电力专业英语阅读与翻译 课件 4-Transmission System and Transmission Lines

电力专业英语(4)TransmissionSystemandTransmissionLines参考教材：朱永强.电力专业英语阅读与翻译.机械工业出版社，2024-06TransmissionSystemandTransmissionLines1.Asthesystemexpandsandhighervoltagelevelsbecomenecessaryfortransmission,theoldertransmissionlinesareoftenrelegatedtosub-transmissionfunction.尝试翻译1.Asthesystemexpandsandhighervoltagelevelsbecomenecessaryfortransmission,theoldertransmissionlinesareoftenrelegatedtosub-transmissionfunction.生词n.电压等级voltagelevel

翻译随着系统的扩大和更高的电压等级为输电所必需，旧的输电线路往往被移交给中压输电功能。TransmissionSystemandTransmissionLines说明highervoltagelevelsbecomenecessaryfortransmission与systemexpands并列，在翻译时要尽量避免两部分的字数差别太大。berelegatedto表示“移交给……，推给……”。TransmissionSystemandTransmissionLines2.Nodefinitecapabilitycanbespecifiedforalineofagivenvoltage,however,becausecapabilityisdependentonthethermallimitsoftheconductor,allowablevoltagedrop,reliability,andrequirementsformaintainingsynchronismbetweenthemachinesofthesystem,whichisknownasstability.尝试翻译2.Nodefinitecapabilitycanbespecifiedforalineofagivenvoltage,however,becausecapabilityisdependentonthethermallimitsoftheconductor,allowablevoltagedrop,reliability,andrequirementsformaintainingsynchronismbetweenthemachinesofthesystem,whichisknownasstability.生词n.发热限制，发热极限thermallimitvoltagedropsynchronismn.电压降落n.同步性，同时性TransmissionSystemandTransmissionLines翻译然而，无法为给定电压等级的线路指定确切的容量，这是因为容量取决于导线的发热极限、允许的电压降落、可靠性和维持系统中的发电机同步的要求（这被认为是稳定性）。TransmissionSystemandTransmissionLines说明however是承接句子前面的其它内容而言的，在翻译时应该提到句首。bedependenton相当于dependon，表示“依赖于，取决于”。beknownas意思是“被认为是……”。句中bedependenton后面带了多个宾语，其中最后一个宾语还有自己的定语从句，为了不影响这些宾语的并列陈述，宾语的定语从句可以以括号内容的形式出现。Which引导的定语从句修饰的主体是synchronismbetweenthemachinesofthesystem。为了便于理解，这个句子可以拆解为：However,Nodefinitecapabilitycanbespecifiedforalineofagivenvoltage,becausecapabilityisdependentonthethermallimitsoftheconductor,allowablevoltagedrop,reliability,andrequirementsformaintainingsynchronismbetweenthemachinesofthesystem;synchronismbetweenthemachinesisknownasstability.TransmissionSystemandTransmissionLines3.Capacitanceexistsbetweentheconductorsandisthechargeontheconductorsperunitofpotentialdifferencebetweenthem.尝试翻译3.Capacitanceexistsbetweentheconductorsandisthechargeontheconductorsperunitofpotentialdifferencebetweenthem.生词n.电容capacitance翻译电容存在于导体之间，等于导体上的电荷（电量）与导体间的电势差之比。或：电容存在于导体之间，等于导体之间单位电压对应的电量。capacitancen.电导TransmissionSystemandTransmissionLines说明这个句子结构并不复杂，翻译的难点在于perunitof如何翻译。AperunitofB表示“单位B上的A”或者“A/B”。TransmissionSystemandTransmissionLines4.Balanceofthethreephasescanberestoredbyexchangingthepositionsoftheconductorsatregularintervalsalongthelinesothateachconductoroccupiestheoriginalpositionofeveryotherconductoroveranequaldistance.尝试翻译4.Balanceofthethreephasescanberestoredbyexchangingthepositionsoftheconductorsatregularintervalsalongthelinesothateachconductoroccupiestheoriginalpositionofeveryotherconductoroveranequaldistance.生词n.间隔；间隙interval翻译沿线路方向每隔一定间隔就交换导线位置，使每根导线都能占据具有相同输电距离的其它各导线的初始位置，以重建三相平衡。TransmissionSystemandTransmissionLines说明句子的主语和谓语主干很短，但带有一个很长的状语，即从by开始到句子结尾的全部内容。这个状语短语的结构比较复杂。由sothat引导的从句，说明exchangingthepositions的目的，overanequaldistance是everyotherconductor的定语。为了便于理解，这个句子可以拆解为：Balanceofthethreephasescanberestoredbyexchangingthepositionsoftheconductorsatregularintervalsalongtheline;exchangingthepositionsoftheconductorssothateachconductoroccupiestheoriginalpositionofeveryotherconductor;theconductorandeveryotherconductorareoveranequaldistance.TransmissionSystemandTransmissionLines5.Aluminumconductorshavecompletelyreplacedcopperbecauseofthemuchlowercostandlighterweightofanaluminumconductorcomparedwithacopperconductorofthesameresistance.尝试翻译5.Aluminumconductorshavecompletelyreplacedcopperbecauseofthemuchlowercostandlighterweightofanaluminumconductorcomparedwithacopperconductorofthesameresistance.生词n.铜copper翻译与具有相同电阻的铜导线相比，铝的成本更低，重量更轻，铝导线已经完全取代了铜导线。TransmissionSystemandTransmissionLines说明becauseof后面接带定语的名词短语时，该名词短语往往不宜直接翻译，很多时候可以处理为主谓结构的短语。例如，themuchlowercostandlighterweightofanaluminumconductor可以翻译为：铝的成本更低，重量更轻。TransmissionSystemandTransmissionLines6.Thetotalnumberofstrandsinconcentricallystrandedcables,wherethetotalannularspaceisfilledwithstrandsofuniformdiameter,is7,19,37,61,91,ormore.尝试翻译6.Thetotalnumberofstrandsinconcentricallystrandedcables,wherethetotalannularspaceisfilledwithstrandsofuniformdiameter,is7,19,37,61,91,ormore.生词n.绳、线，绳、线之一股strand翻译同心绞合电缆内的所有的环形空间都被直径相同的绞线填满，绞线的总股数为7、19、37、61、91或者更多。concentricallyadj.集中的；共中心的，同轴的annularspacen.环形空隙[空间]TransmissionSystemandTransmissionLines说明这是where引导的定语从句修饰的主体是strandedcables，该从句插入到了句子中间，并以逗号前后分隔，容易干扰视线，翻译时要弄清句子结构。另外，句子的谓语是从is开始的，比较短，而主语带了一个很长的修饰语，而且该修饰语自己还嵌套有定语从句。为了避免“头重脚轻”，翻译时可以对句子的顺序和结构作适当调整。为了便于理解，这个句子可以拆解为：Thetotalnumberofstrandsinconcentricallystrandedcablesis7,19,37,61,91,ormore;intheconcentricallystrandedcables,thetotalannularspaceisfilledwithstrandsofuniformdiameter.TransmissionSystemandTransmissionLines7.Uptovoltageof46kVthecablesareofthesolidtypewhichmeansthattheonlyinsulatingoilinthecableisthatwhich