2021-2022学年云南省玉溪市第一中学高二上学期期中考试英语试题（解析版）2

2021-2022学年云南省玉溪市第一中学高二上学期期中考试英语试题总分：150分，考试时间：120分钟注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whydidn’tthemanwearhissuittoday?A.Heneedn’twearittoday. B.Hedidn’tgotoworktoday. C.Hedidn’tliketheit.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Didyougotoworktoday?You'renotwearingyoursuit.M:Itiscasualdayatworktoday.It'snotnecessarytowearit.Everyoneintheofficewearssomethingcomfortable.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Parentandchild. B.Airportworkerandpassenger. C.Brotherandsister.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Oh,IthinkIforgotmypassportathome.M:What?!Well,ifwereturnednow,wewouldmissourflightforsure.Maybeyoucancallourparentsforhelp.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whenwillthemanattendtheplay?A.OnWednesday. B.OnFriday. C.OnThursday.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Whenistheopeningdayofyourplay?Ifit'sThursday,Iwon'tbeabletomakeit.ButIcancomeonFriday.W:Wednesdayisthefirstnight.Butthefirstcoupleofdaysareneverthebest.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Wheredoesthemanliketowritehispaper?A.Inthelibrary. B.Inhishome. C.Intheclassroom.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:How'syourpaperforEnglishclass?Igohomeeverydayafterschoolandwriteforhours.M:It'sgoingwell.Ispendalotoftimeinthelibrary.Iliketoworktherebecauseit'squiet-Icanfocus.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】HowlongdidthewomanstayinCanadalastyear?A.Fortwomonths. B.Forfourmonths. C.Forsixmonths.【答案】C【解析】原文】M:So,youspentseveralmonthsinCanadalastyearonanexchangeprogram,isthatright?W:Yes.IspenttwomonthsinVancouverandfourmonthsinToronto.Ireallyhadagoodtimethere.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分,满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟；听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.Howmuchshouldthespeakerstip?A.8euros. B.12euros. C.16euros.7.WhatdoesthewomanthinkoftheUStippingstandard?A.It’squitelow. B.It’stoohigh. C.It’sacceptable.【答案】6.A7.B【解析】【原文】M:Let'ssharethebill.Howmuchisit?W:Sure.It's80eurosintotal,so40euroseach.M:Allright.Hereyougo.W:Huh?Whyareyougivingmeallthesecoins?M:Well,don'tyouusuallytiphereinEurope?W:Wedo.Butit'susually10%ofthetotalbill.M:Wow,that'sverylowcomparedtothestandardintheUS.W:What'stheaveragetipintheUS?M:15-20%ofthetotalbill.W:What?That'scrazy!M:Iknow.IthinkEuropeanstandardismuchmoreacceptable.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.What’sthematterwiththeman?A.Hisstomachhurts.B.Heistoofulltoeatanything.C.Thesaladheatehadgonebad.9.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Seeadoctor. B.Liedowntorest. C.Takesomemedicine.【答案】8.A9.B【解析】【原文】M:Mary,Idon'tfeeltoowell.Ihaveastomachache.W:Well,youshouldn'thaveeatenallthatpizza.M:Ididn'thavethatmuch.IthinkitmighthavebeensomethingelsethatIate.W:Whatelsedidyoueat?M:Ihadasalad.Somethinginthesaladcouldhavecausedmystomachache.W:Maybe,butIhadasalad,too,andIfeelfine.Whatdidyouputinyoursalad?M:Justoil.W:ThenIdon'tthinkitwasthesalad.Itmusthavebeenthepizza.Anyway,you'dbettergotoadoctortogetsomemedicine.M:Thanks.IthinkI'lljustliedownforawhile.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】10.Howmanycountrieswereinvolvedinthesurvey?A.45. B.81. C.94.11.Whatdomostonlinecustomersthinkoffemalemodels?A.Healthy. B.Beautiful. C.Toothin.12.Inwhichcountrymightpeoplepreferslimmodels?A.NewZealand. B.Switzerland. C.Japan.【答案】10.A11.C12.C【解析】【原文】W:Mr.Miller,yourcompanyrecentlyconductedasurveyaboutpeople'sopinionsonthebodysizeofmodels,right?M:Yeswehaveinterviewedabout25,000peoplefrom45countries.W:Whatweretheresults?M:Well,81%ofonlinecustomersagreethatfemalemodelsaretoothin.However,beingthinispartofthebeautystandardsinmoderntimes.Asaconsequence,manyyounggirlsaredoingeverythingtheycantostayslim.W:Inwhichcountriesarepeoplemoststronglyagainstthinmodels?M:Thosewiththebestqualityoflifeintheworld,suchasNewZealand,SwitzerlandandAustralia.Asmanyas94%ofthosesurveyedbelievemodelsaretoothin.Intheiropinion,beinghealthyisthemostimportant.HoweverinAsia,fewestpeoplerejectslimmestmodels.W:That'sinteresting!听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】13.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.InEngland. B.InCanada. C.InAmerica.14.Whatdoesthewoman’sfamilyusuallydoonThanksgiving?A.Donatefoodtothepoor. B.Visitherneighbors. C.Wearniceclothes.15.Whatdidpeoplemostlytalkaboutatdinnertoday?A.Sports. B.Celebrations. C.Socialproblems.16.Whattimedideveryoneleaveforhometonight?A.At9:00. B.At10:00. C.At11:00.【答案】13.B14.C15.C16.A【解析】【原文】M:ThanksforbringingmetoyourThanksgivingdinner,Ellen.W:You'rewelcome.Don'tyoucelebrateThanksgivinginEngland,too?M:Notreally.WehavesomethingcalledHarvestFestival,butitisdifferent.W:It'sdifferentinAmerica,too.InCanadahere,itisn'tasimportant.WhatisHarvestFestivallikeinyourcountry?M:Wevisitourneighborsandoffertohelpthemaroundthehouse.Itisalsothetimeofyearthatpeopledonatefoodtothepoor.W:WeusuallydothatatChristmas.ForThanksgiving,wejustputonsomeniceclothesandhaveabigdinner.M:Hearingaboutthesocialproblemsherereallyhelpedmetounderstandyourcultureandvalues.IwasexpectingtobesittingaroundandwatchingsportsonTV.Whydideveryoneleaveat9:00,anyway?W:Well,it'saschooldaytomorrow.DuringChristmas,wehaveamuchlongerholiday,sopeoplestayuntil10:00,sometimes11:00.Also,turkeydinnersalwaysmakeyouabittired.DoyouwanttocometoourChristmasdinner,too?M:Definitely!听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17.Whatarethehightemperaturesthisweekend?A.20degrees. B.28degrees. C.30degrees.18.Whatrecordwillbebrokenaccordingtothespeaker?A.Thehottestweekinadecade.B.Themostforestfiresinhistory.C.Themostsunnydaysduringsummer.19.Whatwillbeclosedfortwoweeks?A.Thewaterparks. B.Thecampsites. C.Thebeaches.20.WhateventwillbeheldinearlyAugust?A.Amarathon. B.Afireworksshow. C.Aconcertinthepark.【答案】17.B18.C19.A20.B【解析】【原文】Hereisyourweatherforecastforthenexttwoweeks.Thisweek,youwillseetemperaturesriseintothemid-20s,withlowtemperaturesof14degreesatnight.Andthisweekend,temperaturesaregoingupslightlytoahighof28degreesandalowof17degrees.Thenwe'llseehightemperatureshit30degreesthefollowingweek,withsimilarlowtemperatures.Itwon'tbeashotaslastsummer,whenwebroketherecordforthehottestweekinadecade.Butwewillhavethemostsunnydaysofanysummerinhistory.Asalways,firewarningsandrulesaboutwaterusewillbeineffect,especiallyatthecampsites.Sopleasebecarefulandstaysafe.Thebeachesopeneduptwoweeksago.However,duetowateruserules,waterparkswillbeclosedforthenext14days.Ofcourse,summermeansactivities,andourannualmarathonwillberuninearlyJune.ThefireworksshowisscheduledforthebeginningofAugust,andtheconcertintheparkwilltakeplacefromAugust22ndto23rd.I'mBenHawkes,andthat'syourweatherreport.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分,满分30分）阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中,选出最佳选项。AThemeparksaremagicalplaceswhereadultscanactlikechildrenwhohavethetimeoftheirlives.Herearethetopfourthemeparksacrosstheworld.FerrariWorld—YasIsland,AbuDhabiAbuDhabiintheMiddleEastishometotheworld’slargestindoorthemepark.ThemainattractionistheFormulaRossa-officiallythefastestrollercoasterintheworld.Theridegoesfrom0to239kilometresperhourinlessthanfiveseconds.Theforceissostrongthatthosebraveenoughtogoonithavetowearsafetyglasses.Tickets:£40peradultandhalfpriceforchildrenunder1.2metrestall.AltonTowers—StaffordshireAltonTowersisthemostvisitedthemeparkintheUK.Theparkoffersridessuchasthepopular800-metre-longrollercoaster.Orifyou’reinterestedinexperiencingthesenseofflying,headforthefamousrideAir,whereyou’llneedtoavoidobjectsandtreesasyoufly.Theparkalsohasmanyotherattractions,includingliveshows.Tickets:£43peradultand£21perchild.Childrenundertheageof3getinforfree.DisneylandParis—ParisDisneylandPariscreatesafantasyworldthatbothchildrenandadultscanenjoy.DisneylandTickets:£34peradultand£27perchild.Childrenundertheageof3getinforfree.OakwoodIfyouareeagertoexperiencefastturnsanddrops,thenthisistheparkforyou.BebraveandgoontheMegafobiarollercoaster,awoodencoastermakingyouscream.Tickets:£48foradults,£22perchild.Childrenunder3yearsgetinforfree.21.Wherecanliveshowsbeenjoyedaccordingtothetext?A.InFerrariWorld. B.InAltonC.InDisneylandParis. D.InOakwood22.Howmuchshouldacouplewiththeir2-year-olddaughterpayinDisneylandParis?A.£61. B.£68.C.£86. D.£95.23.Whatdoalltheparkshave?A.Indooractivities. B.TherideAir.C.Therollercoaster. D.Thecastle.【答案】21.B22.B23.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个著名的主题公园，成人也可以在这里痛快地玩耍。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据AltonTowers部分第一段“Theparkalsohasmanyotherattractions,includingliveshows.(这个公园也有很多其他吸引人的娱乐项目，包括现场表演)”可知，我们可以在AltonTowers观看现场表演。故选B项。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据DisneylandParis部分第一段“Tickets:£34peradultand£27perchild.Childrenundertheageof3getinforfree.(票价：每位成人34英镑，每个儿童27英镑。三岁以下的儿童免费入场)”可知，一对夫妇按照两张成人票计算，需要68英镑。2岁的孩子由于三岁以下免费的规定，可以免费入场。故选B项。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据FerrariWorld部分第一段“ThemainattractionistheFormulaRossa-officiallythefastestrollercoasterintheworld.(最吸引人的是“罗莎方程式”。它是官方公认的世界上最快的过山车)”和AltonTowers部分第一段“Theparkoffersridessuchasthepopular800-metre-longrollercoaster.(公园里有很多游乐设施，比如广受欢迎的长达800米的过山车)”和DisneylandParis部分第一段“Excitingrollercoasterswillkeepthewholefamilyentertainedforhoursonend.(令人兴奋的过山车会让全家人连续开心地玩耍好几个小时)”和OakwoodThemePark部分第一段“BebraveandgoontheMegafobiarollercoaster,awoodencoastermakingyouscream.(勇敢一点，去乘坐Megafobia过山车吧，一个木制的过山车会让你尖叫)”可知，四个主题公园都提供了过山车这样惊险刺激的游乐项目。故选C项。BKatherineJohnsonwhoselifewasdescribedinthemovieHiddenFiguresdiedonFebruary24,2020,aged101.The2016moviedescribesarealstoryofsomefemaleAfrican-AmericanmathematicianswhojoinedtheNationalAeronauticsandSpaceAdministration(NASA)andledamissiontoputthefirstmanonthemooninthe1950swhenracialdiscrimination(种族歧视)waswidespread.“NASAisdeeplysaddenedbythelossofaleaderfromourpioneeringdays,”saidNASAadministratorJimBridenstineonthewebpageofNASA.“Ms.Johnsonhelpedournationpushtheboundariesofspaceandshealsoplayedanimportantroleinopeningdoorsforwomenandpeopleofcolortoexplorespace.AtNASAwewillneverforgethercourageandleadershipandtheachievementswecouldnothavereachedwithouther.”JohnsonwasborninWestVirginiain1918.ShegraduatedfromWestVirginiaStateHerlifechangedin1952afteralongcareerbreak.Arelativetoldheraboutopenpositionsattheall-blackWestAreaComputingsectionattheNationalAdvisoryCommitteeforAeronautics’sLangleylaboratory,andshebegantoworkfortheaerospace(航空航天)industryatLangleythenextyear.NASAdependedonhumansforcomplicatedaerospacecalculationastherewasnohigh-functioningelectroniccomputer.Femalemathematiciansusuallytookthejobastheirsalarywaslower.JohnsonwasoneofthoseAfrican-Americanhumancomputers.JohnsonwasinitiallyinchargeofaerospaceanalysisandthenaspacedevelopmentmissionwhenNASAwaslaunchedin1958.Thensheworkedforthe1961suborbital(亚轨道的)flightofastronautAlanShepard.Johnsoncontinuedtoparticipateinmissionsaftersheretiredin1986.HerhiddenachievementswerefinallypublicizedwhenBarackObamaawardedherthePresidentialMedalofFreedomin2015andherdramaticlifewasmadeintoamovie.24.WhatdidBridenstine’swordsinthesecondparagraphmainlywanttotellus?A.ToshowNASA’sappreciationforJohnson’sleadership.B.ToexpressallAmericans’regretoverJohnson’sdeath.C.ToshowJohnson’scontributionstospaceexploration.D.ToemphasizeNASA’sachievementsinspaceexploration.25.WhydidNASAdependonhumansforcomplexaerospacecalculation?A.Itwascheapertohirehumans.B.Thecomputersatthattimeweren’tadvancedenough.C.Itcouldn’taffordtobuyelectroniccomputers.D.Humansweremoreaccuratethancomputersincalculation.26.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.Johnsonworkedfortheaerospaceindustryforatleast33years.B.Johnsonusedtoworkinaprivateschool.C.JohnsonstarredinthemovieHiddenFigures.D.JohnsonwasthefirstwomantoattendgraduateschoolintheUnitedStates.27.Whatistheauthor’sintentioninwritingthispassage?A.TopromoteHiddenFigures.B.Tohighlightthegreatnessofwomen.C.TotellreadersachievementsmadebyNASA.D.TohonorthegreatmathematicianKatherineJohnson.【答案】24.C25.B26.A27.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文，主要缅怀了一位名为KatherineJohnson的非裔美国女性数学家，对其在美国航空航天事业中做出的巨大贡献表达敬意。【24题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段““Ms.Johnsonhelpedournationpushtheboundariesofspaceandshealsoplayedanimportantroleinopeningdoorsforwomenandpeopleofcolortoexplorespace.AtNASAwewillneverforgethercourageandleadershipandtheachievementswecouldnothavereachedwithouther.”(“约翰逊帮助我们国家打破了太空的界限，她还在为女性和有色人种打开探索太空的大门方面发挥了重要作用。在NASA，我们永远不会忘记她的勇气和领导力，以及没有她我们不可能取得的成就。”)”可知，Bridenstine的话是表明了KatherineJohnson在太空探索方面取得的巨大成就和贡献。故选C项。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“NASAdependedonhumansforcomplicatedaerospacecalculationastherewasnohigh-functioningelectroniccomputer.(美国宇航局依靠人类进行复杂的航天计算，因为当时并没有功能强大的电子计算机。)”可知，NASA依靠人类进行复杂的航天计算是因为当时的计算机功能并不先进，无法进行复杂的计算。故选B项。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“Herlifechangedin1952afteralongcareerbreak.(在经历了漫长的职业休业后，她的生活在1952年发生了改变。)和“andshebegantoworkfortheaerospace(航空航天)industryatLangleythenextyear.(第二年，她开始在Langley的航空航天行业工作。)”和最后一段“Johnsoncontinuedtoparticipateinmissionsaftersheretiredin1986.(约翰逊在1986年退休后继续参与任务)”可知，KatherineJohnson从1953年开始至1986年退休，至少33年中为航空航天局工作。故选A项。【27题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“HerhiddenachievementswerefinallypublicizedwhenBarackObamaawardedherthePresidentialMedalofFreedomin2015andherdramaticlifewasmadeintoamovie.(2015年，贝拉克·奥巴马授予她总统自由勋章，她传奇般的人生被拍成电影，而且以前不为人知的成就终于被公开。)”可知，这篇文章主要是为了向伟大的数学家KatherineJohnson致敬。故选D项。CInacountryknownforhigh-techambitionsandgiantstate-ownedfirms,thesufferingofstreethawkers(小贩)mayseeminsignificant.ButinChinathesedays,peoplelikeShuiJin,anoldladyridingawoodencartfilledwithfruit,areinthespotlight.Facedwithrisingunemployment,officialshaveconcludedthatpavementstands(货摊)canhelpsolvetheeconomy’sproblems.ShuiJin,whousedtofacethedangerofheavyfines,maysellherfruitwithmoreconfidenceassheslowlymakesherwaythroughthenarrowlanesofSuzhou.Herfamilyneedsthemoney.Bothherdaughters-in-lawrecentlylosttheirjobs,amongthetensofmillionsofpeopleinChinahurtbytheCOVID-19outbreak.Thegovernment’ssupportforstreethawkersissomethingofanabout-turn.Foryearstheauthoritiespushedouthawkers,tryingtotidyupthechaosthatoncecharacterizedChina’scities.Inthenameof“civilizing”urbanlife,theywantedtoseedumplings,plastictoysandT-shirtssoldinsideshoppingmalls,notfromthebackofcarts.ButonJune1stPremierLiKeqiangsignalledachange.StoppingbyasnackstandinthecityofYantai,hedeclaredthatstreethawkersandsmallshopswerevitaltotheeconomy.“Onlywhenthepeopleareingoodshapecanthenationbeingoodshape,”hesaid.Mr.Li’sstatementhasproducedafeelingofexcitementabouttherevival(复苏)ofChina’s“street-standeconomy”.Atleast27provincesandcitieshaveannouncedthattheywillcreatemarketsforhawkersor,insomecases,letthemmovetheirthingsbeingsoldontothepavementinfrontoftheirshops.TheshiningexampleisChengdu,wherestreetstandswerebannedinthepastbutnowhawkershavesetupanumberofstandssinceMarch.Morethan100,000jobshavebeencreatedintheprocess.28.Accordingtothepassage,whatusedtohappentostreethawkersinChina?A.Cleaningthestreet. B.Runningashop.C.Beinggivenheavyfines. D.Beinginthespotlight.29.Whichofthefollowingcanbestreplacetheunderlinedpart“anabout-turn”inparagraph3?A.anincident. B.acomfort.C.aninspiration. D.acompletechange.30.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.China’sstreet-standeconomyhasalonghistory.B.Chinaturnstoonce-bannedhawkerstoreviveitseconomy.C.Chinahashigh-techambitionsandgiantstate-ownedfirms.D.Chinaisnowfacedwithrisingunemployment.31.WhichwritingmethodisNOTusedinthelastparagraph?A.Quotingthesaying. B.Givingexamples.C.Makingacomparison. D.Listingstatistics.【答案】28.C29.D30.B31.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道。短文报道了如今的中国，面对新冠状病毒导致的不断上升的失业率，官方鼓励地摊经济以此帮助解决普通百姓的经济问题。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“ShuiJin,whousedtofacethedangerofheavyfines,maysellherfruitwithmoreconfidenceassheslowlymakesherwaythroughthenarrowlanesofSuzhou.（水金，曾经面临着高额罚款的危险，在苏州狭窄的小巷里慢慢地走着，她可能会更有信心地卖掉她的水果。）”可知，中国的街头小贩过去会被处以高额罚款。故选C。【29题详解】词句猜测题。根据第三段的“Foryearstheauthoritiespushedouthawkers,tryingtotidyupthechaosthatoncecharacterizedChina’scities.Inthenameof“civilizing”urbanlife,theywantedtoseedumplings,plastictoysandT-shirtssoldinsideshoppingmalls,notfromthebackofcarts.ButonJune1stPremierLiKeqiangsignalledachange.StoppingbyasnackstandinthecityofYantai,hedeclaredthatstreethawkersandsmallshopswerevitaltotheeconomy.（多年来，当局一直在驱逐摊贩，试图清理一度成为中国城市特征的混乱局面。在“文明”城市生活的名义下，他们希望看到饺子、塑料玩具和t恤在商场里出售，而不是在手推车后面出售。但6月1日，李克强总理发出了改变的信号。他在烟台市的一个小吃店停下脚步，宣布街头小贩和小商店对经济至关重要。）”可知，政府对街头小贩的支持有了彻底的转变。故划线短语意思为“彻底改变”，即acompletechange，故选D。【30题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第二段中“Facedwithrisingunemployment,officialshaveconcludedthatpavementstands(货摊)canhelpsolvetheeconomy’sproblems.（面对不断上升的失业率，官员们得出结论，街头摊贩有助于解决经济问题。）”可知面对不断上升的失业率，官员们得出结论，人行道上的摊位可以帮助解决经济问题。结合文章主要说如今的中国，面对新冠状病毒导致的不断上升的失业率，官方鼓励地摊经济以此帮助解决普通百姓的经济问题。由此可知，这篇文章的主旨是中国转向曾经被禁止的小贩来振兴经济，即Chinaturnstoonce-bannedhawkerstoreviveitseconomy，故选B。【31题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Atleast27provincesandcities（至少27个省市）”和“Morethan100,000jobs（10万多个）”可知，最后一段用了列统计数据的写作方法；由最后一段的“TheshiningexampleisChengdu,wherestreetstandswerebannedinthepastbutnowhawkershavesetupanumberofstandssinceMarch.（成都是一个典型的例子，该市过去禁止摊贩，但自今年3月以来，摊贩们已经建立了一些摊贩。）”可知，最后一段用了举例和对比的方法，因此本段没有用到的方法是A选项“Quotingthesaying（引用话）”，故选A。DWhydohumanbeingsstillrisktheirlivesundergroundanddoingoneofthedirtiestandmostdangerousjobsintheworld?Itisanincreasinglyurgentquestion,giventherecentminingaccidentsinSago,W.VaandHuntington,Robotictechnology,inparticular,holdsmuchpromise,McAteersays,especiallywhenitcomestomappingminesandrescuingtrappedminers—thespecialoperationsoftheminingindustry.OneofthefirstminingrobotswasdevelopedfiveyearsagoatCarnegieThelatestdesigniscalledCaveCrawler.It’sabitsmallerthanGroundhog,andevenmoreadvanced.Itcantakephotosandvideosandhasmoresensorsthatcandetectthepresenceofdangerousgases.Incredibly,therobothasarealsenseoflogic.Ifitcomesacrossanobstacle(障碍)itgetsmomentarilyconfused.Ithastothinkaboutwhattodoandwheretogonext.Sometimesitthrowsafitjustlikearealperson.Thegreatestproblem,though,iscost.Themoneyoftheearliestresearchprojectwasprovidedbythegovernment,butthatmoneyhaddriedup,andit’snotclearwherefuturemoneywillcomefrom.Partlyforthatreason,andpartlybecauseofadvancesinsafety,miningisnotnearlyasdangerousasitwasinthepast.Since1990,fatalities(死亡)havedeclinedby67%andinjuriesby51%,accordingtotheNationalMiningAssociation.Someexpertspredictthatrobotsinmineswillservemuchofthesamefunctionthattheydointheautomotiveindustry.Therobotsdothemostboringanddangerousjobs,butwon’tgetridoftheneedforhumanworkers.32.WhyisthelatestrobotmoreadvancedthanGroundhog?A.Itactslikearealperson. B.Ithasmoresensors.C.It’ssmallerthanGroundhog. D.Ithasarealsenseoflogic.33.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.Theminingrobotswillhaveaverypromisingfuture.B.Therewillbenoneedforhumanworkersinmines.C.Robotsinmineswillservemuchintheautomotiveindustry.D.Robotsinminesdosomesimplejobsnow.34.Whatcanwelearnfromthispassage?A.Theminingrobotsdomostoftheminingworkatpresent.B.Groundhogcandiscoverthepresenceofdangerousgases.C.Expertsaretryingtomakerobotshelpminerswithdangerouswork.D.Thisresearchprojecthasbeenwellfundedbygovernment.35.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.MiningAccidentsinAmericaB.Cavecrawler,theLatestRobotC.RobotsinMinesD.TheFutureofRobots【答案】32.D33.A34.C35.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了科学家们不断推陈出新，提升机器人性能，让它们在采矿业，发挥巨大功能，替代人们完成种种危险环境下的工作。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Incredibly,therobothasarealsenseoflogic.(令人难以置信的是，这种机器人居然有真正的逻辑思考能力)”可知，比起Groundhog，最新研制的机器人更先进之处是它有逻辑思考能力。故选D项。【33题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Someexpertspredictthatrobotsinmineswillservemuchofthesamefunctionthattheydointheautomotiveindustry.(一些专家预测，煤矿中的机器人将发挥与汽车行业相同的功能)”可知，采矿机器人未来的前途很光明。故选A项。【34题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Itusedlasersto“see”indarktunnelsandmapabandonedmines—someofthemostdangerousworkinthebusiness.(它使用激光在黑暗的隧道中“看到”，并绘制废弃矿井的地图，而这恰恰是行业中最危险的工作之一。)”可知，专家们正在通过不断研发更先进的机器人，替代采矿人员从事危险性很高的工作。故选C项。【35题详解】标题判断题。根据第一段“Asmallgroupofengineersandroboticsexpertslookforwardtoadayinthenot-too-distantfuturewhenrobotsandothertechnologydomostofthedangerousminingwork.(一小组工程师和机器人专家期待着在不远的将来，机器人和其他技术可以完成大部分危险的采矿工作。)”和最后一段“Someexpertspredictthatrobotsinmineswillservemuchofthesamefunctionthattheydointheautomotiveindustry.(一些专家预测，煤矿中的机器人将发挥与汽车行业相同的功能)”可知，全文主要介绍日益先进的机器人如何在采矿业发挥巨大的作用，替代人类完成很多危险性很高的工作。故选C项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分,满分10分）根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Whenchoosingyourdreamcareer,itisimportantthatyoufirstknowyourselfwell.Thebestwaytobeginisthroughself-explorationwhichwillallowyoutouncovermoreaboutyourpersonalinterests,skills,personality,andvalues.____36____Interestsareimportantconsiderationswhenchoosingacareer.Byfocusingonyourinterests,youcandeterminewhichcareeroptionswouldprovideyouwiththehighestsatisfactionandasenseofenjoyment.____37____Jobsatisfactioncontributestoapositiveattitudeatwork,whichinturnwillaffectyourchancesofgainingsuccessinyourcareer.Thenextthingyouhavetoconsideristheskillsyouown.____38____Theseskillscanbeeitherhardskillsorsoftskills.Andyouneedtodeterminewhichofthoseskillsaretransferable(可转移的).Transferableskillsarenotspecifictoonejob,soyoucanapplythemtoavarietyofdifferentjobs.Havingtherightskillsetisthekeythatopensawholenewfieldofcareerpossibilitiesforyou.Youmayevenbesurprisedatthenumberofcareeroptionsthatareagoodfitwiththeskillsyoucurrentlyhave.____39____Youwillneedtoassessyourindividualpersonality,motivationaldrive,needsandattitudestofindacareerthathasthebestfitwithyourpersonality.Forexample,asalespersongenerallyneedstobenaturallyoutgoing.Anotherimportantfactortoconsiderinyourdecisionwhenchoosingadreamcareerisyourvalues.____40____Andthescaleofyourvaluesisbasedonyourattitudesandbeliefsaboutwhatisimportantinlife.A.Valuesarerelevanttoyourbeliefs.B.Whatarethethingsyouaregoodat?C.Interestsarealsoimportantforyourchoice.D.Choosingadreamcareerwillhaveaninfluenceonyourskills.E.Ifyouenjoyyourjob,youwillbemoremotivatedtodoyourjobwell.F.Oneormoreofthesefactorsmayhaveagreatinfluenceonyourchoiceofcareers.G.It’sequallyimportanttotakepersonalityintoaccountwhenyou’rechoosingthedreamcareer.【答案】36.F37.E38.B39.G40.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了影响职业选择的几个因素。【36题详解】根据上文“Whenchoosingyourdreamcareer,itisimportantthatyoufirstknowyourselfwell.Thebestwaytobeginisthroughself-explorationwhichwillallowyoutouncovermoreaboutyourpersonalinterests,skills,personality,andvalues.”（选择理想职业时，首先要充分了解自己，这一点很重要。最好的开始方式是通过自我探索，这将让你更多地了解你的个人兴趣、技能、个性和价值观）可知，此处承接上文，说明这几个因素会影响你的职业选择，选项中的thesefactors指代的就是上文personalinterests,skills,personality,andvalues，故F项（这些因素中的一个或多个可能对你的职业选择有很大的影响）符合语境。故选F。【37题详解】根据上文“Interestsareimportantconsiderationswhenchoosingacareer.Byfocusingonyourinterests,youcandeterminewhichcareeroptionswouldprovideyouwiththehighestsatisfactionandasenseofenjoyment.”（在选择职业时，兴趣是重要的考虑因素。通过关注你的兴趣，你可以确定哪些职业选择会给你带来最高的满足感和快乐感）可知，此处总结上文，说明按自己的兴趣选择职业的积极结果，选项中的enjoy与上文interests呼应，故E项（如果你喜欢你的工作，你就会更有动力去做好你的工作）符合语境。故选E。【38题详解】根据上文“Thenextthingyouhavetoconsideristheskillsyouown.”（接下来你要考虑的是你拥有的技能）可知，此处承接上文，说明要知道自己擅长什么，选项中的aregoodat与上文theskillsyouown呼应，且下文“Theseskillscanbeeitherhardskillsorsoftskills.”（这些技能可以是硬技能，也可以是软技能）就是对自己擅长什么样技能的举例说明，故B项（你擅长什么?）符合语境。故选B。【39题详解】此处位于句首，为本段主题句，根据下文“Youwillneedtoassessyourindividualpersonality,motivationaldrive,needsandattitudestofindacareerthathasthebestfitwithyourpersonality.”（你需要评估你的个性、动机、需求和态度，以找到最适合你个性的职业）可知，本段在强调个性对职业选择的重要性，故G项（在你选择理想职业时，把个性考虑在内同样重要）符合语境。故选G。【40题详解】根据下文“Andthescaleofyourvaluesisbasedonyourattitudesandbeliefsaboutwhatisimportantinlife.”（你的价值尺度是基于你对生活中什么东西最重要的态度和信念）可知，此处应说明价值观和信仰的关系，故A项（价值观与你的信仰有关）符合语境。故选A。第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Armedwithtwoover-packedsuitcases,wearrivedattheairportjustintimeformyflight.AsIwatchedherunloadmyluggage,Icouldseethe____41____inhereyes.Onelasthugandafinalgood-bye,andIwouldbeonmywaytoanewlife____42____