高中英语语法基础-被动语态和同步练习 (有参考答案)

高中英语语法基础——被动语态讲解与同步训练

一、被动语态的基本形式

1.被动语态的基本时态变化

被动语态通常为十种时态的被动形式，被动语态由be+过去分词构成，be随时态的变化而

变化。以do为例，各种时态的被动语态形式为：

1)am/is/are+done(过去分词)一般现在时+被动语态

Visitors(request)nottotouchtheexhibits.

2)was/weredone一般过去时+被动语态

I(give)tenminutestodecidewhichIshouldchoose.

3)has/havebeendone现在完成时+被动语态

Allthepreparations(complete).

4)hadbeendone过去完成时+被动语态

Bytheendoflastyear,anothernewgym(complete)inBeijing.

5)am/is/aredeingdone现在进行时+被动语态

Anewcinema(build)here.

6)was/werebeingdone过去进行时+被动语态

Ameeting(hold)whenIwasthere.

7)shall/willbedone一般将来时+被动语态

Hundredsofjobs(lose)ifthefactorycloses.

8)should/wouldbedone过去将来时+被动语态

Thenews(send)tothesoldier'smother.

9)shall/willhavebeendone将来完成时+被动语态

Theproject(complete)beforeJuly.

10)should/wouldhavebeendone过去将来完成时+被动语态

Hetoldmethathisnewclothes(make)verysoon.

2.被动语态的特殊结构形式

1）、带情态动词的被动结构：情态动词+be+done（过去分词）

Thebabyshould（take）goodcareofbythebaby-sitter.

2）、在使役动词have,make,get以及感官动词see,watch,notice,hear,等后面不定式作宾

语时，在主动结构中不定式to要省略，但变为被动结构时，要加too

Someonesawastrangerwalkintothebuilding.?

3）、非谓语动词的被动语态：being+done或tobe+done

Idon'tlike（laugh）atinthepublic.

Idon'twant（laugh）atinthepublic.

4）、Itissaidthat+从句及其他类似句型

一些表示“据说”的动词如believe,consider,expect,report,say,suppose,think等可以用于句型

“It+is/was+过去分词+that从句”或"主语+be+过去分词+todosth.''。有：Itissaidthat...

据说Jtisreportedthat...据报道,Itisbelievedthat…大家相信,Itishopedthat…大家希望,It

iswel1knownthat…众所周知,Itisthoughtthat...大家认为,Itissuggestedthat…据建议。Itis

saidthattheboyhaspassedtheexam./Theboyissaidtohavepassedtheexam.

二、谓语动词的主动形式表示被动意义

1、英语中有很多动词如lock,open,sell,read,write,wash等，当它们被用作不及物动词

来描述主语特征时，常用其主动形式表达被动意义，主语通常是物。

Thiskindofclothwasheswell.

注意：主动语态表被动强调的是主语的特征，而被动语态则强调外界作用造成的影响。

试比较：

Thedoorwon'tlock.（指门本身有毛病）

Thedoorwon*tbelocked.（指不会有人来锁门，指“门没有锁”是人的原因）

2、系动词没有被动形式，但有些表示感受、感官的连系动词feel,sound,taste,

look,smell常以主动形式表示被动意义。

Yourreasonsoundsreasonable.

三、非谓语动词的主动形式表被动意义

1、在need,want,require等词的后面，动名词用主动形式表示被动意义，其含义相当于动

词不定式的被动形式。

Thehouseneedsrepairing(toberepaired).这房子需要修理。

2、形容词worth后面跟动名词的主动形式表示被动含义，但不能跟动词不定式；而worthy

后面跟动词不定式的被动形式。

Thepicture-bookiswellworthreading.(=Thepicture-bookisveryworthytoberead.)

3、在too…to...结构中，不定式前面可加逻辑主语，所以应用主动形式表示被动意义。

Thisbookistooexpensive(forme)tobuy.

被动语态同步练习:

()1.Itissaidthatanewrobot____byhiminafewdays

A.designedB.hasbeendesigned

C.willbedesignedD.willhavebeendesigned

()2.Shewillstopshowingoffifnonoticeofher.

A.istakenB.takesC.willbetakenD.hastaken

()3.DiamondinBrazilin1971.

A.isfoundB.hasbeenfoundC.wasfoundD.hadbeenfound

()4.“Haveyoumovedintothenewflat?”"Notyet.Theroom

A.hasbeenpaintedB.ispaintedC.paintsD.isbeingpainted

()5.MypicturesuntilnextFriday.

A.won'tdevelopB.aren'tdeveloped

C.don'tdevelopD.won11bedeveloped

()6.Tim____sincehelosthisjobthreeweeksago.

A.hadbeenunemployedB.wasunemployed

C.hasbeenunemployedD.hasunemployed

)7.I'llpushthecartothesideoftheroadbecausewe____ifweleaveithere.

A.wouldbefinedB.willbefined

C.willbeingfinedD.willhavebeenfined

()8.1foundabottledroppedonthefloorofDavid'sroom.

A.wasB.hadC.hadbeenD.is

()9.Yououghttohaveputthemilkintherefrigerator.Nowsou匚

A.IsmellB.itissmeltC.itsmellsD.itissmelling

()10.1thinkmuchattentionyourpronunciation.

A.mustbepaidtoB.oughttobepaid

C.mustpaytoD.shouldpaidto

()11.1don*trememberthechancetotrythismethod.

A.havingbeengivenB.tohavebeengiven

C.havinggivenD.tohavegiven

()12.Theconstructionofthelabbytheendofnextmonth.

A.mustbecompletingB.musthavebeencompleted

C.willbecompletingD.willhavebeencompleted

()13.Asweapproachedtheworksite,theworkerswereseenthenewhouse.

A.buildingB.buildC.builtD.tobuild

()14.Thecompositionanymore.

A.neednottobecorrectedB.doesn'tneed