2024秋新教材高中英语Unit3ConservationPeriod2Lesson1TheSixthExtinction课时作业北师大版选择性必修第一册

PAGEPAGE1UNIT3PeriodTwoLesson1题组A基础练(建议用时：10分钟)Ⅰ.单词拼法1．Itisreportedthatsomerare________(物种)havebeendiscoveredinthismountain.2．Thenumberofstudentsinsomeruralschoolshave________(削减)sharplyinrecentyears.3．NobodybutIshouldbeto________(责怪)．4．Thesharpnoisefromtheconstructionsitebadly________(影响)myhealth.5．These________(濒危的)animalsshouldbeundercarefulconservation.6．Asyouknow,________(太阳的)energydoesnoharmtoourplanet.7．Thelittleboytriedto________(孵化)theseeggsbyputtingthemunderhisarms.8．Itwilltakemanyyearsbeforetheecologyinthisarea________(复原)．9．Theclimatethisyearisquite________(异样)fromaverageyears.10．Youcansee________(各种各样的)animalsandplantsinthisforest.【答案】1.species2.decreased3.blame4.affects5．endangered6.solar7.hatch8.restores9．unusual10.varied/various/differentⅡ.单句语法填空1．Hisfather,known________askilledsurgeon,willcometogivealectureinourschool.2．Inthelastthirtyyears,there________(be)greatchangesineverywalkoflifeinourcountry.3．Thedogbarkedawholenight,________keptmeawakeallnightlong.4．________hehasfailedmanytimesinhisexperiment,hedoesn’twanttogiveuptrying.5．Itisquitecertain________theirteamwilllosethegameintheend.6．WithouttheInternet,ourlife________(be)differentfromwhatitis.7．Thenumberofthese________(endanger)animalsisontheincreasetheseyears.8．Myhenhas________(lay)twentyeggsthismonth.9．Itisup________youtodecidewheretohaveourdinnerparty.10．Tenstudentswerepraisedatthemeeting,________(include)LiMingandWangFei.【答案】1.as2.havebeen3.which4.Though/Although5．that6.wouldbe7.endangered8.laid9.to10．includingⅢ.完成句子1．Shecantype________________________________60wordseveryminute.她可以每分钟60词的速度打字。【答案】attherateof2．Inthepastthirtyyears,________________________greatprogressinmanyaspectsinourcountry.在过去三十年里，我们国家在很多方面都取得了巨大的进步。【答案】therehasbeen3．____________quiteobvious________heisconfidentabouthislifeinthefuture.很明显，他对将来的生活很有信念。【答案】Itis;that4．Withoutairorwater,we________________unabletolive.要是没有水和空气，我们就不能生存。【答案】wouldbe5．________________________________toprotectthesewildanimals.应当实行措施，爱护好这些野生动物。【答案】Steps/Measuresmustbetaken题组B提升练(建议用时：30分钟)Ⅰ.阅读理解Pressyourfingersintothebackofyourhead,justaboveyourneck.Ifyoufeelasmallbonybump(突起),youmayfindevidenceofhumanevolution(进化):itcouldbeyourbodyrespondingtocommonsmartphoneuseinthe21stcentury.AccordingtoarecentstudypublishedinScientificReports,moreyoungpeoplehavebonybumpsatthebaseoftheirskulls,rightabovetheneck.Medicalprofessionalscallthemenlargedexternaloccipitalprotuberances(EEOPs,枕外隆突)．AustralianhealthscientistDavidShahar,theauthorofthestudy,toldtheBBCthathe’sseenmoreandmorepatientswithEEOPsoverthepasttenyears.TogetherwithotherresearchersfromtheUniversityoftheSunshineCoast,Australia,theyexamined1,200skullxraysfrompeopleaged18—30.Theyalsomeasuredthebumpsandnotedeachperson’sposture.Theyfoundthatoneinfourpeoplehaddevelopedthesegrowths.Thisledtotheirtheorythatsmartphonesarethecause.Accordingtotheirresearch,lookingdownatourphonesaddsstressontothetopofourspines(脊柱).Topreventdamagetoourspines,Shaharbelievesourbodiesaddfreshbonybumptohelpreducetheextrastress.MostoftheEEOPsmeasuredjustafewmillimeters.However,severalsubjectswerefoundwithEEOPsaslargeas30mm.Inhisreport,Shaharsaidtheresults“highlightedtheneed”forprevention.Inotherwords,weneedtochangeourposturewhileusingourphones.Manypeopleassumeourbonesaresolidandunmovingoncewereachadulthood.Inreality,theyarealiveandcoveredwithbloodvessels(血管),whichallowsthemtodevelopinuniquewaysforeachperson.AsidefromEEOPs,othernoticeablerecentchangesinhumanbodiesincludeshrinkingjaws,narrowerelbowsandgenerallysmallerskeletons.Thehumanbodyisadaptingtomodernlife,sowhoknowswhatpeopleinthefuturemightlooklike?1．WhatdidtherecentstudyfindaboutEEOPs?A．Theygrowonone’sneck.BTheycanleadtomanyhealthproblems.C．Theymaystopgrowingwhenyoureach30.D．Theyoccuramongmoreandmoreyoungpeople.2．WhatisthemaincauseofEEOPsaccordingtotheresearchers?A．Extrastress. B．Agingbones.C．Smartphoneuse. D．Geneproblems.3．WhichofthefollowingwouldShaharprobablyagreewith?A．EEOPsincreasethestressonourspines.B．EEOPsareactuallybeneficialtoourspines.C．Youngpeople’sbonesadaptinsimilarways.D．Youngpeopleshouldexercisetoimprovetheirposture.4．What’sthewritingpurposeofthetext?A．Topersuadereaderstoprotecttheirspines.B．ToexplainwhyhumanbodiesdevelopEEOPs.C．Toshowsomerecentchangesinhumanbodies.D．Torecommendsomehealthyhabitsofusingphones.【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章讲解并描述了由于对21世纪一般智能手机的运用，导致了越来越多的年轻人有枕外隆突。1．D细微环节理解题。由第三段中的“TogetherwithotherresearchersfromtheUniversityoftheSunshineCoast,Australia,theyexamined1,200skullxraysfrompeopleaged18—30.”和“Theyfoundthatoneinfourpeoplehaddevelopedthesegrowths.”可知，枕外隆突发生在越来越多的年轻人中。故选D项。2．C细微环节理解题。由第三段中的“Thisledtotheirtheorythatsmartphonesarethecause.”可知，智能手机的运用是造成枕外隆突的主要缘由。故选C项。3．B推理推断题。由第四段中的“Accordingtotheirresearch,lookingdownatourphonesaddsstressontothetopofourspines(脊柱).Topreventdamagetoourspines,Shaharbelievesourbodiesaddfreshbonybumptohelpreducetheextrastress.”可推断出：枕外隆突对我们的脊椎有好处，能够增加簇新的骨质来帮助削减额外的压力。Shahar可能会同意这一观点。故选B项。4．B推理推断题。依据第一段“Ifyoufeelasmallbonybump(突起),youmayfindevidenceofhumanevolution(进化):itcouldbeyourbodyrespondingtocommonsmartphoneuseinthe21stcentury.”，其次段尾句“Medicalprofessionalscallthemenlargedexternaloccipitalprotuberances(EEOPs,枕外隆突)．”，第三段讲“枕外隆突产生的缘由”，第四段讲“枕外隆突的好处”可知，文章的写作目的是说明人类为什么会形成枕外隆突。故选B项。阅读加油站respondto响应togetherwith和；连同lookdownat朝下看；俯视asidefrom…除……以外Ifyoufeelasmallbonybump(突起),youmayfindevidenceofhumanevolution(进化):itcouldbeyourbodyrespondingtocommonsmartphoneuseinthe21stcentury.假如你感觉到一个小小的骨性肿块，你可能会发觉人类进化的证据：它可能是你的身体对21世纪一般智能手机运用的反应。Ⅱ.完形填空Foryears,Ifollowedthematerialisticstandardsaroundme.Ithoughtthatwithoutthepurses,shoes,andalltheother“__1__”things,Iwouldnotbeaspretty,smart,orimportantasothersofmyage.Asafreshman(新生)ofmyhighschool,Ithoughttopsocialstatuscouldbegainedbydoingeverythingtofitin.SoIbecamea(n)__2__andboughtfake(伪造的)designerpurses.Ifeltpopularandimportant,andIlovedit.But,myparentscouldn’tunderstandmystrong__3__tobesomeonejusttoimpressothers.TheytriedendlesslytoconvincemethatIwashurtingmyself,butIwouldn’tlisten.Ifelt__4__withthiswayofmylifeuntilonedayIlookedatmyselfinthemirrorandsawsomeonewithmakeupandtheproduct­filledhairwasn’tme.Thatpersonwas__5__.SoIquitcheerleadingand__6__swimmingagain,somethingIhadlovedforeightyearsbeforehighschool.Ialsoattendedmyschool’stopvocal(声乐)performancegroup,and__7__myselfwhole­heartedlytocommunityservice.Iwrotearticlesinmyschoolnewspaperthatquestionedthematerialistic__8__ofmanystudentsatmyschool.Istarted__9__mylimitsacademically,whichIpreviouslyconsideredlessimportantthanimprovingmysocialstatus.Ifoundanewgroupoffriendswho__10__me,unlikemyoldfriends.IfoundInolongerneededtoimpressothersmaterialistically.Startingoverwas__11__.Myclassmateslookedatmeasiftheydidn’tknowme.Iamto__12__thematerialisticculture.Iamconfident,talented,andoptimistic.IknowwhoIam.I’mmotivatedtoexploreevenmoreofmy__13__asastudentandamemberofmycommunity.Itookoneoftheworst__14__inmylifebutIturneditaroundand__15__somethingbeautiful－alifethatfitsme,withmeaningandhappiness.1．A.strange B．necessaryC．conventional D．stupid2．A.assistant B．winnerC．actress D．cheerleader3．A.promise B．refusalC．desire D．failure4．A.pleased B．tiredC．confused D．bored5．A.happy B．busyC．attractive D．sad6．A.started B．suggestedC．regretted D．avoided7．A.forgave B．admittedC．devoted D．collected8．A.doubts B．systemsC．reforms D．behaviors9．A.pushing B．clarifyingC．finishing D．remembering10．A.protected B．supportedC．discovered D．blamed11．A.natural B．simpleC．hard D．special12．A.teamupwith B．makeupforC．takeadvantageof D．saygoodbyeto13．A.history B．beliefC．potential D．experience14．A.situations B．changesC．remarks D．decorations15．A.tested B．createdC．taught D．affected【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，起初作者追求物质财宝，认为外在形象可以帮助树立良好的社会地位。后来她变更了对自己的看法，重新起先游泳，学习声乐课并努力完成社区服务活动，创建了适合自己的漂亮的生活。1．B考查形容词辨析。strange惊奇的；necessary必要的；conventional传统的；stupid愚蠢的。“我”遵循享乐主义的生活标准，所以“我”追求的是物质财宝。名牌包和服装对“我”来说都是必需的物品。故选B项。2．D考查名词辨析。assistant助手；winner成功者；actress女演员；cheerleader啦啦队员。依据第四段中“SoIquitcheerleadingand__6__swimmingagain…”可知后来“我”放弃了啦啦队，说明“我”之前是啦啦队员。故选D项。3．C考查名词辨析。promise诺言；refusal拒绝，回绝；desire欲望，目的；failure失败。“我”想通过外在形象给别人留下深刻印象，父母无法理解“我”这样的欲望。和“诺言、拒绝、失败”无关。故选C项。4．A考查形容词辨析。pleased兴奋的，满足的；tired乏累的；confused困惑的；bored乏味的，无聊的。因为成功融入了新环境，作者对于自身状况很满足。故选A项。5．D作者原来对自己很满足，直到有一天她照镜子，看到镜子里的浓妆艳抹的自己，感觉自己成了另外一个人，特别难过，后来放弃了啦啦队，返璞归真。故选D项。6．A考查动词辨析。start起先；suggest建议；regret懊悔，缺憾；avoid避开。句意：意识到自己的变更以后，“我”重新起先游泳，学习声乐课并努力完成社区服务活动。故选A项。7．C考查固定搭配。devote…to…致力于……；努力做……；其余三个动词都没有这个搭配。句意同上题。故选C项。8．D考查名词辨析。doubt怀疑；system系统；reform改革；behavior行为。句意：“我”在学校的报纸上写了有关质疑唯物主义的行为的文章。依据前段可知作者对唯物主义的思想产生了怀疑。故选D项。9．A考查动词辨析。push推动；clarify澄清；finish完成；remember记得。订正了之前物质主义的行为以后，“我”起先努力推动自己在学业上的进程，之前“我”认为学习并不重要。故选A项。10．B考查动词辨析。protect爱护；support支持；discover发觉；blame责怪。现在“我”有了新挚友，和之前的挚友不一样，他们特别支持“我”。故选B项。11．C考查形容词辨析。依据后句可知同学看着“我”似乎不相识“我”一样，因为“我”和以前不一样了，对“我”来说重新起先特别困难。故选C项。12．D考查动词词组词义辨析。短语teamupwith与……合作；makeupfor弥补；takeadvantageof利用；saygoodbyeto和……说再见。作者变更了价值观，和之前的物质主义说再见。故选D项。13．C考查名词辨析。名词history历史；belief观点；potential潜力；experience阅历，经验。现在“我”变得更加自信乐观，情愿挖掘自己的潜力。与“历史、观点、经验”无关。故选C项。14．A考查名词辨析。名词situation情景，状况；change变更，变更；remark评论；decoration装修，装饰。“我”接受了人生中最糟糕的状况，但最终“我”做出了变更，重新回来自“我”。故选A项。15．B考查动词辨析。“我”做出了变更，变更了原来的人生观，也创建了适合自己的漂亮的生活。故选B项。Ⅲ.语法填空TuanwasafarmerinVietnam.Fordecades,hehadbeenstrugglingtoridhisfamily1.________hunger.However,italwaysconfusedhimhow2.________(expand)theoutputofhiscrops.This3.________(disturb)problemledtohisregrettingbeingafarmer.Hewouldratherhavechosen4.________job.Oneday,whenskimmingthroughanewspaper,TuanreadacommentonYuanLongping.HeunderlinedYuan’snationalityandoccupation,andthen5.________(focus)onhisdiscoveryandthestatisticsofhisresearch.HefoundtheknowledgeYuancirculatedvery6.________(practice).Therefore,hemadeasummaryandbegantobuildupanewfarmingmethod.Heplantedsupergrainofrichnutritionandequipped7.________(he)tokeephiscroprootsfreeofbacteriaandpe