2025版新教材高中英语Unit1PeopleofAchievementSectionⅡLearningAboutLanguage提能作业新人教版选择性必修第一册

UNIT1SectionⅡ一、语言基础训练Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Theyarrivedatafarmhouse,infrontofwhichsatasmallboy.2．Theengineer,withwhommyfatherworks,isabout50yearsold.3．HeisgoodatEnglish,asweallknow.4．LiMing,withwhomIwenttotheconcert,enjoyeditverymuch.5．Theletterisfrommysister，whoisworkinginBeijing.6．Inourfactorythereare2,000workers,twothirdsofwhomarewomen.7．Ilostabook,whosetitleIcan'tremembernow.8．LastsummerwevisitedtheWestLake,forwhichHangzhouisfamousintheworld.9．Thismachine,whichIhavelookedafterformanyyears,isstillworkingperfectly.10．Heisworkinghard,whichwillmakehimpassthefinalexam.Ⅱ.句型转换1．ItisknowntousthatTaiwanispartofChina.→Asisknowntous,TaiwanispartofChina.2．Thisistheroomwhich/thatmygrandmotherusedtolivein.→Thisistheroomwheremygrandmotherusedtolive.3．Chinahashundredsofislands,ofwhichTaiwanisthelargest.→Chinahashundredsofislands,thelargestofwhichisTaiwan.4．Ourvillageisnolongerwhatitwas30yearsago.→Ourvillageisnolongertheone/villagethatitwas30yearsago.5．Theoldmanhastwodaughters,andbothofthemworkasdoctors.→Theoldmanhastwodaughters,bothofwhomworkasdoctors.6．IwishtothankProfessorSmith.WithoutSmith'shelpIwouldneverhavegotthisopportunity.→IwishtothankProfessorSmith,withoutwhosehelpIwouldneverhavegotthisopportunity.二、培优提升训练Ⅰ.阅读理解(2024·安徽省A10联盟高一下学期开年考试)SomeonesaysthatnooneintheworldistheretomatchElonMusk.Therearethreekindsofpeopleinthisworld：thosewhomakeithappen,thosewhowatchithappen,andthosewhospendtheirlifeaskingwhathappensaboutMusk.Thewholeworldknowswherehestands.Itseemslikehefollowstherule：“Doordonot”，“Thereisnotry”．MuskwasbornonJune28,1971,inPretoria,SouthAfrica.HespenthisearlychildhoodwithhissistersToscaandKimbleinSouthAfrica.Attheageoften,hewonoverhisagefellows:Heengagedhimselfinlearninghowtoprogramcomputers.Moreover,Musk'sbrainwasagreatgift.Attheveryyoungageof12hecreatedandsoldhisownvideogame,Blaster,for$500toamagazine.Muskwassoabsorbedinhisdreamsandinventionsasachildthathisparentsaskeddoctorstocheckhishearing.Moreover,hewasbookishandamanoffewwordsatschool.ThoughMuskwasanoutstandingchild,yethedidn'thaveahappychildhood.Otherkidsusedtobullyhimandhetriedtoavoidgoingtoschool.Thiscontinueduntilhelearnedboxingandwrestlingat15.ThenMuskmovedtoCanadatoattendQueensUniversity,wherehegotaBachelor'sdegreeineconomics.Afterthathecontinuedhisbusinesscareer.MuskhasbeenanAmericansince2002andenjoysthenationalitiesofSouthAfricaandCanadatoo.Hebecamerichinhislate20swhenhesoldhiscompanyZip2.In2016hewasthe21strichestpersonintheworld.Heisnowamemberofthetoptwentyrichestpersonsoftheworldandholdsthenetworthof$44.2billion.文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍ElonMusk(伊隆·马斯克)的成长故事。1．Whatdoestheauthorwanttoexpressinthefirstparagraph？DA．NobodywillplayamatchwithMusk.B．Threepeoplecontroltheworld.C．Muskdislikestryinganything.D．Muskisworld­famousandgreat.解析：推理推断题。依据第一段“Someonesays...‘Thereisnotry’．”可推知，作者认为无人能与Musk相提并论，他是世界闻名的宏大人物。故选D。2．WhendidMusksellhisvideogame,Blaster？BA．In1981. B．In1983.C．In1986. D．In2002.解析：微小环节理解题。依据其次段中的“MuskwasbornonJune28,1971”可知，Musk诞生于1971年6月28日；再依据“Atthe...Blaster”可知，他12岁时，即1983年把电子游戏Blaster卖掉。故选B。3．WhydidMusk'sparentsaskdoctorstocheckhishearing？DA．Becausehefeltagreatpaininhisears.B．Becausehisparentswantedtogivehimearaids.C．Becausehewasinjuredwhilelearningboxingandwrestling.D．Becausehemighthavefailedtorespondwhenhewascalled.解析：推理推断题。依据其次段中的“Muskwas...hishearing.”可推知，Musk小时候专注自己的幻想和独创，以至于对别人的叫喊经常不做出反应，家长以为他的耳朵出了问题，所以要医生给他检查耳朵。故选D。4．WhatcanweknowaboutMuskfromthelastparagraph?CA．HesetupthecompanyZip2inhislate20s.B．HehasgivenupthenationalityofCanada.C．Hebecamethe21strichestpersonintheworldat45.D．Hehasgivenaway$44.2millionovertheyears.解析：微小环节理解题。依据其次段第一句可知，Musk诞生于1971年，再依据最终一段倒数其次句“In2016hewasthe21strichestpersonintheworld.”可知，2016年，即在他45岁时成为世界上第21位最富有的人。故选C。Ⅱ.完形填空阅读下面短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。(2024·新课标全国Ⅰ卷)OnOct.11,hundredsofrunnerscompetedinacross­countryraceinMinnesota.MelanieBaileyshouldhave1.Dthecourseearlierthanshedid.Her2.Acamebecauseshewascarryinga3.Dacrossthefinishline.Asreportedbyalocalnewspaper,Baileywasmorethantwo­thirdsofthewaythroughher4.Awhenarunnerinfrontofherbegancryinginpain.She5.Ctohelpherfellowrunner,DanielleLenoue.Baileytookherarmtoseeifshecouldwalkforwardwith6.B.Shecouldn't.Baileythen7.DtoletLenoueclimbontoherbackandcarriedherallthewaytothefinishline,thenanother300feettowhereLenouecouldget8.Aattention.Oncethere,Lenouewas9.Bandlatertakentoahospital,whereshelearnedthatshehadseriousinjuriesinoneofherknees.Shewouldhavestruggledwithextreme10.BtomakeittothataidcheckpointwithoutBailey'shelp.AsforBailey,sheismore11.Caboutwhyheractisconsideredabig12.D.“Shewasjustcrying.Icouldn't13.Aher，”Baileytoldthereporter.“IfeellikeIwasjustdoingtherightthing.”Althoughthetwoyoungwomenwerestrangersbeforethe14.C,they'vesincebecomefriends.Neitherwontherace,butthe15.Bofhumankindnesswontheday.文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲解并描述了在明尼苏达州实行的一次越野赛中，MelanieBailey背着另一个参赛者DanielleLenoue过终点线并接受医疗检查的善行义举。1．A.designed B．followedC．changed D．finished解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：MelanieBailey应当更早完成竞赛。A.designed设计；B．followed跟随；C.changed变更；D．finished完成。依据下一段的“carriedherallthewaytothefinishline,thenanother300feettowhereLenouecouldget8attention”可知，Bailey在竞赛中背一名参赛者，所以完成竞赛晚了，因此句子表示“MelanieBailey应当更早完成竞赛”。故选D。2．A.delay B．chanceC．trouble D．excuse解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的延迟是因为她背着一名竞争对手冲过终点线。A.delay延误；B．chance机会；C.trouble麻烦；D．excuse借口。依据上文“MelanieBaileyshouldhave1thecourseearlierthanshedid”和上一题的解析可知，MelanieBailey应当更早完成竞赛，她的延迟是因为她背着一名竞争对手冲过终点线。故选A。3．A.judge B．volunteerC．classmate D．competitor解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的延迟是因为她背着一名参赛者冲过终点线。A.judge裁判；B．volunteer志愿者；C.classmate同学；D．competitor参赛者。依据第一段的“hundredsofrunnerscompetedinacross­countryrace”可知，她是背着一名参赛者冲过终点线。故选D。4．A.race B．schoolC．town D．training解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：据当地一家报纸报道，当Bailey跑到竞赛的三分之二多的时候，她前面的一名选手起先苦痛地哭泣。A.race竞赛；B．school学校；C.town城镇；D．training训练。依据第一段的“hundredsofrunnerscompetedinacross­countryrace”可知，此处是说“当Bailey跑到竞赛的三分之二多的时候”。故选A。5．A.agreed B．returnedC．stopped D．promised解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：她停下来帮助她的同伴DanielleLenoue。A.agreed同意；B．returned回来；C.stopped停止；D．promised答应。依据下文“tohelpherfellowrunner”可知，她停下来帮助她的同伴DanielleLenoue。故选C。6．A.courage B．aidC．patience D．advice解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：Bailey扶着她的胳膊，看看她能否在帮助下向前走。A.courage志气；B．aid帮助；C.patience耐性；D．advice建议。依据上文“Baileytookherarm”可知，此处表示看她是否能在她的帮助下向前走。故选B。7．A.wentaway B．stoodupC．steppedaside D．bentdown解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：然后Bailey弯下腰，让Lenoue爬到她的背上，一路背着她走到终点线，然后又走了300英尺，到Lenoue接受治疗的地方。A.wentaway离开； B．stoodup站起来；C.steppedaside让路；D．bentdown弯腰。依据下文“letLenoueclimbontoherback”可知，Bailey弯下腰，让Lenoue爬到她的背上。故选D。8．A.medical B．publicC．constant D．equal解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后Bailey弯下腰，让Lenoue爬到她的背上，一路背着她走到终点线，然后又走了300英尺，到Lenoue接受治疗的地方。A.medical医疗的；B．public公众的；C.constant持续不断的；D．equal同等的。依据上文“begancryinginpain”可知，DanielleLenoue很疼，所以是要接受治疗，medicalattention意为“医疗救助”。故选A。9．A.interrupted B．assessedC．identified D．appreciated解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：Lenoue在那里接受了检查，后来被送往医院，在那里她得知自己的一个膝盖受了重伤。A.interrupted打断；B．assessed评估；C.identified识别；D．appreciated感谢。依据下文“latertakentoahospital”可知，她是先接受了检查，再被送往医院，也就是先接受评估。故选B。10．A.hunger B．painC．cold D．tiredness解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：假如没有Bailey的帮助，她可能会在极度的苦痛中挣扎着到达那个救济检查站。A.hunger饥饿；B．pain难过；C.cold感冒；D．tiredness乏累。依据第5空前的“begancryinginpain”可知，此处表示“假如没有Bailey的帮助，她可能会在极度的苦痛中挣扎着到达那个救济检查站”。故选B。11．A.worried B．ashamedC．confused D．discouraged解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：至于Bailey，她更困惑的是为什么她的行为被认为是一件大事。A.worried担忧的；B．ashamed惭愧的；C.confused困惑的；D．discouraged泄气的。依据下文“IfeellikeIwasjustdoingtherightthing”可知，Bailey觉得自己只是做了正确的事情，所以她对她的行为被认为是一件大事感到困惑。故选C。12．A.game B．problemC．lesson D．deal解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：至于Bailey，她更困惑的是为什么她的行为被认为是一件大事。A.game游戏；B．problem问题；C.lesson课；D．deal交易，局面。依据下文“IfeellikeIwasjustdoingtherightthing”可知，Bailey觉得自己只是做了正确的事情，所以她对她的行为被认为是一件大事感到困惑，abigdeal意为“特殊重要的事”。故选D。13．A.leave B．cureC．bother D．understand解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不能离开她。A.leave离开；B．cure治愈；C.bother打扰；D．understand理解。依据上文“Shewasjustcrying”以及让Lenoue爬到她的背上，一路背着她走到终点线，然后又走了300英尺。可知，Bailey望见Lenoue哭喊，所以觉得不能离开她。故选A。14．A.ride B．testC．meet D．show解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然这两个年轻女子在那场体育竞赛之前是生疏人，但后来她们成了挚友。A.ride短途旅程；B．test测试；C.meet体育竞赛；D．show展示。依据第一段“hundredsofrunnerscompetedinacross­countryrace”及空前的“thetwoyoungwomenwerestrangersbefore”可知，当时是一场竞赛，句子表示“这两个年轻女子在那场体育竞赛之前是生疏人”。故选C。15．A.secret B．displayC．benefit D．exchange解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：两人都没有赢得竞赛，但展示出的人类和善赢得了胜利。A.secret隐私；B．display展示；C.benefit利益；D．exchange交换。依据其次段的“letLenoueclimbontoherbackandcarriedherallthewaytothefinishline,thenanother300feettowhereLenouecouldget8attention”可知，Bailey背着一个参赛者过终点，并背她去接受检查，这展示了人类的和善。故选B。Ⅲ.语法填空阅读短文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Faradaywasthe1.inventor(invent)oftheelectricgeneratorandelectricmotor.Faraday'sfathersufferedfromlong­timehealthproblems,asaresultof2.whichhisfamilyhadlittlemoneytoaffordhisformalschooling.Buthewascuriousanddeterminedtolearn.While3.working(work)inLondonasateenager,hehadachancetoread4.various(vary)booksthathecouldgethishandson.In1812,heattendedfourlecturesattheRoyalInstitutiongivenbyafamouschemistnamedHumphreyDavy.AyearlaterFaraday5.wasaccepted(accept)asDavy'slabassistant.DavyalsotookFaradayon6.an18­monthtourofEurope,whereFaradaymetsomeofthemostfamousscientistsoftheday.ButforDavy,Fa