高中英语语法：定语从句教学案

学科教师辅导讲义

授课类型T定语从句基本知识要点C定语从句专题IT解题技巧

授课日期及时段

教学内容

一、同步知识梳理

知识点1：定语从句的定义及相关术语

术语定义说明

定语从句修饰一个名词或代词的从句称为定语从注意三点：

句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。1）把从句看成是一个整体，在主句

中做定语；

2）其做的是主句中某一个名词或代

词的定语；

3）其对这个名词或代词起到限定修

饰或补充说明的作用。

先行词被定语从句修饰的那个名词或代词称为注意三点：

先行词。1）被定语从句所限定修饰；

2）其在主句中；

3）其词性是名词或代词。

关系词引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词。关系词常有三个作用：

关系词有关系代词和关系副词。1）引导定语从句；

2）代替先行词；

3）在定语从句中充当一定成分。

例：HarryPotteristhemostinterestingnovelthatIhaveread.（thatIhaveread是定语从句；novel

是先行词；that是关系代词，代替先行词novel,在从句中作haveread的宾语。）

知识点2：关系词

关系词指代人或物定语从句中充当的成分

that人或物主语、宾语、表语

which物或主句内容主语、宾语

关系

who人主语、宾语

代词

whom人宾语

whose(=ofwhom=ofwhich)人或物的定语

as物或主句内容主语、宾语

when(=适当介词+which)时间状语

关系

where(=适当介词+which)地点状语

副词

why(forwhich)原因状语

知识点3：限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句

通过下表对比限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别

限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句

从句与先行词从句是先行词不可缺少的定语，如果省去，从句只是对先行词的附加说明，如果省去，

的关系主句的意思就会不完整或不明确。主句的意思仍然清楚或完整。

标点无逗号有逗号

关指人who(that)whom指人who（作主语）whom（作宾语）

系指物which(that)指物which

代指人和物的whose人和物的whose

词关系代词在从句中作宾语时可以省去关系代词一般不可省

修饰名词或代词名词或代词，也可以是整个句子

翻译定语从句译在被修饰词的前面定语从句通常被译成另一个独立的句子

二、同步例题分析

知识点1:关系代词的用法

例1：totaketheEnglishEveningCourse,pleasefillinthisform.

A.ThosewhowantB.AnyonewantsC.ThosethatwantD.Peoplewant

例2：LiMing,totheconcertenjoyeditverymuch.

A.IwentwithB.withwhomIwentC.withwhoIwentD.Iwentwithhim

例3：Isthereanyoneinyourclassfamilyisinthecountry?

A.whoB.who'sC.whichD.whose

例4：Canyoulendmethebooktheotherday?

A.aboutwhichyoutalkedB.whichyoutalkedC.aboutthatyoutalkedD.thatyoutalked

例5：Themanhasarrived.

A.whomItoldyouB.thatItoldyou

C.whomItoldyouabouthimD.Itoldyouabout

知识点2：关系副词的用法

例1：Thisisthehotellastmonth.

A.whichtheystayedB.atthattheystayedC.wheretheystayedatD.wheretheystayed

例2：DoyouknowtheyeartheChineseCommunistPartywasfounded?

A.whichB.thatC.whenD.onwhich

例3：Theydidn'texplainthereasontheyhadcanceledtherehearsal.

A.thatB.whyC.whatD.which

知识点3：限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句

例1：Alicereceivedaninvitationfromherboss,cameasasurprise.

A.itB.thatC.whichD.he

例2：Womendrinkmorethantwocupsofcoffeeadayhaveagreaterchanceofhavingheartdiseasethanthose

don't.

2）who,不填B.不填，whoC.who,whoD,不填，不填

例3：Itisreportedthattwoschools,arebeingbuiltinmyhometown,willopennextyear.

A.theybothB.whichbothC.bothofthemD.bothofwhich

三、课堂达标检测

检测题（一）：用适当的关系词填空

1.IstillrememberthenightIfirstcametothehouse.

2.Filneverforgetthedaywemeteachotherlastweek.

3.Mr.BlackisgoingtoBeijinginOctober,isthebestseasonthere.

4.IwillneverforgetthedaysIspentwithyourfamily.

5.Filneverforgetthelastdaywespenttogether.

6.ThisistheschoolIusedtostudy.

7.Doyoustillremembertheplacewevisitedlastweek?

8.Doyoustillremembertheplacewevisitedthepaintingexhibition?

9.HaveyoueverbeentoHangzhou,isfamousfortheWestLake?

10.HaveyoueverbeentoHangzhou,liestheWestLake?

11.TomwillgotoShanghai,livehistwobrothers.

12.1liveinBeijing,isthecapitalofChina.

13.TherewasatimetherewereslavesintheUSA.

14.Itisthethirdtimeyouhavemadethesamemistake.

15.ItwasinthestreetImetJohnyesterday.

16.Itwasabout600yearsago_thefirstclockwithafaceandanhourhandwasmade.

17.ThemomentIsawyou,Irecognized（认出）you.

18.Thisistheverynovelabout__we'vetalkedsomuch.

19.Thisisthewayhedidit.

20.Whoisthestudentwaslateforschooltoday?

21.Whoknowshimwantstomakefriendswithhim?

22.Whatelsewasthereinmybrotheryoudidn'tlike?

23.Helivesintheroomwindowfacestothesouth.

24.Helivesintheroom,thewindowfacestothesouth.

25.ThisisMr.JohnforsonIbroughtabookyesterday.

26.ThisisMr.JohnforIboughtabookyesterday.

27.Thisisthehourtheplaceisalwaysfullofwomenandchildren.

28.AndthereisonepointI'dlikeyouradvice.

29.Winteristhetimeofyearthedaysareshortandnightsarelong.

30.1hopeyouwillfindthisvalleyabeautifulplaceyoumayspendyourweekend.

检测题（二）：改错

1.ThisisallwhichIwanttosay.

2.Themanwhonevermakemistakesnevermakesanything.

3.ThisisthebookaboutthatItoldyoulasttime.

4.ThisisthelongesttrainwhichIhaveeverseen.

5.Whichweallknow,swimmingisaverygoodsport.

6.TheradiosetwhichIboughtitlastweekhasgonewrong.

7.1sthistheclassroomwhichyouhaveclasseseveryday?

8.Myglasses,withwhichIwaslikeablindman,felltothegroundandbroke.

9.Heisamanofgreatexperience,fromwhomuchcanbelearned.

10.1haveboughtthesamedresswhichsheiswearing.

一、专题精讲

知识点1:关系代词和关系副词的选择

例1:

neverforgetthedaysweworkedonthefarmyearsago.

rilneverforgetthedayswespentonthefarmyearsago.

(2)Pisaisacitystandsaleaningtower.

Pisaisacityhasaleaningtower.

(3)Thereasonhewasabsentfromthemeetingwasthathismotherfellillsuddenly.

Thereasonhegaveforhisabsencefromthemeetingwasthathismotherfellillsuddenly.

例2：

(1)Isthismuseumyouvisitedafewdaysago?

A.whereB.thatC.onwhichD.theone

(2)Isthisthemuseumtheexhibitionwasheld.

A.whereB.thatC.onwhichD.theone

例3：Youcanfindwhateveryouneedattheshoppingcenter,isalwaysbusyattheweekend.

A.thatB.whereC.whatD.which

例4：Isthisthereasonatthemeetingforhiscarelessnessinhiswork?

A.heexplainedB.whatheexplained

C.howheexplainedD.whyheexplained

例5：Anyway,thatevening,Plltellyoumoreaboutlater,IendedupstayingatRachefsplace.

A.whenB.whereC.whatD.which

知识点2：that和which的选择

例1：Hetalkedalotaboutthingsandpersonstheyrememberedintheschool.

A.whichB.thatC.whomD.what

例2：HeistheonlypersonIwanttothank.

A.whoB.whomC.whoseD./

例3：It'soneofthemostinterestingstoriesIhaveread.

A.which,neverB.that,everC.that,neverD.which,ever

例4：riltellyouhetoldmelastnight.

A.allwhichB.allwhatC.thatallD.all

例5：It'sthethirdtimeinNanjingthismonth.

A.thatyouarrivedB.whichyouarrivedC.thatyou'vearrivedD.whichyou'vearrived

例6：Whoisthemanwasthere?

A.whoB.whichC.thatD.whom

例7：Shanghaiisnolongerthecityitusedtobe.

A.thatB.whichC.whereD.as

例8；Wrestlingisasportin__peopleeasilygethurt.

A.thatB.whenC.whichD.what

只用that不用which的情况

1.当先行词为不定代词或者先行词被any,all,much,Thereisnothing(that)Icansayaboutit.

no,little,few等修饰时。Heisoneofthefewthatcanworkitoutinfive

minutes.

2.先行词为形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时。ThisisthebestbasketballmatchthatIhaveever

seen.

3.先行词被theonly或thevery修饰时。Theonlythingthatwecandoistoaskour

teachers9help.

4.先行词为序数词或被序数词修饰时。WhenforeignerstalkaboutChina,thefirstthat

comestomindistheGreatWall.

5.先行词既包含人又包含物时。Theytalkedaboutthefactoriesandworkersthat

theyhadvisited.

6.先行词是疑问代词时。Whothatyouhaveeverseencanbeathiminthe

game?

7.先行词在逻辑上充当定语从句的表语时。Thisisnolongertheplacethatitusedtobe.

只用which不用that的情况

1.关系词前有介词紧密连接，指物的只能用介Hewroteabookinwhichwecouldlearnabouthis

+whicholife.

2.在非限制性定语从句中。Sheheardaterriblenoise,whichbroughtherheart

tohermouth.

知识点3：as和which的选择

例1：WheneverImethim,____wasfairlyoften,Ilikehissweetandhopefulsmile.

19.whatB.whichC.thatD.when

例2：isoftenthecase,wehaveworkedouttheproductionplan.

A.WhichB.WhenC.WhatD.As

例3：Helenwasmuchkindertoheryoungestsonthantotheothers,,ofcourse,madetheothersenvyhim.

A.asB.thatC.whatD.which

例4：hasalreadybeenpointedout,grammarisnotasetofdeadrules.

A.AsB.ItC.ThatD.Which

例5：Ihaveboughtthesamedresssheiswearing.

A.asB.thatC.whichD.what

知识点4：whose的用法

例1：RecentlyIboughtanancientChinesevase,wasveryreasonable.

1.whichpriceB.thepriceofwhichC.itspriceD.thepriceofwhose

翻译句子：

这就是昨晚窗户破掉的那所房子。

知识点5：高考对关系副词where的考查

例1：Iworkinabusinessalmosteveryoneiswaitingfbragreatchance.

A.howB.whichC.whereD.that

例2：We'rejusttryingtoreachapointbothsideswillsitdowntogetherandtalk.

A.whereB.thatC.whenD.which

例3：He'sgothimselfintoadangeroussituationheislikelytolosecontrolovertheplane.

A.whereB.whichC.whileD.why

知识点6：“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句

例1：TheEnglishplaymystudentsactedattheNewYear'spartywasagreatsuccess.

A.forwhichB.atwhichC.inwhichD.onwhich

例2：Istillrememberthedayshefirstworethatgreendress.

A.whichB.inwhichC.onthatD.onwhich

例3：Inthedarkstreet,therewasn'tasinglepersonshecouldturnforhelp.

A.thatB.towhoC.fromwhomD.towhom

例4：Theschoolsthemselvesadmitthatnotallchildrenwillbesuccessfulinthejobstheyarebeingtrained.

l.inthatB.forthatC.inwhichD.forwhich

例5：Thefactoryproduceshalfamillionpairsofshoeseveryyear,80%aresoldabroad.

A.ofwhichB.whichofC.ofthemD.ofthat

知识点7：theway作先行词的定语从句

以iheway为先行词的限制性定语从句通常由inwhich或由at引导，而且通常可以省略。如：

Theway(that/inwhich)heansweredthequestionswassurprising.他回答这些问题的方式令人惊奇。

Idon'tliketheway(that/inwhich)youlaughather.我不喜欢你嘲笑她的样子。

例1：Idon'tlikeyouspeaktoher.

A.thewayB.thewayinthatC.thewaywhichD.thewayofwhich

例2：Whatsurprisedmewasnotwhathesaidbuthesaidit.

A.inthewayB.inthewaythatC.thewaythatD.thewaywhich

例3：翻译下列句子：

他解释给我们的那种方法是简单的。

他给我们解释这个句子的方式难以理解。

知识点8：定语从句中的主谓一致

定语从句中，关系词作主语时，应特别注意主谓一致现象。这时，先行词起决定作用，因为关系词所指即为先行

词，主谓一致实际上就是先行词和谓语动词的一致。请看下列各题：

(1)1whoyourfriend,willdoeveiythingIcantohelpyou.

(2)Heistheonlyoneofuswhofondofsuchthings.

l.Heisoneofuswhofondofsuchthings.

批注：

1)关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。

I,whoamyourclosefriend,willtrymybesttohelpyouwheneveryouareintrouble.

2)oneof+复数名词+关系代词+复数动词；而theonlyoneof+复数名词+关系代词+单数动词；nottheonlyone

of…=oneof.・・(前面的两个是重点，nottheonlyoneof...不是常考点，要求学生理解。)

3)非限制性定语从句中，由关系代词as或which代替整个主句时，从句谓语动词要用第三人称单数。

Hehaspassedtheexam,whichmakesussurprised.

GreatchangeshavetakenplaceinChina,asisknowntoall.

4)关系代词和谓语动词之间有插入语时，谓语动词单复数要看关系代词的指代。

ToownaTVsetineachfamily,whichwethinkwasimpossible3()yearsago,nowhasbecometrue.

例1:用所给词的正确形式填空

l.Heisoneofthestudentswho(have)passedtheexam.

2.Heistheonlyoneofthestudentswho(have)passedtheexam.

3.Heisnottheonlyoneofthestudentswho(have)passedtheexam.

4.Theidea,whichIthink(be)reasonable,wasbroughtupbyTomyesterday.

5.1stillremembertheteachersandtheschoolthat(be)talkedofyesterdayevening.

二、专题过关

检测题(一)：

1.IhaveboughtsuchawatchwasadvertisedonTV.

A.thatB.whichC.asD.it

2.Icanneverforgetthedayweworkedtogetherandthedaywespenttogether.

A.when;whichB.which;whenC.what;thatD.onwhich;when

3.Thewayhelooksatproblemsiswrong.

A.whichB.whoseC.whatD./

4.Thisisthereasonhedidn'tcometothemeeting.

A.inwhichB.withwhichC.thatD.forwhich

5.Thismachine,formanyyears,isstillworkingperfectly.

A.afterwhichIhavelookedB.whichIhavelookedafter

C.thatIhavelookedafterD.Ihavelookedafter

6.Thereasonhedidn*tcomewashewasill.

A.why;thatB.that;whyC.forthat;thatD.forwhich;what

7.Heisworkinghard,willmakehimpassthefinalexam.

A.thatB.whichC.forwhichD.who

8.ThatisnotthewayIdoit.

A./B.whichC.forwhichD.withwhich

9.1havetwogrammars,areofgreatuse.

A.allofwhichB.eitherofwhichC.bothofthatD.bothofwhich

10.1wanttousethesametoolsusedinyourfactoryafewdaysago.

A.aswasB.whichwasC.aswereD.which

11.Myneighborsusedtogivemeahandintimeoftrouble,wasverykindofthem.

A.whoB.whichC.thatD.it

12.ThisisthemagazineIcopiedtheparagraph.

A.thatB.whichC.fromthatD.fromwhich

13.Heisnotsuchamanwouldleavehisworkhalfdone.

A.thatB.whichC.whoD.as

14.Youcandependonwhateverpromisehemakes.

A./B.whyC.whenD.whose

15.Smoking,isabadhabit,is,however,popular.

A.thatB.whichC.itD.though

16.---Didyouasktheguardhappened?

-Yes,hetoldmeallheknew.

A.what;thatB.what;whatC.which;whichD.that;that

17.1shallneverforgetthoseyearsIlivedonthefarmwiththefarmers,hasagreateffectonmylife.

A.when;whoB.that;whichC.which;thatD.when;which

18.Thenumberofthepeoplewhocarsincreasing.

A.owns;areB.owns;isC.own;isD.own;are

19.Duringthedays,heworkedasaservantattheBrowns.

A.followedB.followingC.tofollowD.thatfollowed

20.Isoxygentheonlygashelpsfireburn?

A.thatB./C.whichD.it

21.Thecleverboymadeaholeinthewall,hecouldseewasgoingoninsidehouse.

A.which;whatB.throughwhich;whatC.throughthat;whatD.what;that

22.IssomeGermanfriendsvisitedlastweek?

A.thisschoolB.thistheschoolC.thisschooloneD.thisschoolwhere

23.Johngotbeateninthegame,hadbeenexpected.

A.asB.thatC.whatD.who

24.1haveboughttwoballpens,_______writeswell.

A.noneofthemB.neitherofthemC.neitherofwhichD.noneofwhich

25.Allthatcanbeeateneatenup.

A.arebeingB.hasbeenC.hadbeenD.havebeen

三、学法提炼

1、专题特点：

1）注重考查关系代词和关系副词的基本功能和用法；

2）重点考查多种从句的区别，具体语境中的运用；

3）题目在句意上紧跟时代，在结构上越来越复杂。

2、解题方法：

1）一找：找出先行词（在主句中找名词或代词）；

2）二放：把先行词放到从句中；

3）三判断：判断先行词在从句中所作的成分。

3、注意事项：

1）准确掌握关系代词和关系副词的基本意义和用法;

2）正确划分句子结构；

3）结合语境选定所需要的关系词。

⑶能力培养

例题：

Notnecessarilybecauseofthepromiseoffreeorreducedpricephonecallswhichexpertspointoutismisleadingforihe

averagebusiness,butbecauseofthesophisticatedvoiceservicesthatcanbeexplodedbytheremoteworker-facilitiessuchas

voice-mailandcallforwarding,whichprovideacontinuityofihecompanyimageforcustomersandbusinessparlners.

方法总结：关注定语从句结构的完整性，准确分析句子结构，找出各个知识点之间的关联。

检测题(一)：分析句子结构

l.Tous,themostimportantdecisionyou'llmakeisthattochoosetheschoolthatreallyfitsyoubest-nottheonethatisthe

mostcompetitiveorhasthebest—equipped.

2.Meanwhile,AppleComputer,whichlaunchedavideocapableversionofitsiPodportablemusicplayerinOctober,is

strikingdealswithtelevisionworkstoexpandtherangeofshowsthatcanbepurchasedforviewingonthedevice,including

"Lost",“DesperateHousewives,,and"Law&Order”.

检测题(二)：改错

1.Thefactorywhereheworksthereisalargeone.

(2)ThisisthecompanywevisiteditlastSunday.

(3)TherewasatimewhenIhatedgoingtoschoolatthattime.

检测题(三)：用适当的词填空

(l)IsthisbookyouborrowedfromthelibrarylastSunday?

(2)Isthisthefactorycomputersarebuilt?

(3)Isthisfactorywevisitedlastyear?

(4)Isthisthefactorywevisitedlastyear?

(5)ThebossdepartmentMs.Kingworkedtenyearsagolooksdownuponwomen.

(6)Meetingmyuncleafteralltheseyearswasanunforgettablemoment,Iwillalwaystreasure.

二、能力点评

学法升华

一、知识收获

I.定语从句关系词的分类和基本用法是什么？

2.定语从句解题步骤是什么？

3.定语从句特殊点有哪些？

二、方法总结

1.还原法

2.对比法

3.句子结构分析法

4.口诀法

5.标点符号法

三、技巧提炼

1.将定语从句还原为完整的句子；

2.判断句子成分后选择关系词；

3.特殊点记忆。

课后作业

作业（一）：定语从句基本知识点复习，完成表格

关系词先行词充当成分

who

关whom

系

代that

词

which

whose=ofwhom/ofwhich

as

限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句

从句与先行词

的关系

标点

关

系

代

词

修饰

翻译

作业（二）：单项选择（2013高考试题）

1.Manycountriesarenowsettingupnationalparksanimalsandplantscanbeprotected.

A.whenB.whichC.whoseD.where

2.Thebooktellsstoriesoftheearthquakethroughtheeyesofthose__liveswereaffected.

A.whoseB.thatC.whoD.which

3.MoYanwasawardedtheNobelPrizeforLiteraturein2012,madeoneoftheChinesepeople'slong-helddreams

cometrue.

A.itB.thatC.whatD.which

4.Happinessandsuccessoftencometothosearegoodatrecognizingtheirownstrengths.

A.whomB.whoC.whatD.which

5.ThepresidentoftheWorldBanksayshehasapassionforChina,heremembersstartingasearlyashischildhood.

A.whereB.whichC.whatD.when

6.Hewrotealetterheexplainswhathadhappenedintheaccident.

A.whatB.whichC.whereD.how

7.Hemaywinthecompetition,heislikelytogetintothenationalteam.

A.inwhichcaseB.inthatcaseC.inwhatcaseD.inwhosecase

8.Thereisnosimpleanswer,isoftenthecaseinscience.

A.asB.thatC.whenD.where

9.Finallyhereachedalonelyislandwascompletelycutofffromtheoutsideworld.

A.whenB.whereC.whichD.whom

10.isoftenthecasewithchildren,Amywasbetterbythetimethedoctorarrived.

A.ItB.ThatC.WhatD.As

11.Nowadayspeoplearemoreconcernedabouttheenvironmenttheylive.

A.whatB.whichC.whenD.where

12.Wehavelaunchedanotherman-madesatellite,isannouncedintoday'snewspaper.

A.thatB.whichC.whoD.what

13.“Youcan9tjudgeabookbyitscover,5,.

A.asthesayinggoesoldB.goesastheoldsaying

C.astheoldsayinggoesD.goesasoldthesaying

14.Johninvitedabout40peopletohiswedding,mostofarefamilymembers.

A.themB.thatC.whichD.whom

15.Thechildren,hadplayedthewholedaylong,werewornout.

A.allofwhatB.allofwhichC.allofthemD.allofwhom

16.Themuseumwillopeninthespringwithanexhibitionandaviewingplatformvisitorscanwatchthebirds*

glasshousesbeingbuilt.

A.whatB.whereC.whenD.why

作业（三）：请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入二仝最恰当的单词。

注意：请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。每个空格只填一个单词。

Therearemanythingsthatwewishtoachieveinlife.Forsome,wesetgoalsandobjectives,andfbrsomewedon't.Try

torememberthelasttimeyousetagoaltoachieveacertaintask.Wereyouabletocompletethetaskinaneffectivemanner?

Thetaskswhicharedonebysettingandmeetingdailygoalswilldefinitelybeusefulandrewardingexperiences.A

step-by-stepapproachtowardsachievingsmallergoalsisthekeytoachievinglargerones.

Whenitcomestotheworkplace,eachandeveryemployeeisexpectedtomeetdailyresponsibilitiesandexpectations.

Withorganizationsbecomingmoreandmorecompetitive,theimportanceofgoal-settingforemployeesisincreasing.Ithelps

theemployeetoperfonnbetterandincreaseshisorherefficiencyandtimemanagement.ItJsalsoimportantforeverystudent

tosethighacademicgoalssoastobeabletobuildagoodcareer.

Settinggoalsforcompletingthedailyschedulehelpsanemployeetofinishtheassignedtasksandtargetsinatimely

manner.Ifanemployeeisperformingthewayheorsheisexpectedto,thenthiswillautomaticallyincreasetheperformance,

outputandproductivityofboththeemployeeandtheorganization.Dailystudytargetsarethesame.Thishelpsyoucomplete

yourassignmentswithinthesettime,thusputtinglesspressureonyouduringexamsandincreasingyourchancesof

performingwell.

Howmanytimesyouhavetobeatworkonaweekendjusttocompleteyourwork?Howmanytimesyouhavehadtostay

upallnighttocompleteyourhomeworkorstudyforyourexams?Hadyoufollowedyoursetgoalsandtargetsrightfromthe

beginning,youwouldhavespentthetimerelaxingratherthanbeingbusyworkingorstudying!Settingupgoalsand

objectiveshelpsyouorganizeyourtimeandeffortsi