2024-2025学年上学期人教版英语八年级上册暑期衔接讲义

第第页PAGE目录Unit1Wheredidyougoonvacation?2感叹句……………………….….6一般过去时………………….….6Unit2Howoftendoyouexercise？………..7Unit3I’mmoreoutgoingthanmysister………………….18形容词和副词的比较级和最高级…………….26Unit4What’sthebestmovietheater?34Unit5Doyouwanttowatchagameshow?37Unit6I’mgoingtostudycomputerscience…………..……42begoingto结构………….…….46Unit7Willpeoplehaverobots?48一般将来时…………………….52Unit8Howdoyoumakeabananamilkshake?53Unit9Canyoucometomyparty?63情态动词……………………….72Unit10Ifyougototheparty,you’llhaveagreattime!76WordsandExpressionsinEachUnit…………80Unit1Wheredidyougoonvacation?短语归纳goonvacation去度假stayathome待在家里gotothemountains去爬山gotothebeach去海滩visitmuseums参观博物馆gotosummercamp去参观夏令营quiteafew相当多studyfor为……而学习goout出去mostofthetime大部分时间tastegood尝起来很好吃haveagoodtime玩得高兴ofcourse当然inthepast在过去feellike给……的感觉；感受goshopping去购物walkaround四处走走becauseof因为onebowlof…一碗……thenextday第二天drinktea喝茶findout找出；查明goon继续takephotos照相somethingimportant重要的事upanddown上上下下comeup出来buysth.forsb./buysb.sth.为某人买某物taste+adj.尝起来……look+adj.看起来……nothing…but+v.原除了……之外什么都没有seem+（tobe）+adj.看起来……arrivein+大地点/arriveat+小地点到达某地decidetodosth.决定去做某事trydoingsth.尝试做/trytodosth.尽力去做某事forgetdoingsth.忘记做过/forgettodosth.忘记做了enjoydoingsth.喜欢做某事wanttodosth.想去做某事startdoingsth.开始做某事stopdoingsth.停止做某事dislikedoingsth.不喜欢做某事keepdoingsth.继续做某事Whynotdo.sth.?为什么不做……呢？so+adj.+that+从句如此……以至于……tellsb.(not)todosth.告诉某人（不要）做某事SectionARole-playconversationsbetweenGrace,KevinandJulie.A:Grace,wheredidyougoonvacation?B:IwenttoNewYorkCity.A:Oh,really?Didyougowithanyone?B:Yes,Iwentwithmymother.Role-playtheconversation.Rick:Hi,Helen.Longtimenosee.Helen:Hi,Rick.Yes,Iwasonvacationlastmonth.Rick:Oh,didyougoanywhereinteresting?Helen:Yes,IwenttoGuizhouwithmyfamily.Rick:Wow!DidyouseeHuangguoshuWaterfall?Helen:Yes,Idid.Itwaswonderful!Wetookquiteafewphotosthere.Whataboutyou?Didyoudoanythingspeciallastmonth?Rick:Notreally.Ijuststayedathomemostofthetimetoreadandrelax.GrammarFocusWheredidyougoonvacation?IwenttoNewYorkCity.Didyougooutwithanyone?No.Noonewashere.Everyonewasonvacation.Didyoubuyanythingspecial?Yes,Iboughtsomethingformyfather.No,Iboughtnothing.Howwasthefood?Everythingtastedreallygood!Dideveryonehaveagoodtime?Oh,yes.Everythingwasexcellent.SectionBReadJane'sdiaryentriesabouthervacationandanswerthequestions.DidJanehaveagoodtimeonMonday?WhataboutonTuesday?Monday,July15thIarrivedinPenanginMalaysiathismorningwithmyfamily.Itwassunnyandhot,sowedecidedtogotothebeachnearourhotel.MysisterandItriedparagliding.IfeltlikeIwasabird.Itwassoexciting!Forlunch,wehadsomethingveryspecial—Malaysianyellownoodles.Theyweredelicious!Intheafternoon,werodebicyclestoGeorgetown.Therearealotofnewbuildingsnow,butmanyoftheoldbuildingsarestillthere.InWeldQuay,areallyoldplaceinGeorgetown,wesawthehousesoftheChinesetradersfrom100yearsago.Iwonderwhatlifewaslikehereinthepast.Ireallyenjoyedwalkingaroundthetown.Tuesday,July16thWhatadifferenceadaymakes!MyfatherandIdecidedtogotoPenangHilltoday.Wewantedtowalkuptothetop,butthenitstartedrainingalittlesowedecidedtotakethetrain.Wewaitedoveranhourforthetrainbecausethereweretoomanypeople.Whenwegottothetop,itwasrainingreallyhard.Wedidn'thaveanumbrellasowewerewetandcold.Itwasterrible!Andbecauseofthebadweather,wecouldn'tseeanythingbelow.Myfatherdidn'tbringenoughmoney,soweonlyhadonebowloffishandrice.ThefoodtastedgreatbecauseIwassohungry!语法讲解1.goonvacation度假vacation相当于holiday，但vacation表示长的假期。2.somethinginteresting有趣的东西1）something，anything，nothing，everything是指物的不定代词。somebody，someone，anybody，anyone，nobody，everybody，everyone是指人的不定代词。somewhere，anywhere，nowhere，everywhere是指地点的不定代词。2）当形容词修饰不定代词、不定副词时，放于其后（定语后置）；somethingspecial;somewherewonderful.3）不定代词、不定副词做主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数。如：Iseverybodyhere?大家都到齐了吗？4）some＆anysome（构成的复合不定代词）用于肯定句中，any（构成的复合不定代词）用于否定句、疑问句中。在表示请求、邀请、提建议等带有委婉语气的疑问句并希望得到肯定回答的疑问句中用some。如：Didyoudoanythinginteresting?你做了有趣的事吗？（表疑问）Whydon’tyouvisitsomeonewithme?你为什么不跟我一起去拜访下某个人呢？（表建议）Ifanythinghappens,pleasetellme.如果有事情发生，请告诉我。3.buysth.forsb.或buysb.sth如：buysomebooksforme.=buymesomebooks.4.提建议的句子：①What/howabout+doingsth.?如：What/Howaboutgoingshopping?②Whydon’tyou+dosth.?如：Whydon’tyougoshopping?③Whynot+dosth.?如：Whynotgoshopping?④Let’s+dosth.如：Let’sgoshopping⑤Shallwe/I+dosth.?如：Shallwe/Igoshopping?5.ridebicycles骑自行车6.辨析：getto/reach/arrive都是“到达“的意思getto+地点=reach+地点=arriveat+地点（小）=arrivein+地点（大）注意：若他们后面要加地点副词here,there,home等，则不需要加介词。7.nothing...but...意为“除之外；只有”，如：IhavenothingtodobutwatchTValldaylong.我整天除了看电视什么也没干。8.feellike意为：“感受到；摸起来”，后跟宾语从句或名词。如：IfeltlikeIwasabird.我感觉我是一只鸟。另外，构成短语feellikedoingsth.意为“想做某事”。如：Ifeellikeeating.我想吃东西。9.enjoydoingsth.喜欢做…;乐意做…enjoyoneself过得愉快=havefun/haveagoodtime.10.Iwonderwhatlifewaslikehereinthepast.我想知道过去这里的生活是什么样的n.奇迹；令人惊讶的事情如：Nowonder!难怪；不足为奇！wonder惊讶如：wonderatsth.;wondertodosth.wonderv.感到疑惑；想知道如：Iwonderwheretheyaregoing.11.few与little的区别：肯定否定许多可数afewFewquiteafew/notafew不可数alittleLittlequitealittle/notalittle如：Thereislittlesugarinthebottle.Canyougetsome?12.Stillnooneseemedtobebored.仍然没有人感到烦闷。1）seem意为“好像；似乎；看来”，是个连系动词，构成的短语有：seemtodosth.好像做某事如：Theyseemtowaitforyou..他们似乎在等你。seem（tobe）+adj.似乎如：Heseemed(tobe)illyesterday.昨天他似乎病了。Itseemsthat+从句似乎如：Itseemsthathewasillyesterday.昨天他似乎病了。其他表示状态的系动词有：feel(觉得）;keep（保持）;stay（保持）;look（看来像...）;smell（闻起来）sound（听起来……）taste（尝起来……）2）bored(adj)，意为“感到厌倦的、无聊的”,其主语是某人；boring(adj)，意为“令人厌倦的、无聊的”其主语是某物。如：Igotboredwiththeboringwork.我对这无聊的工作感到厌倦。相类似的词语还有interested/tired/excited/amazed/surprisedinteresting/tiring/exciting/amazing/surprising13.decide（v）决定decideto(not)dosth.=makeadecision(not)todosth.decision(n)decideondoingsth.决定做某事如：LiLeihasdecidedtogotoBeijing.李雷已经决定去北京。14.Becauseofthebadweather,wecouldn’tseeanythingbelow.1）becauseof+名词/代词/名短Ihadtomovebecauseofmyjob.因为工作的原因because+从句如：IdoitbecauseIlikeit.我做这件事是因为我喜欢。2）below意为“在下面;低于”，其反义词为above，意为“在上面；高于”15.形容词/副词＋enough如：wet/quietlyenough足够漂亮enoughenough＋名词如：enoughumbrellas足够的雨伞足够(形/副)＋enough+(名)todosth.足够…去做…如：IhaveenoughmoneytogotoBeijing.我有足够的钱去北京。Sheisnotoldenoughtogotoschool.她年龄不够，不能去上学。同义句：Sheistooyoungtogotoschool.(too…to…:太…而不能…)Sheissoyoungthatshecan’tgotoschool.如此…以致于（结果）16.so+形/副+that从句：Sheissopopularthateveryonelikesher.如此…以致于（结果）suchsuch+名短+that从句：Sheissuchapopulargirlthat...sothat从句：结果…（为了）如：Hegetsupearlysothathecancatchtheearlybus.17.反身代词：myself/yourself/itself/herself/himself/ourselves/yourselves/themselves如：Thechild(herself)usuallywearstheclothes(herself).18．Whatadifferenceadaymakes!一天的差异多大啊！makea/no/somedifferencein…：对…有/没有/有些影响感叹句一、什么叫感叹句

感叹句是表示喜怒哀乐等强烈感情的句子。感叹句句末通常用感叹号，读时一般用降调。

二、感叹句的结构 Whata/an+adj.+n(单)+主+谓！或What+adj.+n（复/不）+主+谓！感叹句的结构How+adj.+主+谓（联系动词）！或How+adv+主+谓（实义动词）！What

a

clever

boy

he

is!

(他是个)多么聪明的男孩啊！What

a

rich

breakfast

it

is!

多么丰盛的一顿早餐啊！

How

well

you

look!

你气色真好!

How

kind

you

are!

你心肠真好!

注意

要修饰名词的形容词是表数量的many，

much，

little，

few，要用how，即使它们后面跟有名词：

How

many

books

he

has！

他的书真多！

How

much

money

he

gave

her！

他给了她好多钱呀！比较：What

a

little

box

it

is！

多小巧的盒子呀！（该little不表示数量）一般过去时结构肯定式:主语+was/were+其他否定式:主语+was/were+not+其他一般疑问句式:Was/Were+主语+其他?简略回答:(肯)Yes,主语+was/were（否）No,主语+was/werenot肯定句式:主语+动词过去式+其他否定句式:主语+（助动词）didn’t+动词原形+其他一般疑问句式:Did+主语+动词原形+其他简略回答:(肯)Yes,主语+did(否)No,主语+didnot用法表示过去某个时间所发生的动作或存在的状态。常和表示过去的时间状语yesterday,justnow,theotherday,in1982,ago,anhourago,longlongago,thedaybeforeyesterday,lastweek(year,night,month…),attheageof5,oneday,onceuponatime等连用。在一般过去式中，要表达“过多少时间之后”，一般用after。例如：Wheredidyougojustnow?刚才你上哪儿去了？Afterafewyears,shestartedtoplaythepiano.几年后，她开始弹钢琴。表示在过去，经常或反复发生的动作。常与often,always等表示频度的副词连用，且有明确过去的时间状语。例如：WhenIwasachild,Ioftenplayedfootballinthestreet.我是个孩子的时候，常在马路上踢足球。一般过去式也可与today,thisweek,thismonth,thisyear等表现在的时间状语连用，但这些时间状语须指过去的时间，决不包含“现在”“此时此刻”的意思。例如：Didyouseehimtoday?今天你看见他了吗？动词过去式变换规则构成规则动词原形动词过去式一般在动词原形末尾加-ed，(在清辅音后读∕t∕；在浊辅音和元音后读∕d∕；在∕t∕,∕d∕后读∕id∕。lookplayworklookedplayedworked结尾是e的动词在末尾加-dlikelivehopelikedlivedhoped末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，先双写这个辅音字母，再加-edplanstopdropplannedstoppeddropped结尾是“辅音字母＋y”的动词，先变“y”为“I”再加-edstudyworrycrystudiesworriescriesUnit2Howoftendoyouexercise？短语归纳helpwithhousework帮助做家务onweekends在周末howoften多久一次hardlyever几乎从不onceaweek每周一次twiceamonth每月两次everyday每天befree有空gotothemovies去看电影usetheInternet用互联网swingdance摇摆舞playtennis打网球stayuplate熬夜；睡得很晚atleast至少havedanceandpianolessons上舞蹈课和钢琴课gotobedearly早点睡觉playsports进行体育活动begoodfor对……有好处gocamping去野营not…atall一点儿也不……inone’sfreetime在某人的业余时间themostpopular最受欢迎的suchas比如；诸如oldhabitsdiehard积习难改gotothedentist去看牙医mornthan多于；超过lessthan少于SectionAHowoftendoyoudotheseactivities?Fillinthechartandthenmakeconversations.A:Howoftendoyouwatch?B:IwatchTVeveryday.A:What’syourfavoriteprogram?B:AnimalWorld.A:Howoftendoyouwatchit?B:Twiceaweek.ActivitiesHowoftenwatchTVeverydayusetheInternetreadEnglishbooksgotothemoviesexerciseRole-playtheconversation.Jack:Hi,Claire,areyoufreenextweek?Claire:Hmm…nextweekisquitefullforme,Jack.Jack:Really?Howcome?Claire:Ihavedanceandpianolessons.Jack:Whatkindofdanceareyoulearning?Claire:Oh,swingdance.It’sfun!Ihaveclassonceaweek,everyMonday.Jack:Howoftendoyouhavepianolessons?Claire:Twiceaweek,onWednesdayandFriday.Jack:Well,howaboutTuesday?Claire:Oh,Ihavetoplaytenniswithmyfriends.Butdoyouwanttocome?Jack:Sure!GrammarFocusWhatdoyouusuallydoonweekends?Ialwaysexercise.Whatdotheydoonweekends?Theyoftenhelpwithhousework.Whatdoesshedoonweekends?Shesometimesgoesshopping.Howoftendoyougotothemovies?Igotothemoviesmaybeonceamonth.HowoftendoeshewatchTV?HehardlyeverwatchesTV.Doyougoshopping?No,Inevergoshopping.SectionBWhatDoNo.5HighSchoolStudentsDoinTheirFreeTime?Lastmonthweaskedourstudentsabouttheirfreetimeactivities.Ourquestionswereaboutexercise,useoftheInternetandwatchingTV.Herearetheresults.Wefoundthatonlyfifteenpercentofourstudentsexerciseeveryday.Forty-fivepercentexercisethreetofourtimesaweek.Twentypercentexerciseonlyonetotwotimesaweek.Andtwentypercentdonotexerciseatall!Weallknowthatmanstudentsoftengoonline,butweweresurprisedthatninetypercentofthemusetheInterneteveryday.Theothertenpercentuseitatleastthreeorfourtimesaweek.Moststudentsuseitforfunandnotforhomework.Theanswerstoourquestionsaboutwatchingtelevisionwerealsointeresting.OnlytwopercentofthestudentswatchTVoneortwotimesaweek.ThirteenpercentwatchTVthreetofourtimesaweek.Andeighty-fivepercentwatchTVeveryday!Althoughmanystudentsliketowatchsports,gameshowsarethemostpopular.ItisgoodtorelaxbyusingtheInternetorwatchinggamesshows,butwethinkthebestwaytorelaxisthroughexercise.Itishealthyforthemindandthebody.Excisesuchasplayingsortsisfun,andyoucanspendtimewithyourfriendsandfamilyasyouplaytogether.Andremember,“Oldhabitsdiehard.”Sostartexercisingbeforeit’stoolate!语法精讲1、always、usually、often、sometimes、hardlyever和neveralways、usually、often、sometimes、hardlyever和never是英语中最常见的频度副词。（1）always的频度为100%，表示动作重复、状态继续，中间没有间断，意思是“总是”、“永远地”。Thesunalwaysrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest.太阳总是东升西落。（2）usually的频度为70%左右，意为“通常”、“平常”，即很少有例外。Heusuallygoestobedatteno’clock.他通常10点钟睡觉。（3）often的频度为50%左右，意为“常常”，但不如usually那么频繁，表示动作重复，中间有间断。Heisoftenlateforschool.他上学经常迟到。（4）sometimes的频度为20%左右，意为“有时”，表示动作偶尔发生。可以位于句首，以示强调。多用于一般现在时。Itissometimeshotandsometimescold.天气忽冷忽热。Sometimeshedoesitthiswayandsometimeshedoesitthatway.他有时这样做，有时那样做。（5）hardlyever的频度为5%左右，意为“几乎不”、“偶尔”，表频率，位置是“行前be后”。Ihardlyevergooutthesedays.这些天我几乎不出门。（6）never的频度为0，意为“从来不”、“永不”。Myparentsareneverlateforwork.我父母上班从来不迟到。【拓展】（1）这些副词在句子中的位置基本相同，一般放在助动词、be动词或情态动词之后，行为动词之前。即：“行”前“助(系)”后。Peterisalwayslateforschool.Peter上学总是迟到。Iusuallydomyhomeworkintheevening.我通常在晚上做作业。（2）hardly和hardhardly和hard形式上很接近，但意义截然不同。1）hard作形容词时，意为“困难的；硬的；勤奋的；严厉的；苛刻的”。hard作副词时常用来表示程度，意为“努力地；猛烈地；剧烈地”。Thisgroundistoohardtodig.这块地太硬，挖不动。Theytriedhardtosucceed.他们努力工作，以求得成功。2）hardly是表频率的副词，意为“几乎不；几乎没有”，相当于almostnot。Thereishardlyanycoffeeleft.=There’salmostnocoffeeleft.几乎没有剩余的咖啡了。（3）sometimes、sometime、sometime和sometimes单词词义用法sometimes有时用于一般现在时和一般过去时中sometime某时(时间点)用于一般将来时或一般过去时中sometime一段时间可用于多种时态(指时间段)sometimes几次，几倍表示次数或倍数Hewassometimeslateforschool.他有时上学迟到。Hecameheresometime.他某个时候来过这里。Hewillstaythereforsometime.他将在那里待一段时间。Shecamehomesometimes.她回了几次家。2、exercise（1）作不及物动词，意为“锻炼、运动”。—Howoftendoyouexercise?你多久锻炼一次？—Iexerciseeveryday.我每天都锻炼。（2）作不可数名词，意为“锻炼、运动”，常与动词take连用。Exercisemakesmekeephealthy.运动使我保持健康。Johnlikestotakeexerciseintheopenair.约翰喜欢在户外锻炼。（3）作可数名词，意为“练习；操”。Wedomorningexerciseseveryday.我们每天做早操。WedoEnglishexercisestohelpuslearnEnglishwell.3、mostmost表示“大部分，多半”的意思。Mostchildrenlikeplayingcomputergames.大部分孩子喜欢玩电脑游戏。【拓展】most与mostof的区别：（1）most后可直接跟名词(可数或不可数)，同时，也可接有形容词修饰的名词。Mostboyslikeplayingfootball.大部分男孩都喜欢踢足球。IalwaysspendmosttimelearningEnglish.我总是花大部分时间学习英语。（2）most后不能直接跟有定冠词、指示代词或物主代词所修饰的名词，遇到这些情况用mostof代替most。Ispentmostofmytimelearningtoplaythepianolastyear.去年我把大部分时间都花在学弹钢琴上了。Ididmostofthatdifficultwork.那件困难的工作绝大部分都是由我做的。（3）mostof后跟人称代词时，应用复数形式的人称代词宾格。MostofthemaregoingofftoGuangzhounextweek.他们中的多数人都准备下星期去广州。（4）most前有定冠词时，可用来修饰多音节形容词，表示最高级，意为“最”。Thisisthemostbeautifulflower.这是最漂亮的花。但是，如果most前有不定冠词a，则表示“非常；很”，相当于very。Sheisamostbeautifulgirl.她是个非常漂亮的姑娘。4、nono是形容词，意为“无，没有”，一般用作定语，后接可数名词或不可数名词。相当于not…a/any。Ihavenofriends.=Idon’thavea/anyfriend.我没有朋友。【拓展】（1）no常用于省略句中，表示“不许，不可，不要”。Nosmoking!不要抽烟。Nophotos!禁止拍照！（2）no和not（1）no可单独使用，回答一般疑问句，而not则不能单独使用。—CanIcome?我能来吗？—No,youcan’t.不，你不能。（2）no作形容词，其后可接单数、复数或不可数名词，而not是副词，常用来修饰谓语动词或形容词和副词等，故no相当于nota/an…或notany…5、healthhealth为名词，意为“健康”，其形容词形式为healthy，意为“健康的”。在名词词尾加y构成形容词，类似的词还有：rain—rainy雨—下雨的sun—sunny太阳—晴朗的luck—lucky幸运—幸运的wind—windy风—刮风的6、shopshop可用作动词，意为“购物”，也可用goshopping“去购物”或dosomeshopping。【拓展】goswimming去游泳goskating去滑冰gofishing去钓鱼goboating去划船dosomereading阅读dosomewashing洗涮dosomecooking做饭dosomeswimming游泳dosomespeaking多说dosomelistening多听7、onceaweek/twiceaweekonce“一次”，twice“两次”，在英语中三次或三次以上通常用“基数词+times”表示，time在这里为可数名词，意为“次数”，复数加s。Iwashmyfacetwiceaday.我每天洗两次脸。Hehasbeentherefourtimes.他去过那里四次。8、howoftenhowoften意为“多久一次”，常用于对时间频率的提问。回答可用once/twice/threetimesaday(一天一/两/三次)，sometimes(有时)，never(从不)，veryoften(经常)等。HowoftendoyouwatchTV?你多久看一次电视？Howoftendoyourparentsvisityourgrandparents?你的父母多久看一次你的祖父母？【拓展】词语词义用法答语特征howlong多久询问时间多久for/about+一段时间howoften多久一次询问动作的频率often、twiceaweek等howsoon多快，过多久询问时间多快in+一段时间howfar多远询问距离多远tenminutes’walkhowmany多少询问可数名词数量数词+可数名词复数howmuch多少询问不可数名词数量数词+表示量的词+不可数名词多少钱询问价格数词+钱9、lookafterlookafter意为“照顾，照看”，相当于takecareof。Myfatherisill,soIhavetolookafterhimathome.我父亲病了，所以我得在家照顾他。Sheisoldenoughtolookafterherself.她长大了，能够照顾自己了。【拓展】lookat=havealookat看…lookover检查lookup(在字典等)查找lookfor寻找lookforwardto期待，盼望lookaround环顾10、look、see、watch和read辨析：look为不及物动词，后接宾语时须用介词at，指看的动作。see既可做及物动词后接宾语，又可用做不及物动词，着重于看的后果，即“看到，看见”。read多指“看书、报”，这里的“看”实为“读”，可用做及物动词或不及物动词。watch用做及物动词，用来指非常仔细地、有目的和特意的动作，表示“注视，观看，监视”之意。也常用于“看电视，看比赛”等短语中。11、wantsb.todosth.意为“想要某人做某事”。否定形式为：wantsb.nottodosth.想让某人不要做某事want的用法还有：wantsth.想要什么wanttodosth.想要做某事Shewantsacupoftea.她想要一杯茶。Theywanttogohome.他们想要回家。【拓展】want后接动词不定式时，相当于wouldlike。want(sb.)todosth.=wouldlike(sb.)todosth.12、begoodfor意为“对…有好处，对…有益处”，介词for后接名词或代词。其反义词为bebadfor，意为“对…有害处”。Junkfoodisnotgoodforourhealth.垃圾食品对我们的健康没有好处。Smokingisbadforyou.吸烟对你有害。【拓展】（1）begoodto“对…好”，其反义短语为bebadto“对…不好”。介词to之后一般接表示人的名词或代词。Sheisverygoodtous.她对我们很好。Thebossisbadtohisworkers.那个老板对他的工人不好。（2）begoodat“在…方面擅长”，介词at后接n.、pron.或v-ing形式，=dowellin。SheisgoodatEnglishandChinese.=ShedoeswellinEnglishandChinese.（3）begoodwith“和…相处得好；擅于和…相处”。Areyougoodwithchildren?你和孩子们相处得好吗？13、trytodosth.try为动词，意为“试图；设法；努力”。指付出一定努力去做某事。try(not)todosth.努力(不)做某事、尽力(不)做某事trydoingsth.尝试做某事tryout实验tryon试穿(鞋、衣服等)tryone’sbesttodosth.尽某人最大努力去干…Itrytoanswerthequestion.我尽力回答这个问题。Hetriedswimmingacrosstheriver.他试着游过河去。Sheistryingonanewdress.她正在试穿一件新连衣裙。WeshouldtryourbesttostudyEnglishwell.我们应尽我们最大努力学好英语。try作名词，意为“尝试；试图”。Letmehaveatry.让我试一试。14、helpsb.(to)dosth.意为“帮助某人做某事”。=helpsb.withsth.Hehelpsme(to)learnEnglish.=HehelpsmewithmyEnglish.他帮助我学习英语。【拓展】（1）helpsb.withsth.在某事上帮助某人Mymathsteacherhelpsmewithmymaths.我的数学老师在数学上帮助我。（2）help也可以作名词，作名词时常用于下列短语：withone’shelp=withthehelpof在…的帮助下WithMary’shelp,ImaderapidprogressinEnglishlearning.=WiththehelpofMary,ImaderapidprogressinEnglishlearning.15、thesameas/bedifferentfromthesameas意为“和…一样/相同”Iaminthesameschoolasmyyoungersister.我和我的妹妹在同一所学校。bedifferentfrom意为“与…不同”Sayingathingisverydifferentfromdoingit.说一件事和做一件事很不相同。thesame…as…意为“同…一样…”，是一常用搭配，same是形容词，做定语，其前总有the.Herhairisthesamecolorashermother’s.她头发的颜色和她妈妈的一样。16、keepingoodhealth意为“保持健康”Ifyouwanttokeepingoodhealth,youshouldeatmorefruitandvegetables.health是不可数名词，意为“健康(状况)”，常用于“beingood(poor/bad)health”短语中，表示“身体好(不好)”。Healthisbetterthanwealth.健康胜于财富。healthy做形容词，意为“健康的”，它是名词health+y构成的形容词，类似的词有：windy、cloudy、sunny、funny、snowy等。unhealthy意为“不健康的”，是由“un+adj.”构成的形容词。un-为否定前缀。类似的有：happy高兴的—unhappy不高兴的fair公平的—unfair不公平的【拓展】（1）keep是动词，意为“保持…(持续的)状态”，其后常跟形容词、副词、介词短语或动词的-ing形式。keepdoingsth.继续做某事keep(sb./sth.)+形容词(使某人)保持某种状态keepsb./sth.+介词短语使…处于某种状态keepsb./sth.fromdoingsth.阻止，保护…不受keepondoingsth.反复做某事Youshouldkeepquiet.你们应该保持安静。Hekeepsathomebecauseitishot.他一直待在家里，因为天气太热了。（2）keep的相关短语：keepupwith赶上keepashop开商店keepaneyeon照看17、kindof常用于口语，意为“有点儿，有几分”，多用于修饰形容词或副词，表程度。Helookedkindofangry.他看上去有点生气了。kind还可表示“种类”。Thereareallkindsofshoesintheshoeshop.鞋店里有各种各样的鞋。18、thebestwayto…意为“…的最佳方式”loseone’sway迷路ineveryway在各方面ontheway…在去…的路上bytheway顺便说/问一下inaway在某种程度上percent19、n.…当中的百分之…如：percentGeniusis10percentinspiration（灵感）and90percentperspiration（汗水）.adj.百分...的如：Ipayhim4percentinterest.Unit3I’mmoreoutgoingthanmysister.短语归纳as…as…与……一样……thesingingcompetition唱歌比赛besimilarto与……相像的/类似的thesameas和……相同；与……一致bedifferentfrom与……不同careabout关心；介意belikeamirror像一面镜子themostimportant最重要的aslongas只要；既然bringout使显现；使表现出getbettergrades取得更好的成绩reachfor伸手取infact事实上；实际上makefriends交朋友theother其他的touchone’sheart感动某人betalentedinmusic有音乐天赋begoodat擅长……begoodwith善于与……相处havefundoingsth.享受做某事的乐趣begoodatdoingsth擅长做某事makesb.dosth.让某人做某事wanttodosth.想要做某事as+adj./adv.的原级+as与……一样……It’s+adj.+forsb.todosth.对某人来说，做某事……的2dRole-playtheconversation.Julie:Didyoulikethesingingcompetitionyesterday,Anna?Anna:Oh,itwasfantastic!Nellysangsowell!Julie:Well,IthinkLisasangbetterthanNelly.Anna:Oh,whichonewasLisa?Julie:Theonewithshorterhair.IthinkshesangmoreclearlythanNelly.Anna:Yes,butNellydancedbetterthanLisa.Julie:YoucantellthatLisareallywantedtowin,though.Anna:Well,everyonewantstowin.Butthemostimportantthingistolearnsomethingnewandhavefun.GrammarFocusIsTomsmarterthanSam?No,heisn’t.SamissmarterthanTom.IsTaramoreoutgoingthanTina?No,sheisn’t.TinaismoreoutgoingthanTara.AreyouasfriendlyasyoursisterNo,I’mnot.I’mfriendlier.DoesTaraworkashardasTina?Yes,shedoes.Who’smorehard-workingatschool?Tinathinkssheworksharderthanme.2b.Shouldfriendsbethesameordifferent?Readaboutwhatthesepeoplethink.Underlinethedifferencesbetweenthefriendsandcirclethesimilarities.Mymothertoldmeagoodfriendislikeamirror.I’mquieterandmoreseriousthanmostkids.That’swhyIlikereadingbooksandIstudyharderinclass.MybestfriendYuanLiisquiettoo,soweenjoystudyingtogether.I’mshysoit’snoteasyformetomakefriends.ButIthinkfriendsarelikebooks–youdon’tneedalotofthemaslongasthey’regood.It’snotnecessarytobethesame.MybestfriendLarryisquitedifferentfromme.Heistallerandmoreoutgoingthanme.Webothlikesports,butheplaystennisbetter,sohealwayswins.However,Larryoftenhelpstobringoutthebestinme.SoI’mgettingbetterattennis,though.AsLarryoftensays,“Mybestfriendhelpstobringoutthebestinme.”However,Larryismuchlesshard-working,soIalwaysgetbettergradesthanhedoes.SomaybeIshouldhelphimmore.Idon’treallycareifmyfriendsarethesameasmeordifferent.Myfavoritesayingis,“Atruefriendreachesforyourhandandtouchesyourheart.”MybestfriendCarolisreallykindandveryfunny.Infact,she’sfunnierthananyoneIknow.Ibrokemyarmlastyearbutshemademelaughandfeelbetter.Wecantalkaboutandshareeverything.Iknowshecaresaboutmebecauseshe’salwaystheretolisten.2cArethefollowingstatementstrue(T)orfalse(F)?1.Jeffislessseriousthanmostkids.2.JeffandYuanLiarebothquiet.3.Jeffthinksitiseasyforhimtomakefriends.4.HuangLeiistallerthanLarry.5.HuangLeiisn’tasgoodattennisasLarry.6.LarryworksharderthanHuangLei. 7.Marythinksherfriendsshouldbethesameasher.8.CarolbrokeherarmlastyearandMarymadeherfeelbetter.语法精讲1、heavy&thin是一组意义相反的形容词，都可用来描述人的体型。heavy意为“胖的，笨重的”，比较级形式为heavier；thin意为“瘦的”，其比较级形式为thinner。Heisveryheavy,buthisbrotheristhin.他很胖，可他的哥哥却瘦。【拓展】heavy还可意为“重的；剧烈的；大的”等。heavyrain/snow/smoker大雨/大雪/浓烟heavysmoker/drinker/eater烟瘾/酒瘾/食量大的人haveaheavycold患重感冒heavy(busy)traffic交通拥挤2、quiet&outgoingquiet是形容词，意为“安静的，文静的”，可作定语或表语。反义词是outgoing；outgoing意为“外向的，友好的；擅于交际的”，其比较级为moreoutgoing。Theywalkedtoaquietplace.他们向一个安静的地方走去。Youhaveacold,soyoumustkeepquietathome.你感冒了，所以必须在家静养。Heismoreoutgoingthanme.他比我能说会道。【拓展】calm、still、quiet与silent的辨析：calm镇静的；平静的指不受干扰时的宁静、平静；指人时表示沉着的、镇定的。still不动的；静止的指物理上的安静状态。quiet安静的；静止的指寂静的状态，没有吵闹、骚乱，指人表示娴静、文静。silent沉默的；无言的主要指人，指不发出声音或不说话，强调无声的状态。Whenwefacedanger,weshouldkeepcalm.面对危险，我们应该保持沉着、冷静。Thebabykeptstillwhenshewastakingphotos.当给这个婴儿拍照时，她一动也不动。Bequiet,everyone.Theteacheriscoming.同学们，安静！老师来了。Weshouldn’tkeepsilentwhentheteacherasksussomequestions.注意：quiet意为“安静的”，quite意为“相当”。3、seriousserious是形容词，意为“严肃的、认真的、严重的、危险的”。比较级为moreserious。常用搭配为：beseriousabout意为“对…认真”。Howseriousthematteris!问题是多么严重啊！IstoppedlaughingwhenIrealizedhewasseriousaboutit.当我意识到他不是开玩笑时，我就不再笑了。4、meanmean是动词，有如下用法：（1）“意思是；指的是”，后接名词、动词不定式或that从句。Theredlightmeans“stop”.红灯意思是“停止”。DoyoumeanthatIamtooheavy?你的意思是我太胖了？（2）“打算，意欲”，后面常接不定式。Hemeanstodoitwell.他打算把这件事做好。（3）“意味着…”，后面常接动名词作宾语。Missingthetrainmeanswaitingforanhour.赶不上这列火车意味着再等一小时。（4）Whatdoes…mean?=What’sthemeaningof…?=Whatdoyoumeanby…?意为“…是什么意思？”5、insomewaysinsomeways意为“在某些方面，就某些方面而言”。Insomewaysthejobisdifficult.在某些方面，那工作很难。【拓展】intheway 挡道bytheway 顺便说一下，在句中作插入语，用逗号隔开onthe/one’swayto 在去…的路上，to后接地点inthisway 用这种方法(方式)6、both（1）代词，意为“两者，双方，两人”。Bothoftheflowersareverybeautiful.=Theflowersarebothverybeautiful.（2）形容词，意为“两者的，双方的”。Shewantsbothdictionaries.这两本字典她都想要。Boththeanswersarewrong.这两个答案都是错的。（3）副词，意为“两者，两者都是”，常用于行为动词之前，be动词、助动词、情态动词之后。Theycanbothdance.他们俩都会跳舞。（4）both…and意为“…和…都，既…又…”，用于连接两个并列成分，连接并列主语时，

谓语动词应该用复数形式。Bothyouandyoursisterlikeitverymuch.你和你姐姐都非常喜欢它。【拓展】（1）当both用于否定句时，表示“并非两者都…”。Idon’tlikeboththesweaters.这两件毛衣，我并不都喜欢。（2）both…and…的否定形式为neither…nor…意为“既不…也不…”。HecanspeakneitherFrenchnorEnglish.他既不会法语也不会英语。7、interest（1）interest可以作名词，意为“兴趣，爱好”。常有如下表达：take/showaninterestin对…感兴趣haveaninterestin对…有兴趣loseaninterestin对…失去兴趣find(no)interestin发觉对…(没)有兴趣Theboytakesaninterestinsinging.那个男孩对唱歌感兴趣。Mysisterfoundnointerestinstudying.我妹妹对学习没有兴趣。（2）interest还可以做动词，意为“使…感兴趣”。Heinterestedmeinoutdoorsports.他使我对户外运动产生了兴趣。【拓展】interest、interesting与interested的辨析：interest名词/动词兴趣；爱好；使…感兴趣interesting形容词有趣的；令人感兴趣的，多用来修饰物interested形容词多用来修饰人，常用于beinterestedin“对…感兴趣”Thefilmisinteresting.那部电影引人入胜。Thelittlegirlisinterestedinbooks.那个小女孩对书感兴趣。8、though（1）though可以作连词，意为“虽然；即使；纵然”，放