江苏省南通市通州区2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末考试英语试题（解析版）

2023〜2024学年（下）期末学业水平质量监测初二英语注意事项考生在答题前请认真阅读本注意事项：1.本试卷分第一卷和第二卷两部分。第一卷1至8页，第二卷9至12页。满分140分。考试时间120分钟。考试结束，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。2.答题前，请务必将自己的姓名、学号用0.5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔填写在试卷及答题卡上指定的位置。3.答案必须按要求填涂、书写在答题卡上，在试卷、草稿纸上答题一律无效。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再正确填涂该答案。第I卷（选择题共75分）一、听力部分（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）第一部分听对话回答问题（计10分）1.HowdoesSimon’sfathergotoworknow?A.B.C.2.Whoaretheytalkingabout?AB.C.3.Whatistheboydoing?A.B.C.4.Whatdoesthesignsay?A.B.C.5.HowmanytimeshasMissRowlingvisitedNantongMuseum?A.Once.B.Twice.C.Threetimes.6.Whoarethetwospeakers?A.Motherandson.B.Teacherandstudent.C.Husbandandwife.7.Whatcanwelearnfromthetalk?A.Thewomandoesn’tagreewiththeplan.B.Thewomandoesn’tcareabouttheplan.C.Thewomanthinkstheplanisnecessary.8.Whatistheman?A.AnengineerB.Ateacher.C.Adoctor.9.Whatdoestheboywanttodo?A.Tojoinacharitywalk.B.Toorganizeacharitywalk.C.Togiveatalkonthecharity.10.Howmuchdoestheman’scomputercost?A.450dollars.B.500dollarsC.550dollars.第二部分听对话和短文答题（计10分）听对话，回答以下各小题。11.WhatareKateandTomtalkingabout?A.Theirstudyplan.B.Theirtravelplan.C.Theirweekendplan12.WherewillKatemaybetomorrowmorning?A.Athome.B.Atthecinema.C.Atthesupermarket听短文，回答以下各小题。请根据短文内容，选择正确答案，完成信息记录表。ManandNatureSuitablefor13Theprice22yuanMainideaIt’sabouthowto14.Timetodiscuss1513.A.PrimaryschoolstudentsB.MiddleschoolstudentsC.Collegestudents14.A.communicatewithothersB.studyEnglishC.Protecttheenvironment15.A.NextMondayafternoonB.NextMondaymorningC.ThisMondayafternoon听短文，回答以下各小题。16.Howmaythestudentsfeelwhenhavingsuccessinaschoolplay?A.Excited.B.Pleased.C.Interested17.WhatisMissWang’sgoodwayofrememberingthings?A.Towritedownstories.B.Totakelotsofphotos.C.Tomakeayearbook18.Whenisayearbookusuallymade?A.InDecember.B.InMayC.InSeptember19.Whatdidtheydofirst?A.BoughtsomecardsB.ChosethepersonsC.Interviewedthegirls20.Howdidthestudentsputallthethingstogether?A.Withtheirteacher’shelp.B.Bythemselves.C.Withtheirparents’help.二、单项选择（本题共5小题；每小题1分’满分5分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1.—IwanttovisitXi’an.Couldyoutellmesomethingaboutit?—Sorry,Iknowjustalittle.Youcanreadthe________onitswebsite.A.introduction B.conclusion C.conversation D.instruction【答案】A【解析】句意：——我想参观西安。你能告诉我关于它的一些情况吗？——对不起，我只知道一点。你可以在它的网站上读介绍。考查名词词义辨析。introduction介绍；conclusion结论；conversation交谈；instruction说明。根据“Youcanreadthe...onitswebsite.”可知，可以在网站上看介绍。故选A。

2.—Look!Whathaveyoudone?—Sorry.IthinkifI________anotherchance,I’lldoitbetter.A.offer B.willbeoffered C.willoffer D.amoffered【答案】D【解析】句意：——看，你做了什么？——对不起。我想如果再给我一次机会，我会做得更好。考查被动语态和时态。本句主语是I，和谓语offer之间是被动关系，本句是if引导的条件状语从句，遵循主将从现，故此处从句用一般现在时的被动语态am/is/aredone，故选D。3—WhatdoyouthinkofMike?—Heishelpfulandkind.Heoften________importantadvicetoothersinneed.A.handsout B.putsout C.worksout D.runsout【答案】A【解析】句意：——你觉得迈克怎么样？——他乐于助人，和蔼可亲。他经常向有需要的人提出重要的建议。考查动词短语。handsout分发，拿出；putsout扑灭；worksout算出；runsout用完。根据“Heishelpfulandkind.Heoften...importantadvice”可知，他乐于助人，常常给他人提供重要的建议。故选A。4.—________usefulknowledgeyourunclehas!—Exactly.AndIhavelearntalotfromhim.A.What B.Whata C.How D.Whatan【答案】A【解析】句意：——你叔叔有多么有用的知识啊！——确实如此。我已经向他学习了很多。考查感叹句。what引导的感叹句结构：What+形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语！Whata/an+形容词+单数可数名词+主语+谓语！how引导的感叹句结构：How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语！How+形容词+a/an+单数可数名词+主语+谓语！此处knowledge是不可数名词，因此用what。故选A。5.—Don’tstayuplatetocompletetheproject,oryou’llbetiredout.—Ican’tagreemore.Justasthesayinggoes,“________”.A.Nopain,nogain. B.Don’tburnthecandleatbothends.C.Practicemakesperfect. D.Don’tputallyoureggsinonebasket.【答案】B【解析】句意：——不要熬夜完成这个项目，否则你会很累的。——完全同意。正如俗话所说“不要过分消耗精力”。考查谚语。Nopain,nogain.一分耕耘一分收获；Don’tburnthecandleatbothends.不要过分消耗精力；Practicemakesperfect.熟能生巧；Don’tputallyoureggsinonebasket.不要孤注一掷。根据“Don’tstayuplatetocompletetheproject,oryou’llbetiredout.”可知，建议不要熬夜很晚，所以这里让对方不要过分消耗精力。故选B。三、完形填空（本题共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AWhenIwasyoung,IwasafraidtoanswerquestionsinclassandIfoundthatmanystudentswerejustlikeme.Atthebeginningofeachclass,whentheteacheraskedaquestion,Ihardly(几乎不)____6____myhead,forfearthattheteachersawme.Oneday,anexpert(专家)cametogiveatalkinaforeignlanguageclass.Thespeakeralwayswantedsomeonetohavea____7____withhim,soheaskedproblems.Butnoonereplies.Thespeakersaidwitha____8____,“Nevermind.Letmetellyouastory.”“WhenIstudiedinthecollege,avery____9____manoftencametomakeaspeech(演讲).Andbeforethebeginningofeveryspeech,I____10____somethinginteresting.Thestudentsaroundmealwaystookacardboard,wrotetheir____11____withthemosteye-catchingcolour,andputitontheseat.____12____whenthespeakerneededthereply,hecouldseeandcallalistener’snamedirectly.Icouldn’tunderstandthereason.Thenastudenttoldmethespeakerswereallverysuccessful.That____13____chances.Whenyouranswersurpriseshim,it’sverypossiblethathewillgiveyoumore____14____.Thisisaverysimplereason.”Infact,thechancewillnotfindyou____15____.Youmustshowyourselftocatchothers’attentionforyoutofindachanceonthecard.6.A.shook B.lifted C.nodded D.hid7.A.discussion B.chat C.meal D.game8.A.surprise B.smile C.hurry D.fear9.A.successful B.different C.polite D.proud10.A.covered B.thought C.noticed D.heard11.A.names B.addresses C.answers D.numbers12.A.Asaresult B.Inall C.Aswell D.Byaccident13.A.expresses B.allows C.means D.adds14.A.replies B.abilities C.chances D.questions15.A.himself B.itself C.yourself D.themselves【答案】6.B7.A8.B9.A10.C11.A12.A13.C14.C15.B【解析】【导语】本文主要介绍了一位演讲者向大家讲述了一个道理，要敢于展示自己引起别人的注意，这是获得机会取得成功的必备条件。【6题】句意：每节课开始的时候，当老师问一个问题的时候，我几乎都不抬头，生怕老师看见我。shook摇；lifted抬起；nodded点头；hid隐藏。根据“Iwasafraidtoanswerquestionsinclass”可知，是几乎不抬头。故选B。【7题】句意：演讲者总是希望有人跟他讨论，所以他提出了问题。discussion讨论；chat聊天；meal饭；game游戏。根据“soheaskedproblems”可知，是演讲者希望有人和他讨论。故选A。【8题】句意：演讲者笑着说：“没关系。让我给你们讲个故事。”surprise惊喜；smile微笑；hurry匆忙；fear害怕。根据“Nevermind”可知，是笑着说。故选B。【9题】句意：当我在大学学习的时候，一个非常成功的人经常来做演讲。successful成功的；different不同的；polite礼貌的；proud骄傲的。根据“Thenastudenttoldmethespeakerswereallverysuccessful.”可知，是一个非常成功的人。故选A。【10题】句意：每次演讲开始前，我都注意到一些有趣的事情。covered覆盖；thought想法；noticed注意；heard听。根据“Thestudentsaroundmealwaystookacardboard,wrotetheirnameswiththemosteye-catchingcolour,andputitontheseat.”可知，是注意到这些事情。故选C。11题】句意：我周围的同学总是拿着一张硬纸板，用最醒目的颜色写下自己的名字，并放在座位上。names名字；addresses地址；answers答案；numbers数字。根据“hecouldseeandcallalistener’snamedirectly.”可知，是用最醒目的颜色写下自己的名字。故选A。【12题】句意：因此当演讲者需要回答时，他可以直接看到并叫出听众的名字。Asaresult因此；Inall总共；Aswell也；Byaccident偶然。根据“whenthespeakerneededthereply,hecouldseeandcallalistener’snamedirectly.”可知，此句是上句导致的结果。故选A。【13题】句意：这意味着机会。expresses表达；allows允许；means意味着；adds添加。根据“Whenyouranswersurpriseshim,it’sverypossiblethathewillgiveyoumorechances.”可知，应表达意味着机会。故选C。【14题】句意：当你的回答让他感到惊讶时，他很可能会给你更多的机会。replies回复；abilities能力；chances机会；questions问题。根据“Thatmeanschances.”可知，此处应表达更多的机会。故选C。【15题】句意：事实上，机会不会自己找到你。himself他自己；itself它自己；yourself你自己；themselves他们自己。根据“thechancewillnotfindyou...”可知，此处指机会不会自己找到你，用反身代词itself指代机会本身。故选B。BZuTiwasagreatmanofJinDynasty.Hewas____16____forhishardworkandgreatsuccess.Butwhenhewasachild,hewasanaughty(顽皮的)boywhoshowedlittle____17____inreading.Ashegrewup,ZuTi____18____hedidn’thaveenoughknowledge.Andhedeeplyfeltthathecouldnotserve(服务)hiscountrywell.Sohemadeuphismindtostudyhard.ZuTihada____19____friendnamedLiuKun.Theyhadadeepfriendship.Sotheystayedtogethereveryday.Theyevensleptononebedeverynightand____20____atthesametimeeverymorning.Oneday,whentheywere____21____,ZuTiheardtheroostercrowing(打鸣).A(An)____22____cametohim.HewokeupLiuKunandsaid,“Howaboutgettinguptoplayswords(剑)?”Thoughhewasstillsleepy,LiuKunagreedwithZuTigladly.Fromthenon,theygotupandplayedswordsassoonastheroosterbegancrowing.Theykepttheirwordsdayafterday.Theynevergaveupnomatterhow____23____inwinterorhotinsummer.Besides,theybegantostudyhistory____24____andputalltheirenergyintoreadingbooks.Inthisway,theylearnedlotsofknowledgeandmademuchprogress.Afewyearslater,bothofthemgrewupwithtalentsandwisdom.Atlast,their____25____cametrueandtheymadegreatcontributions(贡献)totheircountry.ThisistheChineseidiomstoryToRisewiththeRooster.16.A.sorry B.ready C.famous D.late17.A.kindness B.interest C.pleasure D.training18.A.decided B.realized C.expressed D.agreed19.A.rich B.busy C.close D.lonely20.A.pickedup B.gotup C.gaveup D.madeup21.A.fighting B.discussing C.sleeping D.reading22.A.order B.idea C.review D.answer23.A.long B.dry C.cold D.quiet24.A.hard B.mostly C.wisely D.easily25.A.dreams B.hobbies C.projects D.habits【答案】16.C17.B18.B19.C20.B21.C22.B23.C24.A25.A【解析】【导语】本文主要讲述了祖逖和刘琨闻鸡起舞的故事。【16题】句意：他以努力工作和伟大的成就而闻名。sorry抱歉的；ready准备好的；famous著名的；late迟到的。根据“... forhishardworkandgreatsuccess”可知，祖逖以努力工作和伟大的成就而闻名，befamousfor“以……而闻名”。故选C。【17题】句意：当他还是个孩子的时候，他是一个顽皮的男孩，对阅读没什么兴趣。kindness善良；interest兴趣；pleasure乐趣；training训练。根据“hedidn’thaveenoughknowledge”可知，他对阅读没兴趣，showinterestin“对……表现出兴趣”。故选B。【18题】句意：当祖逖长大后，他意识到自己没有足够的知识。decided决定；realized意识到；expressed表达；agreed同意。根据“Sohemadeuphismindtostudyhard”可知，他意识到自己没有知识的问题。故选B。【19题】句意：祖逖有一个亲密的朋友叫刘琨。rich富有的；busy忙碌的；close亲密的；lonely孤独的。根据“Sotheystayedtogethereveryday.Theyevensleptononebedeverynight”可知，祖逖和刘琨关系很亲密。故选C。【20题】句意：他们甚至每天晚上睡在一张床上，每天早上同时起床。pickedup捡起；gotup起床；gaveup放弃；madeup编造。根据“...atthesametimeeverymorning”可知，此处指他们早上起床时间相同。故选B。【21题】句意：一天，当他们正在睡觉时，祖逖听到公鸡打鸣。fighting打架；discussing讨论；sleeping睡觉；reading阅读。根据“HewokeupLiuKunandsaid...”可知，听到公鸡打鸣时他们正在睡觉。故选C。【22题】句意：他想到了一个主意。order顺序；idea想法；review复习；answer答案。根据“Howaboutgettinguptoplayswords”可知，下文讲述了祖逖的想法。故选B。【23题】句意：无论冬天多么寒冷，夏天多么炎热，他们都从未放弃。long长的；dry干燥的；cold寒冷的；quiet安静的。根据“...inwinterorhotinsummer”可知，冬天的天气是寒冷的。故选C。【24题】句意：此外，他们开始努力学习历史，并把所有的精力都放在读书上。hard努力地；mostly主要的；wisely明智地；easily容易地。根据“putalltheirenergyintoreadingbooks”可知，他们学习很努力。故选A。【25题】句意：最终，他们的梦想实现了，他们为国家做出了巨大的贡献。dreams梦想；hobbies爱好；projects项目；habits习惯。根据“..cametrue”可知，此处指梦想实现。故选A。四、阅读理解（本题共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）AHaveyouheardabout“Survival(生存)Holidays”?“SurvivalHolidays”isforchildrentogointothelonelyplaceforexcitingactivities.Nowabout1,100companiesareallowedtotakechildrenintothegreatoutdoorswithouttheirparents.Thereasonwhypeoplelike“SurvivalHolidays”isthattheythinkbeingclosetonatureisgoodforchildren.ManychildreninbigcitiesspendalltimewatchingTVandplayingcomputergames.“SurvivalHolidays”givesthemanimportantchange.Is“SurvivalHolidays”awonderfulidea?Maybeitis.Childrenneedmorefreetimetoplay.Theyneedtobeleftontheirown,withoutadultsdisturbing(打扰)them.Parentscaretoomuchabouttheirchildren.Theyliketoseethechildrenbeingbusywithactivitiesthatarecontrolled(控制)byadults,butchildrendon’tknowwhattodowhentheyareindanger.Evensomethinglikecrossingasmallriverseemstobeahardproblem.Childrenarenotcomfortablewithdanger.Evensmalldangerlikegettingtheirfeetwetorfallingdownseemsveryterribletothem.Manypeoplethinkthatsurvivalactivitiesaregoodforchildren.Evenyearslater,theywillstillrememberwhattheyhavelearned.Somehavelearnedtostaycalmindifferenttimes.Somehavelearnedhowtokeepsafe.Othershavelearnedhowtoworkinateam.Alltheseskillswillhelpthemalotintheirlives.26.“SurvivalHolidays”,maybehelpful,especiallyto________.A.adults B.companies C.children D.parents27.Whichofthefollowingistrueabout“SurvivalHolidays”accordingtothepassage?A.Parentscantakechildrentonature. B.ChildrenareallowedtowatchTV.CAdultscancontroltheirchildren. D.Childrencanlearnalotofskills.28.Wherecanwereadthepassage?A.Inanovel. B.Inamagazine. C.Inapoem. D.Inastorybook.【答案】26.C27.D28.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了“生存假期”这一活动。这是一种让孩子们在没有父母的情况下进入大自然进行各种活动的假期。【26题】细节理解题。根据“‘SurvivalHolidays’isforchildrentogointothelonelyplaceforexcitingactivities.”可知，SurvivalHolidays是为了让孩子们进入大自然进行各种活动的假期，许多人认为这种假期对孩子们有益，故选C。【27题】细节理解题。根据“Somehavelearnedhowtokeepsafe.Othershavelearnedhowtoworkinateam.Alltheseskillswillhelpthemalotintheirlives.”可知，SurvivalHolidays可以让孩子们学习到很多技能，故选D。【28题】推理判断题。根据文章的内容和形式，这是一篇介绍和解释“生存假期”这一活动的文章，最有可能出现在杂志中，故选B。BWhenIwaslittle,Iwasreallylittle.Butmydreamwasbig.Idreamedofbeingabasketballplayer.Itriedoutfortheteamsatschool,butIwasnevergivenachance.AsIgotolder,Ididgrowalittlebigger,butnotalotbigger.At12,Idecidedtotryanewsport:running.ItoldGrandpa,“I’mgoingtobeanathlete?”“Dave,”Grandpasaidgently,“Ifyoucan’tbebig,youcandosomethingbig.”Iran12milesonmytwelfthbirthday.Onmythirteenthbirthday,Ididitagain,butIaddedanothermile.Onmyfourteenthbirthday,Iran14miles.Asyoucouldguessit—17milesonmyseventeenthbirthday.Allthisrunninginspired(激发)anotherbigdream.Someday,I’drunmarathon(马拉松).ItoldGrandpaaboutmyidea.“But,Dave,youhaven’ttrainedforthemarathon.Areyousureyou’reready?”Grandpaasked.Buthestillsaidhewouldcometocheermeon.Iranfastthatday.ButIfellatMile18andwasdriventothehospital.Laterthatnight,IcalledGrandpaandtoldhimIfailed.Hesaidcalmly,“Youdidn’tfail.Youlearntsomething.Youhavegotthatbigdreamsdon’tjustcometrue.Theytakework.Ifyoutrainandworkhard,Iwillcheeryouonnextyear.”Itrainedeveryday,runningmilesandmiles.Sadly,justtwomonthsintomytraining,Grandpadied.Hewouldn’tbewaitingformysecondmarathon.IdecidedI’drunforhim.Thatday,Iranfast.“Keepgoing!Youcandoit!”Hiswordsfilledmyheadallthetime.AsIcrossedthefinishingline,Iliftedmyarmsintheairandcried,“Grandpa,wedidit!”29.WhydidDavefailtojointheschoolbasketballteam?A.Becausehecouldn’trunfast. B.Becausehedidn’tworkhard.C.Becausehewasnottallenough. D.Becausehewasn’taquicklearner.30.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”referto(指代)?A.Addinganothermile. B.Runningonhisbirthday.C.Trainingformarathon. D.Joiningthebasketballteam.31.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeGrandpa?A.Generous. B.Wise. C.Humorous. D.Honest.32.What’sthebesttitleforthetext?A.DreamBig B.TheMarathon C.Mylife D.Grandpa’sstory【答案】29.C30.B31.B32.A【解析】【导语】本文主要讲述了作者通过自己的努力终于参加了马拉松比赛，并且取得了成功的故事。【29题】细节理解题。根据“WhenIwaslittle,Iwasreallylittle.Butmydreamwasbig.Idreamedofbeingabasketballplayer.Itriedoutfortheteamsatschool,butIwasnevergivenachance.”可知，因为作者不够高，所以没有进入篮球队，故选C。【30题】词义猜测题。根据“Iran12milesonmytwelfthbirthday.Onmythirteenthbirthday,Idid

itagain,butIaddedanothermile.”可知，在作者13岁生日时也坚持跑步，只不过是额外增加了一英里，所以it指代“在生日这天跑步”，故选B。【31题】推理判断题。根据“Youdidn’tfail.Youlearntsomething.Youhavegotthatbigdreamsdon’tjustcometrue.”你没有失败。你学到了一些东西。你明白了伟大的梦想不会凭空而来。可知，祖父是一个明智的人。故选B。【32题】最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文多次出现“bigdream”这样的词语，可以推断出本文也是围绕“大梦想”这个线索展开描述，故选A。CTheoworksdayandnightinthetulip(郁金香)fieldsintheNetherlands,neversayingheistired.Howisthispossible?TheoisarobotnamedafterTheovanderVoort,afarmerattheWAMPenningsfarm.Hisjobistosearchforsicktulipsand,whennecessary,killtroubledonestopreventthevirus(病毒)fromspreadingamongtheplants.Theworkisimportant,especiallyinspring,whenpeoplefromaroundtheworldcometoseethecolorfulflowers.Thereare45robotslikeTheoworkinginthetulipfieldsoftheNetherlands.Theywalkinthefieldsveryslowly,aboutonekilometerperhour,lookingforsicktulips.Therobotshavecamerasinthefrontandtakethousandsofphotosofthetulips.AnAImodelchecksthephotoscarefullyanddecideswhichtulipsneedtobekilled.Inthepast,thisworkwasdonebyhumans.AllanVisser’sfamilyhasbeengrowingtulipsforthreegenerations,andthisisthesecondgrowingseasonthatVisserhasusedtherobot.Hesaiditiscostly—thesameasasportscar—about$200,000.“ButIliketohavetherobotbetter,”Allansaid.“Yeah,itisexpensive,buttherearefewerandfewerpeoplewhocanreallyseethesicktulips.”H2LRoboticsisacompanythatmakestherobots.ErikdeJongisthecompany’smanagingdirector.“WiththehelpofAI,theycanlocate(确定……的位置)theflowersthatneedtobetakenoff.Butasfor‘theheartoftherobot’,”hesaid,“ItwastheknowledgefromfarmerslikeTheovanderVoortthattheyputintotheAImodel.Combined(结合)theknowledgeofexperiencedtulipfarmerswiththeAItechnology,theycanfinallymakeefficient(高效的)robots.”33.WhydofarmersuseTheo?A.Tohelpthemwatertulips. B.Tokeeptulipfieldshealthy.C.Torecordthegrowthoftulips. D.Toguidetouriststoseetulips.34.WhatdoesAllanVisserthinkoftherobot?A.Itisveryhelpful. B.Itcostslessthanasportscar.C.Itneedstobefurtherimproved. D.Itisusedbymostfarmersnow.35.Whatcanbeinferred(推断)fromErikdeJong’sword?A.Technologyisusefulforfarmersinraisingtheirskills.B.TheovanderVoortgetslittlehelpfromAItechnology.C.Farmers’knowledgeiskeytothedevelopmentofrobots.D.Therobotswillleadtonotulipfarmersinthenearfuture.36.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A.Todescribeanamazingexperience. B.TointroduceanewAItechnology.C.Toadvisepeoplehowtoprotecttulips. D.Toexplainhowtoplantsometulips.【答案】33.B34.A35.C36.B【解析】【导语】本文主要介绍了一个名叫Theo的机器人，它可以在郁金香田里工作，目的是寻找生病的郁金香，并杀死它们，以防止病毒在有价值的植物中传播。【33题】细节理解题。根据“Hisjobistosearchforsicktulipsand,whennecessary,killtroubledonestopreventthevirus(病毒)fromspreadingamongtheplants.”可知，Theo的工作是寻找生病的郁金香，必要时杀死生病的郁金香，以防止病毒在植物中传播，从而保持郁金香田里健康。故选B。【34题】推理判断题。根据“Yeah,itisexpensive,buttherearefewerandfewerpeoplewhocanreallyseethesicktulips.”可知，他认为这个机器人是有用的。故选A。【35题】推理判断题。根据“ItwastheknowledgefromfarmerslikeTheovanderVoortthattheyputintotheAImodel.Combined(结合)theknowledgeofexperiencedtulipfarmerswiththeAItechnology,theycanfinallymakeefficient(高效的)robots.”可知，他们将像TheovanderVoort这样的农民的知识应用到AI模型中。将经验丰富的郁金香种植者的知识与AI技术结合，他们最终可以制造出高效的机器人。由此可知，农民的知识是机器人发展的关键。故选C。【36题】主旨大意题。根据“TheoisarobotnamedafterTheovanderVoort,afarmerattheWAMPenningsfarm.Hisjobistosearchforsicktulipsand,whennecessary,killtroubledonestopreventthevirus(病毒)fromspreadingamongtheplants.”及全文可知，本文主要介绍了一个可以寻找生病的郁金香，并杀死它们，以防止病毒在有价值的植物中传播的机器人，旨在介绍这一新的人工智能技术。故选B。DMostpeoplewhomovetoaforeigncountrymayexperienceaperiodoftimewhentheyfeelveryhomesickandhavealotofworries.Thisfeelingisoftencalled“cultureshock(冲击).Itisimportanttounderstanditandlearnwhattodowithitifyouwanttoadapttoyournewhome’sculturesuccessfully.Generallyspeaking,therearefourstages(阶段)thatyouwillexperienceafteryoumovetoaforeigncountry.Thefirststageisusuallycalledthe“excitement”stage.Whenarrivinginanewenvironment,you’llbeinterestedinthenewculture.Everythingwillseemexcitingandeveryonewillseemfriendly.Butitwon’tbelongbeforeyoumovefromthe“excitement”stagetothesecondstage.Theexcitementyoufeltbeforechangestoworries.Itseemsthateverythingisdifficult.Thelanguageishardtolearn,friendsaredifficulttomake,andevensimplethingslikeshoppinghavebecomeadifficultproblem.Itisatthis“stress”stagethatyoumayfeelworriedandhomesick.Thisisthestagewhichiscalled“cultureshock”.However,cultureshockdoesn’tlastforverylong.Ifyouareoneofthosewhomanagetogetthroughit,you’llmovetothe“recovery”stage.Atthisstage,youstarttounderstandandacceptthewaythingsaredoneandthewaypeoplebehaveinyournewenvironment.Thelaststageisthe“home”stage.Thisisthestagewhenyoustarttofeelathomeinthenewculture.Youstarttolearnfromyournewhomeandtolikesomewaysofthenewculturebetter.Cultureshockiscommon.Everyoneinanewsituationwillgothroughit.Continuetobebrave!Andgettingthroughcultureshockwillbeapieceofcake.37.Amongthefourstages,whichstagecanexplainhow“cultureshock”happen?A.Therecoverystage. B.Thestressstage.C.Theexcitementstage. D.Thehomestage.38.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“adapt”inParagraph1mean?A.getused B.growup C.liveup D.lookforward39.JanewenttostudyinGermanyforthefirsttime.Whatmightshehavegonethrough?(Putthefollowinginthecorrectorderaccordingtothepassage.)①Janecouldn’tunderstandGermanverywellinclass.②Afterhalfayear’shardwork,Janehadnolanguageproblems.③Everythinginthecollegewassofresh.④JaneenjoyedspendinggoodtimewithherGermanfriends.A.①②③④ B.③①②④ C.②④③① D.③①④②40.Whichofthefollowingcanshowthestructureofthepassage?A. B. C. D.【答案】37.B38.A39.B40.C【解析】【导语】本文主要解释了为什么人们会有“文化冲击”以及如何应对。【37题】细节理解题。根据“Itisatthis‘stress’stagethatyoumayfeelworriedandhomesick.Thisisthestagewhichiscalled‘cultureshock’”可知“压力”阶段可以解释“文化冲击”是如何发生的，故选B。【38题】词句猜测题。根据上文“Itisimportanttounderstanditandlearnwhattodowithitifyouwanttoadapttoyournewhome’sculturesuccessfully”可知，如果你想成功地适应新家的文化，了解它并学会如何处理它是很重要的，故划线单词表示“适应”，与getused“习惯”意思相近，故选A。【39题】细节理解题。根据“Thefirststageisusuallycalledthe‘excitement’stage.Whenarrivinginanewenvironment,you’llbeinterestedinthenewculture”可知，到达一个新的环境时会对新的文化感兴趣，对应③“大学里的一切都是那么新鲜”；根据“Theexcitementyoufeltbeforechangestoworries.Itseemsthateverythingisdifficult”可知，之前的兴奋变成了担心。似乎一切都很困难，对应①“简在课堂上不能很好地理解德语”；根据“Ifyouareoneofthosewhomanagetogetthroughit,you’llmovetothe‘recovery’stage.Atthisstage,youstarttounderstandandacceptthewaythingsaredoneandthewaypeoplebehaveinyournewenvironment”可知，如果你是那些设法度过难关的人之一，你将进入“恢复”阶段。在这个阶段，你开始理解和接受新环境中做事的方式和人们的行为方式，对应②“经过半年的努力，简没有语言问题了”；根据“Thelaststageisthe‘home’stage...Youstarttolearnfromyournewhomeandtolikesomewaysofthenewculturebetter”可知，最后一个阶段是“家”阶段。这是你开始在新文化中感到自在的阶段。你开始从你的新家学习，并更喜欢新文化的某些方面，对应④“简喜欢和她的德国朋友共度美好时光”，故选B。【40题】篇章结构题。根据短文内容可知，第一段解释“文化冲击”现象，提出问题；第二至五段介绍“文化冲击”的四个阶段；第六段总结全文。可知C项结构正确，故选C。第II卷(非选择题共65分)五、综合填空(本题共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Plasticiseverywhere.Wesitonit,keepourfoodinit___41___drinkfromit,etc.Wethrowawayenoughplasticitems(物品)eachyear.Itseemsthatit’simpossibleforus___42___(live)withoutitatpresent.Whatcanwedoaboutit?Afamouscompany___43___(organize)aPlastic-FreeDayoveryears.Lotsofactivities___44___(hold)now.Ithinkthisisourchancetomakea___45___(different)bylivingwithoutplasticforoneday.Hereareseveralstepstotake.First,don’tbuyanythingmadeofplastic.It’scertainthatitemslikewaterbottlesandmany___46___(child)toysaremadeofplastic.Second,justsaynotosingle-use(一次性)plasticslikecupsandbags.Somepeoplewereusedto___47___(carry)thingswithplasticbags.Thosebagsarereally___48___(harm)toourenvironment.Third,takeourownutensils(器具)___49___wewanttoeatoutside.Finally,takeawaterbottleormug(杯子)withus.Weallneedsomewatertoget____50____(we)throughtheday.Sotakeabottleormugwithus,andthatwillhelpusavoidbuyingplasticbottlesfilledwithdrinks.【答案】41.and##or42.tolive43.hasorganized44.areheld45.difference46.children’s47.carrying48.harmful49.if##when50.ourselves【解析】【导语】本文谈论塑料在生活中无处不在，造成了很大污染。并介绍了在无塑料日，我们应该采取的办法。【41题】句意：我们坐在上面，把食物放在上面，喝水等等。根据句意可知“sitonit”、“keepourfoodinit”和“drinkfromit”都是可以在塑料上做的事情，三者是并列或选择关系。故填and/or。【42题】句意：目前看来，我们的生活中没有它是不可能的。根据“it’simpossibleforus...withoutitatpresent”可知，此处符合句型“it’sadj.forsb.todosth.”，意为“对于某人来说做某事是怎么样的”。故填tolive。【43题】句意：一家著名公司多年来一直组织“无塑料日”活动。根据时间状语“overyears”可知，本句应使用现在完成时，符合“主+have/has+过去分词”的形式，本句主语为单数“Afamouscompany”，助动词应为has。故填hasorganized。【44题】句意：现在举行了很多活动。根据“Lotsofactivities...now.”可知，主语activities与动词hold是被动关系，要使用“主+be+done”形式；由now可知本句要用一般现在时，结合表示主语activities可知，本句应为are。故填areheld。【45题】句意：我认为这是我们改变世界的机会，通过一天不用塑料。根据“thisisourchancetomakea...”可知，空格处应该填写名词，different“不同的”，形容词，其名词形式为difference；makeadifference“产生影响”，固定搭配。故填difference。【46题】句意：可以肯定的是，像水瓶和许多儿童玩具这样的物品都是由塑料制成的。根据“itemslikewaterbottlesandmany...toys”可知，此处指像水杯和许多儿童玩具一样的物品，空格处应用名词所有格，此处是泛指儿童们的玩具，要用children’s。故填children’s。【47题】句意：有些人习惯用塑料袋携带东西。根据“Somepeoplewereusedto...things”可知，此处考查固定搭配beusedtodoingsth.“习惯于做某事”。故填carrying。【48题】句意：那些袋子对我们的环境有害。根据“Thosebagsarereally...toourenvironment.”中空格前的are可知，空格处缺少形容词做表语；harm“危害”，名词，其形容词形式为harmful，beharmfulto“对……有害”，固定搭配。故填harmful。【49题】句意：第三，如果/当我们想在外面吃饭，带上我们自己的餐具。根据“takeourownutensils...wewanttoeatoutside.”可知，此处指当我们想在外就餐时，或指如果我们想在外就餐或当我们想在外面就餐时，就要带自己的餐具。“如果”if；“当……时”when。故填if/when。【50题】句意：我们都需要一些水来度过一天。根据“Weallneedsomewatertoget...throughtheday.”可知，我们需要水让我们自己度过一天，此处强调主语自己，用反身代词；we“我”，主格，ourselves“我们自己”，反身代词。故填ourselves。尉华在背诵UnitSevenReadingAninterviewwithanORBISdoctor时，其中一段中忘记了五个单词，请认真阅读短文，帮助他写出一个合适的英语单词完整、正确的形式，使短文通顺。About285millionpeoplearoundtheworldare____51____orhaveothereyeproblems,mostlyinpoorareas,andabout80percentofthesecasescanbepreventedorcured.However,manypeopledon’thavemoneyfor____52____treatment.ORBISusesitsFlyingEyeHospitaltovisitpoorareas.Ontheplane,volunteerdoctorsdooperations.Theplaneisalsousedasa____53____centre.Manyofourpatientscan’t____54____togotohospital,sowehavetogotothem.Also,localdoctorsandnursesareinvitedon____55____tolearnabouteyeoperations.Wecanteachthemnewskills.【答案】51.blind52.medical53.training54.afford55.board【解析】解析略，可根据教材原文得出答案。六、阅读填空(本题共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。TheChinesedragon,alsoknownasthe“loong”,isimportantinChineselegends(传说)andChineseculture.___56___Inancienttimes,thedragonwasseenasan