帮助刘备赢了很多战役。故选C。18．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“OneofZhugeLiang’smostfamousachievementswastheLongzhongPlan”可知，诸葛亮最著名的成就之一是隆中计划。故选C。19．细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“ZhugeLiang’sreputationlastedthroughhistory,andhebecamealegendaryfigureinChina,seenasthesymbolofwisdomandintelligence.”可知，诸葛亮被视为智慧和聪明的象征。故选D。20．A21．B22．B23．D【导语】本文主要介绍了清代伟大的女科学家——王贞仪。20．细节理解题。根据“WangZhenyi,bornin1768”可知王贞仪出生于1768年，故选A。21．细节理解题。根据“In1786,shedecidedtogivemuchattentiontoastronomy,mathandpoems”可知她决定多关注天文学、数学和诗歌。故选B。22．推理判断题。根据“Afteryearsofhardwork,sheachievedalot.”和“Herspiritandhardworkcontinuetoinspire（激励）peopletoday.”可知只要我们努力，没有什么是不可能的。故选B。23．推理判断题。文章主要介绍了清代伟大的女科学家，所以可以在杂志的“人物”部分看到。故选D。24．A25．B26．C27．D【导语】本文主要介绍了周公以及周公以礼治国的想法及孔子对周公的看法。24．细节理解题。根据“HisactualnamewasJiDan.”可知，周公的真名是JiDan，故选A。25．推理判断题。根据“HewastheyoungerbrotherofKingWuwangofZhou.”以及“KingWuwang’soldestsonthencametopower-hewasknownasKingChengwang.”可知，周公是武王的弟弟，武王的长子继位，被称为成王，所以周公是成王的叔叔，故选B。26．细节理解题。根据“ThedukehelpedhisbrotherbeattheKingdomofShangandestablish（建立）thedynasty.”可知，商朝败了建立了西周，应是d，然后是c；根据“Heputdownarebellion（暴乱）.Hecameupwiththeideaofrulingthroughrituals（礼仪）.”可知，周公镇压了一次叛乱，应该是a，然后是e；根据“Confuciussuggestedthatitsrulerrunthestatewithritualsbuttherulerdidn’tlistentohim.Thisiswhyhetraveledtootherstatestopromote（推广）theidea.”可知，孔子建议鲁国的统治者以礼制治国，但是被拒绝了，孔子到其他州去推广这个想法，故选C。27．推理判断题。根据“SeveralcenturieshadpassedbeforeConfucius（孔子）sawtheDukeofZhouasagreatpoliticianagain...Thisiswhyhetraveledtootherstatestopromote（推广）theidea.”可知，孔子从心底里钦佩周公。故选D。28．C29．B30．C31．D32．B【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了张骞出使西域的经历，以及它的历史意义。28．细节理解题。根据“In138BC,HanWudisentZhangQiantotheYue-chi(大月氏)toaskfortheirhelpagainsttheXiongnu(匈奴)”可知，汉武帝派张骞去大月氏，让大月氏人帮忙抵抗匈奴。故选C。29．词句猜测题。根据“Unfortunately,onthewaytoWestRegions,hewascaughtbytheXiongnupeople”和历史常识可知，张骞要去的地方是西域。故选B。30．细节理解题。根据“WhenZhangatlastreachedtheYu