安徽省省十联考2023-2024学年高二下学期7月期末英语试题

英语试题（考试时间：120分钟满分：150分）注意事项：1.答题前，务必在答题卡和答题卷规定的地方填写自己的姓名、准考证号和座位号后两位。2.答题时，每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。3.答题时，必须使用0.5毫米的黑色墨水签字笔在答题卷上书写，要求字体工整、笔迹清晰。作图题可先用铅笔在答题卷规定的位置绘出，确认后再用0.5毫米的黑色墨水签字笔描清楚。必须在题号所指示的答题区域作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上答题无效。4.考试结束，务必将答题卡和答题卷一并上交。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatisthewomanaskingthemantodo?A.Gethomeearly. B.Speakmorequietly. C.Gotosleepimmediately.2.Whatisthemangoingtodofirst?A.Haveameetingwiththewoman.B.Pickuphissonfromschool.C.Workonareport.3.WhenwillthewomanmeetwithProfessorWhite?A.At2:0p.m. B.At3:00p.m. C.At3:30p.m.4.Wherearethespeakers?A.Atschool. B.Inahospital. C.Onthefield.5.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Strangers. B.Acouple. C.Shopkeeperandcustomer.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whendidthemanbreakhisleg?A.Whenhewasgoingforawalk.B.Whenhewaspainting.C.Whenhewasdriving.7.Whatisthemanprobablydoingnow?A.Makingacallforhelp. B.Seeingadoctor. C.Drivingacar.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodoatfirst?A.Haveapicnic. B.Visitherfamily. C.Gofishing.9.Whydoesn'tthewomanwanttoplaybasketball?A.Thebasketballcourtistoofaraway.B.Doingexercisemakeshertired.C.Theweatheristoohot.10.Wheredothespeakersdecidetogofirst?A.Toacafe. B.Toapark. C.Toaswimmingpool.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Whatistheconversationmainlyabout?A.Startinguniversity. B.Cookingameal. C.Takingaclass.12.Howdoesthewomanfeel?A.Hungry. B.Scared. C.Excited.13.Whatdoesthemanmajorin?A.History. B.Maths. C.Physics.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.Whatisthewoman'sfavoritewebsite?A.Beatport. B.YouTube. C.Vimeo.15.WhatdoesthemanthinkofYouTube?A.Ithasmanyadvertisements. B.Ithaslittlenewmusic. C.Itdoesn'thaveup-to-datenews.16.WhatdoesthemandoonVimeo?A.Readnews. B.Listentomusic. C.Watchvideos.17.HowcanBeatportbeimprovedaccordingtotheman?A.Bycuttingdownonadvertisements.B.Byprovidingfullsongs.C.Byupdatingcontent.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.WhomaygetthemoneyfromJapan'sgovernment?A.Part-timeworkers. B.Somepoorfamilies. C.Allchildrenunderage19.19.Howoftenwillthemoneybegiven?A.Onceintheirlife. B.Threetimesayear. C.Twiceamonth.20.Wheredidsomepeoplethinkthemoneywillbeaccordingtothetalk?A.Insavingsaccounts. B.Incomputerstores. C.Inshoppingmalls.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ATheBestWritingContestsforHighSchoolStudentsScholasticArtandWritingAwards●AwardAmount:$1,000to$12,500scholarships●Deadline:VariesbetweenDecemberandJanuary,dependingonyourregion●Fee:$10forsingleentry,$30forportfolio(作品选辑)TheScholasticArtandWritingAwardscelebrateartbystudentsingradesseventhroughtwelve(age13orolder)onaregionalandnationalscale.Categoriesincludescience-fictionandfantasywriting,humor,criticalessays,anddramaticscripts.OceanAwarenessContest●AwardAmount:Scholarshipsupto$1,500●Deadline:June13,2023●Fee:NoneTheOceanAwarenessContestasksstudentstoconsiderthefutureofacoastalormarinespeciesthatisunderthreatfromclimatechange.Submissionsareacceptedinavarietyofartforms.ThecontestisopentoallinternationalandUSstudentsbetweentheagesof11and18.RiverofWords●Award:PublicationintheRiverofWordsanthology●Deadline:January31,2023●Fee:NoneTheRiverofWordscontestasksstudentstoconsiderwatersheds-anareathatdrainsintothesamebodyofwater-andhowtheyconnectwiththeirlocalcommunity.Studentscanexplorethisconceptinartorpoetry.ThecontestisopentoInternationalandUSstudentsfromkindergartentograde12(ages5through19).YoungArtsCompetition●AwardAmount:Upto$10,000cashawards●Deadline:October15,2023●Fee:$35Opentostudentsinavarietyofdisciplines,includingvisualarts,writing,andmusic,theYoungArtscompetitionasksstudentstosubmitaportfolioofwork.Applicantsmustbe15-to18-year-oldUScitizensorpermanentresidents,oringrades10through12atthetimeofsubmission.21.WhatcanweknowabouttheScholasticArtandWritingAwards?A.Thedeadlineisnotfixed. B.Entriescantakeanyform.C.Ithasthelowestcashawards. D.Itisopentostudentsworldwide.22.WhatdoOceanAwarenessContestandRiverofWordshaveincommon?A.Theyhavethesameclosingdate. B.Winnerscangettheirworksissued.C.Studentsdon'thavetopayanentryfee. D.Theagelimitforapplicantsisthesame.23.WhocanparticipateintheYoungArtsCompetition?A.Nancy,acollegegraduatemajoringinliterature.B.Kevin,a12-year-oldEnglishboystudyingmusic.C.Adam,ahighschoolfreshmanwhoexcelsatsports.D.Mary,a16-year-oldAmericangirlwholoveswriting.BBruce,akea(啄羊鹦鹉),misseshisupperbeak(鸟喙),givingtheolivegreenparrotalookofsurprise.Butscientistsaretheastonishedones.Thetypicalkeahasalong,sharpbeak,perfectfordigginginsectsoutofrottenlogsorrippingrootsfromthegroundinNewZealand'sforests.Brucehasbeenmissingtheupperpartofhisbeaksinceatleast2012whenhewasrescuedandsenttoliveattheWillowbankWildlifeReserveinChristchurch.ThedefectpreventsBrucefromsearchingforfoodonhisown.Keepinghisfeatherscleanalsobecomesanimpossibletask.In2021,whencomparativepsychologistAmaliaBastosarrivedatthereservewithcolleaguestostudykeas,thezookeepersreportedsomethingodd:Brucehadseeminglyfiguredouthowtousesmallstonestopreen(用喙整理羽毛)."Wewerelike,'Well,that'sweird,'"saysBastos.Overninedays,theteamkeptacloseeyeonBruce,quicklytakingvideosifhestartedcleaninghisfeathers.ItturnedoutthatBrucehadindeedinventedhisownwaytopreen,theresearchersreportedinScientificReports.First,Bruceselectsthepropertool,rollingpebbles(鹅卵石)aroundinhismouthwithhistongueandspittingoutcandidatesuntilhefindsonehelikes,usuallysomethingpointy.Next,heholdsthepebblebetweenhistongueandlowerbeak.Then,hepicksthroughhisfeathers."It'scrazybecausethebehaviorwasnottherefromthewild,"Bastossays.BrucewastooyoungtohavelearnedhowtopreenwhenhearrivedatWillowbank.Nootherbirdinthereserveusespebblesinthisway."Itseemslikehejustinnovatedthistooluseforhimself.Itdemonstratesareallyflexibleintelligencebecauseitmeanshe'sbeenabletocreatehisownsolutiontoaproblemuniquetohim,"Bastossays.24.Whatdoweknowfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Brucewasborninareserve. B.Brucehasaphysicaldisability.C.Keasareanendangeredspecies. D.NewZealandistheonlyhabitatofkeas.25.WhatdidtheresearchersinitiallythinkofBruce'sbehavior?A.Itwasnormal. B.Itwasdangerous. C.Itwasverystrange. D.Itwastotallyunacceptable.26.Whatdoesparagraph5mainlytalkabout?A.WhatledtoBruce'sspecialbehavior. B.HowBruceusestoolstopreenhimself.C.WhyBruceneedstokeepfeathersclean. D.HowzookeepersrescuedBrucefromdanger.27.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeBruceaccordingtoBastos?A.Acreativeplayer. B.Aninnovativepartner.C.Asmartproblem-solver. D.Anambitiousself-starter.CResearchersattheUniversitédeMontrealhavefoundthatourfavoritemusic,particularlytheemotionsbroughtonbylisteningtobittersweetmusic,mightbeaneffective,drug-freewayofloweringourperceptionofpain.Musichaslongbeenknowntohaveahypoalgesiceffect,meaningthatitcausesadecreasedsensitivitytopainfulstimuli(刺激物).Buttotestwhichkindofmusicwasmosteffectiveforreducingpain,63participantsreceivedmoderatelypainfulheatstimulitotheinnerforearm,resultinginasensationsimilartoahotteacupbeingheldagainsttheskin.Thepainwaspairedwithshortpiecesofmusic,eachlastingaroundsevenminutes.Listeningtotheirfavoritemusicstronglyreducedpainintensityandunpleasantnessinparticipants,comparedtocontroltracksorsilence.Unfamiliarrelaxingtracksdidnothavethesameeffect.Theresearcherstheninterviewedparticipantsabouttheirfavoritesongsandconductedananalysisaboutfourthemesrelatedtocategoriesofemotionalexperience:energizing/activating,happy/cheerful,calming/relaxing,andmoving/bittersweet.Theywantedtoseewhetheremotionthemescouldmodulatethehypoalgesiceffectoffavoritemusic."Wefoundthatreportsofmovingorbittersweetemotionalexperiencesseemtoresultinlowerratingsofpainunpleasantness,whichwasdrivenbymoreintenseenjoymentofthemusicandmoremusicalchills,"saidValevicius.Whiletheydon'tdefine"musicalchills"intheirpaper,theresearcherspointtopreviousneurologicalstudiesthatsuggestadopamine(多巴胺)pathwayinthebrainmaybefundamentaltoboththeenjoymentofmusicandmusic-inducedchills.Insomepeople,theresearcherssay,chillscanappearasatinglingsensation,shivers,orgoosebumps.28.Whatisthecommonviewaboutmusic?A.Ithasapain-decreasingeffect. B.Itcanenhancebraindevelopment.C.Itisauniversallanguageofmankind. D.Itmayreducefeelingsofpressureanddepression.29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"modulate"inparagraph4probablymean?A.Ruin. B.Improve. C.Judge. D.Adjust.30.Whatcanbelearnedaboutmusicalchills?A.Theywillbefurtherstudiedbyresearchers.B.Theyhavebeendefinedinpreviousstudies.C.Theymayberelatedtodopamineinthebrain.D.Theycontributelittletotheenjoymentofmusic.31.What'sthetextmainlyabout?A.Listeningtomusiccanmakeusmorefocused.B.Musicisapowerfultoolforboostingourmood.C.Emotionalpainhasanimpactonourphysicalhealth.D.Ourfavoritebittersweetmusicmayhelprelievepain.DIntheRomantimesandthroughouttheMiddleAges,saltwasavaluablecommodity(商品),andalsoservedas"whitegold".SoldiersintheRomanarmyweresometimespaidwithsaltinsteadofmoney.Theirmonthlyallowancewascalled"salarium"("sal"beingtheLatinwordforsalt).ThisLatinrootcanberecognizedintheFrenchword"salaire"-anditeventuallymadeitintoEnglishastheword"salary".Languageissomethingwetakeforgranted.However,astheexamplewiththeword"salary"shows,languagesarenotstatic.Likebiologicalspecies,languageschangeovertime,andsometimesdeveloptogiverisetoseveraldescendant(后代)languages.Forexample,French,Italian,andSpanishareamongthelanguagesthathaveevolvedfromLatin.Andlikespecies,languagescangoextinct,too.Givenallthesesimilarities,linguists(语言学家)whostudytheevolutionoflanguagesoftenusetoolsthataresimilartothoseusedbyevolutionarybiologists.Onesuchtoolisthereconstructionofaspeciestree.Suchatreeshowstheevolutionaryhistoryandrelationshipswithinagivengroupofbiologicalspecies.Usingareconstructedspeciestree,evolutionarybiologistscanofteninferspecificcharacteristicsofancestralspecies.Ortheycanmatchupcommonancestorsinthetreewithactualfossilsthathavebeenfoundbypaleontologists(古生物学家).Thisallowsthemtoputrealdatesatvariousbranchingpointsinthetree.Thus,speciestreereconstructionisanessentialtoolinstudyingbiologicalevolution.Asimilartechniquecanbeusedtostudylanguageevolutionbecauselanguagesalsoevolveandconsistofwordsthatcanbeeasilycompared.Indeed,linguistshavereconstructedentirelanguagetrees.Andaswithspeciestrees,characteristicsofancientancestrallanguagescanbederived(衍生)fromthem.Ofcourse,therealsoaresomedifferencesbetweenspeciesevolutionandlanguageevolution,eachrequiringuniqueadditionalmethodstostudythemindetail.But,overall,itisfascinatingtoseehowthebasicideasandresearchtoolsoflanguageevolutionaresimilartothoseofbiologicalevolution.32.Whydoestheauthormentiontheword"salary"inparagraph1?A.Toillustratetheevolutionoflanguage.B.TopresenttheeffectofLatinonlanguages.C.Tostressthevalueofsaltinancienttimes.D.Toshowdevelopmentsinlinguistictheory.33.Whatcanweinferfromparagraph2?A.Culturaldiversityandbiodiversityarelinked.B.Speciesandlanguageshavealotincommon.C.Human-causedmassextinctionisaccelerating.D.Languagesinfluenceandlearnfromeachother.34.Whatcanweknowaboutthereconstructedspeciestree?A.Itiscurrentlyinthedesignstage. B.Itfacilitatestheresearchoflinguists.C.Itcanbeusedinavarietyofways. D.Itisthefirstchoiceforbiologists.35.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.TheLanguageSystemEvolvedOverTimeB.TheTwinExtinctionsofSpeciesandLanguagesC.SaltPlayedaCrucialRoleinEarlyHumanHistoryD.FromSalttoSalary:LinguistsTakeaPagefromBiology第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Asyoupreparetoentertheworkforce,herearefourtipsthatmayhelpsetyourselfupforauthenticcareerconfidence.Figureoutwhichballsareplasticandwhichareglass.36Andearlyon,youmayfeelasifeverythingisatthetopofyourto-dolist.Thereareonlysomanyhoursintheday,andtherewillinevitablybetimeswhenyoucan'taccomplisheverything.So,ifyou'regoingtodroptheballonsomething,bestrategic.Choosetodropballsthatwillbounceandnotbreak.Prepareproperly.Toolittlepreparationandyouwillhavetowingit(临时应付).37Conserveyourtimeandenergyandstruggletofindwhatfeelsjustrightforyou.Maximizeyourefficiencyinpreparingforaparticulartask.38Celebratingaspectsofourcareersisnot,andshouldnotbe,limitedtoabigwin.Otherwise,mostofuswouldrarelycelebrateanything,andourprofessionalexistencewouldbedull.Celebratingisn'tjustaboutblowingyourownhorn.39Inthisway,celebrationcanenablegreaterconfidence.Darkenthespotlight.Keepinmindthatnooneisscrutinizing(审视)youthewaythatyou'rescrutinizingyourself.Duetothespotlighteffect,wehaveatendencytooverestimatethedegreetowhichotherscareaboutoursuccessesorfailures.40Afterall,youhavea100%trackrecordofsurvivingprofessionalchallenges,eveniftheydidn'tquitegoasyouhoped.A.Celebrategoodtimesandcomeon.B.Celebrateyourbigwins.C.AnycareerisfulloftasksandresponsibilitiesD.Buildingrealconfidenceisvitalforcareersuccess.E.Sodon'tcarehowyouwillbeviewed.F.It'salsoaboutacknowledgingandappreciatingyourefforts.G.Toomuchpreparationandyouwillhavewastedprecioustime.第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。InspiredbythebookTarzanandtheApes,JaneGoodalldecidedthatshewantedtogotoAfricatostudyanimals.Peoplethoughtthose41werejustforboys.ButJane'smother42herdaughter.OnceinAfrica,JanemetthefamousscientistsLouisandMaryLeakey.Louiswas43byJaneandhiredhertoworkashissecretary.Afterafewyears,he44JanetotheGombePreservetostudychimpanzees.Butitwasn'tassimpleaspackingherbagsand45intotheforest.ThemanagersofthepreservethoughtthatJane,asoneofthefirstwomeninprimatology(灵长类动物学),wouldn'tbe46workinginthewilderness.Therewere47animalstoworryabout.Insteadofbeingafraidwhenshewentintotheforestforthefirsttime,Janehassaidthatshefeltlikeshewas"cominghome"toaplacewhereshe48.Atthispoint,shestillhadn'tgoneto49,soshedidn'tknowhow50normallydidthings.ButJane'smethods51toworkverywell!Shegave52totheanimalssheobserved,likeGreybeard,Goliath,andFlo,insteadofnumbers.Shegottoknoweachanimalasan53andsawthateachchimphadauniquepersonality,alotlikehumans.Shealsosawthemmaking54,whichwashardforotherscientistsatthetimetobelieve.AfterJanehadspentafewyears55chimpanzees,sheattendedCambridgeUniversitytoearnadoctoraldegree.Justasshedecidedshewouldwhenshewas10yearsold,shefinallywroteseveralbooksonherexperienceswiththeapes.41.A.experiences B.adventures C.programs D.projects42.A.supported B.protected C.questioned D.refused43.A.motivated B.replaced C.impressed D.accompanied44.A.forced B.persuaded C.instructed D.sent45.A.heading B.falling C.integrating D.breaking46.A.available B.helpful C.safe D.selected47.A.endangered B.rare C.wild D.dangerous48.A.belonged B.remained C.recalled D.served49.A.ground B.court C.college D.prison50.A.parents B.researchers C.women D.officials51.A.wonout B.sprangup C.wenton D.turnedout52.A.names B.gestures C.orders D.pictures53.A.alternative B.individual C.adult D.assistant54.A.sounds B.mistakes C.tools D.plans55.A.sorting B.training C.treating D.observing第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。AstheverydefinitionofclassicalbeautyinChina,WestLakeisvery56(attract):hillsriseoverwillow-linedwatersasboatsdriftslowlyandleisurely.Walkways,parks,gardensandperfectly57(position)benchesaroundthebanksofthelakeofferathousandandonevantagepoints(有利位置)forvisitors58(admire)thebeautifulscenery.Thelake,59hadbeenalagoonneartheQiantangRiver,cameinto60(exist)inthe8thcentury.Atthattime,thegovernorofHangzhouhadthemarshyareasdredged(挖掘).Later,gardens61(build),andcausewaysandislandswereconstructedfromdredgedsilt(淤泥).ThefamouspoetSuDongpohadahandinthelake'sdevelopment,62(construct)theSuCausewayduringhistimeasthelocalgovernorinthe1lthcentury.Itwasn'tanoriginalidea-some200years63(early),thepoet-governorBaiJuyihadalreadyconstructedacausewaywhichwaslaterreferredto64theBaiCausewayinhishonour.Linedbywillow,plumandpeachtrees,today65traffic-freecausewayswiththeirhalf-moonbridgesmakeforrestfuloutings.第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）为了创建和谐校园，增进同学间的友谊，你校在上周末邀请专家进行了主题为“如何解决人际交往矛盾，促进同学和谐相处”的讲座。假定你是校英文报记者李华，请你就此讲座写一篇英文报道，内容包括：1.讲座内容；2.讲座反响。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。AConstructiveSpeech_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二节（满分25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。"Helen!Areyoucoming?"avoicecalledfromdownstairs."Yes,"Helenreplied,quicklyputtingonherslightlytightdress."Wherearewegoing,Dad?"sheasked,surprisedbythisrareopportunitytospendtimewithherfather.Hehadbeenworkingtirelesslytosupportthefamily."We'reofftocollecttherent,"heresponded."Oh,"sheunderstood.TherentwastheirlifelineduringtheGreatDepression(经济大萧条),andgoingwithoutitwasunthinkable.TheirfirststopwasatthehomeofMrs.Miller,whoquicklyhandedthemtherentindollarbills.Butthesecondtenant(租客)Mr.Schmidtwasstillsearchinghishomeforcoinswhentheyarrived.Apologizing,hegavethemabagfullofcoins.Thethirdtenants,theKatzes,worriedHelenandherfather.Theirfinancialstruggleshadworsened,eventhoughHelen'sfatherhadreducedtheirrent.HesaiditwasimportanttobeespeciallyconsideratetothisfamilybecauseMr.Katzhadservedinthearmyanddeservedtheirgratitude.Mrs.Katzgreetedthematthedoor,hereyesredfromcrying.Despitetheirfinancialdifficulties,theinsideoftheapartmentwasalwaysimmaculatelyclean(一尘不染).Mr.Katzandthetwochildrenweresittingatthetable,waitingforthem.Thefamilyallhadsuchgaunt(枯瘦的)faces.Helenwasembarrassed,suddenly,byherowngoodhealth.Itfeltlikeamarkofherguiltwhenshesawthelittlegirl'snarrow,sadfaceandtheboy'slargeeyes.Mr.KatzgaveHelen'sfatherthemoneyhewasholding,andherfatherthankedhim.Justastheywereabouttoleave,Mrs.Katz'stremblingvoicestoppedthem.Shesaid,"Mr.Resnick,wehaven'teatenintwodays."Helencouldn'timaginesuchathing.Herstomachachedjusttothinkofit.Theyreturnedtothetable,andHelen'sfathersilentlyplacedtheKatzes'rentmoneybackonitandcountedouttwodollarsincoins."Helen,"hesaid,"Iwantyoutogotothegrocer'swiththismoney,buyfood,andbringitbackhere."注意：1.续写词数应为150个左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Helennodded,tookthemoney,andrushedofftothegrocer's.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Everyone'seyesturnedtoHelenassheenteredMr.Katz'shouse.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

英语参考答案第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）1-5.BCCBA6-10.BAACB11-15.ACBBA16-20.CBCAA第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）21-25.ACDBC26-30.BCADC31-35.DABBD第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）36-40.CGAFE语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）41-45.BACDA46-50.CDACB51-55.DABCD第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）56.attractive57.positioned58.toadmire59.which60.existence61.werebuilt62.constructing63.earlier64.as65.the第三部分写作（共两节，满分40分）应用文参考范文：AConstructiveSpeechLastweekend,ourschoolinvitedanexperttodeliveralectureonhowtoresolveinterpersonalconflictsandpromoteharmonyamongstudents.Theexpertstartedthelecturebydiscussingthecommonsourcesofconflictsamongstudents.Hethenofferedvariousstrategiestohandleconflicts,includingeffectivecommunication,activelistening,empathy,andmutualrespect,whileemphasizingtheimportanceofunderstandingdifferentperspectivesandfindingcommonground.Thelecturereceivedenthusiasticfeedbackfromstudents.Manyappreciatedthepracticaladviceandsaidtheyfeltmoreconfidentaboutmanagingtheirrelationships.Theeventpavedthewayforamoreharmoniousschoolenvironment.读后续写参考范文：Helennodded,tookthemoney,andrushedofftothegrocer's.Thecoldairnippedathercheeksasshemadeherway.Reflectingonthecontrastbetweenherfamily'ssituationandthatofMr.Katz,sheacknowledgedhermodestprivilege,eventhoughherfamilywasfarfromrich,andresolvedtodosomethingmeaningful.Atthestore,Helencarefullychosefoodthatwasbothfillingandnutritious,allwhilekeepingwithinthemodestsumclutchedinherhand.Withherarmsheavywithbags,sheracedback,hopingtobringthefamilysomecomfortinthesehardtimes.Everyone'seyesturnedtoHelenassheenteredMr.Katz'shouse.Thechildren'sfaceslitupatthesightofthefood,andevenMrs.Katz'swearyexpressionsoftenedintoahopefulsmileasHelenunpackedthegroceries:bread,milk,asackofpotatoes,abitofmeatandevensomecandies.Mr.Katzmurmuredhisthanks,hisvoicethickwithemotion.Onthewayhome,herfathersaidsoftlytoHelen,"Sometimes,sharingwhatwehaveisthetruestformofwealth."Shenodded,realizingthepowerofcompassion:itnotonlybroughtwarmthtothegivers,butlightenedtheburdensofothers,evenifjustforalittlewhile.部分答案解析：A篇这是一篇应用文，文章主要介绍了四个适合高中生参加的写作比赛。21.A解题思路：细节理解题。根据题干中的关键词“ScholasticArtandWritingAwards”定位至第一个比赛部分，由其中的“Deadline:VariesbetweenDecemberandJanuary,dependingonyourregion”可知，这个比赛参赛作品的提交截止日期依地区而定，不是固定的。故选A项。22.C解题思路：细节理解题。根据题干中的关键词“OceanAwarenessContest”和“RiverofWords”定位至第二个和第三个比赛部分，由其中的“Fee:None”可知，这两个比赛的共同之处在于参赛的学生都不用交报名费。故选C项。23.D解题思路：推理判断题。根据题干中的关键词“YoungArtsCompetition”定位至最后一个比赛，由其中的“Applicantsmustbe15-to18-year-oldUScitizens…atthetimeofsubmission.”可知，这个比赛的参赛人员必须是15至18岁的美国公民或永久居民，或在作品提交时在上10至12年级。由此可推断，16岁喜欢写作的美国女孩Mary符合该要求。故选D项。B篇这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了一只失去上喙、名叫Bruce的鹦鹉懂得如何使用工具来清理自己的羽毛。24.B解题思路：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Bruce,akea,misseshisupperbeak”及第二段中的“Brucehasbeenmissingtheupperpartofhisbeaksinceatleast2012”可知，Bruce失去了它的上喙，它有身体缺陷。故选B项。25.C解题思路：细节理解题。根据第四段内容可知，研究人员一开始认为Bruce的行为很怪异，于是他们开始拍摄视频来观察Bruce试图寻找答案。故选C项。26.B解题思路：段落大意题。根据第五段内容可知，Bruce首先选择合适的工具，用舌头把鹅卵石在嘴里滚来滚去，然后吐出来，直到找到它喜欢的，通常是尖的东西。接下来，它把鹅卵石夹在舌头和下喙之间。然后，它开始梳理它的羽毛。由此可知，第五段主要介绍了Bruce用工具梳理羽毛的过程。故选B项。27.C解题思路：推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，Bastos认为Bruce的行为不是从野外习得的。它只是为自己创造了这种工具的使用方式。这显示了它真正灵活的智慧，因为这意味着它能够为自己独特的问题创造自己的解决方案。由此可推断，Bruce是一个聪明的问题解决者。故选C项。C篇这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了一项研究发现听最喜爱的音乐特别是苦情乐可能会缓解人们的疼痛感。28.A解题思路：细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Musichaslong…decreasedsensitivitytopainfulstimuli.”可知，人们早就知道音乐有镇痛作用，这意味着它会降低对疼痛刺激的敏感性。故选A项。29.D解题思路：词义猜测题。第三段介绍了研究发现听最喜欢的音乐可以大大减少参与者的疼痛强度和不愉快程度。画线词上文介绍研究人员对参与者进行了关于他们最喜欢的歌曲的采访，并对与情绪体验类别相关的四个主题进行了分析。下文介绍研究人员发现那些令人感动或苦乐参半的音乐似乎会导致更低程度的痛苦和不愉快。结合选项可推断，这里指研究人员想知道情感主题是否能“调节”参与者最喜爱的音乐所带来的镇痛效果。故选D项。30.C解题思路：细节理解题。根据最后一段内容可知，虽然研究人员没有在论文中定义“音乐寒战”，但他们指出之前的神经学研究表明，大脑中的多巴胺途径可能是音乐享受和音乐寒战的基础。由此可知，音乐寒战可能与大脑中的多巴胺有关。故选C项。31.D解题思路：主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了一项研究发现听最喜爱的音乐特别是苦情乐可能会缓解人们的疼痛感。故选D项。D篇这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了语言进化与生物进化有众多相似之处，语言学家从研究自然物种演变的“物种树”中获取灵感，创建了“语言树”。32.A解题思路：推理判断题。第一段介绍了英语中的“salary”一词的由来。下文介绍了语言进化同物种进化之间的相似性，这种相似性启发语言学家创建类似于物种树的语言树，帮助推进语言研究。由此可推断，作者在第一段提及“salary”是为了说明语言在不断演变。故选A项。33.B解题思路：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Likebiologicalspecies…languagescangoextinct,too.”可知，就像生物物种一样，语言会随着时间的推移而变化，有时会“物种化”，产生几种后代语言。就像物种一样，语言也会灭绝。由此可推断，物种和语言有很多相似之处。故选B项。34.B解题思路：细节理解题。根据第三、四、五段内容可知，语言进化与生物进化有很多相似之处，因此，一些语言学家经常使用与进化生物学家使用的工具相似的工具。物种树是帮助进化生物学家研究生物进化的重要工具，同时也为语言学家提供了灵感，推动了语言树的建立。故选B项。35.D解题思路：主旨大意题。作者在第一段以英语中的“salary”一词的例子说明了语言也在进化，进而在下文介绍物种和语言有很多相似之处，物种树启示语言学家创建语言树来推动语言的研究。D项能概括本文大意。故选D项。七选五【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章为准备进入职场的人提供了四条建议，帮助他们建立真正的职业自信。【答案解析】36.C根据本段的主题句可知，本段建议“找出哪些是塑料球，哪些是玻璃球”，也就是要找出重点，分清孰轻孰重。根据设空处下一句中的“asifeverythingisatthetopofyourto-dolist”可知，设空处的内容应是对职场工作内容的概括。C项“任何职业都需要完成各项任务和职责”符合语境。故选C。37.G根据本段的主题句可知，本段建议“适当准备”。设空处上一句提到，准备太少，你将不得不临时抱佛脚，结合选项可知，G项“准备太多，你会浪费宝贵的时间”符合语境。G项中的“Toomuchpreparation”与上一句中的“Toolittlepreparat