2025版高考英语一轮总复习必修第二册Unit2WildlifeProtection提能训练

Unit2WildlifeProtectionⅠ.阅读理解A(2024·日照市校际联合考试)EveryyearfromMaytoJuly,tensofthousandsofTibetanantelopesfromregionsinQinghai,theTibetautonomousregion,andtheXinjiangautonomousregionmaketheirwaytotheHohXilNatureReserveinQinghaitogivebirth.ThemothersandnewbornTibetanantelopesmakethereturntriparoundAugust.Thisjourneyisrathertough.Morethan90percentofthefemaleanimalsgivebirtheveryyear,butonlyabout30percentofthenewbornssurvive.Manyofthemdieonthereturnjourney,unabletowithstandthepredators(捕食性动物)anddiseases.Thegovernmenthasadoptedsomehigh-techmethodstoassistinthesafereturnofnewbornantelopesandprotectthespecies.In2013,withthehelpoftheBeidouNavigationSatelliteSystem,researchersdiscoveredandconfirmedthelargestTibetanantelope“birthroom”ontheQinghai-TibetPlateau,andtheymappedthemigrationroutesofTibetanantelopes.Sincelate2024,asolar-powereddronehasbeenusedtomonitorthemigrationherds.“Thesolar-powereddronehasalongflyingtimewithhigh-resolutioncameras,whichgivesusanewunderstandingofmanyspecificroutesduringthemigrationofTibetanantelopes，”saidWuXiaomin,anexpertfromtheShaanxiInstituteofZoology.“Forexample,thenomads(游牧民)putfencesonthegrasslandtoprotectthegrass,butsometimesthesehinderthenormalactivityoftheTibetanantelopes.”ToclearthewayfortheTibetanantelopes,thegovernmentofTibethastakenactioninrecentyearstogivemoreprotectedspacetowildlife.Theyrelocatenomadsfromplacesataltitudesabove4,800meterstootherplacesintheregion.Knownas“plateauelves”，TibetanantelopeshaveadaptedtotheuniqueandseverenaturalconditionsoftheQinghai-TibetPlateau.AccordingtoWu,theTibetanantelopeisrecognizedasanimportantindicatorspeciesofthenaturalecosystem.ThepopulationofTibetanantelopeshasgrown.“Witharecordedlowpopulationoffewerthan20,000inQinghai,thenumberhasnowreachedover70,000，”saidformerQinghaigovernorXinChangxingataneventtomarkWorldEnvironmentDay.语篇导读：藏羚羊是自然生态系统的重要指示物种，为了疼惜藏羚羊，西藏自治区人民政府近些年来实施疼惜行动，为这些动物供应了更多疼惜空间。1．WhatcanwelearnaboutTibetanantelopes？DA．TheytraveltoHohXiltofindpartners.B．Only30percentofthemgivebirtheveryyear.C．TheiryearlytriptotheHohXilNatureReservetakesaboutonemonth.D．Thenewbornsarethreatenedbydiseasesandpredators.解析：微小环节理解题。依据其次段的“Morethan90...predators(捕食性动物)anddiseases.”可知，每年超过90%的雌性藏羚羊会生产，而仅有30%的新生藏羚羊能存活下来，在返回的途中，许多新生藏羚羊因为无法抗拒掠食者和疾病而死亡，即新生藏羚羊会受到掠食者和疾病的威逼。故选D。2．Whatisthesolar-powereddronemainlyusedfor？CA．LocatingtheTibetanantelope“birthroom”．B．RecordingTibetanantelopes'dailyactivities.C．WatchingoverthemigratingTibetanantelopes.D．MappingthemigrationroutesofTibetanantelopes.解析：微小环节理解题。依据第三段的“Sincelate2024...ShaanxiInstituteofZoology.”可知，自2024年底以来，一架太阳能无人机已被用于监测迁徙的藏羚羊群。陕西省动物探讨所专家吴晓民说：“这种太阳能无人机配备辨别率高的摄像头，飞行时间长，这让我们对藏羚羊迁徙过程中的许多具体路途有了新的了解。”由此可知，太阳能无人机主要用于监测迁徙的藏羚羊群。故选C。3．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“hinder”inParagraph3probablymean？BA．Payattentionto. B．Causetroublefor.C．Takecontrolof. D．Playanimportantrolein.解析：词义揣测题。依据第三段画线词前举的例子“Forexample,thenomads(游牧民)．..protectthegrass”可知，游牧民在草原上设置栅栏来疼惜草地。再依据第四段的“Toclearthetectedspacetowildlife.”可知，为了给藏羚羊扫清道路，西藏自治区人民政府近年来实行行动，给野生动物更多疼惜空间。由此可知，游牧民设置的疼惜草地的栅栏成了藏羚羊正常活动的障碍，所以该政府实行行动来给藏羚羊扫清障碍。故画线词指“阻碍，阻碍”。故选B。4．HowdoesthegovernmentprotectTibetanantelopes？AA．Byexpandingtheareaofreserve.B．Bydrivingawaytheirpredators.C．Byencouragingnomadstoprotectthem.D．Byrelocatingthemtoaprotectedplace.解析：微小环节理解题。依据第四段的内容可知，为了给藏羚羊扫清道路，西藏自治区人民政府近年来实行行动，给野生动物更多疼惜空间。他们将游牧民从海拔4800米以上的地方迁移到该地区的其他地方。由此可知，为了疼惜藏羚羊，该政府为藏羚羊供应了更多疼惜空间，即扩大了疼惜区的范围。故选A。B(2024·山东省潍坊市一模)Beingtakenofftheendangeredspecieslistdoesn'tguaranteeacarefreefutureforwhales.RecentresearchestimatesthatthepopulationofPacificgraywhalesoffNorthAmerica'sWesthasdwindledbyalmostaquartersince2016.Startingin2024,alarmingnumbersofthedeadwerespottedonbeachesandfloatingoffshorethroughouttheirhabitat,fromMexicotoAlaska.TheNationalMarineFisheriesServicedefineditasan“UnusualMortalityEvent”(UME)．UMEsaredeclaredwhena“significantdie-off”occursandwheninformationiscollectedtoclarifywhyitoccurs.TheArctichashistoricallylowlevelsofseaiceinrecentyears,upendingthedelicateecosystemthatsustainsgraywhales.Likeothermigrators,theydon'tfeedontheirwinterbreeding(繁殖)groundsoralongtheirmigration,andmustgainweightduringthesummertosustainthemselvesthroughtherestoftheyear.ObserversusingairphotographynotedthewhaleslookedskinnierandarrivedinMexicoinpoorcondition,whichsuggestedtheywerenotfindingenoughfoodduringthesummer.Thisdie-offisalarminglysimilartotheeventsof20yearsago,withanotherUMEresultinginasignificantdropinthegraywhalepopulation.Althoughthecausewasultimatelyundetermined,it'sthoughtthatthepopulationreached“carryingcapacity”—itgrewtoolargefortheenvironmenttosupportit.Althoughthatideahasbeensuggestedforthisdie-offaswell,it'smorelikelyblamedonthechangingconditionsoftheArctic.Graywhales,huntedalmosttoextinctionbythemid-20thcentury,wereoneofthefirsttobeprotectedfromhunting.TheEasternNorthPacificpopulationreboundedwithoutpressurefromwhalingandwastakenofftheEndangeredSpeciesList；theWesternNorthPacificpopulationisstilllistedasendangered.Thisdie-offisareminderthat“delisting”doesn'tindicateapopulation'ssecurefuture.Newthreatsarise,climatechangeupendshabitats,andcontinuedmonitoringisneededincaseacrashcomes.语篇导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了部分区域的灰鲸已从濒危物种名目中被除名，但这并不意味着人们可以无须担忧该物种将来的生存问题，灰鲸数量的不断削减仍是值得关注的问题。5．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“dwindled”inParagraph1mean？DA．Increased. B．Bounced.C．Multiplied. D．Dropped.解析：词义揣测题。依据第一段中的“Beingtakenofftheendangeredspecieslistdoesn'tguaranteeacarefreefutureforwhales.”可知，灰鲸从濒危物种名单上被除名并不能保证人们可以无须担忧灰鲸的将来；又依据下文所举的2024年灰鲸大量死亡的例子可以推知，画线词所在句意在表示灰鲸的数量自2016年起削减了近四分之一。drop意为“削减”，与画线词意思相近。故选D。6．Whatwillgraywhalesusuallydoinsummer？AA．Consumemorefood.B．Travelsouthtobreed.C．MarchbacktoAlaska.D．SeekfoodintheArctic.解析：微小环节理解题。依据其次段中的“theydon'tfeedontheirwinterbreeding(繁殖)groundsoralongtheirmigration,andmustgainweightduringthesummertosustainthemselvesthroughtherestoftheyear”可知，灰鲸不在冬季繁殖地或迁徙过程中进食，而必需在夏季增加体重，以在一年余下的时间中维持生存。因此灰鲸必需在夏天吃更多的食物。故选A。7．WhatmightbethemaincauseofthecurrentUME？CA．Seriousillnesses.B．Seapollution.C．Environmentalchanges.D．Limitedcarryingcapacity.解析：微小环节理解题。依据最终一段的“Althoughthatideahasbeensuggestedforthisdie-offaswell,it'smorelikelyblamedonthechangingconditionsoftheArctic.”可知，北极地区的环境变更更有可能是现阶段灰鲸数量削减的关键缘由。故选C。8．What'stheauthor'sattitudetothe“delisting”？BA．Favorable. B．Concerned.C．Intolerant. D．Regretful.解析：推理推断题。依据最终一段中的“Thisdie-offisareminderthat‘delisting’doesn'tindicateapopulation'ssecurefuture...continuedmonitoringisneededincaseacrashcomes.”可知，作者认为，这次灰鲸相继死去的事务提示人们，从濒危物种名单中被除名并不能保证一个种群拥有平安的将来，气候变更带来的新威逼，使人们须要对灰鲸的生存状况进行持续监测，以防出现严峻的死亡事务。由此可推知，作者仍对“除名”感到担忧。故选B。Ⅱ.完形填空(2024·深圳市一调)NatalieandCallie,both13yearsold,startedraisingmonarchbutterfliesforfunin2024.Butafterrealizingthemonarchisanendangeredspecies,their1.Bsoonturnedintoaseriousmission.Theylearnedthatthepopulationofmonarchbutterflieshad2.Csincetheearly1990s,duetohabitat3.Dandwidespreaduseofchemicals,whichmadethemilkweeds(马利筋草)themonarchs4.Afortheirmaindietdangeroustoeat.Sothegirlsteamedupwithanationalnon-profitgrouptoplantanativegarden5.Dforthemonarchs.Thegardengreworganicmilkweedsthat6.Aandkeptthebutterflies.Tohelp7.Bthelocalstosustainthemonarchpopulation,theycreatedanexhibitionaboutthemonarchsinthelocallibrary.Theyalsowantedtoputupaneducationalsignintown,butit8.Balot.Tocovertheexpense,theysetupastandattheFarmersMarkettoselltheir9.Cmilkweedsforpeopletoplant.Althoughthefundraisingdayswere10.C,theyfinallysucceededinearningenoughmoneywiththeirhardworkandpeople'ssupport.TheteamhaswontheSilverAwardfortheir11.Aoftakingcareofbutterflies,buttheyarenot12.Cwiththeirwork.“Ournextstepistocutdownontheuseof13.Atoguaranteeasafeenvironmentforthemonarchs，”saidNatalie.Intheawardceremony,theirteacherBrian14.D，“Iamsoproudofthemfortheirconstant15.D.”语篇导读：文章讲解并描述了两个13岁的女孩纳塔莉和考利从养帝王蝶的业余爱好到致力于疼惜帝王蝶的故事，她们的项目最终获奖且受到好评。1．A.dream B．hobbyC．career D．decision解析：依据上文“forfun”可知，起初她们养帝王蝶是为了好玩，即养帝王蝶是她们的业余爱好，后来才变成了她们的任务。hobby意为“业余爱好”，符合语境。dream幻想；career事业；decision确定。故选B。2．A.doubled B．agedC．declined D．exploded解析：依据其次段中的“themonarchisanendangeredspecies”和下文的“widespreaduseofchemicals...theirmaindietdangeroustoeat”可知，帝王蝶已经是濒危物种，数量应当是削减了的。decline意为“削减，下降”，符合语境。double(使)加倍；age变老；explode爆炸。故选C。3．A.management B．assessmentC．selection D．destruction解析：设空处与and后的名词短语“widespreaduseofchemicals”并列；再结合其次段提到帝王蝶是濒危物种并结合选项可知，此处指由于栖息地的破坏和化学物质的广泛运用，帝王蝶的数量已经下降。destruction意为“破坏”，符合语境。management管理；assessment评估；selection选择。故选D。4．A.reliedon B．keptoffC．brokedown D．gaveaway解析：依据本句的“themilkweeds(马利筋草)themonarchs4fortheirmaindiet”可知，该空是定语从句的谓语，从句修饰先行词themilkweeds；再依据diet可知，此处指帝王蝶所依靠的主要食物马利筋草。relyon意为“依靠”，符合语境。keepoff(使)让开；breakdown使分解；giveaway捐赠。故选A。5．A.partly B．secretlyC．rarely D．specially解析：依据下文的“Thegardengreworganicmilkweeds”可知，这个本土花园种植帝王蝶的主要食物马利筋草，由此可得出这是特地为帝王蝶种植的本土花园。specially意为“尤其，特地地”，符合语境。partly部分地；secretly隐私地；rarely很少。故选D。6．A.attracted B．protectedC．monitored D．trapped解析：本空位于that引导的定语从句中。依据上文及“andkeptthebutterflies”可知，设空处与kept是并列关系，此处应是指吸引并饲养帝王蝶。attract意为“吸引”，符合语境。protect疼惜；monitor监视；trap使落入险境。故选A。7．A.employ B．educateC．force D．limit解析：依据下文的“theycreatedanexhibitionaboutthemonarchsinthelocallibrary”可知，她们举办关于帝王蝶的展览的目的是教化当地人疼惜帝王蝶，呼应下文的“Theyalsowantedtoputupaneducationalsignintown”。educate意为“教化”，符合语境。employ雇用；force迫使；limit限制。故选B。8．A.meant B．costC．changed D．hurt解析：依据上文中的“but”可知，此处与上一分句是转折关系，表示张贴教化标识有困难；再依据下文中的“Tocovertheexpense”可知是费用太高。cost意为“花费”，符合语境。mean意味着；change变更；hurt损害。故选B。9．A.dry B．medicalC．healthy D．wild解析：依据第三段最终的“dangerous”和第四段其次句中的“organic”可知，此处应表示把健康的马利筋草卖给人们。healthy意为“健康的”，符合语境。dry干燥的；medical医学的；wild野生的。故选C。10．A.pleasing B．lightC．long D．disappointing解析：依据空前的“Although”和下文的“finallysucceededinearningenoughmoney”可知，此处应当是指捐献的日子很漫长(辛苦)。long意为“漫长的”，符合语境。pleasing令人愉悦的；light光明的；disappointing令人悲观的。故选C。11．A.project B．conceptC．schedule D．assignment解析：上文提到她们与一个全国性的非营利组织合作，实行行动疼惜帝王蝶。由此可知，她们获得银河奖，是因为她们疼惜蝴蝶的这个项目。project意为“项目”，符合语境。concept概念；schedule支配；assignment任务。故选A。12．A.concerned B．connectedC．finished D．occupied解析：依据空后的“Ournextstepistocutdownon...”可知，她们的行动还未结束。finish意为“完成”，符合语境。concern担忧；connect连接；occupy占据。故选C。13．A.chemicals B．timeC．funds D．energy解析：依据文章第三段中的“widespreaduseofchemicals,whichmadethemilkweeds(马利筋草)themonarchs4fortheirmaindietdangeroustoeat”以及下文“toguaranteeasafeenvironment”可知，因化学物质的广泛运用帝王蝶的生存环境担忧全，所以要削减化学品的运用，以保证帝王蝶拥有平安的环境。chemical意为“化学制品”，符合语境。time时间；fund基金；energy精力。故选A。14．A.quoted B．continuedC．replied D．commented解析：依据下文的“Iamsoproudofthem”可知，这是老师布莱恩评论的话语。comment意为“评论”，符合语境。quote引用；continue接着；reply回答。故选D。15．A.donations B．supportC．patience D．efforts解析：依据上文语境可知，二人为了疼惜帝王蝶不仅给帝王蝶种食物，进行疼惜帝王蝶的宣扬活动，还筹钱来实现目标；由此可推出老师为她们不断的努力感到傲岸。effort意为“努力”，符合语境。donation捐赠；support支持；patience耐性。故选D。Ⅲ.七选五(2024·八省八市第一次联考)Haveyouevercaughtasmellofsomethingandbeenstronglyremindedofapersonorplace?Thereseemstobeadeeppsychologicallinkbetweensmellsandourmemory.Someresearchevensuggeststhatsmellscaninfluenceourcognition(认知，感知)．1.ARojaDove，aperfumer,informedtheBBCthatwhenweareborn,theolfactorybulb(嗅球),whichistheareainourbrainthatprocessessmell,isempty,withoutpre-existinginformationorassociation.2.GWhenwesmellanodouragain,theoriginalanduniquememorycomesfloodingbackbecauseoftheassociationacquiredinourpreviousexperience.Ourawarenessofsmellsisprimarilyunconscious.3.EBut,low-levelsmellsarestillpickedupbecausethescentreceptors(感受器)inourbrainaresopowerfulthatweunconsciouslyregisterthem.Infact,variousstudieshavefoundtheolfactorybulbsendsmoreneurons(神经元)tomoreareasofourbrainthanourhearingorvision.Researchsuggeststhatthepowerofsmellcanalsoaffecthowthebrainperforms.4.FMarkMossatNorthumbriaUniversity'sPsychologyDepartmentdiscoveredthatcertainessentialoils,suchaspeppermint,positivelyimpactcognition,androsemary'sscentcanenhancememory.Healsostudiedlavender,whichhesays“tendstoimpairmemoryandslowreactiontime”.Butresearchbyothershasshownittobeusefulinreducingpre-treatmentanxietyindentalandmedicalsituations.5.BThenexttimeafamiliarsmellbringsbackaspecialmemory,justrememberthatyournoseisworkingwonders.A．Whydosmellstakeusback?B．So,don'ttakeyournoseforgranted.C．Howisthesenseofsmellconnectedtoyourbrain?D．Scentscanrevivememoriesthathavebeenlongforgotten.E．Wearenotactivelyawareofthemunlesstheyareextremelystrong.F．Thisisespeciallytruewhenitcomestothefragranceofessentialoils.G．Therefore,ourresponsestosmellsarelearntandhighlyindividualized.语篇导读：本文是一篇说明文。主题语境为人与自我，文章主要介绍了嗅觉如何影响我们的认知。解析：1．第一段说嗅觉和记忆似乎有心理关联，且探讨发觉气味会影响我们的认知。下文引用调香师RojaDove的话说明嗅觉和记忆之间的关系。因此，A项“为什么气味会唤起记忆？”承上启下，符合语境。C项中yourbrain中的your与段落的叙述角度不符。故选A。2．空前一句说当我们诞生时，大脑中处理气味的嗅球是空的，没有预先存在的信息或联系。因此，G项“因此我们对气味的反应是后天习得的，而且是高度特性化的”符合语境。故选G。3．空前一句说我们对气味的感知基本上是无意识的，空后说比较淡的气味照旧会被捕获到，因为我们大脑中的气味感受器特殊强大，我们会无意识地将它们记录下来。因此，E项“除非气味异样浓烈，否则我们不会主动意识到它”承上启下，符合语境。故选E。4．空前一句说探讨表明，嗅觉的力气也会影响大脑的运行方式。空后举了几个例子说明植物精油(薄荷、迷迭香和薰衣草)会影响认知、记忆和心情。因此，该空属于过渡句，F项“当涉及精油的香味时尤其如此”承上启下，符合语境。故选F。5．最终一段总结全文。既然嗅觉如此重要，我们不要认为鼻子是天经地义的。因此，B项“因此，不要认为你的鼻子是天经地义的”符合语境。故选B。Ⅳ.语法填空(2024·济南市学情检测)Today,giantpandasareconsideredtobeoneoftheworld'sbest-knownanimals.Peoplemakehugeefforts1.toprotect(protect)themandluckilytheireffortsarepayingoffinsomeareas.2.Globally(global)recognizedasaleadingsymbolofbothChinaandnatureconservation,giantpandasarepopularintheworld.Butglobalinterestintheanimalonly3.took(take)offinthe20thcentury.TheinspirationforWorldWideFundforNature(WWF)'slogo(标识)camefromChiChi,4.agiantpandathatarrivedatLondonZooin1958.Beingawareoftheneedforaremarkablesymboltobreakthroughalllanguagebarriers,oneoftheWWF's5.founders(founder)agreedt