Unit5IntotheunknownUnderstandingideas同步检测练2021-2022学年高中英语外研版选择性必修第四册 含答案

Unit5Intotheunknown----Understandingideas

一、单句语法填空

1.Youmustgrowthese(tropic)flowersinaglasshouse.

2.InthePacificsuchstormsarecalled(cyclone),but

intheAtlanticaretypicallycalledhurricanes.

3.Acknowledgeyoursuccessesalongwithyour

(downfall).

4.He(abandon)byhisfatherwhenhewasthreemonths

old.

5.Ifyoudon'tconcentratemoreonyourwork,you'11

(dismiss).

二、阅读理解

TheruinsofaMayacityhavebeendiscoveredinGuatemalawith

thehelpoftheremotesensingtechniqueLiDAR.Thislostcity

envelopssites1ikeTikal,Holmul,andWitzna,butshowsthat

thesefamousareasareasmallpartofthislosturbannetwork.

HiddenunderthejunglesoftheMayaBiosphereReservesite,

morethan60,000human-madefeatures一homes,canals,highways,

andmore一havebeenidentifiedinaerialimagescollectedby

someinternationalresearchersheadedbythePAGUNAM

Foundation,aMayaculturalandnaturalheritageorganization.

Thosehaveexpertsrethinkingtheoutlinesandcomplexityof

theMayaEmpire.

Theseancientpeoplesobviouslycreatedtheseimaginative

culturesbasedontheirknownrelics（遗迹），butthenew

researchhassuggestedthatthesizeofthislostsocietyis

farbeyondwhatexpertsimagined.Thefindingswillbeexplored

inaone-hourdocumentarycalledLostTreasuresoftheMaya

SnakeKings,tobebroadcastontheNationalGeographic

Channel.

ThisbreakthroughwaspossiblethankstoLiDARsensors,

whichcansurveylandsin3Dbybouncingpulsesofftheground

fromunmannedairvehiclesandothers.LiDARisexceptionally

usefulfordetectingarcheological（考古的）sites,asitgets

throughjunglesandotherfeaturesthatholdupexplorationon

theground.Thetechniquehasmademanydiscoveriesbecomea

realityinrecentyears.Forinstance,majorfindsatAngkor,

CambodiaandCaracol,Belizecanexplainwhatitdid.Thefinal

goalistosurveyGuatemala'slowlandswithit.

“Thereareentirecitieswedidn,tknowaboutnowshowing

upinthesurveydata,“FranciscoEstrada-Belli,oneofthe

leadarcheologistsontheproject,saidinNatGeo,scoming

documentary."Thereare20,000squarekilometresmoretobe

exploredandtherearegoingtobehundredsofcitiesaboutthe

mysteriouspeoplewhobuiltthisurbannetworktherethatwe

don'tknowabout,andwewillpushbackthefrontierswiththe

technology,“headded.

1.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“Those“inParagraph2refer

to?

A.Jungles.B.Human-madefeatures.

C.Researchers.D.Aerialimages.

2.WhatdoestheauthorwanttoconveyinParagraph4?

A.TheworkingprincipleofLiDARsensors.

B.TheprocessofresearchingMayacivilization.

C.GreatimportanceofGuatemalanslowlands.

D.LiDAR,scontributiontodiscoveringtherelics.

3.WhichwordscanbestdescribethelostMayacity?

A.Smallandhidden.

B.Famousandhigh-tech.

C.Vastandcomplex.

D.Fully-exploredandimaginative.

4.Whatwillthearcheologistsdonext?

A.Continuetoexploretheunknown.

B.UpgradetheLiDARtechnology.

C.Studythedocumentarycarefully.

D.Buildamassiveurbannetwork.

三、阅读填句

DifferentCultures

TheculturesoftheEastandtheWestreallydistinguish

themselvesfromeachotheralot.1.

TheoriginoftheEasterncultureismainlyfromtwo

countries:ChinaandIndia.Bothofthetwoculturesare

developedbyrivers一theYellowRiverinChinaandtheIndus

RiverinIndia.2

WhenthetwomotherriversgavebirthtotheEasternculture,

anotherfamousculturewasbroughtupontheMesopotamian

plain（美索不达米亚平原）一theMesopotamianCivilization.This

civilizationlaterondevelopedintotheculturesofAncient

RomeandAncientGreek.3LiketheChineseculture,the

Europeanculturealsocrossedwaters.WhentheBritishsettled

downinAmerica,theirculturewentwiththemovertheAtlantic

Ocean.SotheAmericanculturedoesn'tdistinguishitselffrom

theEuropeanculturealot.

4Takethelanguagesystemforexample.IntheEast,

mostlanguagesbelongtothepictographiclanguagewhilethe

WesternlanguagesaremostlybasedontheLatinsystem.Other

causeslikehumanracedifferencescountaswell.Butwhat

smore,duetothefardistanceandthesteepareasbetweenthe

EastandtheWest,thetwoculturesseldomcommunicateuntil

recentcenturies.Sotheygrewuptotallyintheirownwayswith

almostnointerference（干预）fromtheother.

Thedifferencesareeverywhere.5Butdifferent

culturesmaketheworldinthe21stcenturymorevaried.The

culturalgapshouldnotbetheobstacletothecivilizationof

humanbeings.Itoughttobethemotivationforourgoing

farther.

A.Letusworktogethertokeepavarietyofcultures.

B.OneimportantthingistolearnabouttheotherJsculture.

C.Andthesetwoarewell-knownasthebaseoftheEuropean

culture.

D.Thisisbecausetheculturesystemsaretwoseparatesystems

onthewhole.

E.Theyhelpedthetwoculturesdevelopforcenturiesandform

theirownstyles.

F.Theyareobviousandaffectpeople'swaysofthinkingand

theirviewsoftheworld.

G.Atthesametime,someotherdifferencesaddtothecultural

differences.

四、语法填空

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的

正确形式。

Doyouwanttolearnaforeignlanguage?Chooseoneofthe

mostl.(use)languagessuggestedbelowtolearn.

Inmostcountriesallovertheworld,Englishisthemost

widelyusedsecondlanguage.Whetherapersonistravellingto

aforeigncountryorcommunicating2.peoplefromother

3.(country)forbusinesspurposes,Englishisone

languagewhichwillcomeinhandyateverystep.

Spanishisthelanguageofbusinessinabouttwenty

countries.TherearemanyjobsintheUnitedStatesaswellas

inmanyothercountries,whichspeciallyaskforpeople

4.knowhowtospeakandwriteSpanish.

TheChineseeconomyisbooming!Inthefuture,China

5.(become)theleaderoftheworldeconomy,which

makes6.theperfecttimetolearnMandarin,alanguage

7.(speak)bymillionsofpeople.

French8.(recognize)asoneofthetoplanguages

tolearn,9.(simple)becauseitisachieflanguage

innorthernandwesternAfrica.Anyonetryingtounderstand

EuropeanhistorycanbenefitalotfromlO.(learn)this

language.

一、单句语法填空

1.tropical

2.cyclones

3.downfalls

4.wasabandoned

5.bedismissed

二、阅读理解

l.Bo词义猜测题。根据第二段“隐藏在玛雅生物圈保护区的丛林之

下，由帕格纳姆基金会（一个玛雅文化和自然遗产组织）领导的一些

国际研究人员收集的航拍图像中发现了6万多处人类活动场所一一

房屋、运河、公路等。”可知，代词those指的是人造景观，包括房

屋、运河、公路等，故Those指Human-madefeatureso故选B。

2.Do段落大意题。根据第四段“这一突破之所以成为可能，是因为

激光雷达传感器，它可以通过无人机和其他设备发射的脉冲从地面

反弹，以3D方式测量地面……近年来，这项技术的许多发现已成为

现实。可知，本段主要介绍了LiDAR技术在发现遗址方面起到的重大

作用，旨在突出这一技术的贡献和重要性。故选D。

3.Co推理判断题。根据第一段“这个失落的城市包围着像蒂卡尔、

霍尔木尔和威茨纳这样的地方，但也表明这些著名的地区只是这个

失落的城市网格的一小部分”，第三段“但新的研究表明，这个失落

的社会的规模远远超出了专家的想象”；以及最后一段“还有2万平

方千米的土地有待探索，将会有数百个城市，神秘人在那里建立了

我们不知道的城市网络。”可判断，玛雅城是广袤的；根据第二段中

Thosehaveexpertsrethinkingtheoutlinesandcomplexityof

theMayaEmpire.这些让专家们重新思考玛雅帝国的轮廓和复杂性。

可判断出，玛雅城是复杂的。因此，玛雅城是广袤和复杂的。故选C。

4.Ao推理判断题。根据最后一段“还有2万平方公里的土地有待探

索，将会有数百个城市；神秘人在那里建立了我们不知道的城市网

络，我们将利用这一技术开拓新的领域。”由此判断出，这些考古学

家们将继续利用这一技术开拓新的领域，探索未知的地方。故选A。

三、阅读填句

1.Do考查过渡句。上文说东西方文化真的有很大不同，D项说明了

原因，符合语境。故选D项。

2.Eo考查承上启下句。根据"Bothofthetwoculturesare

developedbyrivers一theYellowRiverinChinaandtheIndus

RiverinIndia”可知，中国的母亲河是黄河，而印度的母亲河则是

印度河。E项与上句为承接关系，其中They指代的是黄河和印度河。

故选E项。

3.Co考查承上启下句。C项中的thesetwo与上文中提到的古罗马

文化和古希腊文化相对应。故选C项。

4.Go考查主旨句。空处为本段段首句。空后内容讲述的是东西方文

化采用了不同的语言体系。这是两种文化的又一不同之处。综合选项

可知，G项符合语境，引出下文。

5.Fo考查承上启下句。根据上一句"Thedifferencesare

everywhere”可知，本句应进一步论述它们的影响。分析选项可知，F

项符合语境。

四、语法填空

1.useful考查形容词。句意：选择下面建议的最有用的语言

之一来学习。该空修饰名词languages,应用形容词，故填useful。

2.with考查介词。句意:无论一个人是去外国旅游，还是出

于商业目的和其他国家的人交流，英语是迟早会派上用场的一门语

言。communicatewithsb.意为“与某人交流”，是固定搭配，故填

withe

3.countries考查名词