人教版九年级英语第十二单元知识点总结

人教版九年级英语第十二单元知识点总结人教版九年级英语第十二单元知识点总结Unit12Lifeisfulloftheunexpected.单词unexpectedbythetimebackpackoversleepgivesbaliftblockinlinewithworkerstaredisbeliefaboveburnburningaliveairplanetillwestcreamworkdaypieshowupbeanmarketbytheendoffoolcostumeembarrassedcostumepartyannouncespaghettihoaxselloutdiscoveryladycancelofficerbelievabledisappearembarrassing本单元语法：过去完成时。过去完成时表示在过去某一时间点以前即“过去的过去”已经发生的动作。Mr.Blacktoldmethathehadseenthemoviethreetimes.⑴过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成的动作。它表示动作发生的时间是“过去的过去”。⑵过去完成时的结构是：肯定由“助动词had(用于各种人称和数)+过去分词”构成否定式：hadnot+过去分词缩写形式：hadn’t⑶过去完成时的时间状语：①表示过去某一时间可用by,before等构成的短语。Wehadfinishedourhomeworkbefore10o’clock.②可能通过when,before等引导的从句表示。WhenIgotthere,thetrainhadleft.③过去某一时间通过上下文来表示。Katehadn’tstudiedhard,soshedidn’tpasstheexamyesterday.二．1.unexpectedadj.出乎意料的；始料不及的theunexpected“意外的事情”“出乎意料的事”。sth...whenWehadhardlyfallenasleepwhenthebellrang.另：beaboutto忙于；即将做某事。侧重于表示动作马上就要发生，常与when引导的从句连用，但不与具体的时间状语连用。befullof=befilledwith充满，装满Thebasketisfullofapples.=Thebasketisfilledwithapples.8.getbacktoschool意为“回到学校”1)getbackto后接表地点的名词，意为“回到某地”;2)getbackto后面接人,可引申为“回复某人的信件，电子邮件，电话”等；3)getback还可表示“回来，返回，拿回，取回”等含义。9.Myalarmclockdidn’tgooff!gooff发出响声,(闹钟)闹响Thealarmwentoffjustnow.goover复习goaway离开goby(时间)过去goforawalk出去散步goon继续gofishing/shopping/skating/swimming去钓鱼/去买东西/去溜冰/去游泳10.rushout冲出去，冲出……waitinlinewith意为“与……排队等候”standinline站成一排cutinline插队stareat凝视indisbelief不相信turninto变成landon意为“着陆；降落于”belatefor迟到gooff发出响声keepdoingsth一直做......wakeup醒来11.evenif/eventhough/though三者都可以引导让步状语从句。Evenif=eventhough“即使、纵然”引出的从句叙述的是假设或把握很大的事情though“虽然”，引出的从句叙述的是事实。IwilltryevenifImayfail.Thoughitwasverylate,hewentonworking.[注]though和but不能同时出现在句中。12.above1)prep（表示位置）在…正上方；（与below相对）Themoonisnowabovethetrees.2)prep表示在地位、级别、能力、资历、重要性等方面“超过”Heisabovemeineveryway.3)adv.“在上面;在上文”。Seetheexamplesgivenabove.13.alive,living,live与livelylively1）live

“活着的”，通常指物，不指人，常用来作定语放名词的前面。还指“实况转播的”。例如：

a

live

fish

一条活鱼。

Do

you

like

a

live

show

or

a

recorded

show

?

2）living意为“活着”强调说明“尚在人间”，“健在”，可用来指人或物，作定语或表语。例如：.My

first

teacher

is

still

living

.English

is

a

living

language

.

A

living

language

should

be

learned

through

listening

and

speaking

.

He

is

regarded

as

one

of

the

best

living

writers

at

present

.注意：living

前加上

the

,

表示类别，指“活着的人们”。例如：

The

living

must

finish

the

work

of

those

dead

.

living

还可用于短语，例如：make

a

living

谋生。

3）alive

意为“活着”，侧重说明生与死之间的界限(本来会死但没有死)，既可指人，也可指物；可用来作表语，后置定语或宾补。例如：The

badly

wounded

soldier

was

still

alive

whenhewas

taken

to

the

hospital

.He

is

dead

,

but

his

dog

is

still

alive

.

He

wanted

to

keep

the

fish

alive

.

Thisisafishalive.4）lively

则意为“活泼的”，“活跃”，“充满生气的”，可作定语、表语或宾补，既可指人，又可指物。例如：

Jenny

is

a

lively

girl

.

Everything

is

lively

here

.

这儿一切都生机勃勃。

He

had

a

strange

way

of

making

his

classes

lively

and

interesting

.

live物定语现场的living人/物定语、表语makealiving/thelivingalive人/物后置定语、表语、宾补生与死的界限lively人/物定语、表语、宾补生气勃勃的,无活着的意思1).JinYongisoneofthegreatestandoldestwriter.Heisstill.A.living;aliveB.living;livingC.alive;livingD.alive;lively2).—Ishisgrandmotherstill?—Yes,sheis102yearsold!A.liveB.livingC.aliveD.Lively14.takeoff在此句中意为“起飞”，off在此为副词表示“离开；走开”。takeoff也有“脱下”之意，此时off为介词，后可直接跟宾语。Takeoffyourcoat.It'shotoutside.脱下你的外套，外面炎热。TheotherplaneswerefullsoIhadtowaittillthenextday.till意为“到，直到”，相当于until.⑴用于肯定句时,主句的动词只用延续性的，它所表示的动作一直延续到till或until表示的时间为止，意为“直到……为止”。ShewatchedTVtillhermothercameback⑵用于否定句时，主句的动词一般是非延续性的，也可以是延续性的，它所表示的动作直到till或until所表示的时间才发生，意为“直到…（才）”。Shedidn’twatchTVtillhermothercameback.16.onAprilFool’sDay愚人节makeafoolofsb.愚弄某人17.embarrassv使尴尬→embarrassedadj.尴尬的(用来修饰人)→embarrassingadj.令人难堪的（修饰物）18.invitesb.todosth邀请某人做某事invitesb.to+地点邀请某人去某地19.showup出席onshow=ondisplay展览showoff炫耀showsb.around带某人参观showsb.sth=showsthtosb向某人展示某物20.playtricksonsb.捉弄某人playjokesonsb.对某人开玩笑laughat嘲笑makefunof取笑It'simpolitetolaughat,stareatorplay_____ondisabledpeopleA.funB.jokesC.tricksD.parts21.Manypeoplerantotheirlocalsupermarketstobuybuyasmuchasspaghettiastheycould.as+形容词/副词的原级+assb.can/could=as+形容词/副词原级+aspossible.Wemustdoeverythingaspossible.=Wemustdoeverythingaswellaswecan.22.sellout卖光（用物作主语时，常用于被动语态besoldout）giveout分发handout分发workout解答出runoutof用完goout出去findout查明lookout当心takeout拿出23.findout,lookfor与find(1)findout强调经过调查、询问、研究等曲折过程后才能找出。如：Pleasefindoutwhenthetrainleaves.(2)lookfor意为“寻找”，强调寻找的过程。find意为“发现，找到”，强调寻找的结果。endupdoingsth.（以…）结束；Imustmakegooduseofmysparetime,orIwillendupdoingnothing.endupas最终成为Hestartedasanemployeeandendedupasheadofthefirm.endupsth.表示“结束某事”。Thescientistendeduphisspeechatlast.endupwithsth.（以……）结束ThestudentsbeganwithspeakingEnglish,butendedupwithspeakingChinese.25.marryv嫁娶(1)AmarryB.“A与B结婚”BillmarriedMaryonJanuary1,1994.(2)AandBgetmarried=AandBaremarriedA和B结婚getmarried结婚KateandTomgetmarriedlastyear.(3)marryAtoB“把A嫁给B”Shemarriedherdaughtertoarichman.(4)be/getmarriedtosb与……结婚26.(1)当hundred/thousand/million前面有具体的数字时，用单数形式(2)当hundred/thousand/million后与of连用时用复数形式，具体的不加s也不加of，不具体的加s也加of27.Howdoyoufeelabout…?=Whatdoyouthinkof…?=Howdoyoulike…?“你怎样看待……?”用于提问对方对某事物的观点hear短语hear可用作及物动词，表示“听到”、“听见”，侧重于听的结果。如：I'mverysorrytohearthat.hear后面还可以跟that从句，Ihearthatyou'vebeenhereforseveralyears.(2)hearof是指间接地“听到”“听说”后接名词性质的词。如：Ihaveneverheardofhimbefore.我以前从来没有听说过他。hearof与hearabout的意义相近它们含有“听人说起”，“从书报上看到关于”等意义I’veneverheardofhim.我从来没有听说过他。Haveyouheardabouthimfromanywhere?你从什么地方听到过他吗？(3)hearfrom指“收到……的来信”其宾语应是人，而不是信。如：Ioftenhearfrommyparents.我经常收到父母的来信。29.get/bedressed穿衣服wear穿，戴（强调状态）宾语可以是衣帽，也可以是饰物、奖章等。You’dbetterwearblueorblackpantswithblownshoes.puton穿，戴（强调动作）后接衣服、鞋帽等。Iwantyoutoputonthiscoatandthishat.dress给……穿衣服宾语通常是人，意思是“给……穿衣服”。dressoneself或getdressed表示给自己穿衣服。It’stimetowakeupandgetdressed!in后接表示衣服或颜色的词，着重于服装的款式或颜色。它所构成的短语只能作表语或定语。Hewasinanewblackcoat.Thegirlinredismysister.30.keep用法1.keep+形容词2.keep+sth/sb+形容词3.keep+doing一直做某事4.keep...fromdoing...阻止做某事。。。5.keepapet饲养一个宠物6.HowlongmayIkeepthisbook？keep指借。由非延续性动词到延续性动词的转换：arrive→beherebegin(start)→beondie→bedeadcomeback→bebackleave→beaway(from)fallill(sick,asleep)→beill(sick,asleep)getup→beupgoout→beoutfinish→beoverputon→wear或beonopen→beopenjoin→bein或beamemberof…close→beclosedgotoschool→beastudentborrow→keepbuy/get→havecatch(acold)→have(acold)gettoknow→knowbegintostudy→studycometowork→workmoveto→liveinfinish/end→beovercometo→beinsitdown→beseatedmarry→bemarrieddress→bedressedHehasbeenasoldierforthreeyears.他参军三年了。Hisfatherhasbeendeadfortwoyears.他父亲去世二年了。Thefilmhasbeenonfortenminutes.电影已开始十分钟了。WehavestudiedEnglishforthreeyears.我们（开始）学英语已三年了。HowlongcanIkeepthisbook?这本书我可以借多长时间？必背短语befullof充满了theunexpected出乎意料的事2.bythetime到......时候3.getup起床4.takeashower/getintheshower洗澡5.be5minuteslatefor迟到5分钟6.inthebackpack在书包/背包里7.getbacktoschool回到学校8.startteaching开始上课(3)9.keepdoingsth一直/坚持做某事10.gooff（闹钟）发出响声11.wakeup醒来12.rushout冲出去13.brushone’steeth刷牙14.washone’sface洗脸15.givesbalift捎某人一程16.atleast(反义：atmost最多）至少17.findajob找到一个工作18.attheWorldTradeCenter在世贸中心19.arriveat+小地点/arrivein+大地点=gettosp.=reachsp.到达某地(特殊点here/there/home/abroad)20.beabouttodosth即将做某事（一般不接具体的时间状语，表马上要发生）21.eventhough=evenif即使；尽管22.waitinline排队等候23.Whatisgoingon发生什么(同义句)24.stareatsb凝视某人25.indisbelief难以置信地26.feelluckytodosth做某事感到很幸运27.bealive活着的28.jumpoutof跳出29.gostraighttosp.直接到某地30.takeoff（飞机）起飞；脱下31.hearabout听说32.turninto/changeinto变成turnAintoB把A变成B33.showup露面,赶到34.gettotheairport到达飞机场35.getachancetosaygoodbye得到一个机会说再见36.forgettodosth.忘记要做某事forgetdoingsth.忘记做过某事37.leavesp.离开某地leaveforsp.动身去某地38.acostumeparty一个化妆舞会39.getdressed穿衣服40.stayup熬夜41.invitesb.tosp.邀请某人到某地invitesb.todosth.邀请某人做某事42.beembarrassed（主语是人）很尴尬的beembarrassing（主语是物）很尴尬的43.allnight整夜44.takeplace发生45.playajokeonsb.跟某人开玩笑46.playatrickonsb捉弄某人47.Sthhappenstosb.某人发生某事(三组句型)48.sellout卖光49.as...assbcan=as...aspossible尽可能.......地50.loseweight减肥51.endupdoingsth结束做某事endupwithsth.以某事结束endupsth.结束某事52.getmarriedtosb.与某人结婚（表短暂动词）bemarriedtosb.与某人结婚(表状态）53.moveacross穿越54.runaway逃离runawayfromsp.从某地逃离55.theluckiestday最幸运的一天56inthemiddleoftheroad在路中间57.leadto通向；导致58.cancelaplan取消一个计划59.missdoingsth.错过做某事60.abowlof...一碗......61.leavemybackpackathome把背包忘在家里62.missbothevents错过两个事件63.raiseabovetheburningbuilding从正在燃烧的楼上升起64.collectthemathhomework收数学作业65.completetheworkformyboss完成老板的工作66.maketheapplepie制作苹果馅饼67.showup赶到,出现68.addthegreenbeans加绿豆荚70.fearspreadacrossthewholecountry恐惧席卷整个国家71.theunluckiestdayof