湖南省衡阳市2023-2024学年高一下学期期末英语试卷(无答案)

机密★启用前2024年上学期高一期末考试英语本试卷共8页，全卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名，准考证号填写在本试卷和答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应的答案标号涂黑，如有改动，用像皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案：回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题，每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15. B.£9.18. C.£9.15.答案是C.1.WhatdoesthemanaskAlicetodo?A.Checkheremail. B.Turnthesounddown. C.Payattentiontothelesson.2.Howdoestheboysound?A.Upset. B.Confused. C.Excited.3.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Atabusstop.B.Atthetaxistand.C.Attheundergroundcarpark.4.Whatdoweknowabouttheman?A.Helefthisfriend’sdictionaryathome.B.Heboughttwodictionaries.C.Heusedafriend’sdictionary.5.Whatdidthewomandecidetodo?A.Sellherhouse. B.Gobacktocollege. C.Movetoanothercity.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独自读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatdothespeakersconsiderdoing?A.Changingthesuppliers. B.Updatingtheschedule. C.Contactingtheclient.7.Whydoesthemansuggesthavingameeting?A.Toprovideguidance. B.Toeducateworkers. C.Toworkoutaplan.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.WhatdoesthemanadmireaboutCarl?A.Hisachievements. B.Hislifestyle. C.Hisdetermination.9.Whatdoesthewomanvaluemostwhiletraveling?A.Comfortableaccommodations.B.Adventuredestinations.C.Cost-effectiveoptions.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Grandfatherandgranddaughter.B.Neighbors.C.Classmates.11.WhatissaidaboutJenny’sgrandmother?A.Shehasbeencaringforthegardenlately.B.ShewatchesTVeveryevening.C.Sheisamilkwoman.12.WhydidJennyaskhergrandfatheraboutamathproblem?A.Shewantedtoavoidtalkingaboutthenews.B.Hergrandfatherwasgoodatit.C.Shecouldn’tworkitoutherself.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Forwhatreasondoesthemancometobuyagift?A.Toexpresshisthanks.B.Tomakeupforamistake.C.Tocelebratehisfriend’sbirthday.14.Howmuchdoesthewatchcost?A.Around$400. B.Around$200. C.Around$120.15.Whatmakesthesetofcupsspecialaccordingtothewoman?A.Itischeap. B.Itsqualityishigh. C.Itwasmadebyhand.16.Whichitemimpressedthemanmost?A.Awatch. B.Awallet. C.Anotebook.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whatisthespeakerdoing?A.Trackinghermonthlycosts.B.Offeringfinancialadvice.C.Makingaspendingplan.18.Whendoesthespeakerreceivehersalaryeverymonth?A.Onthe5th. B.Onthe7th. C.Onthe15th.19.WhatdidthespeakerbuyonthelastdayofJune?A.Beautyproducts. B.Clothes. C.Catfood.20.Whatdoesthespeakerplantodo?A.Findapart-timejob. B.Watchherspending. C.Cutcosts.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ATheImportanceofBeingEarnest—Author:OscarWilde—Score:3.825—Averagerating:4.17/5,basedon277,734ratingsThiscomedicplaybyOscarWildetakesasatirical(讽刺的)lookatVictoriansocialvalueswhilefollowingtwomen—JackWorthingandAlgernonMoncrieff—astheytellliestobeingsomeexcitementtotheirlives.TheImportanceofBeingEarnestwasWilde’sfinalplay,andsomeconsiderithismasterpiece.ARaisinintheSun—Author:LorraineHansberry—Score:3.550—Averagerating:3.76/5,basedon59,314ratingThestoryfollowstheYoungers,aworkingclassblackfamilylivingontheSouthSideofChicagowhomovetoanall-whiteneighborhoodduringatimeofdescregration(取消种族隔离).In1959,LorraineHansberrybecamethefirstblackplaywrighttogetaplayproducedonBroadway.Frankenstein—Author:MaryWollstonecraftShelley—Score:7.931—Averagerating:3.78/5,basedon1,032,148ratingsThestorywaspublishedin1818andintroducedreaderstoDrVictorFrankenstein,ascientistwhobringstolifeacreatureheassembledfromdiscardedcorpse(丢弃的尸体)parts.AlthoughDrFrankensteinishorrifiedbyhiscreationandabandonsit,thecreaturemanagestoeducateitselfandthenseeksreverseonhiscreator.Thenovelexplorershumanity’sdesireforinnovationandthefearofchangeitbrings.AnimalForm—Author:GeorgeOrwell—Score:18.115—Averagerating:3.92/5,basedon2,377,098ratingsAgroupoffarmanimalsorganizesarevolt(起义)aftertheyrealizetheirmaster,MrJones,ismistreatingthemandofferingthemnothinginreturnfortheirwork.Whentheychallengetheleadership,theyaredisciplinedforspeakingout.Thisclassicisn’taboutanimalrights.Itisalargercritique(评论)onSovietCommunism.OrwellwroteitasanattackagainstStalinisminRussia.21.IfyouaredoingaprojectaboutblackpeopleintheUS,whichbookmayinterestyoumost?A.TheImportanceofBeingEarnest. B.ARaisinintheSun.C.Frankenstein. D.AnimalFarm.22.WhatkindofbookisFrankenstein?A.Amysterystory. B.Ahorrornovel.C.Afairytale. D.Abiography.23.WhydidOrwellwriteAnimalFarm?A.TopromoteSovietCommunism.B.Todocumentahistoricaleventinafunway.C.Toraisepeople’sawarenessofanimalrights.D.ToprotestagainstStalinistgovernmentpolicies.BIhadstoppedwhileonmywaybooktoLondon.Ispottedamanwithabackpackandhisthumbout.“I’mgoingbacktoLondon.Whichwayareyouheading?”Iasked.“Ah,thatwouldbegrand,”camehisimmediatereply.Hegotonmycar.“I’mBrendan.”hesaid,“Iwasgettingabitdesperate.Nobodyseemstostopthesedays.”Asweheadedeast,Brendantoldmehowthetworecentfamilytragedieshaddevastatedhimandpushedhimoutofhisoldlifeandontotheroad.“But,”hesaid,“Idon’tfeelsorryformyself.I’llalwaysknowwhatitfeelsliketobetrulyloved.”Brendanlaughedalotandenjoyedhisoldlifestyle,untillastweek,whenhe’dbeenrobbed.“Thesethreeyoungpeopletookmyotherbackpackandithadallmymoneyandpaperworkinit.Ihaven’teatenfordays.I’mhopingtogetsomecasualworkinLondon,soIcanthengetmyselfhometoLreland.”Itmusthavebeentheideaofgoinghomethatgotme,“Whydon’tIjustdropyouattheairportnow?”Isaid,“I’llbuyyouaticketandyoucanflyhome.Andhowmuchistheticket?”“It’s£192,”hesaid.“Well,I’llgetyou£200.”“Grand.”hereplied,withoutathink.Then,afterapause,hesaid,“Pleasedon’tworry.I’lldefinitelywireyouthemoneywhenIgethome.”Inthatmoment,Ihonestlybelievedhewould.Aftergettinghome,Itoldmywifethewholetale.£200madehergasp(叹气).Feelingsurprisedatmytrusting,shelaughedandsaid,“Well,IhopeBrendangetshome.”Thatwaseightweeksagoandyouwon’tbesurprisedtohearthatI’veheardnothing.InowfeelhappierthinkingaboutBrendan.Heaskedforhelp,andingoodfaithIgaveittohim.That’sgottobeagoodthing.Isn’tthatthewholepointofunselfishness?Itisanacttohelpsomeoneelseatsomecosttooneself.Itwasn’taloan:IgavethemoneytoBrendan.Thecosttomyselfwas£200.Maybetherealquestionshouldbe:didIgivehimenough?24.WhydidBrendanstarthistrip?A.Heencounteredfamilysufferings.B.Hewastiredofhisoldlifestyle.C.Hequarreledwithhisfamilymembers.D.Hedesiredtomakeafortune.25.WhatmadetheauthorthinkofhelpingBrendan?A.Brendan’soptimismtowardlife. B.Brendan’swaitingforapickup.C.Brendan’sdesiretogohome. D.Brendan’sexperienceofbeingrobbed.26.Whatmaytheauthor’swifeconsiderBrendantobe?A.Abeggar. B.Aliar.C.Agentleman. D.Ahomelessman.27.Whatdidtheauthorlearnfromhisexperience?A.Thecostofbeingcheated. B.Thefaithofdoingagoodthing.C.Themeaningoftrueunselfishness. D.Theconditionofgivingaloan.CHaveyoueverseenacarwithoutadriver?Itsoundscrazy,butthesecomputer-drivendriverlesscarswillsoonbefillingroadsnearyou.Techcompaniesaroundtheworldhavebeendesigningandtestingdriverlessvehiclesandthetechnologyisavailablealready.So,howdotheywork?Thecarsarecoveredinsensorsthatcandetectothercarsandobstaclesontheroad.Sensorsonthewheelsalsohelpwhenparking.Roadsignsarereadbycameras,andsatellitenavigationsystemsareused.Finally,acentralcomputersystemtakesinalltheinformationandprocessesthistoworkoutwhentoaccelerate,brakeandsteer.Allyouhavetodoistypeinthedestination.Soundslikeyourideaofheaven?Sitingback,lookingoutofthewindowsandevenwatchingafilmwhile“driving”willallbepossiblewiththisnewtechnology.Inaddition,computersaregenerallymoreefficientdriversthanhumans,meaningemissionscanbereduced.Theyalsodrivemoresafelythanpeople—theydon’tgetdistractedbymusicorfriends,theyobeythespeedlimitandtheyhavequickerreactiontimesincaseofanemergency.However,therearestillmanydrawbacksofdriverlesscars.Computerswillhavedifficultiesmakingethical(道德上的)decisions.Ifachildranoutintotheroad,wouldthecomputerchoosetohitthechildorturnasidesharplyandpotentiallyhurtthecar’spassengersinstead?Moreover,Ipersonallyfinddrivingfun.I’dmissneverbeingbehindthewheelmyself.Therewouldalsobelegalquestions.Shouldchildrenordrunkpeople,beallowedinadriverlesscarbythemselves?Orwouldthereneedtobearesponsibleadultwithadrivinglicenceinthecaratalltimes?Althoughbeingdrivenaroundbyamachinewouldperhapsmeanthatnooneneedsadrivinglicense,manypeoplewouldbeputoutofajobbythepopulationofdriverlesscars.Bus,taxiandtraindriverswouldbemaderedundant.I’mnotconvincedI’dwantadriverlesscar,letit’sonlyamatteroftimebeforethey’llbecomemoreaffordableandcommonplaceonourroads.28.Whatdoyouneedtodowhenusingadriverlesscar?A.Controlthesensors. B.Readtheroadsignscarefully.C.Puttheaddressintothecomputer. D.Checkthesatellitenavigationsystems.29.Howdoestheauthoranalyzetheshortcomingsofdriverlesscars?A.Bymakingacomparison. B.Byraisingsomequestions.C.Bysharingpersonalexperiences. D.Byanalyzingtheirharmfuleffects.30.Whatistheunderlinedword“redundant”closestinmeaningto?A.Replaceable. B.Crucial. C.Distinctive. D.Unwanted.31.Whatdoestheauthorthinkoffuturedriverlesscars?A.Theywillbelessexpensive. B.Theywillconsumelessenergy.C.Theywilldomoreharmthangood. D.Theywillbemorestrictlycontrolled.DScientistshavealreadyestablishedfrommultiplestudiesthatMarscontainslargeamountsofwater.Mostofthewaterexistsintheformofice.Chineseresearcherssaytheyhavebuiltanartificialintelligence(AI)robotthatcanusematerialsfoundonMarstoproducecatalysts(催化剂)tobreakdownwaterandreleaseoxygen.Itcouldbeanotherwayforspacetravelersinthefuturetomakemuch-neededoxygenonMars.ExperimentswerecarriedoutonmeteoritesthateithercamefromMarsorcontainedmaterialssimilartotheMartiansurface.The“robotchemist”firstusedanacidandchemicalmixturetoseparateandexaminematerialscontainedinthemeteorites.Itidentifiedseveraldifferentmetallicelementsandthenworkedtoidentifydifferentmolecules(分子)thatcouldbeproducedfrommeteoritematerials.Thesystemfoundmorethan3.7millionpossiblemoleculecombinations.Therobotusedthatdatatopredictwhichcatalystswouldbeabletosplitwatermoleculestoproduceoxygen.Thecatalystchosenasthebestfitwasabletooperateatminus37degreesCelsius.ThistemperatureissimilartocurrentconditionsonMars.Thestudy’sleadwriter,JunJiang,saidthatasaboy,heoftendreamedofbeingabletoonedaytravelinspace.“Sowhenwefinallysawthatthecatalystsmadebytherobotcouldactuallyproduceoxygenbysplittingwatermolecules.Ifeltlikemydreamwascomingtrue.IevenstartedtoimaginethatI,myself,willliveonMarsinthefuture.”Areportexplainingthestudy’sresultsnotesJiangsuggeststhatforeverysquaremeterofMartianmaterial,hisgroup’ssystemcouldproducenearly60gramsofoxygenperhour.TheresearcherssaythislevelofproductioncouldremovetheneedforfutureastronautstotransportoxygenfromEarth.“Therobotcanworkcontinuouslyforyears.”Jiangsaid.Jiangsaid,“ItcouldalsobeusedtoproduceotherusefulcatalystsonMars.Thiscouldincludeprocessesformakingsubstancestosupportthegrowthofplantsthatcouldbeusedtoproducefoodforastronauts.Differentchemicalscanbemadebythisrobot.Marsmightalsonotbetheonlyplacewhereitcouldfindotherused,suggestingthemoonasanotherpossibility.”32.WhatdoChinesescientistsuseAlrobotstodointheresearch?A.TocollectwaterdatafromMars.B.ToproduceoxygenfromwateronMars.C.ToexploretheicecoverageonMars.D.ToassisthumansinsettlingdownonMars.33.WhichaspectoftheresearchdoesParagraph2focuson?A.Itsprocess. B.Itsscale. C.Itsresult. D.Itseffect.34.WhydoestheauthormentionJiang’sdream?A.Toexplainthechemicalreaction. B.Toadvocatespacetravel.C.Toprovethesuccessofthestudy. D.ToshowthefuturelifeonMars.35.WhatdoesJiangstressinthelastparagraph?A.ThesubstancesforgrowingplantsonMars.B.Theexistenceofoxygenonthemoon.C.ThepossiblediscoveryofchemicalsonMars.D.ThepotentialapplicationofAIrobots.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Durian(榴莲)pricesinChina—theworld’stopmarketforthespiky,pungentfruittypicallyregardedasanexpensiveitem—havefallenbyover30percentthismonth,whichdelightsdurianloversalotandtheyevencouldn’twaittoenjoyone.However,manypeoplefinditchallengingandoverwhelmingwhenfacedwithamountainofspikydurianstandswhentheyarebuyingasatisfyingdurian.36Taponit(notwithyourhand).Ifadurianisripe,itshould“soundlikehittingadrum”,asthefruitismorehollowwithgapsofairinsidethefruit.37Theseedsaresuretohaveloosenedupwhenweshakearipendurian.Adarkerstemmeansthatthedurianhasbeenharvestedmuchearlier,so,obviously,itisn’tsuitableforustochoose.38Aperfectlyellipticaldurianisnotnecessarilythemostdelicious!Ifthedurianhasbulging(鼓起的)sides,itisoftenanindicationthattheseedsarefleshy.Ifthesidesareconcave,itislikelythechamberisempty.Odd-shapedduriansalsodonotmeanthatthereislessmeat.39It’scommonlyacknowledgedthatlargerandrounderfruitswillalwaysbedrawnattentionto,butasfordurians,biggerisnotnecessarilybetter.40It’swiseofyoutoavoidadurianofhugesizewhichseemsdelicious.Youwon’tmissatastydurianforyourcarefulchoice.A.Purchasingadurian,listenoutfortappingsounds.B.Nexttimeyoubuyadurian,doremembertochooseabiggerone.C.Inaddition,onemustalsolearntoobservetheshapeofthedurian.D.Hereareafewpracticaltipstohelpyoubecomeaskilleddurianpicker.E.Followingthetipsbelow,you’llfinditnotdifficulttobreakoffadurian.F.Theperfectweightofdurianis1.5to2kg,whichprovidesthebestflavors.G.Theyareusuallymorefragrant(芳香的)andcreamiercomparedtoperfectlyroundeddurians.第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Wewereacrowdofpeoplefromdifferentvillageswhotookthebuseverydaythatsummer33yearsago.Duringtheearlymorning41fromthesuburb,wesatlazilywithourcollarsuptoourcars.Oneofthe42wasasmallgreymanwhotookthebustothecentrefortheelderlyeverymorning.Hewalkedwithaheavilybentbodyanda43lookonhisfacewhenhe44thebusandsatdownalonebehindthedriver.Nooneeverpaidverymuchattentiontohim.ThenoneJulymorninghesaidgoodmorningtothedriverbeforesittingdown.Thedriver45guardedly,therestofussilent.Thenextday,theoldmangotonthebus46,smiledandsaidinaloudvoice:“Andaverygoodmorningtoyouall!”Someofuslookedup,amazed,andmurmured“Goodmorning.”47.Thefollowingweeks,hesaidgoodmorningtouseverydayandwe48begantonodandtalktoeachother.Thesummer49,andautumnwasclosingin.Onemorningthelovelyoldmanwasn’twaitingathisusualstopandeveninthefollowingdays.Westarted50ifhewassickor—hopefully—onholidaysomewhere.Whenwecamenearertothecentrefor51citizens,theconductorknewwhoweweretalkingaboutandtoldusduetohis52age,thegentlemanhadgoneabroadtolivewithhisson.Insidethebuswasashort53.Then,allofus,whohehadmadesucha/an54onthatsummer,55himwellwithdelightedtearsinoureyes.41.A.walk B.ride C.flight D.drive42.A.passengers B.friends C.designers D.entertainers43.A.joyful B.surprised C.confused D.tired44.A.left B.boarded C.saw D.avoided45.A.shook B.blinked C.nodded D.stretched46.A.energetically B.permanently C.unwillingly D.slowly47.A.inadvance B.indetails C.insight D.inreply48.A.immediately B.gradually C.directly D.frequently49.A.wentaway B.wenton C.wentback D.wentby50.A.wondering B.requesting C.telling D.checking51.A.junior B.young C.senior D.sick52.A.embarrassing B.admirable C.golden D.growing53.A.pleasure B.silence C.cheer D.scare54.A.impression B.comment C.decision D.agreement55.A.kept B.left C.wished D.thought第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个恰当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Encouragedbybeatingdrumsandspiritedcheeringfromthecrowd,paddlersfrommorethan60dragonboatteamsmadeasplashatSalfordQuaysinGreaterManchester,Englandontheweekend56(celebrate)thetraditionalChineseDragonBoatFestival.TheUKChineseDragonBoatFestivalthisyearfeaturedthe57(participate)ofsomeworld-renownedsportsclubs,ManchesterUnitedFC,ManchesterCityFC,andSalfordRedDevilsrugbyleagueclub58(include),whichbroughtanewlevelofexcitementtotheevent,andafusionofsportsculture.Thisyearmarksthe10thstagingoftheUKfestival,59issaidtobeoneofthelargestdragonboateventsinEuropeandoneof60(significant)cultureandsportshighlightsintheUK.Sinceitbeganin2012,thecompetition61(organize)bytheXinhuaChineseAssociation(XCA)inpartnershipwithSalfordCityCouncilandtheBritishDragonBoatRacingAssociation.Inaddition62boatraces,thisyear’scelebrationinManchesterfeaturedavarietyofculturalperformances,includingdragonandliondances,kungfu,andwaistdrumdances,attractingmanycuriousandinterested63(passer-b