2024年高考英语一轮复习第27讲阅读理解记叙文（核心考点）（原卷版）

第27讲阅读理解记叙文（核心考点精讲精练）1.三年真题记叙文考点细目表时间卷次主题语境字数题型分类2023年新高考I卷人与自然：生态机器净化污水340+1342个细节理解题2个推理判断题新高考=2\*ROMANII卷人与社会：UrbanSprouts花园项目帮助学生通过体验乡村生活。273+1261个细节理解题2个推理判断题1个主旨大意题全国甲卷人与自然：DIY高手TerriBoltonis的技能277+1372个细节理解题1个推理判断题1个词义猜测题全国乙卷人与社会：风景摄影师312+1471个细节理解题3个推理判断题北京卷人与自我：作者职业成功的经历385+1151个细节理解题3个推理判断题浙江卷人与自我：作者如何在家庭中过零浪费的生活方式350+1572个推理判断题1个主旨大意题1个词义猜测题天津卷2022年新高考I卷///新高考=2\*ROMANII卷人与社会：孙子把儿童读物当成平板电脑326+1303个细节理解题1个词义猜测题全国甲卷人与社会：GinniBalinton往南极洲的旅程305+1182个细节理解题1个推理判断题1个词义猜测题全国乙卷///北京卷人与社会：参加保护自然活动治愈好了焦虑348+1243个细节理解题1个推理判断题浙江卷人与自我：工作让作者接受真实世界的多样性人与自我：Merebeth从事的新工作.329+992）352+1101.）1个细节理解题2个推理判断题2）2个推理判断题1个词义猜测题天津卷人与自我：获得自尊就要首先学会接受自己本来的面目410+1872个细节理解题2个推理判断题1个主旨大意题2021年新高考I卷人与自我：钢琴演奏者做翻页师324+1063个细节理解题1个推理判断题新高考=2\*ROMANII卷人与社会：照顾两只老虎幼崽人与社会：奖金帮助别人317+120272+1151）2个细节理解题1个推理判断题1个词义猜测题2）2个细节理解题1个推理判断题1个主旨大意题全国甲卷人与自我：适应伦敦新生活334+1393个推理判断题1个词义猜测题全国乙卷///北京卷人与自我：第一印象不总是可信379+1553个细节理解题1个推理判断题。浙江卷6月卷人与自我：LeslieNielsen的演艺生涯人与自我：拍摄自己的旅行279+116314+1302个细节理解题1个推理判断题；2个细节理解题1个主旨大意题浙江卷1月卷人与社会：走失孩子长大之后找回家人347+1253个细节理解题天津卷（第一次）天津卷（第二次）人与自我：爱写作并制定计划一直坚持下来380+2263个细节理解题2个推理判断题2.命题规律及备考策略【命题规律】纵观近三年高考试卷，通常一套卷有一篇记叙文，个别试卷选用两篇记叙文。所选的记叙文多以第一人称或第三人称为主，讲述一个短小精悍、有教育意义的故事，有时也会选用生活中的轶闻趣事。所讲述的故事题材丰富多样、富有生活气息，多按时间顺序叙述，偶尔也会有倒叙或插叙的情形。从语言与结构特点上看，英语记叙文以描写叙述为主，主要描写人物、事件、地点或过程。其特点是：主题往往隐藏在字里行间，没有直接地表达出来；文章主旨要通过人物、事件来进行提炼；文章大多按时间跨度、空间顺序、上下顺序来展开。阅读记叙文应采取略读和扫读的方法，快速抓住文中描写的主要内容，从整体上把握文章的连贯性，进而大体上揣测出作者的写作意图及文章的情感主线。从命题上看，记叙文阅读理解以细节理解题和推理判断题为主，以观点态度题、写作意图题、词义猜测题和代词指代题为辅，难度总体上属于中等程度。记叙文阅读理解题要求考生能理清记叙的顺序与所讲故事的情节，能准确把握人物的情感态度和作者的写作目的。【备考策略】在做阅读理解题时，首先要通读全文，弄清六要素和记叙的顺序，特别要注意文章中提到的多个时间、地点和人物，理清事件的起因、经过和结果；然后阅读题干，在文章中查找相关的信息；最后根据查找到的相关信息作出正确的选择。如果文中所涉及的人物较多，还要弄清人物之间的关系。一般故事性记叙文，通读全文，了解故事的发生、发展、高潮和结局；寓言哲理类记叙文，要理解故事所蕴含的哲理意义，尤其关注故事结尾的升华；逸闻趣事，人物传记类记叙文，要体会对话的风格，感受故事的精髓。【命题预测】从近三年命题的发展趋势来看，预测2024年高考记叙文阅读理解试题难度会保持相对稳定，但会继续考查细节理解题、推理判断题主旨大意题和词义猜测题等题型。考点一细节理解题细节理解题要求考生对阅读材料中的某一具体事实和细节进行理解。它们大都是根据文章中的具体信息如事实、例证、原因、过程、论述等进行提问的。有些问题可以在文章中直接找到答案，有些则需要我们在理解的基础上将有关内容系统化才能找到，比如计算、排序、是非判断、图形比较等。常见的命题方式通常有：1.特殊疑问句形式。以when,where,what,which,who,howmuch/many等疑问词开头引出的问题；2.以Accordingto…开头提问方式；3.少数试题以填空题的形式，如：（1）Toavoidattractingmountainlions,peopleareadvised________.（2）Bythefirstsentenceofthepassageauthormeansthat________.（3）Itseemsthatnowacountry’seconomydependsmuchon________.（4）Ifyouareinterestedinknowingaboutwhatpeople’slifewillbe,youmayvisit________.（5）Thepolicemenweretold“tolooktheotherway”(theunderlinedpartinParagraph2)sothat________.（6）Thepolicemanwhosaid“Goodevening”toRollswantedto________.eq\a\vs4\al([正确选项特征])1．同义替换。替换关键词，如把loseone'sjob换成了beoutofwork；变换词性，如把important变换成ofimportance；改变语态，如主动语态变成被动语态。2．信息归纳。用精练的语言来概括原文中比较分散或复杂的信息，设置为正确答案。3．正话反说。把原文中的意思反过来表达而成为正确选项。eq\a\vs4\al([干扰选项特征])1．张冠李戴。是原文信息，但不是题目要求的内容。2．无中生有。符合常识，但不是文章的内容。3．曲解文义。与原文极其相似，在细节处有变动。4．颠倒是非。在意思上与原文大相径庭甚至相反。5．正误参半。部分正确，部分错误。一、直接信息题【2023年北京卷】Sittinginthegardenformyfriend’sbirthday.Ifeltabuzz(振动)inmypocket.MyheartracedwhenIsawtheemailsender’sname.Theemailstartedoff:“DearMrGreen,thankyouforyourinterest”and“thereviewprocesstooklongerthanexpected.”Itendedwith“Wearesorrytoinformyou…”andmyvisionblurred(模糊).Theposition—measuringsoilqualityintheSaharaDesertaspartofanundergraduateresearchprogramme—hadfeltliketheanswerIhadspentyearslookingfor.Ihadputsomuchtimeandemotionalenergyintoapplying,andIthoughttherejectionmeanttheendoftheroadformysciencecareer.SoIwasshockedwhen,notlongaftertheemail,ProfessorMaryDevon,whowasrunningtheprogramme,invitedmetoobservetheworkbeingdoneinherlab.Ijumpedatthechance,andafewweekslaterIwasequallyshocked—andoverjoyed—whensheinvitedmetotalkwithheraboutpotentialprojectsIcouldpursueinherlab.Whatsheproposeddidn’tseemasexcitingastheoriginalprojectIhadappliedto,butIwasgoingtogiveitmyall25.AftertalkingwithProfessorDevon,theauthordecidedto________.A.criticisethereviewprocess B.staylongerintheSaharaDesertC.applytotheoriginalprojectagain D.puthisheartandsoulintothelabwork（2023·河南·校联考模拟预测）Asachild,IneverconsideredmyselfanathleteatallasIwasveryuncoordinated(不协调的).However,IdidlovetorunbecauseIfeltasifIwereflying.ButthisallchangedtwoyearsagowhenIsufferedakneeinjury.Iwasbedridden(卧床不起的)fortwoweeksandIhadadifficulttimemovingevenshortdistances.Iliterallycriedmyselfonmywaytothecarforafewdays.Whentherapywasn’tworkingwellforme,Isignedupforahotyogaclassforgirls,BikramYoga,tobeexact.Startingayogapracticewastrulyagodsend(天赐之物)becauseithelpedmegainstrengthinmykneesbut,mostimportantly,yogahelpedmeattainamorepeacefulstateofmind,bodyandspirit.Sinceeachclasswasheatedto105℉,everytimeIsteppedfootintheyogastudio,I’dfeelasurgeofnegativethoughtseuponmelikeabigoceanwave.Someofthesethoughtswere,atthebeginningofmypractice,sostrongthatIwalkedoutoftheclassseveraltimes.However,asthemonthspassedby,InoticedthatwhenIwasn’tdisturbedbymynegativethoughts,Icouldstayinthehotroomforlonger.After34monthsofpracticinghotyoga,Imadesomeprogress.IalsowokeupwithsomuchmoreenergythanIhadbeforestartingmyyogapracticeandIgraduallystartedlosingweightfrommybody.YogaliterallymademefeelasifI’dtakenabottleofenergydrinkandjustgavemetheburstthathelpedmykneehealandmademyoverallhealthbetter.AsIsawsomeofmyclassmatesdoposesthatlookedappealingtome,IstartedtothinkmaybeIcoulddothemtoo.Therefore,yogahelpedshowmethatIhadnoreallimitationsphysicallyunlessIsetthoselimitationsmyselfthrougheatingjunkfoodandthinkinginnegativelimitingterms.Also,practicingyogainfrontofamirrorhelpedmehavemoreconfidenceandpracticingwithagroupofpeoplereallyhelpedmetofeelagreatersenseofconnectionwithhumanity(人道).Overall,thisyogapracticehashelpedmetoseeI’mpartofabiggerpictureinlife!21．Whydidtheauthordecidetoattendayogaclass?A．Herinjurywasn’tsoserious. B．Thetreatmentwasoflittleuse.C．Sheattemptedtohaveacharmingfigure. D．Herparentsaskedhertohaveatrythere.24．Whatinspiredtheauthortothinkshecoulddowellinyoga?A．Shehadpletelyrecoveredfromherkneeinjury.B．Shewashelpedbyhertrainerwithmuchpatience.C．Shewasattractedbyherclassmates’yogaposes.D．Shefullyunderstoodthetheoryofyoga.二、间接信息题1.【2023年全国甲卷B篇片段】Terri,whonowrentsahousewithfriendsinWandsworth,SouthWestLondon,saysDIYalsosavesherfromlosinganydepositwhenatenancy(租期)estoanend.Sheadds:“I’vemovedhousemanytimesandIalwaysliketopersonalisemyroomandputuppictures,so,it’sbeenusefultoknowhowtocoverupholesandrepaintaroomtoavoidanychargeswhenI’vemovedout.”26.HowdidTerriavoidlosingthedepositonthehousesherented?A.Bymakingitlooklikebefore. B.Byfurnishingitherself.C.Bysplittingtherentwitharoommate. D.Bycancellingtherentalagreement.2.(2023·全国乙卷·B片段)OnetimemyfriendsandIdrovethreehourstoDevil’sLake,Wisconsin,toclimbthepurplequartz(石英)rockaroundthelake.Afterwefoundacrazylookingroadthathungoverabunchofrocks,wedecidedtophotographthesceneatsunset.Thepositionenabledustolookoverthelakewiththesunsetinthebackground.Wemanagedtoleavethisspottoclimbhigherbecauseofthesparetimeuntilsunset.However,wedidnotmarktheroute（路线）soweendedupalmostmissingthesunsetentirely.Oncewefoundtheplace,itwasstressfulgeeinglightsandcamerassetupinthelimitedtime.Still,lookingbackonthephotos,theyaresomeofmybestshotsthoughtheycouldhavebeensomuchbetterifIwouldhavebeenpreparedandmanagedmytimewisely.26.WhatcanweinferfromtheauthortripwithfriendstoDevil’sLake?A.Theywentcrazywiththepurplequartzrock.B.Theyfeltstressedwhilewaitingforthesunset.C.Theyreachedtheshootingspotlaterthanexpected.D.Theyhadproblemswiththeirequipment.1.（2023·福建厦门·统考三模）Dressedinashinymetallicsuit,KatiaKrafft’ssmallframeisovershadowedbytheredcurtainofmoltenrockthatburstsfromthegroundbeforeher.Thedramaticmomentwascaptured(捕捉)inaphototakenatopIceland’sKraflavolcanoin1984,duringthefinalbreathingofamultiyearlongeruption.Lookingattheimage,onecanalmostfeelthevolcano’sheat,hearitsroar,andsenseKrafft’sheartpoundingasthevolcanologistdoeswhatshelovesmost:bearingwitnesstoourplanet’sstronganger.KatiaKrafftwasafearlesspioneerinvolcanology,studyingtheexplosivepeaksatatimewhentherewerefewwomeninthefield.ShewasbornintheRhinevalleyofnortheastFrancein1942,curingtheheightofWorldWarII.ThechaotichumanworlddrovebothKatiaandherhusband,MauriceKrafft,alsoavolcanologist,toseekfortinnature.Themomentavolcanoexploded,theydroppedeverythingtoanalyzeandcapturethebeautyandmysteryofeachevent.TheKrafftsusedtheirvideosofexplosiveeruptionstoexplaintheplexrisksanduncertaintiesofthesedisasters.Itchangedtheabilitytomunicatevolcanoscience.TheirvideosarecreditedasoneoftheprimaryreasonsthatofficialsinthePhilippinestookthewarningsignsofMountPinatubo’seruptionin1991seriously.YettheKraffsdidn’tlivetoseethateruption.ThecouplediedlessthantwoweeksearlierinJapanduringamonstrouseruption,whichclaimed41otherlives.Katia’simpactonvolcanologyhasreachedfarbeyondherdeathandhasencouragedmanyyoungwomentostudyourrestlessplanet.“KatiaKrafftisdefinitelythereasonwhyI’mdoingthisjob,”saysCarlaTiraboschi,apostdoctoralresearcherattheUniversityofMinster,Germany.TiraboschifirstsawKatiainadocumentarywhenshewasjustsixorsevenyearsoldandhasbeencrazyaboutvolcanoeseversince.Shenowstudiestheprocessesatworkdeepbelowthevolcanicpeaks.2．Whatcanweknowaboutthevideosofexplosiveeruptions?A．Theypreventedanaturaldisaster. B．TheyservedasawarninginJapan.C．Theyhelpedspreadvolcanoscience. D．TheycoveredMountPinatubo’seruption.3．HowdidKatiainfluenceCarlaTiraboschi?A．Katia’sdeathmadeherrestless. B．Katiahelpedherwithherresearch.C．Katia’sdeedsinspiredhercareerchoice. D．Katiataughthertomakeadocumentary.2.（2023·陕西宝鸡·统考二模）WhenIwasyounger,Ihadbeenatopstudentwithastrongdesiretoattendatopuniversity.Butthingsstartedtogodownhillformeinhighschoolaftermyparentsdivorced.Tornbetweenwantingtobewithmymother,whomovedtoCanadaalonewithnosupport,andwithmybelovedaginggrandfatherinPakistan,Imovedbackandforth,strugglingwithmystudies.Ibarelygraduatedfromhighschoolandenteredanordinarycollege,feelingthatIhadalreadyfailed.Igotdiscouraged,andbegantosufferfromseveredepression.Thedeathofmygrandfatherwasthefinalstraw.Withnorealhopeforthefuture,IdroppedoutandreturnedtomymotherandsistersinCanada.ThenIwasridingwithatruckingpanytohelpsupportmymotherandsisters.Duringthoselonghoursontheroad,mygrandfather’slastwordscamebacktome:“Pleaseacceptthechallengesoflifeandworkharder.Itisnowornever.Ihopeyouwillneverdisappointus.”Withhiswordsringinginmyears,Idiscoveredanewfoundresolve.Mypathsuddenlybecameclear:IhadtofinishwhatIhadstartedandgobacktoschool.Togetbackontrack,Ineededtotakeafullcourseloadwhilecontinuingtoworkenoughparttimehourstohelppaythebills.Aftergraduatingfromhighschoolagain,Ibeganuniversityengineeringcooperationprogram,inwhichIworkedasapaidintern(实习生)everyotherterm,allowingmetokeepmystudentloansincheck.Atthesametime,Itriedmybesttofocusonmystudies.Afterpletingmyuniversity,Iwentontoamaster’sandnowaPhD,winingseveralresearchawardsalongtheway.Mypathtothispointhasmadeonethingclear:Neverfearfailure.IhopeIhavemademygrandfatherproud.5．Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribetheauthor’slifeinhisfirsthighschool?A．Struggling. B．Ordinary. C．Fruitful. D．Boring.6．Whydidtheauthordropoutofcollege?A．Hehadabigfamilytosupport. B．Hehadtogetawellpaidjob.C．Hefelthopelessaboutthefuture. D．Hefoughtwithhisclassmate.7．Howdidtheauthorgettheideaofreturningtoschool?A．Hewaslaughedatbyhismotherandsisters. B．Hewasencouragedtowinresearchawards.C．Hewasmotivatedbyhisgrandfatherswords. D．Hewasforcedtoacquiremoreskillsatwork.考点二主旨大意题题型概述主旨大意题即考查细节理解能力,又考查深层次的推理、概括能力,难度较大。不仅考查考生略读文章、领会大意的能力，也对考生的归纳、概括能力提出了较高的要求。文章中没有明显的解题依据，需要考生从文章中提炼、抽取一些关键词、主干句进行加工概括，才能归纳出文章的主旨。命题方式：Whatisthetextmainlyabout?Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?What'sthefirst/second/thirdparagraphmainlyabout?What'sthemainideadiscussedinthefirst/second/..paragraph?怎样理解段落及文章整体的主旨大意——主题句定位法文章是由段落组成的。段落是发展一个主题的一群句子，段落围绕着中心思想展开，而段落的中心思想又是为文章整体的中心思想服务的。寻找具体段落的中心思想的方法是：通过分析篇章结构，找出每小段的主题句，通过主题句找出文章的主题。找准文章的主题句是确定文章主旨大意的关键。主题是文章要表达的中心思想，文章的主题句通常都有一个话题，它是文章的核心。“主题句定位法”是一种行之有效的方法。但是由于文章的不同，表现的手法也各有不同，主题句出现的位置也不是一成不变的。在许多情况下，尤其在阅读说明文和议论文时，根据其篇章特点我们可以通过寻找短文的主题句来归纳出文章的主题。主题句在文章中的位置通常有三种情况：开头、中间、结尾（含在开头结尾同时出现、首尾呼应的主题句）。因此，仔细阅读这类文章或段落的首尾句是关键。做主旨大意类试题多采用浏览法(skimming)，浏览时，一般不需逐句细读，只选读文章的首段、尾段，或每段的首句和尾句，重点搜索主题线索和主题信息。文章主题常常可以通过文章的写作方法来体现，有以下五种情况：1.中心主题句出现在文首开门见山，提出主题，随之用细节来解释、支撑或发展主题句所表达的主题思想。这是英语中最常见的演绎法写作方式，即由一般到特殊，先提出观点，后举例论证，主题句则出现在段首的写作方法。新闻报道通常就采用这种写法。新闻报道的首句通常称为“新闻导语”，“导语”实际上就是主题句，是对全文内容的高度概括。大意题、标题一般可在第一句话找到答题依据。一、段落大意题【2023年全国乙卷D片段】Ifyouwanttotellthehistoryofthewholeworld,ahistorythatdoesnotprivilegeonepartofhumanity,youcannotdoitthroughtextsalone,becauseonlysomeoftheworldhaseverhadtexts,whilemostoftheworld,formostofthetime,hasnot.Writingisoneofhumanity’slaterachievements,anduntilfairlyrecentlyevenmanyliterate(有文字的)societiesrecordedtheirconcernsnotonlyinwritingbutinthings.32.Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?A.Howpasteventsshouldbepresented. B.Whathumanityisconcernedabout.C.Whetherfactsspeaklouderthanwords. D.Whywrittenlanguageisreliable.1.（2023·安徽安庆·安庆一中校考三模）SagarikaSriramwas10yearsoldwhenshestartedreadingnewspaperstoriesaboutaplanetintrouble,oneofwhichwasaboutturtleswithplasticintheirstomachs.Sagarikaknewsheneededtodosomething.First,shejoinedagroupwhichorganizedcleanupcampaignsinherhomecity,Dubai“ThegrouphelpedmeunderstandwhatanindividualcandoandhowIcanreallymakeadifference,”shesays.ThenSagarikacreatedKidsforaBetterWorld.It’sadigitalplatformwhichhasbroughttogethernearly10,000youthsfromallovertheworldwiththegoaltocreateagreenerworld.Sagarikaisnow16.She’spartofagrowingnumberofyoungclimateactivists.“We’rethegenerationthatisgoingtofacetheresultsiftheclimatecrisisisnotdealtwith,”shesays.Shebelievesevenindividualactionscancreatea“rippleeffect”.Sagarikasaysthiscanbuildmomentumandcanmovethingsintherightdirection.KidsforaBetterWorldisforpeopleaged8to16.Itteachesthemaboutwhattheycandotoreverseclimatechange.Theycangrowfood,planttrees,collectrecyclablesandavoidusingplasticbags.“Thisistheinformationwhichcanhelpchangeourfuture,”Sagarikasays.Dubaiisadesertmetropolis.GrowinguptherehasmadeSagarikaveryawareoftheneedforaction.Hercityfacestheriskofrisingtemperaturesanditswatersupplyisshrinking.Shebelievesyoungpeoplecanbringattentiontotheseenvironmentalchallenges.Sagarikaisallaboutsmallactions,butshehasbigplans.She’dliketogotocollegeinCalifornia.Whileshe’sthere,she’llcontinuebeinganactivist.She’llalsoberunningKidsforaBetterWorld.Shehopestoinspireotherstofightforagreenerplanet.Othershaveinspiredher.“We’recreatingourownsystemofinspirationalchangemakers,”shesays.19．Whatdoesthefourthparagraphmainlytellus?A．Whatcanhelpchangeourfuture. B．Whatpeopleshoulddoatpresent.C．WhatKidsforaBetterWorlddoes. D．Whatcoursesaretaughtontheplatform.2.（2023春·黑龙江哈尔滨·高三哈九中校考期中）Whensheworkedinbanking,IriniTzortzoglou’sideaofcookingwastopickupareadymealfromMarks&Spenceronherwayhome,andputitintheoven(烤箱).Butnow,sincewinningtheBBCcookingpetitionMasterChefattheageof60,withmenusinspiredbyherGreekheritage(遗产),foodhasbeeherlifeandnewcareer.Shehadnotbeenoverlyinterestedincooking,thoughasachild,foodwasanimportantpartofherlife.Tzortzoglou,64,wasborninGreece,wherehergrandparents’housewasalwaysopen,andhergrandmotherwouldoftenbecookingfordozensofpeople.Tzortzoglouwouldhelpout:“Ilovedthesmells.Ilovedtheprocesses.”Tzortzogloufeltveryboredafterretiring.Thenonedayherhusbandsaid,“Whydon’tyoutryMasterChefbecauseyoualwayslovewatchingit.”Shewasareasonablygoodcook,wholovedentertainingandcouldputtogetheradecentdinnerpartymenubutpetingontheshowdemandedawholenewskilllevel.“Ididn’twanttoembarrassmyselfbyleavinginroundone,soItrainedmyselfforayear,”shesaid.Sheputintime,effortandmoney.ShewenttoAthenstoseewhatwashappeningwithGreekfoodtoday.SheateatMichelinstarrestaurantstoseewhatGreekMasterChefandtheyoungchefsweredoing.Andthenshestartedpracticing.Shealsostartedphysicaltrainingbecauseshecouldseehowtoughitwastorunaroundthekitchenwhilefilming,orstandforhours.Sinceherwin,Tzortzoglouhasbeeimmersedin(沉浸于)Greekfood,andhaswrittenacookerybook,UndertheOliveTree.“Idon’thavefreetime,butIloveit,”shesaid.“Ifeellikeachildletlooseinasweetshop.”35．WhatisParagraph5mainlyabout?A．Tzortzoglou’sloveforGreekfood. B．Tzortzoglou’sefforttowinthepetition.C．Tzortzoglou’sdesiretogobacktoAthens. D．Tzortzoglou’sperformanceatthepetition.二、文章大意题【2022年全国甲卷·B片段】Eversinceherchildhood,Ginni,now71,hashadadeeplovefortravel.Throughouthercareer(职业)asaprofessionaldancer,shetouredintheUK,butalwayslongedtoexplorefurtherWhensheretiredfromdancingandhersonseventuallyflewthenest,shedecideditwastimetotaketheplunge.AftertakingadegreeatChichesterUniversityinRelatedArts,Ginnibegantotraveltheworld,eventuallygettingworkteachingEnglishinJapanandChile.AnditwasinChileshediscoveredshecouldgetlastminutecheapdealsonshipsgoingtoAntarcticafromtheislandsoffTierradelFuego,thesouthernmosttipoftheSouthAmericanmainland.“Ijustdecidedwantedtogo,”shesays.“IhadnoideaaboutwhatI’dfindthereandIwasn’tnervous,Ijustwantedtodoit.AndIwantedtodoitaloneasIalwayspreferitthatway.”InMarch2008,Ginniboardedashipwith48passengersshe’dnevermetbefore,tobeginthejourneytowardsAntarctica.“Fromseeingthewildlifetowitnessingsunrises,thewholeexperiencewasamazing.Antarcticaleftanimpressiononmethatnootherplacehas,”Ginnisays.“IrememberthefirsttimeIsawahumpbackwhale;itjustroseoutofthewaterlikesomeprehistoriccreatureandIthoughtitwassmilingatus.Youcouldstillheartheoperaticsoundsitwasmakingunderwater.”Therealizationthatthisisapreciousland,toberespectedbyhumans,wasoneofthebiggestthingsthathithometoGinni.31.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Achildhooddream. B.Anunforgettableexperience.C.Sailingaroundtheworld. D.MeetinganimalsinAntarctica.1.（2023·湖南衡阳·衡阳市八中校考模拟预测）BeforearrivinginChina,IhadreadlotsofbooksaboutChina.Therefore,whenIarrived,Iwasexcitedtobelivinginthishugehistoricallyandculturallyrichcountry.ItwassogreatlydifferentfromtheUK.Thefood,thelandmarks,thebigcitiesandeverydaylife—Icouldn’twaittoexplore.However,learningChinesehadn’tevenenteredmymind,notbecauseIwaslazy,butbecauseIhadnoconfidencetolearnthemostdifficultlanguageintheworld.Besidesthis,onceImovedtoChina,IlivedinShanghai.Itisaninternationalcity,withmanypeoplespeakingEnglishasasecondlanguage.SoIthoughtEnglishwouldbesufficient.ButafterayearinChinaIfoundmanyexpats(侨民)spokeChinese.Perhapsitwasachievableafterall?IfeltunfortablebecausesomanyChinesepeoplecouldspeakEnglishwhileIcouldn’tevenspeakthemostbasicChinese.Tofacethechallenge,IdecidedtobeginmylanguagejourneyandmyonlyregretisthatIdidn’tstartearlier.InthetwoyearssincestartingtolearnIhavemadegreatprogress.Now,IamabletotalkinChineseonmanytopics.LearningtospeakChineseisn’tasdifficultasIonceexpected.WhenIspeaktoChinesepeopleinChinese,theyalmostalwaysunderstandme.ThemostchallengingthingislisteningsinceChinesepeopletalkatsuchaspeed.Ican’talwaysunderstandwhat’sbeensaid,butmyweeklyonlinelanguageexchangeshelpwiththis.LearningChinesehastakenalotofhardwork.ButthereisstillalongwaytogobeforeIreachmygoaloffluency(流利).LearningChinesenotonlyhelpsmeindaytodaylife,butdeepensmyculturalunderstandingofsuchagreatcountry.So,toallmynonChinesefriendsIsaythis,don’tbeafraid,facethechallengeandbeconfident.9．WhatdidthewriterdoafterarrivinginChina?A．ReadalotofbooksaboutChina. B．Couldn’twaittostudyChinese.C．TriedtolearnmoreaboutChina. D．MissedhislifeinhishomeofUK.10．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“sufficient”probablymean?A．Enough. B．Important. C．Necessary. D．Possible.11．Whydoesthewriterthinklisteningisthemostchallenging?A．Hehasahearingproblem.B．Chinesepeoplespeaktoofast.C．Chineseisthemostdifficultlanguage.D．Hedoesn’tknowmuchaboutmanytopics.12．Whichisthemainideaofthetext?A．Anewopinioninlearning.B．ExploringthejoyoflearningChinese.C．Thewriter’sjourneyoflearningChinese.D．Thevalueoflearninganewlanguage.2.（2023·河北衡水·衡水市第二中学校考三模）OnNovember11,awomanfromtheUnitedKingdomsetouttoexploreAntarctica,inanattempttobeethefirstfemaleexplorertocrossthecontinentaloneandunsupported.PreetChandiaimstocovermorethan1,100milesinajourneythatwilllikelytake70to75days.Pullingallhersuppliesonasled(雪橇)calledapulk,whichweighedmorethan250poundsatthestartofherjourney,the33yearoldwillbattletemperaturesofminus58degreesFahrenheitandwindspeedsupto60milesperhour.Chandi—alsocalled“PolarPreet”—setarecordlastyearasthefirstwomanofcolortopleteanunsupportedexpedition(探险)totheSouthPole.Shefinishedthejourneyin40days—justtwodayslongerthanJoannaDavidsonofSweden,whoholdsthefemaleworldrecord.“AlotofpeopletellmeIdon’tlooklikeapolarexplorer,”ChanditoldBBCNews’SandishShokerlastyearbeforethetrek.“It’sconsideredoutofthenormforanAsianwomantodothis—it’sdifferent.Andthat’spartofthereasonwhyIwantedtodothis—forpeoplewhodon’tfitacertainimage.”ChandigrewupinanIndianSikhmunityinEnglandandjoinedtheArmyReserveatage19.In2012,shegraduatedfromcollege,beingthefirstinherfamilytoearnadegree.Afterrunningherfirsthalfmarathonat20yearsold,Chandi’sappetiteforgreaterchallengesstartedtogrow.Shehasbeenonhikingandclimbingtripsacrosstheworld,includinginKenya,Morocco,Mexico,Peru,IcelandandNepal.Earlierthisyear,shepletedtheMarathondesSables,aweeklong,156mileultramarathonintheSaharaDesert.ShecurrentlyservesintheBritishArmy,organizingtrainingforinjuredsoldiers.“Weareextremelyproudtohavesucharemarkableambassador,“theGeneralStaffSharonNesmithsays.”CaptainChandihasthequalitiesweseekofallwhoserve—courage,mitmentandthedesiretobethebestwecanbe.”16．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．Settingaworldrecord. B．Challengingoneself.C．Travellingaroundtheworld. D．Seekingasuitableambassador.三、标题归纳题【2023年新高考全国Ⅱ卷B片段】Turningsoil,pullingweeds,andharvestingcabbagesoundliketoughworkformiddleandhighschoolkids.Andatfirstitis,saysAbbyJaramillo,whowithanotherteacherstartedUrbanSprouts,aschoolgardenprogramatfourlowineschools.Theprogramaimstohelpstudentsdevelopscienceskills,environmentalawareness,andhealthylifestyles.Jaramillo’sstudentsliveinneighborhoodswherefreshfoodandgreenspacearenoteasytofindandfastfoodrestaurantsoutnumbergrocerystores.“Thekidsliterallyetoschoolwithbagsofsnacksandlargebottlesofsoftdrinks,”shesays.“Theyetousthinkingvegetablesareawful,dirtisawful,insectsareawful.”Thoughsomeareinitiallyscaredoftheinsectsandturnedoffbythedirt,mostareeagertotrysomethingnew.UrbanSprouts’classes,attwomiddleschoolsandtwohighschools,includehandsonexperimentssuchassoiltesting,flowerandseeddissection,tastingsoffreshordriedproduce,andworkinthegarden.Severaltimesayear,studentscookthevegetablestheygrow,andtheyoccasionallymakesaladsfortheirentireschools.Programevaluationsshowthatkidseatmorevegetablesasaresultoftheclasses.“Wehavestudentswhosaytheywenthomeandtalkedtotheirparentsandnowthey’reeatingdifferently,”Jaramillosays.Sheaddsthattheprogram’sbenefitsgobeyondnutrition.Somestudentsgetsointerestedingardeningthattheybringhomeseedstostarttheirownvegetablegardens.Besides,workinginthegardenseemstohaveacalmingeffectonJaramillo’sspecialeducationstudents,manyofwhomhaveemotionalcontrolissues.“Theygetoutside,”shesays,“andtheyfeelsuccessful.”7.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.RescuingSchoolGardens B.ExperiencingCountryLifeC.GrowingVegetableLovers D.ChangingLocalLandscape1.（2023·湖南长沙·长沙一中校考二模）It’seighto’clockonChristmasmorning,andUncleTomsayshewantstolistentothenews.Iamwonderingwhyonearthgrownupswouldbeinterestedinthenewswhenthereareimportantthingstobedone,suchashandingoutpresents.Andthen,whileIamonlyhalflisteningtotheradiobroadcast,somethingsurpris