2024年高考英语微专题练习21语法填空+阅读理解含解析

PAGEPAGE8练习21语法填空＋阅读理解Ⅰ.语法填空2024·全国甲卷记叙文188词★★☆☆☆Avisually­challengedmanfromBeijingrecentlyhiked(徒步)40daystoXi'an,asafirststep1.________(journey)theBeltandRoadroute(路途)byfoot.Onthe1，100­kilometerjourney,themanCaoShengkang,2.________losthiseyesightattheageofeightinacaraccident,crossed40citiesandcountiesinthreeprovinces.InspiredbytheBeltandRoadForumforInternationalCooperation3.________(hold)inBeijing,Caodecidedtocovertheroutebyhikingasatribute(致敬)totheancientSilkRoad.4.________friendofhis,WuFan,volunteeredtobehiscompanionduringthetrip.CaoandWualsocollectedgarbagealongtheroad,inordertopromoteenvironmental5.________(protect).Caobelievesthiswillmakethehikingtripevenmore6.________(meaning).Thetwoofthemcollectedmorethan1，000plasticbottlesalongthe40­dayjourney.Inthelastfiveyears,Cao7.________(walk)through34countriesinsixcontinents,andin2016,hereachedthetopofKilimanjaro,Africa's8.________(high)mountain.Now,CaohasstartedthesecondpartofhisdreamtowalkalongtheBeltandRoadroute.Heflew4，700kilometers9.________Xi'antoKashgaronSept.20,10.________(plan)tohikebacktoXi'aninfivemonths.Ⅱ.阅读理解A2024·开封定位考试说明文259词★★☆☆☆Pinocchiomaybejustacharacterinachildren'sfairytale,butSpanishscientistsattheUniversityofGranadarecentlyinvestigatedtheso－called“Pinocchioeffect”andfoundthatournosesdon'tgrowwhenwetellalie,butactuallyshrinkabit.DrGómezMilánandhisteamdevelopedaliedetectortestthatusedthermography(温度记录法)totellifpeoplewerelying,andfoundthatwheneverparticipantsintheirresearchwerebeinguntruthful,thetemperatureofthetipoftheirnosedroppedupto1.2℃，whilethetemperatureoftheirforeheadincreasedupto1.5℃.Scientistsalsofoundthatthetemperaturedropactuallycausedthenosetoslightlyshrink,althoughthedifferenceisundetectedbythehumaneye.“Onehastothinkinordertolie,whichraisesthetemperatureoftheforehead，”DrGómezMilánexplainedthefindings.“Atthesametimewefeelanxious,whichlowersthetemperatureofthenose.”Forthisstudy,researchersasked60studentstoperformvarioustaskswhiletheirtemperatureisscannedbythermalimaging(热成像)technology.Oneofthesetasksinvolvedmakinga3－to4－minutecalltotheirparentsorafriendandtellingasignificantlie.Participantshadtomakeuptheliethemselvesduringthecall.Interestingly,thethermalliedetectorpickedupthetemperaturedifferencein80percentofthetestsubjects,whichisabetterrateofsuccessthanthatofanymodernliedetector.“Withthismethodwehaveachievedtheincreaseofaccuracy，”saidDrGómezMilán,whoaddedthatlawenforcementagenciescouldonedaycombineotherliedetectiontechnologieswiththermalimagingtoachievebetterresults.1．WhydoesthewritertalkaboutPinocchiointhefirstparagraph?A．Totellafairytale.B．Togiveanexample.C．Totalkaboutascientist.D．Tointroducethetopic.2．Whatisthe“Pinocchioeffect”？A．Ournoseswillgrowwhenwetellalie.B．Ournoseswillshrinkwhenwetellalie.C．Thetemperatureoftheforeheadfallsifwelie.D.Thetemperatureofthenoserisesforanxiety.3．HowdidDrGómezMilánfeelabouttheliedetector?A.Doubtful.B．Surprised.C．Confident.D．Puzzled.4．Whatlessondowelearnfromthetext?A．Aliewilltravelveryhard.B．Therearemanywaystobringaliartolight.C．Alieneverlivestobeold.D．Oncealiar,alwaysaliar.B2024·吕梁联考记叙文337词★★☆☆☆ElizabethBishop,whowasfamousforthepoetryAProdigal,FillingStation,Sandpiper,Manuelzinhoandsoon,wasaninfluentialAmericanpoetofthe20thcentury.Herpoetryoftenshowsthingsthatconcernedherthroughoutherlife,suchashersearchforasenseofhome.Hertroubledchildhoodandfeelingoflonelinessfromthistimeaffectedhercharacterandpoetry.Bishop'spainfulchildhoodisapparentinsomeofherpoems.Herfatherdiedwhenshewaseightmonthsoldandhermotherwasmadwhenshewasfive.Bishopwasraisedfirstlybyhermother'sparentsandthenbyherfather'sparents.Thisexperienceleftherconfusedaboutbelonging.Shehadnohomeandthiswasshowninherpoetry.InAProdigal,whenthecharacterinthepoemmakesuphismindtogohome,thereisasenseofpessimismforBishopwhohasnohome.Thelackofasenseofhomehascontributedtoherdepressionallherlife.Bishopattemptstomakesmall,everydayexperiencesextraordinaryinherpoemssuchasFillingStation.InFillingStation,Bishopdescribesthebeautyofafamilyfillingstation.Althoughitis“dirty”，thereisorderinit.Simplefamilylifeiscelebratedinit.Sherecognizesthevalueofhomeandbeautyineverydaylife,butsheisonlyanobserverofthese.Distanceremainsbetweenherandthefamilyatthefillingstation.Bishop'sstruggletolocateherselfintheworldisseennomoreclearlythaninSandpiper.Itdealswithsearchingforsomethinginaconfusingworld.Sheusesthemetaphor(暗喻)ofthebirdwhichis“lookingforsomething”.The“something”isn'tspecific.Itseemsasifthebirddoesn'tknowwhathewants;theonlycertainthingisthatheissearching.Bishop'spoemsarepersonalonamoresubtle(奇妙的)level,especiallywhenherchildhood,travelsetc.aretakenintoconsideration.ItisbelievedthatBishopisacomplexpoetwhousesherpoetrytofindthefeelingofbelonging.5．WhatdoweknowaboutElizabethBishop'schildhood?A.Shewasbornpoor.B．Shelivedanunhappylife.C．Hergrandparentstreatedherbadly.D．Herparentsdidn'tloveher.6．WhichofBishop'spoemsshowsherloveforsimplefamilylife?A．Sandpiper.B．ManueIzinho.C．FillingStation.D．AProdigal.7．WhenreadingBishop'spoems,peoplecanfindhersearchfor________．A．thetruenatureofhumanbeingsB．ahappyfamilylifeC．parentalloveD．thefeelingofbelonging8．WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeBishop?A．Giftedbutpessimistic.B．Cleverandstrong.C．Unfortunatebutkind.D．Creativeanddetermined.黄金考点短文改错——代词考点40单复数逻辑错误考例Theywouldsaytousthatplayingcardgameswouldhelpmybrain.StillIwasunwillingtoplaythegamewiththemsometimes.点拨依据句意和后边的关键词my和I可知，表示“我”，应把us改成me。考点41物主代词的误用考例Ihaddonemyselfhomework,butIwasshy.点拨修饰名词homework作定语，应用物主代词my来修饰名词。考点42“he”“she”不清考例Butheinsistsonuseatinghealthyfood.点拨由语境可知，是母亲关切家里的每个人的健康，坚持要我们吃健康的食物。故应把he改成she。练习21语法填空＋阅读理解Ⅰ.语法填空【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲解并描述的是一个失明的北京男子曹盛康徒步旅行一带一路并沿途做环保工作的经验。1．答案与解析：tojourney考查非谓语动词。句意：近日，一名来自北京的盲人徒步40天来到西安，作为“一带一路”徒步旅行的第一步。分析句子结合句意可知，journey为动词，表示“旅行”，step前面有序数词，应用不定式，作后置定语。故填tojourney。2．答案与解析：who考查定语从句。句意：在1100公里的旅程中，8岁时因一次车祸失明的男子曹盛康穿过了三个省的40个城市和县。分析句子结合句意可知，此处是非限定性定语从句，先行词为CaoShengkang，指人，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who引导。故填who。3．答案与解析：held考查非谓语动词。句意：受到在北京实行的“一带一路”国际合作高峰论坛的启发，曹确定徒步穿越这条路途，以向古代丝绸之路致敬。分析句子可知，本句已有谓语动词decided，所以hold应用非谓语动词形式，hold与cooperation之间为逻辑动宾关系，应用过去分词，作后置定语，表被动。故填held。4．答案与解析：A考查冠词。句意：他的一位挚友吴凡在旅行中自愿成为他的同伴。依据句意可知，此处泛指“他的一个挚友”，应用不定冠词，friend以辅音音素开头，应用a，空处位于句首，首字母大写。故填A。5．答案与解析：protection考查名词。句意：曹和吴还沿路收集垃圾，以促进环境爱护。依据句意和空前的形容词environmental可知，此处应用名词protection，作宾语，protection表示“爱护”时，是不行数名词。故填protection。6．答案与解析：meaningful考查形容词。句意：曹认为这将使这次徒步旅行更加有意义。此处是make复合结构，应用形容词meaningful，作宾语补足语。故填meaningful。7．答案与解析：haswalked考查动词时态。句意：在过去的五年中，曹穿越了六大洲的34个国家，2016年，他到达了乞力马扎罗山顶，这是非洲最高的山峰。依据时间状语inthelastfiveyears可知，此处应用现在完成时，主语Cao为第三人称单数，助动词用has。故填haswalked。8．答案与解析：highest考查形容词最高级。句意：在过去的五年中，曹穿越了六大洲的34个国家，2016年，他到达了乞力马扎罗山顶，这是非洲最高的山峰。依据空前Africa's可知，此处表示乞力马扎罗山是非洲最高的山脉，应用形容词最高级。故填highest。9．答案与解析：from考查介词。句意：9月20日，他从4700公里外的西安飞到了喀什，安排在五个月内徒步回到西安。依据句意和Xi'antoKashgar可知，此处表示“从西安飞往喀什”，应用介词from，固定搭配from...to...表示“从……到……”。故填from。10．答案与解析：planning考查非谓语动词。句意：9月20日，他从4700公里外的西安飞到了喀什，安排在五个月内徒步回到西安。分析句子可知，已有谓语动词flew，所以动词plan(安排)应用非谓语动词形式，plan与主语He之间为逻辑主谓关系，应用现在分词，表主动。故填planning。Ⅱ.阅读理解A1．答案与解析：D由文章开头内容可推知，作者在第一段谈到匹诺曹是为了引出本文的话题。2．答案与解析：A依据第一段中的“...butSpanishscientistsattheUniversityofGranadarecentlyinvestigatedtheso－called‘Pinocchioeffect’andfoundthatournosesdon'tgrowwh