2020高考英语江苏专用版考前冲刺5周限时练辑：限时训练(十二)-文本版含解析

限时训练(十二)Ⅰ.阅读理解A话题：3D打印难度：★★ItalianbioengineerGiuseppeSciontifromSpanishstartupNovameathasinventedthe“world’sfirst”3D-printedmeat-freesteakmadefromvegetableproteins，whichmimics(模仿)thetextureofbeef.Veganingredientssuchasrice，peasandseaweed，whichprovidetheaminoacidsneededforahealthydiet，areturnedintoafoodpastethatis3D-printedtoformarawandsteak-likesubstance.Despiteanabundanceofmeat-freeproductsalreadyonthemarketthattastesimilartoanimalmeats，Sciontifoundthatthesearelimitedtoimitationburgers，ormeatballs.Inanefforttoreducetheimpactofanimalagricultureandtoimprovepeople’snutrition，theMilaneseresearchersetouttocreateaplant-basedalternativeto“fleshy”meatproducts.Bycombiningtissueengineeringandbio-printingwithmoderncookingmethods，hecreatedaveganproductthatboaststhesameconsistency，appearanceandnutritionalpropertiesasanimalmeatproducts.3Dprintingallowedthescientisttogeneratecomplexandmicro-structuredthree-dimensionalformsthatareimpossibletoachieveusingothertechniques.Syringes(注射器)containingthelight-coloredfoodpastewereplacedina3Dprinter，whichfollowedapre-setcodedesignedbySciontiusingcomputer-aideddesign(CAD)software，toprintoutthemixtureintheshapeofasmallsteakthatcanthenbecooked.Itdidnotincludeanycolourant(着色剂).Itwasalightbrowncolor，similartoordinarycookedmeat.Whiletherearesomecompaniesworkingonthecreationofartificialmeatfromanimalcellsculturedinthelabs，sometimesknownas“cleanmeat”，thiskindofmeattakesalongtimetomakeandisexpensive.Scionti’smethodallowshimtoprinta100-grampieceofsteakinaround30minutes.Inadditiontocreatinganethicalmeatalternative，Sciontidesignedthemeat-freesteaktohelpinreducinggreenhousegasemissionsfromlivestock，whichaccountfor14.5percentofthecurrenttotalman-madegreenhousegasemissions.“ThelatestreportsfromtheFoodandAgricultureOrganizationoftheUnitedNations(FAO)showthatthecurrentlarge-scalelivestockbreedingisnolongersustainableglobally，”heexplained.“Ifwecontinuewiththecurrentsystem，inthefuturetherewillbelittlechanceofhavingtheresourcestodistributefoodtoeveryone，”hecontinued.“Itisforthesereasonsthatfindinganotherwayofproducinghealthyandeconomicalfoodthatcontainsallthefundamentalnutrientswillhelpustobettermanageourplanet’sfoodresources.”eq\x(语篇解读本文主要介绍了意大利的生物工程师Scionti利用3D打印技术做出了“素牛排”。)1.Sciontiowedhissuccessto.A.theadequatesupplyofmeatproductsB.theapplicationofadvancedtechnologyC.thegreatdemandformeat-freeproductsD.thegeneralsupportfromallwalksoflife答案B解析推理判断题。根据第四段内容可知，Scionti认为自己之所以能够造出“素牛排”，是因为有了3D打印技术的支持。故选B。2.Comparedwith“cleanmeat”，whatistheadvantageofScionti’ssteak?A.Includinglittlecolourant.B.Providingmorenutrition.C.Consumingmuchlesstime.D.Causingnoharmtohumans.答案C解析细节理解题。根据第六段中“...sometimesknownas‘cleanmeat’，thiskindofmeattakesalongtimetomakeandisexpensive.Scionti’smethodallowshimtoprinta100-grampieceofsteakinaround30minutes.”可知，与利用动物细胞所造的“人造肉”相比，Scionti的“素牛排”耗时更少。故选C。3.WhatisoneofScionti’spurposesindesigningthemeat-freesteak?A.Topromotethe3Dprintingtechnology.B.Toavoidglobalfoodcrisisinthefuture.C.Toprovideaffordablefoodforpoorareas.D.Tomeetconsumers’requirementsformeat.答案B解析推理判断题。根据倒数第二段最后一句和最后一段可知，Scionti希望通过这种“造肉”的方式来避免未来世界可能会出现的食物危机。故选B。B话题：种植蔬菜难度：★★IhaveneverunderstoodwhywekeepagardenandwhyyearsagowhenIboughtmyfirsthouse.Istarteddiggingupasmalllandforvegetablesbeforedoinganythingelse.Itissoeasyandcheaptobuycarrots；whyraisethem？WhenAprilcomes，Ialwaysfindmyselflookingatthatmiserableland，resolvingnottoplantitagain.Butunavoidablyamorningarriveswhen，justasIamawakening，arefreshingscent(香味)，asiffromtheverycenterofthisplanet，comesthroughthewindow.Andthesun，suddenly，seemstohaveadifferent，deeperyellowinitslightonthecarpet.Itisnotonlypleasuresendingmebacktostareatthatplotofsoil，itisrealconflict.Thequestionisthesameeachyear—whatmethodshouldweuse？Thelastfewyearsweputblackplasticbetweentherows，anditworkedperfectly.Butplasticlookssoindustrial，sounromantic，thatIhavegraduallymovedovertohay(干草).Wecutalotofhayanditdoesimprovethesoil.Besides，itlookslovelyandcomestousfree.Theattractionsofgardening，Ithink，atleastforsomegardeners，aremoral.Wheneverlifeseemspointlessanddifficulttograsp，youcanalwaysgetoutinthegardenandgetsomethingdone.Also，yourparentalinstinct(直觉)comesintoplaybecausehelplesslivingthingsaredependingonyou，requiringtrainingandprotectionfromenemies.Insomecases，aswithbeansandcucumbers，yourchildren—asitwere—begintoturnupononyouingreatnumbers，growingmoreandmoreeachmorningandthreateningtofollowyouintothehouse.eq\x(语篇解读本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，文章讲述了作者自己种蔬菜的原因。)4.Whatcanweinferabouttheauthorfromthefirstparagraph?A.Healwayslikesbuyingcarrots.B.HemakesdecisionsinApril.C.Hetakesgoodcareofthesmallland.D.Heenjoysthegardeninspring.答案D解析推理判断题。根据第一段内容可知，作者不明白自己为什么要开垦一个菜园并自己种菜。每年四月份作者看着土地一片狼藉，就会下决心不再种菜。但当某天早晨作者刚睡醒，不可避免地呼吸着从菜园飘来的清新空气，看着温暖的阳光洒在地毯上，作者却很开心，再结合第二段第一句“Itisnotonlypleasuresendingmebacktostareatthatplotofsoil...”可推知，作者喜欢春天时的这个菜园。故选D。5.Whatdrovetheauthortoabandonplastic?A.Highprice.B.Environmentalconcern.C.Poorfunction.D.Personalpreference.答案D解析细节理解题。根据第二段倒数第三句中的“Butplasticlookssoindustrial，sounromantic”和第二段最后一句“Besides，itlookslovelyandcomestousfree.”可知，作者不再使用塑料是出于个人的喜好。故选D。6.Whydoestheauthorsaytheattractionsofgardeningaremoral?A.Gardeningrequireswisdom.B.Gardeningoffersmoraladvice.C.Gardeningimprovesparenting.D.Gardeningbringsspiritualcontent.答案D解析推理判断题。根据第三段第二句“Wheneverlifeseemspointlessanddifficulttograsp，youcanalwaysgetoutinthegardenandgetsomethingdone.”可知，在生活无望或者难以掌控的时候，你总是可以在菜园找到事情做，由此可推知，作者认为种菜的乐趣是精神上的，是因为种菜能带来精神上的满足，故选D。7.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.ToGardenorNotB.WhatIGardenforC.HowtoGardenD.WisdomfromGardens答案B解析标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了作者喜欢种菜的原因，B项“我为何种菜”概括了本文主旨，最适合作文章标题。故选B。C话题：创造力难度：★★★Whenyouthinkaboutcreativity，itmightbehighlycreativepeoplelikeMozart，daVinciorEinsteinwhospringtomind.Theywereallconsideredtobe“geniuses”fortheirsomewhatuniquetalentsthatledtogreatachievementsintheirfields.Theirtypeofcreativityiswhat’sknownas“BigCcreativity”andisnotverycommonineverydaylife.Notallofuscancreateworksofartormusicorscientifictheoriesthatarenewtotheworld.Whilewecan’tallbeMozart，daVinciorEinstein，manypeopledoenjoycreativeactivity—throughhobbiessuchaspaintingorplayingthepiano.Andthesetypesofpursuitsareoftenwhatpeoplethinkofwhenaskedwhatbeingcreativelookslike.Ourfinishedpiecesmaynotbecomparablewiththelikesofthegreatmasters，butoftentheprocessmakesusfeelhappy，andtheendresultcanbeaesthetically(审美地)pleasing.Ontopofhobbiesandinterests，weallpossesscreativequalitiesthatcanhelpaswesolvelife’sproblemsandmakedecisions.Itisthistypeofcreativitythatenablesustoplandifferentroutestogettothesamedestination，orfitinatriptothesupermarketwhenourschedulelooksfull.Itmightnotsoundverycreative，butthisaspectofcreativityreliesonourabilitytoconsideroptionsandassesstheirsuitability.Italsohelpsusmakedecisionsbasedonpersonalexperienceorwhatwehavelearntformallyorinformally.Theseexamplesareknownas“smallccreativity”or“personaleverydaycreativity”.WhileBigCcreativityisvaluedandcelebrated，itisoftensmallccreativitythathasallowedhumanstodevelopoverthousandsofyears.Itsetsusapartfromotheranimalsanditisalsothetypeofcreativitythatcanbedevelopedthroughoureducationalsystemandworkplace.Traditionally，creativityhasbeenlargelyassociatedwiththearts.Teachersareoftenabletogiveexamplesofcreativeactivityinartssubjects，butfindithardertodosowhenaskedtodescribecreativityinsubjectssuchasscience.Butthereisagrowingrealizationthatopportunitiestobecreativecanbefoundacrossabroaderrangeofsubjects.Forinstance，engineeringprovidesopportunitiestobecreativethroughproblemsolving，andhistorygivestheopportunitytothinkcreativelyaboutwhyeventshappenedandwhatmotivatedthoseinvolved.Researchhasshownthattrainingteacherstoaskparticulartypesofquestionscanbeonewaytohelpencouragecreativityacrossthecurriculum.Thisisbecauselookingforsolutionstoproblemsandexplanationsisacreativeprocess.Ourresearchalsoshowshowitcanbemorehelpfultotalkabout“thinkingcreatively”ratherthan“creativity”.Thisisbecausepeopletendtosee“thinkingcreatively”asindependenceofthoughtandawillingnesstotakerisksandseeknewperspectives.Itisalsoseenasawaytoperceivenewrelationships，makenewconnectionsandgeneratenewideas.TheDurhamCreativityCommission，setupbyArtsCouncilEnglandandDurhamUniversity，aimstofindwaysinwhichcreativity，andspecificallycreativethinking，canplayalargerpartinourlives.Weareworkingalongsidepeopleineducation，aswellasinartsandsciencecommunities，collectingtheirviewsoncreativityandcreativethinking.Wewillalsobelookingacrossthesegroupstodeterminewhetherornotthereisarelationshipbetweencreativityandmobility，creativityandidentityaswellascreativityandwell-being.Wehopetobeabletoshowthatthinkingcreativelycannotonlybeencouragedandfurtheredinavarietyoffields，butalsoleadtopositiveoutcomesonapersonal，socialandeconomiclevel.Inarapidlychangingworld，creativityisimportantforpeopleandsocietyonmanylevels，itcanhelptogeneratepersonalsatisfactionandbeimportantforeconomicdevelopment.Thisiswhycreativethinkingmustbeakeypriorityineducationalenvironments.Inthesameway，creativitymustalsoberecognizedandencouragedintheworkplace.Because，afterall，it’screativethinkingthatleadstoproblemsolvingandinnovationinarangeofareas.语篇解读创造力并不专属于伟大的艺术家或科学家，而是贯穿于每一个普通人的日常生活中。创造力是推动社会发展的最关键的因素。8.Whichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribe“BigCcreativity”？A.Universal. B.Temporary.C.Confidential. D.Extraordinary.答案D解析推理判断题。根据第一段最后两句“Theirtypeofcreativityiswhat’sknownas‘BigCcreativity’andisnotverycommonineverydaylife.Notallofuscancreateworksofartormusicorscientifictheoriesthatarenewtotheworld.”可知，大C创造力并不常见，因此是“非凡的”。故选D。9.WhatdoestheunderlinedpartinParagraph2probablymean?A.Fewpeopleareascreativeasgreatgeniuses.B.Someofuscanbecomegreatmasters.C.Weseldomunderstandrealgeniuses.D.Weshouldnotlearnonlyfrommasters.答案A解析句意理解题。第二段画线部分与画线部分后的内容形成对比，说明只有极少数人才拥有像莫扎特、达·芬奇和爱因斯坦这种伟大天才的创造力。对于大多数人来说，他们的创造力都是通过兴趣爱好等活动体现的。故选A。10.Whyis“smallccreativity”important?A.Itisasrareas“BigCcreativity”.B.Itcanturnourhobbiesintocareers.C.Ithelpsusproducegreatworksofart.D.Itisfundamentaltohumandevelopment.答案D解析细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“WhileBigCcreativityisvaluedandcelebrated，itisoftensmallccreativitythathasallowedhumanstodevelopoverthousandsofyears.”可知，小c创造力之所以重要，是因为数千年来它一直推动着人类的发展。故选D。11.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph4?A.Onlygeniuseshavegreatcreativity.B.Artistsareoftenmorecreativethanscientists.C.Peoplecanshowtheircreativityinvariousfields.D.Itisalmostimpossibletothinkcreativelyinscience.答案C解析细节理解题。根据第四段倒数第二句“Butthereisagrowingrealizationthatopportunitiestobecreativecanbefoundacrossabroaderrangeofsubjects.”可知，在众多学科里，人们都可以找到机会展示他们的创造力。故选C。12.Whatdoes“thinkingcreatively”mean?A.Solvingproblemsalone.B.Beingopentoalternatives.C.Thinkinginanartisticway.D.Makingadifferencetotheworld.答案B解析推理判断题。根据第五段最后两句可知，创造性思维就是对不同的新事物持开放包容的态度。故选B。13.WhichofthefollowingmighttheDurhamCreativityCommissionagreewith?A.Creativethinkingisbeneficialbothpersonallyandsocially.B.Peopleoftenoverlookcreativethinkingintheworkplace.C.Coursesoncreativitywillsoonbeofferedinschools.D.Youridentityisusuallydecidedbyyourcreativity.答案A解析推理判断题。根据倒数第二段最后一句“Wehopetobeabletoshowthatthinkingcreativelycannotonlybeencouragedandfurtheredinavarietyoffields，butalsoleadtopositiveoutcomesonapersonal，socialandeconomiclevel.”可知，DurhamCreativityCommission认为创新思维无论对个人还是社会都是有益的。故选A。Ⅱ.任务型阅读话题：早晨三小时难度：★★★Beingproductivecanbehard.Perhapsyou’vefallenintoaroutineofgettingupatacertaintime，gettingintoworkandslumping(瘫倒)downatyourdeskorplaceofworkwithnoenergyandmotivation.Researchhasfoundthereisanidealstructuretoyourdaythatcreatesbestresultsandalsotheflexibilityyouwishfor.Theproblemwithyourcurrenttraditionofworkingisthatitforcesyoutoworkwhenyourbrainisn’tmotivated.Traditionallyyouhavealongdaytogetyourworkdoneandyourbrainneedstobeintherelaxationmodeallday，butmoreoftenit’shardforyoutofocusononethingalltheway.Accordingtotheresearch，thebestwaytoachievebestworkproductivityistofocusonthefirst3hoursofyourday.Thisisthebesttime—straightaftersleepwhenyourwillpowerandself-controlisatthemaximum.Howoftenhaveyoudraggedyourselftoworkandheadedstraightforthecoffeemachinebecauseyoucan’tpossiblyfunctionuntilyoudrinkupatleastyourthirdcupofcoffee?Thisiswhereyou’repotentiallygoingwrong—thefirst3hoursofyourdaywilleventuallymakeyouorbreakyou.It’sduringthisperiodthatyoucanmakethemostofyourday.Creatingaroutinewherethefirst3hoursofyourdayaretheintenseperiodsofworkwillactuallycauseyoutocompletethemajorityofyourworkatabestlevel，leavingtherestofthedayforyourbraintorelaxanddealwithfewerlaboriousprojects.Tocarryoutthe3-hourmorning，youshouldtryandstartaroutineofgettingupearlybecausethemorehoursyouhaveinthemorning，themoretimeyouhavetobeproductivefortherestoftheday.It’salsoessentialthatyoustartthedaywithaprotein-richbreakfast，whichmeanstherightkindoffuelforyourbrainandtherestofyourbodysoyoucanworkatyourbestlevel.Aftergettingup，youshouldensurethattherearefewerpeopletodistractyouorcauseyoustress.Tobeexact，makesureyouputawayyourphoneandmadeaconsciouseffortnottochecksocialmediaforthefirst3hours.Besides，listeningtomusicsuchassoundsofnatureisagoodwaytohelpstopoutsidenoisesfrominterruptingyourconcentration.UsingtheMorningWellIntroductionPerhapsyouareoftenunabletobeenergeticandmotivatedinthe14.ofyourwork;however，youcanworkmoreproductivelyand15.bystructuringyourday.AwaytoincreaseworkproductivityAttachimportancetothefirstthreehoursofyourdaybecausethisisthetimewhenyouhavethe16.willpowerandself-control.ImportanceofthefirstthreehoursofadayMakingfulluseofthefirst3