四川省泸州市高三第二次教学质量诊断性考试英语试题

泸州市高2020级第二次教学质量诊断性考试英语本试卷分为试题卷和答题卡两部分,其中试题卷由第I卷(选择题)和第II卷(非选择题)组成,共10页;答题卡共2页。满分150分,考试时间120分钟。注意事项：1.答题前,考生务必在答题卡上将自己的学校、班级、姓名用0.5毫米黑色签字笔填写清楚,同时用2B铅笔将考号准确填涂在“考号”栏目内。2.选择题使用2B铅笔填涂在答题卡对应题目标号的位置上,如需改动,用橡皮擦擦干净后再选涂其它答案;非选择题用0.5毫米黑色签字笔书写在答题卡的对应框内,超出答题区域书写的答案无效;在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。3.考试结束后将答题卡收回。第I卷(选择题,共100分)第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)做题时,先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试题上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatdoesthewomanmainlyplainabout?A.Theweather.B.Thecat.C.Herhusband.2.WhendidMrs.Jenkins＇toothstarttoache?A.Yesterdayafternoon.B.Yesterdayevening.C.Thismorning.3.Whatdoesthemanwanttohaveinhiscoffee?A.Cream.B.Milk.C.Sugar.4.Whattimeisitnow?A.10:50pm.B.11:00pm.C.11:30pm.5.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inacafe.B.Inagym.C.Inarestaurant.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。6.WhatjobisJaneapplyingfor?A.Asalesperson.B.Awaitress.C.Ateacher.7.WhatdoesJohnadviseJanetochange?A.Herclothes.B.Herhandbag.C.Herhairstyle.听第7段材料,回答第8、9题。8.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Relatives.B.Schoolmates.C.Musicianandfan.9.WhydoesGaryfeelnervousabouttheperformance?A.Heisnotgoodatsinging.B.Hewillperforminfrontofhisfamily.C.Hestartedplayingtheguitarashorttimeago.听第8段材料,回答第10至12题。10.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Gardeningskills.B.Theirfavouritefood.C.TheharvestinPaula’shomegarden.11.WhatdidStuart’smomfailtogrow?A.Strawberries.B.Potatoes.C.Beans.12.WhatwillStuartdonext?A.Buyanicecream.B.HelpPaula’sfather.C.Learntomakepies.听第9段材料,回答第13至16题。13.WhatisFrankprobablydoingnow?A.Buyingvegetables.B.Workinginthegarden.C.Doingresearchoninsects.14.WheredidFrankfindaninsectlastnight?A.Inthebedroom.B.Inthelivingroom.C.Inthekitchen.15.WhatdoesAlicethinkoftheinsectkillerusedbyFrank?A.Itisuselesstomostinsects.B.Itmightbeharmfultopeople.C.Ithasbeenprovedsafetouse.16.HowdidAlicefindoutaboutthenewproduct?A.Fromafriend.B.Fromawebpage.C.Fromapaper.听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。17.Whoarethelisteners?A.Parents.B.Teachers.C.Students.18.Howlongwillthetriplast?A.For20days.B.For10days.C.For5days.19.Whatisthegreatestbenefitofthetripaccordingtothespeaker?A.Ithelpsstudentsbemoreorganized.B.Itimprovesstudents’languageskills.C.Itmakesstudentsexperienceanewculture.20.Whatdoesthespeakerremindthelistenerstodo?A.Takethebrochurehome.B.Readtheinformationcarefully.C.Signupforthetripassoonaspossible.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AExploreYourPassionatHarvardUniversityYoureducationdoesn’tstopattheclassroomdoor.StudentactivitiesareavitalpartoftheHarvardexperience,balancingyourstudiesandcreatingopportunitiesforfriendshipandselfdiscovery.AthleticsHarvardAthleticsoffersfortytwointercollegeteamsforwomenandmenmorethananyothercollegedoes——aswellasnumeroussportsclubsandrecreationalactivities.Morethaneightypercentofourstudentsparticipateinathleticsofsomekind.StudentorganizationsJoinourmunityofover500studentorganizations.YoucangettoknowstudentorganizationsatourStudentOrganizationFair,anannualtraditionthattakesplacethefirstweekofclass.YoucanalsowriteforthestudentnewspaperontheAssociatedPress.Evenifyoudon’tseeaclubthatmatchesyourinterests,we’rereadytohelpyousetupone!Doesthatsoundamazingtoyou?munityserviceGivingbacktomunitiesisanidealfundamentaltoHarvard’smission.ThePhillipsBrooksHouseAssociationandtheCollegePublicServiceNetworkoffersmorethan120serviceinitiatives(方案)andprogramsfrominstructinglocalyouthtopromotingenvironmentalsustainabilityandrunningahomelessshelter.Forthosededicatedtomunityinitiatives,Harvardalsooffersavarietyoffundingsources一thatsupportyourgoalstoservethosearoundyou.LeadershipTheInstituteofPolitics(IOP)attheHarvardKennedySchoolconnectsstudentswithpoliticalleadersandexperiencedcivilservants.HarvardundergraduateshaveaccesstotheInstitute’sJohnF.KennedyJr.Forum,oneoftheworld’sbestgroundsforpoliticalspeech,discussion,anddebate.Clickheretokeeptrackofrelevantinformation.1.Whichactivityseemsattractivetomoststudents?A.Athletics. B.Studentorganizations. C.munityservice. D.Leadership.2.Whatcanyoudoifthereisnoclubfitforyou?A.Joinastudentorganization. B.Askforhelptocreateone.C.Setuparecreationalactivity. D.Servethepeoplearoundyou.3.Howcanyougettoknowmoreabouttheseactivities?A.Bywritingfortheschoolnewspaper. B.Byreferringtotheserviceinitiatives.C.BypayingavisittoHarvardgraduates. D.Bysurfingtherelatedschoolwebsite.【答案】1A2.B3.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了四种在哈佛大学中为友谊和自我发现创造机会的学生活动。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Morethaneightypercentofourstudentsparticipateinathleticsofsomekind.(我们百分之八十以上的学生参加了某种形式的田径运动。)可知，大多数学生才加的活动是田径，即对大多数大学生有吸引力的活动是田径。故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Evenifyoudon’tseeaclubthatmatchesyourinterests,we’rereadytohelpyousetupone!(即使您没有看到符合您兴趣的俱乐部，我们也随时准备帮助您建立一个！)”可知，如果没有适合你的俱乐部，可以寻求帮助建立一个。故选B。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一句“Clickheretokeeptrackofrelevantinformation.(单击此处跟踪相关信息。)”可知，如果要了解更多信息，就要浏览学校相关的网站来获得相关信息。故选D。BSilentfilmssetupAmerica’smovieindustry.Butmanyofthesefilmsfromtheearly1900snolongerexist.Anewprojectaimstorepresenttheflavorofthesemoviesbydigitizing(数字化)oldadvertisementsforthemandpublishingthematerialsonline.TheideafortheprojectcamefromChicagobasedcollectorDwightCleveland,whowasintroducedtothesilentmovieadvertisements,alsocalledlobby(大厅)cards,asahighschoolstudentinthe1970s.Hethenfellinlovewiththecolors,designsandotherelementsusedinthemoviecards.Thatenjoyableexperiencemadehimwanttostarthisowncollection.“Itjustsortofscreamedout,‘Takemehome!’“Clevelandsaid.Thecardsweremadetobeplacedinsidetheareaoutsidetheaterentrances,alsoknownaslobbies.Thecardsinformedfilmgoersaboutwhatmovieswerecurrentlyplayingaswellasfilmsthatwouldarrivenext.TheyadvertisedallthatearlyHollywoodhadtooffer,includingedies,lovestoriesandactionmovies.About90percentofallsilentfilmshavebeenlost.Oneofthemainreasonsforthisisthatthechemicalsusedtomakemanyoftheearlyfilmsbrokedownovertime.”Whatthatmeansisthatthesemoviecardsaretheonlyproofthatthesefilmsevenexisted,Clevelandsaid.ClevelandhasbeensendingexamplesfromhispersonalcollectiontoDartmouth’sMediaEcologyProject,whichisledbyMarkWilliam,aprofessoroffilmstudies.Whenpleted,itwillbeepartofalargecollectionofrareandvaluableelementsrelatingtoearlyandmostlylostAmericanfilms.Williamsaidthemaingoaloftheprojectistomakethematerialavailabletoearlymoviefansandscholarsalike.Headdedthathebelievespublishingthecollectionwillleadtoanewinterestinthesilentfilmtime.4.WhydidClevelandhavetheideaofcollectinglobbycards?A.Todecoratehishome. B.Toholdacardexhibition.C.Todesigndifferentadvertisements. D.Togetpleasurefromthem.5.Whatcouldthecardsbeusedfor?A.Beautifyingthetheaterlobby. B.Recordingvariousearlyfilms.C.Makingmovieinformationknown. D.Showingfilmgoerstotheirseats.6.WhatisWilliam’sattitudetowardstheproject?A.Confident. B.Cautious.C.Doubtful. D.Worried.7.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.LostMaterials:etoLife B.SilentMovies:DisappearforEverC.LobbyCards:ExpressSilentFilms D.AmericaMovies:ChangewithTime【答案】4.D5.C6.A7.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍通过电影大堂卡的方式呈现20世纪初美国早期的无声电影的项目。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“TheideafortheprojectcamefromChicagobasedcollectorDwightCleveland,whowasintroducedtothesilentmovieadvertisements,alsocalledlobby(大厅)cards,asahighschoolstudentinthe1970s.Hethenfellinlovewiththecolors,designsandotherelementsusedinthemoviecards.Thatenjoyableexperiencemadehimwanttostarthisowncollection.“Itjustsortofscreamedout,‘Takemehome!’“Clevelandsaid.(这个项目的想法来自芝加哥的收藏家德怀特·克利夫兰，他在20世纪70年代还是一名高中生时接触到默片广告，也被称为电影大堂卡。然后，他爱上了电影卡片中使用的颜色、设计和其他元素。这段愉快的经历让他想开始自己的收藏。“它只是尖叫着，‘带我回家!’”克利夫兰说。)”可推断，克利夫兰会有收集电影大堂卡的想法是因为从它们身上得到乐趣。故选D。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Thecardsinformedfilmgoersaboutwhatmovieswerecurrentlyplayingaswellasfilmsthatwouldarrivenext.(这些卡片告诉电影观众目前正在上映的电影以及下一部即将上映的电影。)”可知，这些卡片可以让电影信息为人所知。故选C。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Williamsaidthemaingoaloftheprojectistomakethematerialavailabletoearlymoviefansandscholarsalike.Headdedthathebelievespublishingthecollectionwillleadtoanewinterestinthesilentfilmtime.(威廉说，该项目的主要目标是让早期影迷和学者都能获得这些材料。他补充说，他相信这本文集的出版将引发人们对默片时代的新兴趣。)”可知，威廉对这个项目的态度是自信的。故选A。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Anewprojectaimstorepresenttheflavorofthesemoviesbydigitizing(数字化)oldadvertisementsforthemandpublishingthematerialsonline.(一个新的项目旨在通过将这些电影的旧广告数字化并在网上发布材料来呈现这些电影的味道。)”和第三段“Thecardsweremadetobeplacedinsidetheareaoutsidetheaterentrances,alsoknownaslobbies.Thecardsinformedfilmgoersaboutwhatmovieswerecurrentlyplayingaswellasfilmsthatwouldarrivenext.(这些卡片被放置在剧院入口外的区域，也被称为电影大堂。这些卡片告诉电影观众目前正在上映的电影以及下一部即将上映的电影。)”及全文可知，文章主要介绍通过电影大堂卡的方式呈现20世纪初美国早期的无声电影的项目。所以“LobbyCards:ExpressSilentFilms(电影大堂卡：表达无声电影)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选C。CChineseelementsareseeneverywhereatthe2022FIFAWorldCupinQatar,fromstadiumconstructionandbrandmarketingtomascotmanufacturing(制造),providingstrongsupportforthegrandfootballevent.Thegoldenbowlshapedstadiumislocated15kilometersnorthofDoha,capitalofQatar.ServingasthelargestsportingvenueinQatar,ithostsimportantmatches.Tomakethefootballpitch(场地)andtheaudienceareacoolerandmorefortable,independentcoolingstationswerebuiltoutsidethestadium,sendingcoolbreezesintothestadium.HassanAlThawadisaidtheplexstructureprovesthegreatskillsandserviceabilityofChinesefirms,addingthatthosewhowatchthegamesinthevenueshouldbegratefultoChineseengineersandconstructors.In2020,ChinesemanufacturerYutongwasselectedtoprovideservicevehiclesfortheQatarWorldCup.Thepanyequippeditsbuseswithadevicethatprotectsthemotorsfromsandandmud,employedliquidcoolingpowerbatteriesandadoptedanintelligenttemperaturecontrolinthebuses.ItisreportedthatQatarhasimported1,500busesfromChina,including888electriconestomeetthetransportationdemand.ItmarkedthefirsttimeforamajorglobalsportseventtouseChinesenewenergybusesinsuchlargequantities.Inadesert80kilometerswestofDoha,thereisavastphotovoltaic(PV)powerstationwithatotalareaequalto1,400standardfootballpitches.BuiltbythePowerChinaGuizhouEngineeringCo.,Ltd.,the800MWAlKharsaahSolarPowerPlanthasover2millionPVpanelsthatareabletogenerate1.8billionkilowatthoursofcleanelectricityforQatareachyear.Itcansupplyaround300,000localhouseholdsandmainlyreduce900,000tonsofCO2emissionsonanannualbasis.MoreChineseelementscanbeseenbothonandoffthefieldinQatar.TheappearanceofrefereesMaNing,ShiXiangandCaoYimarksthefirsttimeintherecent20yearsforChineserefereestojudgeWorldCupgames.8.WhatcanwelearnaboutHassanAlThawadifromParagraph2?A.HethinksmuchofQatar’sclimate. B.Heknowsthestadium’sfunctionwell.C.Hespeakshighlyoffootballwatchers. D.HegreatlypraisesChinesecontributions.9.WhatdoweknowabouttheChineseYutongbuses?A.Theyarecheapandfortable. B.Theyareusedinmanyfields.C.Theyareprovidedwithhightechnology. D.Theyareeasytomakeandoperate.10.HowisParagraph4developedtointroducethePVpowerstation?A.Bygivingadvice. B.Bylistingnumbers.C.Bymakingparison. D.Byexplainingreasons.11.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.ChineseelementsshineatQatarWorldCup.B.ChinesegoodsbeequitepopularinQatar.C.ChineserefereesfirstjudgeWorldCupgames.D.ChinesepaniesmakegreateffortsforQatar.【答案】8.D9.C10.B11.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍中国元素在卡塔尔世界杯大放异彩。8题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“HassanAlThawadisaidtheplexstructureprovesthegreatskillsandserviceabilityofChinesefirms,addingthatthosewhowatchthegamesinthevenueshouldbegratefultoChineseengineersandconstructors.(哈桑·阿尔·塔瓦迪表示，复杂的建筑结构证明了中国企业的高超技术和服务能力，并补充说，那些在场馆观看比赛的人应该感谢中国工程师和施工人员。)”可推断，哈桑·阿尔·塔瓦迪高度赞扬了中国的贡献。故选D。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Thepanyequippeditsbuseswithadevicethatprotectsthemotorsfromsandandmud,employedliquidcoolingpowerbatteriesandadoptedanintelligenttemperaturecontrolinthebuses.(该公司在公交车上安装了一种保护电机免受沙子和泥浆伤害的装置，采用了液冷动力电池，并在公交车上采用了智能温度控制。)”可知，中国宇通客车拥有高科技。故选C。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“Inadesert80kilometerswestofDoha,thereisavastphotovoltaic(PV)powerstationwithatotalareaequalto1,400standardfootballpitches.BuiltbythePowerChinaGuizhouEngineeringCo.,Ltd.,the800MWAlKharsaahSolarPowerPlanthasover2millionPVpanelsthatareabletogenerate1.8billionkilowatthoursofcleanelectricityforQatareachyear.Itcansupplyaround300,000localhouseholdsandmainlyreduce900,000tonsofCO2emissionsonanannualbasis.(在多哈以西80公里的沙漠中，有一座面积相当于1400个标准足球场的大型光伏发电站。由中国电建贵州工程建造的800兆瓦AlKharsaah太阳能发电厂拥有200多万块光伏电池板，每年可为卡塔尔提供18亿千瓦时的清洁电力。每年可为当地约30万户家庭供能，主要减少90万吨二氧化碳排放。)”可推断，本段通过列出数字介绍光伏电站的。故选B。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Chineseelementsareseeneverywhereatthe2022FIFAWorldCupinQatar,fromstadiumconstructionandbrandmarketingtomascotmanufacturing(制造),providingstrongsupportforthegrandfootballevent.(2022年卡塔尔世界杯从场馆建设、品牌营销到吉祥物制作，处处可见中国元素，为这一足球盛事提供了有力支撑。)”及全文可知，文章主要介绍中国元素在卡塔尔世界杯大放异彩。故选A。DManydiseasesandmedicalconditionsarecausedbythingsoutofourcontrol.Yetexpertssayyoucancontrolandevenpreventmanyoftheriskfactorsthatincreaseyourchancesofdying.Sodoctorsurgeustoeathealthyfoods,getexercise,stopsmokingandlimitouralcoholintake.Butthereissomethingelseyoucando.Anditisfreeandeasy—Smile!AnandChockalingamisaheartdiseasespecialistatUniversityofMissouriHealthCareinColumbia,Missouri.Headviseshispatientstosmile,“Whenwesmile,thebrainwiringgetsinfluenced.Thechemicalsthatarereleasedaremorepositive.”Hesayssmilingisafirststepinfightingphysicalandemotionalstress.ThisisnotjustNewAgeadvice.SeveralstudiesareinfavorofDr.Chockaligam’sprescription(处方)tosmilemore.Themaincauseofheartattacksandstrokesareblockagesinbloodvessels(血管).Thesepreventbloodfromflowingtotheheartorthebrain.Themostmonreasonfortheseblockagesisabuildupoffattydepositsontheinnerwallsofthearteries.Whenyoufeelstressedorunderpressure,yourbodyreleasesmanynaturalhormones(激素)includingadrenalineandcortisol.Adrenalineincreasesyourheartrateandbloodpressure.Cortisolisthebody’smainstresshormone.Itincreasessugarinthebloodstream.Ifyouaretrulyindanger,thesehormonescanhelpyou.Theyarepartofwhatwecallourfightorflightresponse.However,whenstressedforalongperiod,thesestresshormonesareeverpresentinourbodies.Andthat,medicalresearcherswarn,mayleadtohealthproblems.Dr.Chockalingamsaysasmilemaybeonewaytohelp.Hetellshispatientstosmile20timesanhour.Tosome,thatmightseemlikealotofsmiling.Orsomemightevenfeelfoolish...smilingforseeminglynoreason.Butasmiledoesnotinvolvedrugsoroperations.Itisfreeandithasnobadsideeffects.“Oncepeoplesmile,theyarerelaxing.Thisrelaxationdirectlylowersbloodpressure,andimprovessugarlevelsintheblood.Ifwearesmiling,wearebreakingthatlinkbetweenstressandhealth,”anditjustmayprovidealittleextraprotectiontoeveryone’shearthealth.12.WhatdoesthewriterwanttohighlightinParagraph1?A.Takingmoreexercise. B.Smilingmore.C.Avoidingsmokingandalcohol. D.Controllingillnessanddeath.13.WhyisAnandChockalingammentioned?A.Toshowhistalent. B.Tosupportaconclusion.C.Todescribeseveralnewstudies. D.Toanalyzehispatients’prescriptions.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“these”inParagraph3probablyreferto?A.heartattacks B.bloodvesselsC.strokes D.blockages15.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.Thebenefitsofsmiling. B.Theadvantagesofrelaxation.C.Theeffectoflowbloodpressure. D.Thewayofpreventingstresshormone.【答案】12.B13.B14.D15.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了人们可以通过微笑为身体健康提供额外的保护。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段内容“Manydiseasesandmedicalconditionsarecausedbythingsoutofourcontrol.Yetexpertssayyoucancontrolandevenpreventmanyoftheriskfactorsthatincreaseyourchancesofdying.Sodoctorsurgeustoeathealthyfoods,getexercise,stopsmokingandlimitouralcoholintake.Butthereissomethingelseyoucando.Anditisfreeandeasy—Smile!(许多疾病和医疗状况是由我们无法控制的事情引起的。然而，专家表示，你可以控制甚至预防许多增加死亡几率的风险因素。因此，医生敦促我们吃健康的食物，多锻炼，戒烟，限制我们的酒精摄入量。但你还有别的办法。它是免费的和容易的——微笑!)”可知，第一段作者提到了预防增加死亡危险的因素的医生提出的方法，但是你还可以通过简单容易的，不用花钱的微笑来预防，因此推断第一段作者想要强调更多的微笑对健康有益，故选B。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段的“Butthereissomethingelseyoucando.Anditisfreeandeasy—Smile!(但你还有别的办法。它是免费和容易的——微笑!)”可知，作者提出了微笑对健康有益，且容易做到；结合第二段的“AnandChockalingamisaheartdiseasespecialistatUniversityofMissouriHealthCareinColumbia,Missouri.Headviseshispatientstosmile,“Whenwesmile,thebrainwiringgetsinfluenced.Thechemicalsthatarereleasedaremorepositive.”Hesayssmilingisafirststepinfightingphysicalandemotionalstress.(AnandChockalingam是密苏里州哥伦比亚密苏里大学医疗保健中心的心脏病专家。他建议他的病人微笑，“当我们微笑时，大脑回路会受到影响。释放的化学物质更积极。”他说，微笑是对抗身体和精神压力的第一步。)”可知，AnandChockalingam提倡他的病人微笑，微笑可以对抗身体和精神压力，因此推断作者提到AnandChockalingam是为支持上一段提出的结论，故选B。【14题详解】词句猜测题。根据第三段“Themaincauseofheartattacksandstrokesareblockagesinbloodvessels(血管).Thesepreventbloodfromflowingtotheheartorthebrain.Themostmonreasonfortheseblockagesisabuildupoffattydepositsontheinnerwallsofthearteries.(心脏病发作和中风的主要原因是血管堵塞。它们会阻止血液流向心脏或大脑。这些阻塞最常见的原因是脂肪沉积在动脉内壁。)”可知，划线词these指代上文提到的堵塞，这些堵塞阻止血液流向心脏和大脑。故选D。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段内容“‘Oncepeoplesmile,theyarerelaxing.Thisrelaxationdirectlylowersbloodpressure,andimprovessugarlevelsintheblood.Ifwearesmiling,wearebreakingthatlinkbetweenstressandhealth,’anditjustmayprovidealittleextraprotectiontoeveryone’shearthealth.(“一旦人们微笑了，他们就放松了。这种放松直接降低血压，提高血液中的血糖水平。如果我们微笑，我们就打破了压力和健康之间的联系，”这可能会为每个人的心脏健康提供一点额外的保护。)”可知，最后一段讲述了微笑让人们放松，降低血压，提高血糖水平，打破压力和健康的关系，提供对心脏的保护，因此可知最后一段讲述微笑的益处，故选A。第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。ThepleasuresoflearningLearningisanaturalpleasure,inbornandinstinctive(本能的),oneoftheessentialpleasuresofthehumanrace.WhenArchimedesdiscoveredtheprincipleofspecificgravitybyobservinghisowndisplacementofwaterinabathtub(浴缸),hejumpedoutwithdelight,shouting,“Eureka,Eureka!”(Ihavefoundit).____16____Thispleasureisnotlimitedtolearningfromtextbooks,whicharetoooftenboring.____17____Byopeningabook,onecanconnectwithavoicefordistantintimeandspace,andhearitspeaking,mindtomind,hearttoheart.Asforreadingbooks,thiscontainstwodifferentdelights.Oneisthepleasureofunderstandingtheunexpected,suchaswhenonemeetsanewauthorwhohasanewvisionoftheworld.____18____Farbeyondbooks,learningmeanskeepingthemindopenandactivetoreceiveallkindsofexperiences.Amongthepleasuresoflearning,weshouldincludetravel,travelwithanopenmind,analerteyeandawishtounderstandotherpeoples,otherplaces,ratherthanlookinginthemforamirrorimageofoneself.____19____Everynewartyoulearnappearslikeanewwindowontheuniverse,whichhelpsyouacquireanewsense.Crafts,too,arewellworthexploring.Mostcraftscontainoneessentialpleasure,thepleasureofmakingsomethingthatwilllast.____20____Insteadofdecreasing,intime,likehealthandstrength,itsreturnsgoonincreasing,providedthatyouaimthroughoutyourlife,asyoucontinuelearningtointegrate(整合)yourthoughtstomakeitharmonious.A.Butitdoesincludelearningfrombooks.B.Learningextendsourlivesintonewdimensions(维度).C.ThisshoutmeansArchimedesenjoyedplayingwithwater.D.Theotherpleasureisofdeepeningone’sknowledgeofaspecialfield.E.Learningalsomeanslearningtopractice,oratleasttoappreciateanart.F.Manhastheabilitytoattainhappiness,andlearningisthebestwaytoachieveit.G.Theoutburstfrominstinctandthejoyofitssatisfactionarepossessedbyallpeople.【答案】16.G17.A18.D19.E20.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了学习的乐趣，途径及益处。【16题详解】上文“WhenArchimedesdiscoveredtheprincipleofspecificgravitybyobservinghisowndisplacementofwaterinabathtub(浴缸),hejumpedoutwithdelight,shouting,“Eureka,Eureka!”(Ihavefoundit).”（当阿基米德通过观察自己在浴缸里的排水量发现了比重原理时，他高兴地跳起来，大喊道“我发现了，我发现了！”）描述了阿基米德发现新原理的激动。G项“Theoutburstfrominstinctandthejoyofitssatisfactionarepossessedbyallpeople.”（本能的爆发和本能满足时的喜悦是每个人都拥有的。）承接上文，总结阿基米德发现新原理的表现是“本能的爆发和本能满足时的喜悦”，并推而广之，扩大到每一个人，衔接恰当。故选G项。【17题详解】上文“Thispleasureisnotlimitedtolearningfromtextbooks,whicharetoooftenboring”（这种喜悦感并不局限于从课本学习，那就太无聊了。）说明从课本学习不是获取这种喜悦的唯一方式，并结合下文“Byopeningabook,onecanconnectwithavoicefordistantintimeandspace,andhearitspeaking,mindtomind,hearttoheart.”（打开一本书，一个人可以和来自遥远时空的声音取得联系，聆听它，与它进行心灵对话。）描述了书本学习的好处，可知，前后句意相反，故A项“Butitdoesincludelearningfrombooks.”（但它的确包括从书中汲取知识。）衔接恰当。故选A项。【18题详解】上文“Oneisthepleasureofunderstandingtheunexpected,suchaswhenonemeetsanewauthorwhohasanewvisionoftheworld.”（一种是意外之喜，比如当一个人遇到了一位新的作家，他对世界有一个新视角的时候。）描述了读书的一种乐趣，D项“Theotherpleasureisofdeepeningone’sknowledgeofaspecialfield.”（另一种乐趣是加深了一个人对专业领域的认知。）描述了读书的第二种乐趣，照应上文“Asforreadingbooks,thiscontainstwodifferentdelights.”（至于阅读书籍，包含两种不同的乐趣。），衔接恰当。故选D项。【19题详解】下文“Everynewartyoulearnappearslikeanewwindowontheuniverse,whichhelpsyouacquireanewsense.”（你学到的每一种新艺术似乎都像打开宇宙中的一扇新窗户，帮助你获得新鲜感。）描述了学习的另一种途径，即学习艺术。E项“Learningalsomeanslearningtopractice,oratleasttoappreciateanart.”（学习也意味着要学会实践，或者至少能欣赏一种艺术。）衔接后文，句意一致。故选E项。【20题详解】下文“Insteadofdecreasing,intime,likehealthandstrength,itsreturnsgoonincreasing,providedthatyouaimthroughoutyourlife,asyoucontinuelearning,tointegrate(整合)yourthoughts,tomakeitharmonious”（不像健康和能量那样，随着时间的流逝会逐渐减弱，它的回报会持续增加，只要在你这一生继续学习的过程中，立志把你的思想融会贯通，使之和谐。）从更高的维度说明了学习带来的好处。B项“Learningextendsourlivesintonewdimensions”（学习能够把我们的生命延伸到新的维度。）深化了学习的内含及好处，衔接恰当。故选B项。第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。OnaFridayeveninginDecember,twoweeksbeforeChristmas,Ilostmyjob.Ihadn’tseeniting.Iwasexcitedfortheweekend,whenmydaughter,Kristil,andIplannedtogetourChristmas____21____.ThenIlistenedtomyvoicemail:“We’resorrybutyour____22____hasendedasoftoday.”Myheart____23____.Iwastheonlyparent.Mypaycheck(薪水)wassurvival,withoutwhichwecouldn’t____24____.ThenextdaywesearchedforourtreeandIstruggledtobe____25____asIeyedeachpricetag.Mondaymorning,Isetoffonmy____26____way.Iheadedtothepawnshop(典当铺)and____27____thedaywith$220richer.Overthenextweek,I____28____appliedforjobsasmybankaccountgrewsmaller.Oneafternoon,myoldprofessor,SisterEsther____29____.Justherappearancegaveme_____30_____thatthingswouldbeallright.I_____31_____heracupoftea,andwetalked.Asshegotupto_____32_____,shehandedmeaChristmascard.WhenIopenedhercard,Ibreathed_____33_____.Hundreddollarbills_____34_____ontothetable.Gratefultearswelled(涌入)intomyeyesasI_____35_____.SisterEstherhadgivenme$1,000.OnChristmasmorning,KristilandI_____36_____aroundourtree,andIjoyfullywatchedassheopenedhergifts.Isilently_____37_____SisterEstherinmyheart.Ithasbeen14years_____38_____thatChristmas.SisterEstherhaspassedaway,buttheloveshegaveduringherlife_____39_____intheheartsofmany.Iam_____40_____tobeoneofthem.21.A.tree B.card C.dinner D.party22.A.trip B.work C.visit D.vacation23.A.beat B.paused C.softened D.sank24.A.trade B.entertain C.manage D.bear25.A.curious B.cheerful C.generous D.cautious26.A.moneymaking B.jobhunting C.familybuilding D.giftshopping27.A.wasted B.ended C.played D.possessed28.A.nervously B.impatiently C.crazily D.unwillingly29.A.startedout B.rangup C.answeredback D.cameby30.A.hope B.respect C.pressure D.information31.A.ordered B.promised C.found D.made32.A.leave B.greet C.drink D.municate33.A.withdifficulty B.witheffort C.inshock D.inpanic34.A.shone B.fell C.lay D.stuck35.A.prayed B.cooked C.nodded D.counted36.A.gathered B.hid C.raced D.wandered37.A.reminded B.thanked C.mentioned D.missed38.A.after B.until C.since D.before39.A.spreadsout B.diesaway C.coolsdown D.liveson40.A.determined B.expected C.lucky D.eager【答案】21.A22.B23.D24.C25.B26.A27.B28.C29.D30.A31.D32.A33.C34.B35.D36.A37.B38.C39.D40.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在圣诞节前两周失业了，生活一度变得拮据，Esther修女及时向作者伸出援助之手，给了作者1000美元作为“圣诞礼物”。这使作者和女儿度过了愉快的圣诞节。这件事对作者产生深刻的影响，一直对Esther修女保持着感激的心情。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：周末我很兴奋，我和女儿Kristil打算去买圣诞树。A.tree树；B.card卡片；C.dinner晚餐；D.party聚会。与后文“Thenextdaywesearchedforourtree(第二天，我们开始寻找我们的树)”相呼应，这里应是“tree”，作者和女儿打算购买圣诞树。故选A项。22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后我听了我的语音邮件：“很抱歉，你的工作截至今天已经结束了。”A.trip旅行；B.work工作；C.visit参观，访问；D.vacation假期。前文“OnaFridayeveninginDecember,twoweeksbeforeChristmas,Ilostmyjob.(12月的一个周五晚上，圣诞节前两周，我丢了工作。)”提到了作者圣诞节前两周失业了，因此这里应是与“job”相呼应。故选B项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的心沉了下去。A.beat击打；B.paused暂停，停顿；C.softened变软，态度缓和；D.sank下沉。根据前文“We’resorrybutyour____2____hasendedasoftoday.(很抱歉，你的工作截至今天已经结束了。)”可知，作者被通知失业了，因此心情应是很低落。故选D项。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的薪水是用来维持生计的，没有它我们无